Rose교육.ppt

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1 UML RUP RUP

2 Concept of Object Introduction of UML Introduction of RUP Business Modeling Requirements Analysis & Design

3 Concept of Object Object-Oriented View What is a Object? Object Fundamental Benefit of Object-Oriented

4 Traditional View of Software Data a b c Function f1() f2() f3() Data(Structure) + Procedure(Algorithm) = Software

5 Object-Oriented View of Software Object Object Object a f1() b c f2() d e f3() Data(Structure) + Operation(Algorithm) = Object Object + Object = Software

6 What is a Object? ( ( ) ),

7 What is a Object? (2) State Behavior Identity

8 What is State? State. Behavior.

9 What is Behavior? Behavior State Interaction Message..

10 What is Identity? Identity.. identity.

11 What is Class? A class is Object is the instance of class

12 Abstraction Class Object Object (ex) :,,, Real World Abstraction Object Abstraction Class

13 Class Object Object Class instance & Class Object Data structure behavior Object Class

14 Class Class..

15 Object Fundamental Encapsulation Information Hiding Inheritance Polymorphism Message

16 What is Encapsulation? Data Operation Class. Transaction actions commit() rollback()

17 What is Information Hiding?

18 What is Inheritance? )

19 What is Inheritance? (2)

20 What is Inheritance? (3)

21 What is Polymorphism? One interface, multiple implementation. It provides another dimension of separation of interface from implementation, to decouple what from how. Dynamic binding, late binding, run-time binding

22 What is Polymorphism? Shape Draw() Class Shape { Void draw() {} } Square Draw() Class Square extends Shape { Void draw() { // print( Square ); } } Triangle Draw() Class Triangle extends Shape { Void draw() { // print( Triangle ); } } Shape[] s = new Shape[2]; s[0] = new Square(); s[1] = new Triangle(); for (int I = 0; I < s.length; I++) s[i].draw(); // if I = 0, print( Square ); if I = 1, print( Triangle );

23 What is Message?

24 Benefit of Object-Oriented

25 Concept of Object Introduction of UML Introduction of RUP Business Modeling Requirements Analysis & Design

26 Introduction of UML UML UML UML UML Common mechanism Building Blocks of UML UML Diagrams

27 UML (1) UML(Unified Modeling Language),,,

28 UML (2) Visualizing Constructing round-trip UML Specifying / Documenting,,

29 UML (1) James Rumbaugh : OMT Grady Booch : Booch Ivar Jacobson : OOSE Method War UML

30 UML (2) UML 1.3

31 UML Notation

32 UML Common mechanism (1) Specifications Textual statement of the syntax and semantics of each building block Adornments + : public - : private # : protected

33 UML Common mechanism (2) Extensibility Mechanism Stereotypes Tagged Values Constraints

34 UML Common mechanism (3) Extensibility Mechanism Example Stereotype <<exception>> Overflow EventQueue {version=3.2 Author = egb } add() remove() flush() Tagged Value {ordered } Constraint

35 Building Blocks of UML UML Building blocks Things Relationships Diagrams Structural things Behavioral things Grouping things Annotational things Dependency Association Static Structure Diagrams Dynamic Behavior Diagrams Class Interface Collaboration Use case Interaction State machine Packages Note Generalization Realization Class diagram Object diagram Component diagram Use case diagram Sequence diagram Collaboration diagram Active Classes Component Node Deployment diagram Statechart diagram Activity diagram

36 Diagrams Use Case Diagram Sequence Diagram Collaboration Diagram Class Diagram Object Diagram Statechart Diagram Activity Diagram Component Diagram Deployment Diagram

37 Use Case Diagram (Behavior)

38 Use Case Diagram Actor Use Case Association Extend Include Generalization

39 Use Case Diagram - Actor, Use Case User

40 Use Case Diagram Use Case Use Case, Actor Use Case Use Case Actor

41 Use Case Diagram Association Actor Use case Actor Use case Communication Association..

42 Use Case Diagram extend Use Case (Extension Point) Use Case Extension Point Use Case Extension points additional requests : after creation of the order <<extend>> The salesperson asks for the catalog Place Order Request Catalog

43 Use Case Diagram include Use case A Use case B include A B Supply Customer Data Order Product Arrange Payment <<include>> <<include>> <<include>> Place Order

