1, ICT.,, ICT., ICT. Industry 4.0.,. ICT ICT.,, ICT. ICT, ICT. ICT. ICT. 2014 10
3 1 7 1 15 2 ICT 17 3 28 1. 28 2. 32 4 37 1. 37 2. 40 3. 44 4. 45 5 48 51
4 2 1 18 2 2 19 2 3 21 2 4 22 2 5 22 2 6 3D 24 2 7 25 2 8 26 3 1 31 4 1 Industry 4.0 40 4 2 42 4 3 (Catapult) 45
5 1 1 GDP 15 2 1 20 3 1 28 3 2 29 3 3 30 3 4 31 3 5 32 3 6 33 3 7 33 3 8 34 3 9 35 3 10 36 3 11 36 4 1 (CPS) 4 38 4 2 39
7 1. = ICT, ( ) IT Indutry 4.0 ( ), (reshoring) ( ), GDP 31%( 10 ),
8 GDP 60% 2. ICT 1, 3D,, SW, 3D, (Cyber Physical System),, RFID,
9 ( ),, ( ) ( ),, 3D,,, 3D,,, ICT,
10, ( ) ( ), 3. 70 80 90 : 27.4%( 70) 19.4%( 90) 0.6%( 12)) : 27.7%( 70) 17.8%( 10)(LGERI, 2012) 90, ( 94 08): ( 6.24%p), ( 2.57%p), ( 3.94%p), ( 7.63%p), ( 2.57%p), ( 6.95%p)( (ISTANS)) 11 46.1%
11, 13 42.8% : 19.4%( 11) 1.5%( 12) 2.2%( 13),, ( 30 ), ( 10 ) 93 31.7% 11 19.8% : 7.1%( 04) 3.2%( 12) : 27.3 ( 02) 21.3 ( 12),, 4., ICT,,,
12 ( ),,, ( ),, 1 / Fab Lab, Living Lab BM, ( ),
13 (Connected Smart Factory), CPS, SW,,, CPS,,,,, IoT,, ICT, (industrial commons),
14 3D,,, R&D,
1 15 1 = 11 07,, (, 2012. 11. 22) 1 1 GDP GDP : (2012. 11. 22) ICT, ICT
16,, 50% (, 2013) ( ) IT Indutry 4.0 ( ), (reshoring) ( ), GDP 31%( 10 ), GDP 60% ICT,
2 ICT 17 2 ICT 1,, 3D,, SW,, 3D Wohlers Associates(2013) 3D 2011 4 2019 130 (Consufacturer)
18 2 1 40 2000 7 ( 7700 ) : (2014. 7. 28) 로컬모터스의세계최초 3D 프린트자동차스트라티 (Strati) : WOW TV(2014. 9. 16),, Ford Open Innovation Center, (, 2011. 8. 25)
2 ICT 19 2 2 (dodo) dodo, :, 2011. 9. 8 두두의아이패드케이스들 : http://www.dodocase.com/collections/ipad-cases ICT, (Cyber Physical System),, RFID, *
20 * 2 1 : Wolfgang(2012) ( ),, ( ) 4.0 4.0 *
2 ICT 21 * 4.0 (Cyber Physical System) ( ),, (embedded) 2 3 GE Intel,, 12 450 (Information age 2013. 6. 19, 2013) (Predictive analytics) 12 300 (Information week 2013. 3. 18, 2013) GE 의빅데이터분석을통한 Industrial Internet : Peter & Marco, 2012
22 2 4 0.001,, ( :, 2013) 포스코의운전상태및설비모니터링시스템 : ICT, 2013 2 5 Volvo BMW Volvo,,, 50 1000 (, 2013) 1.1% 0.85% (Wilson & Kerber, 2012, &, 2014 ) Volvo 의빅데이터도입효과 : (2013)
2 ICT 23, ( & ) (downtime) 4.7% (Cebr 2012, 2013) ( ) ( ), 1971 2004 61% 1/3, CO2 36% (, 2012) 4.2%p (, 2008) (, 2012) ( ),, (Mass production)
