M e d i c a l P O S T G R A D U A T E S Abstracts
Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 3, Vol. 38, 2010 Morphologic Findings of Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/waldenstrom macroglobulinemia Fig. 1 Fig. 2a Fig. 1. 85
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Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 3, Vol. 38, 2010 Changes in Medical Leadership from France to Germany and U.S.A. 91
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Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 3, Vol. 38, 2010 Current Epidemiologic Trend of Thyroid Cancer 100
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factors for thyroid cancer: A prospective cohort study. Int. J. C a n c e r, 116 : 433-438 24. Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P. (2005) : Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin, 55 : 74-108 25. Parkin DM, Whelan SL, Ferlay J, et al. eds. (2002) : Cancer Incidence in Five Continents. Vol VIII. IARC Scientific Publication No, 155, International Angency for Research on Cancer. World Health Organization, Lyon 26. Plesko I, Macfariane GJ, Obsitnikova A, et al. (1994) : Thyroid cancer in Slovakia, 1968-1990: incidence, mortality and histological types. Eur J Cancer Prev, 3 : 345-349 27. Preston-Martin S, Franceschi S, Ron E, Negri E. (2003) : Thyroid cancer pooled analysis from 14 case-control studies: what have we learned? Cancer Causes Control, 14 : 787-789 28. Randi G, Ferraroni M, Talamini R, et al. (2008) : Glycemic index, glycemic load and thyroid cancer risk. Ann Oncol, 19 : 380-383 29. Renehan AG, Tyson M, Egger M, et al. (2008) : Bodymass index and incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. L a n c e t, 371 : 569-578 30. Reynolds RM, Weirt J, Stockton DL, et al. (2005) : Changing trends in incidence and mortality of thyroid cancer in Scotland. Clin Endrinol, 62 : 156-162 31. Ron E, Kleinerman RA, Boice JD Jr., et al. (1987) : A population-based case-control study of thyroid cancer. J N C I, 79 : 1-12 32. Scheiden R, Keipes M, Bock C, et al. (2006) : Thyroid cancer in Luxembourg: a national population-based data report (1983-1999). BMC Cancer, 6 : 102 33. Shakhtarin VV, Tsyb AF, Stepanenko VF, et al. (2003) : Iodine deficiency, radiation dose, and the risk of thyroid cancer among children and adolescents in the Bryansk region of Russia following the Chernobyl power station accident. Int J Epidemiol, 32 : 584-591 34. Shin MH, Oh HK, Ahn YO. (2008) : Ten year trend of cancer incidence in Seoul, Korea: 1993-2002. J Prev Med Public Health, 41 : 92-99 (Korean) 35. Sung J, Song YM, Lawlor DA, et al. (2009) : Height and site-specific cancer risk: a cohort study of a Korean adult population. Am J Epidemiol, 170 : 53-64 36. Troung T, Baron-Dubourdieu D, Rougier Y, et al. (2010) : Role of dietary iodine and cruciferous vegetables in thyroid cancer: a countrywide case-control study in New Caledonia. Cancer Causes Control, Apr 2 (Epub ahead of print) 37. Ward MH. Kilfoy BA, Weyer PJ, et al. (2010) : Nitrate Intake and the risk of thyroid cancer and thyroid disease. E p i d e m i o l o g y, 21 : 389-395 38. Zivaljevic V, Vlajinac H, Jankovic R, et al. (2003) : Casecontrol study of female thyroid cancer- menstrual, reproductive and hormonal factors. Eur J Cancer Prev, 12 : 63-66 105
106 Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 3, Vol. 38, 2010 Sonographic Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules Fig. 1.
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Table 1 Fig. 7. Table 1 Table 1. Sonographic features Sensitivity Specificity PPV* NPV 47.8-77.5% 74.3-91.8% 11.9-81.3% 70.7% 44-87.1% 43.4-80% 27% 26.5-35.2% 94.3-97.2% 68.4-95.1% 73.5-49.2% 32.7-83.6% 60-92.5% 77.4-92.7% 67.4-67.6% 29-59.2% 85.5-95% 33-87.6% 46.8-9.8% * PPV: positive predictive value NPV: negative predictive value 109
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Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 3, Vol. 38, 2010 Pathologic Characteristics of Papillary Microcarcinoma Table 1 Table 1. Associated with favorable prognosis Papillary microcarcinoma Encapsulated variant Encapsulated follicular variant Oncocytic variant Similar prognosis to conventional type Follicular variant Cribriform-morular variant Associated with aggressive behavior Diffuse sclerosing variant Tall cell variant Columnar cell variant 111
Table 2 Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 1. Fig. 3 Table 2. I. Nondiagnostic or Unsatisfactory II. Benign III. Atypia of Undetermined Significance or Follicular Lesion of Undetermined Significance IV. Follicular Neoplasm or Suspicious for Follicular Neoplasm V. Suspicious for Malignancy VII. Malignant 112
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Table 3. Author No. of Multifocality Nodal Distant Recurrence Mortality Follow up cases (%) metastasis(%) metastasis(%) Rate(%) (%) (year) Lo et al. 185 24 23 2 7 2 5 Roti et al. 243 32 13 2 2 0 4 Appetecchia et al. 120-22 0 2 0 5-15 Baudin et al. 281 40 43-4 - 7 Pelizzo et al. 149 12 13-2 0 7 Pellegriti et al. 13) 299 32 30 3 26 0 - Chow et al. 14) 203 31 25 1 13 - - Arora et al. 12) 66 56 43 6 17 0 6 Park et al. 10) 279 41 52-14 - 7 Lombardi et al. 11) 933 31 7 0 3 0 3 115
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Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 3, Vol. 38, 2010 Management of Well-differentiated Thyroid Cancer 117
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Table 1. Very low risk Low risk Intermediate risk High risk Age at diagnosis <45 yrs <45 yrs Young pts. (<45 yrs) >45 yrs - Classic PTC >4cm - vascular invasion -extrathyroidal extension. - worrisome histology c of any size Tumor size <1 cm 1-4 cm Older pts. (>45 yrs) >4 cm - Classic PTC <4cm - extrathyroidal extension. - worrisome histology c of <1-2cm Histology Classic PTC, Classic PTC, See above Worrisome confined to thyroid a confined to thyroid a (Age + Histology + size) Histology c >1-2 cm Completeness Complete resection Complete resection Complete resection Incomplete of resection resection L/N involvement None apparent Present or absent b Present or absent b Present or absent b Distant metastasis None apparent None apparent None apparent Present - very low risk low, risk column - high risk incomplete resection distant metastasis age, tumor size, histology high risk - columnrisk factor intermediate risk - a : vascular invasion extrathyroidal extension - b : L/N involvement45 45 - c : tall cell-, columnar cell-, insular variant, poorly differentiated histology Reference : Tuttle RM et al, J Surg Oncology 97 : 712, 2008 119
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Colorectal and Extracolonic Cancers Detected at Screening CT Colonography in 10286 Asymptomatic Adults Perry J. Pickhardt et al. Radiology, 255(1) : 83-88, 2010 Decrease in Breast Density in the Contralateral Normal Breast of Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy : MR Imaging E v a l u a t i o n Jeon-Hor Chen et al. Radiology, 255(1) : 44-52, 2010 135
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