44 Use Case Diagram generalization Child Elements Parent Element

45 Sequence Diagram (Use Case) Message Object Object Lifeline Focus of control Message

46 Sequence Diagram - Object Class Instance Object Name Class Name Object Name : Class Name Package :: Object1 : class1

47 Sequence Diagram Object Lifeline Object Create Destroy Object1 : class1

48 Sequence Diagram Focus of control Object Object Create Object1 : class1

49 Sequence Diagram - Message System Objects Message Object Message Object Object1 : class1 Object2 : class2 Do it

50 Sequence Diagram -

51 Collaboration Diagram Message Sequence Diagram Collaboration Diagram Path, Sequence Number Object Link Message

52 Collaboration Diagram Object Class Instance Name ObjectName / ClassfierRoleName : ClassfierName Attribute Value List Attribute Name : type = value Class Name Package :: Tutor / Teacher : Person queue : List of Call source : Object waitalarm : Alarm Capacity : Integer

53 Collaboration Diagram Link Object Object : Window color : Color location : Area :Observer:SlidingBarlcon color : Color range : Interval

54 Collaboration Diagram Message System Objects Message Message Object Tutor / Teacher : Person / Student : Person 1:namesOfTeachers()

55 Collaboration Diagram -

56 Class Diagram

57 Class Diagram - Class Attribute, Operation, Relationship, Attribute Operation

58 Class Diagram - Association has-a Class Association ( ) (Role name) (Multiplicity)

59 Class Diagram - Aggregation a part-of Destroy Destroy Whole Part

60 Class Diagram - Composition a part-of Whole Part

61 Class Diagram - Generalization is-a kind-of

62 Class Diagram - Realization Interface Implementation Class Realization <<interface>> DataStructure StackA

63 Class Diagram - Dependency Client/Server

64 Class Diagram

65 Statechart Diagram (1) Event : Action :

66 Statechart Diagram (2)

67 Statechart Diagram (3) event/action

68 Statechart Diagram (4) Conditions/Arguments/Do

69 Statechart Diagram (5) Chess Game

70 Activity Diagram Workflow Flow chart Activity Activity Decision Swimlane Synchronization Bar

71 Activity Diagram - Activity Workflow ( ) Drive to work

72 Activity Diagram - Decision boolean transitions Calculate Total cost [cost < $50 ] Charge customer s account [cost > $50 ] = Get authorization

73 Activity Diagram - Swimlane Activity Diagram Swimlane Activity

74 Activity Diagram - Synchronization Bar Activity Work Flow Put Filter in Machine Add Water To Reservoir Turn on Machine

75 Component Diagram Execute File, Library, Database Table, File, Document Component Interface Dependency

76 Component Diagram - Component Component

77 Component Diagram - Interface operation

78 Component Diagram - Dependency Software Component Component Component Component Dependency

79 Deployment Diagrams Node computer Memory Connection Components Dependencies

80 Deployment Diagrams

81 Concept of Object Introduction of UML Introduction of RUP Business Modeling Requirements Analysis & Design

82 6 Best Practices Develop Iteratively Manage Requirements Use Component Architecture Model Visually Continuously Verify Quality Manage Change

83 Software Risk

84 Iterative software development

85 Manage requirements traceability. Positioning Needs Use case Test Design, User Documentation traceability

86 Use component-based architecture Component :. Architecture.. Componet based Architecture with layer

87 Visually Model software,

88 Continuously Verify Software Quality Software problems are 100 to 1000 times more costly to find and repair after deployment.

89 Manage Change

90 History Process Plug-in e-business Solutions SPC/PMI Project Management Performance testing Business Engineering Configuration & Change Mgmt Requirements College Rational Unified Process Rational Unified Process Rational Unified Process Rational Unified Process Rational Unified Process Rational Unified Process 4.0 Objectory UI design Data Engineering UML 1.1 SQA Process OMT Booch 1995 Rational Approach UML 0.8 Objectory Process 3.8

91 Process Architecture

92 Features in RUP Iterative and incremental Architecture Centric Use-Case Driven

93 Iterative and Incremental Inception Elaboration Construction Transition Phases U C 1 U C 2 U C 3 orkflows

94 Architecture Centric Software View,.,,,, Software Architecture Multiple Views

95 4+1 View Logical View End User Implementation View Programmers Use Case View Process View System Integrators Deployment View System Engineering,,

96 Use Case Driven Process

97 Models in RUP Roles + Activities + Artifacts Workflow Process component

98 Disciplines in RUP Core Workflows Business modeling, Requirements, Analysis and Design, Implementation, Test, Deployment Support Workflows Project Management, Configuration and change management, Environment

99 Iterative lifecycle Water fall R D C T Iterative lifecycle R D C T R D C T R D C T R D C T R: Requirements Analysis D: Design C: Coding, Unit Testing T: Integration, Test Time