24 3D,,, 3D 2 6 3D (Ford) (Ferrari) BMW 3D 30 40% ( &, 2014) ( Thumb ) 3D (Set-up) ( &, 2014) BMW 의 Thumb : theguardian(2014. 7. 4),,
2 ICT 25, 2 7 (Siemens) ( ) 1000 100 (, 2014. 4. 11) 지멘스암벡공장 : (2014. 4. 13) ICT,
26, 2 8 (Rolls-royce),, (, 2014. 6. 26),,, (, &, 2013) 항공엔진유지보수토털솔루션서비스 : (2010) Nike 와 ipod 의결합 : https://www.apple.com/kr/ipod/nike/
2 ICT 27 ( ) ( ),,,, ( ) ( )
28 3 1. 70 80 90, IMF, 11 07 : 27.4%( 70) 19.4%( 90) 0.6%( 12), : 27.7%( 70) 17.8%( 10)(LGERI, 2012) 3 1 ( :, %) (a) (b) 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% 한국미국일본독일영국프랑스 : (b) 05 08 :, (ISTANS)
3 29 90, ( 94 08): ( 6.24%p), ( 2.57%p), ( 3.94%p), ( 7.63%p), ( 2.57%p), ( 6.95%p) 3 2 ( : %) 45.0% 40.0% 35.0% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 한국미국일본독일영국프랑스 : (ISTANS) 11 46.1%, 11 13 : 19.4%( 11) 1.5%( 12) 2.2%( 13),,,
30 3 3 ( :, %) (a) (b) / :,,, 30 10 LG 10
3 31 3 4 (a) (b) : (2013),,, 3 1,, ( : ) 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 855 728 1,654 1,351 1,521 (12.5%) 1,606 948 676 1,101 1,286 (16.8%) 874 240 156 64 1,005 (1,480.4%) 1 693 352 453 1,918 815 ( 57.5%) 402 268 1,651 540 368 ( 31.8%) : (2013), (2013) 11 19.8% 93 (31.7%) : 7.1%( 04) 3.2%( 12) : 27.3 ( 02) 21.3 ( 12)
32,, (, 2013) 3 5 : (2013) 2.,, 70 11.1%, 00 70 3 (,, ) 12, ( 70 12): (5.8%p), (3.3%p), (2.2%p)
3 33 3 6 (a) (b) 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 1970 1980 1990 2000 2008 2012 농림어업 석유및석탄및화학제품 일반기계 전기및전자기기 정밀기기 수송장비 전기, 가스, 수도사업 서비스업 순생산물세 : (a), (b), KB (2014) 2011 ( 1 9 ) 81.5%, 5 9, 10 19 90, 300 3 7 (a) (b) : (2014b)
34,, 10,,, 1, ICT, 300,,,, ( ) ( ) : 105( 01) 161( 05) 243( 10) 90, 3 8 ( : US$, %, ) (a) (b) 0 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012-1000 -2000-3000 -4000-5000 -6000 120 100 80 60 40 20-7000 -8000 제조업기술무역수지 0 한국미국일본 EU 중국 기술수준 기술격차 :,,,,,,., 10 :, KISTEP(2012)
3 35 12 (164.9), (125.8) 2010 3 9 (2005=100) :, : 41.7%( 09) 49.8%( 13) : 1.2%( 09) 4.6%( 13)
36 3 10 (a) (b) : (2014) 09, 09 : 170 ( 09) 244 ( 13) 12 6 6, 5 1 3 11 (a) (b) : (2014), (2013. 5)
4 37 4 1. 1), 2, 2025 2012 500, 40.2%. 95 11 6.5% (, 2013. 10. 29) 2013 ICT Industry 4.0,,, Industry 4.0 IT (Internet of Things) (Cyber Physical System) 1) (2013. 10. 29), (2014. 2. 26).
38 4 1 (CPS) 4 : http://www.its-owl.de/industrie-40/evolution-statt-revolution/ (IoT) (CPS) SW,,. CPS,,,,,,,,,, 3D 4.0, 3D BMW,,, 3 5
4 39,,, IT, Industry 4.0 ( ),,, 4 2 : (2014. 2. 26), p.9 ( ), CPS ( ),
40 4 1 Industry 4.0 정책분야 표준화증진 사이버보안강화 인력교육방식변화 : (2013. 10. 29), p.8 주요내용 IT, (CPS), ICT, ICT 2. 2) ( ) 2) (2014. 4. 23), (2013. 10. 29), (2012. 11. 22)
4 41, ( ) 25%, 50% (, 2014. 4. 23), (reshoring) Apple Caterpillar 201 GM 10, Dow Chemical
42 4 2 Ford, 2011 Caterpillar, 2012 GM,, Google Nexus Q, GM, Ford Apple Otis Dow Chemical Exxon Mobile,,, 2012 2012 2013 2013 2013 2013 2014 Whirpool, 2014 : (2014. 4. 24), pp.3 4 2009 (Remaking America), 2012 (Reshoring), R&D, 35 256
4 43 (, 2014. 4. 24) 35% 28%( 25%) U (, 2014. 10), R&D 20%, 9% (, 2014. 8. 6) (Advanced Manufacturing Partnership) 5 1), 2), 3),,,, 4),,,, NNMI(Network of New Manufacturing Innovation) 2013 R&D 19% (Manufacturing Innovation Institute) 80 (2012. 2 )
44 3. 3),, GDP 1970 30% 2011 11% 53% (2012 ) 2000 2011 R&D 72 79% 30 130%, 1966 900 2011 300 OEM (We Sure UK) (Advanced Manufacturing Supply Chain Fund),,, (Manufacturing Advisory) 3) (2014), (2014).
4 45 3D, (Catapult) High Value Manufacturing Catapult(HVM),, 7 HVM GDP 4 3 (Catapult) the Advanced Forming Research Centre(AFRC) Glasgow the Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre(AMRC) Sheffield the Centre for Process Innovation(CPI) Sedgefield the Manufacturing Technology Centre(MTC) Ansty the National Composite Centre(NCC) Bristol the Nuclear Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre(NAMRC) Sheffield the Warwick Manufacturing Group(WMG) Coventry : https://www.catapult.org.uk 4. 4),,, 20 4) (2014. 10. 2) (2014. 7. 16).
46 ( ) ( ), 2012, 2013, 2014,,,, 3,,, IT,, ( ) 20% 2015 ( ), ( ) 80% ( ) (FTA )
4 47 ( ), ( ),, ( ) 20% 2015 ( ), ( ) 80% ( ), ( ),, ( ),
48 5, ICT,,, ( ),,, ( ),
5 49, 1 / Fab Lab, Living Lab BM, Fab Lab, 14 332 Living Lab Living Lab ( ), (Connected Smart Factory), CPS, SW,,, CPS,,,
50,, IoT,, ICT, (industrial commons), 3D,,, R&D,
51 (2014),, Journal of Digital Convergence, 12(1): 305 311. (2013), 10, Issue & Report 2013-04 2,. (2013. 10. 2),, 1. (2013),, Issue & Report 2013-07 5, (2008),. (2014a),,, KIET. (2014b),, KIET. (2014),, 2014. 9. 3, KIET. (2014. 10),,. (2013), ICT, ISSUE CRUNCH. (2012), :, FUTURE WAVE 2012-01. (2014. 8. 6),. (2013),, ISSUE PAPER 2013-340,. (2014. 4. 11), ICT,.
52 (2014. 4. 13), ICT.... (2014. 6. 26),!. (2013),, IT Report. (2011. 8. 25), 2011 CEO. (2011. 9. 8), 2011. (2014), 3D, ISSUE PAPER 2014-344,. (2013. 5), 2013. KB (2014), KB : GDP, 2014-11. (2014. 7. 28), ( )... (2014. 2. 26), 4.0,. ICT(2013), Creating Smart Future, SMART WORK. (2010), 2,. (2014),,, 2014-11. (2014. 4. 23),,. (2013. 10. 29), : Industry 4.0. (2012. 11. 22), : On-Shoring. (2014. 7. 16),.
53 WOW TV(2014. 9. 16), 3D?... 40 44.... Cebr(2012). Data equity: Unlocking the value of big data. https://www.apple.com/kr/ipod/nike/ http://www.dodocase.com/collections/ipad-cases Information Age(2013. 6. 19). Big data is the future of industry, says GE. Information Week(2013. 3. 18). Intel Cuts Manufacturing Costs With Big Data. Peter C. E. & Marco A.(2012). Industrial Internet: Pushing the Boundaries of Minds and Machines. theguardian(2014. 7. 4). BMW 3D prints new thumbs for factory workers. Wilson C. & Kerber J.(2012). Demystifying Big Data, Tech America Foundation. Wohlers Associates(2013). Wohlers Report 2013. Wolfgang W.(2012). Industry 4.0: From the Internet of Things to Smart Factories, 3 rd European Summit on Future Internet.
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