100 Benefit of Iterative Lifecycle Risk..

101 Phases & Milestones Inception Elaboration Construction Transition Time Lifecycle Objective Milestone Lifecycle Architecture Milestone Initial Operational Capability Milestone Product Relea Milestone

102 Inception 10%

103 Lifecycle Objective Milestone, Stakeholder. Requirements.,,..

104 Elaboration 30%

105 Lifecycle Architecture Milestone Vision? Architecture? Risk? Construction phase?

106 Construction Use Case % /

107 Initial Operational Capability Milestone Product release? stakeholder Transition?

108 Transition, (.) 10%

109 Product Release Milestone?.

110 Core Workflow - Business Modeling

111 Core Workflow - Requirements

112 Core Workflow - Analysis & Design,

113 Core Workflow - Implementation (layer) Component Component

114 Core Workflow - Test Component

115 Core Workflow - Deployment,

116 Concept of Object Introduction of UML Introduction of RUP Business Modeling Requirements Analysis & Design

117 Business Modeling? Business Modeling. System Modeling.

118 ..,,..

119 Workflow

120 Business Modeling Business Use Case Model - Business / - Business Actor - Business Use Case Business Object Model - Business Role Things - Business Worker - Business Entity - (Organization Unit)

121 Business Actor (Role) (External entities)

122 Business Use Case Business Actor Workflow

123 Business Worker Business Role Role Worker Realization Business Entity <<business worker>>

124 Business Entity Business Worker Things (ex),

125 Business Use Case Model

126 Business Object Model Business Use Case Realization.

127 Concept of Object Introduction of UML Introduction of RUP Business Modeling Requirements Analysis & Design

128

129 What is a Requirement? : A condition or capability to which a system must perform Quality attributes of a software system Functionality Usability Reliability Performance Supportability

130 What is Requirements Management? Needs Problem Problem Space Features Use Cases and Software Requirements Traceability Solution Space The Product To Be Built Test Procedures Design User Docs

131 Analyze the problem

132 Develop Vision

133 Develop Vision Detail Steps

134 Fish born Diagram Trading price too high/not competitive Poor customer access Losing customers to competition We Need Online Stock Trading Customers want More services Brokers too costly Insufficient trading process

135 Exercise : Develop Vision....(Fish Born Diagram )

136 Find Actor and Use Cases

137 Find Actors & Use Cases Detail Steps. System

138 Actors, Actor

139 Actor,,,

140 Capture a Common Vocabulary

141 Develop Requirements Managements Plan

142 Requirements Types Requirement Type Document Type Document Name Actor TERM REP STRQ FEAT SUPL UC None *.GLS *.RMP *.STR *.VIS *.SUPL *.UCS Actors(in database only) Glossary Reqts. Mgmt. Plan Stakeholder Request Vision Supplementary Specification Use Case Specification

143 Develop Requirement Management Plan Detail Steps Traceability Requirements Attributes Plan.

144 : RequisitePro Requirement Type Attribute Word Traceability matrix

145 Understand Stakeholder Needs

146 Elicit Stakeholders Request

147 Techniques for Eliciting Stakeholder Needs Interviews Role playing Requirements workshop Brainstorming Storyboards Prototypes Business Models

148 Define the System

149 Define the System

150 Develop Vision Detail Step System features features

151 Find Actors and Use Cases

152 Find Actors and Use Cases Detail Steps Outline

153 Use Case Actor Modeling

154 Use Case Actor,,, Actor Use Case,,, Actor Actor Use Case Use Case

155 Use Case Diagram <<include>> <<include>> <<include>> <<extend>>

156 Use Case Model Use Case Diagram + Use Case Report Actors Use Cases Use Case Reports

157 Flows of Events - (1). Actor Use Case. UI. Use Case..

158 Flows of Events (2) Basic Flow. Alternative Flow (Error) Use Case size

159 Use Case Outline Use case name Brief description Basic Flow First step Second step Third step Alternative flow1 Alternative flow2 Alternative flow3

160 Use Case Outline - Example Basic flow Customer logs on Customer selects Get Quote function Customer selects stock trading symbol Get desired quote from Quote System Display quote Customer gets other quotes Customer logs off Alternative Flows A1.Unidentified Trading Customer A2. Quote System Unavailable A3. Quit

161 Manage Scope

162 Prioritize Use Cases

163 Prioritize Use Cases Detail Steps Prioritieze Use Cases Document Use Case View in SAD

164 Manage Dependencies

165 Manage Dependencies Detail Steps Assign Attributes Establish and Verify Traceability

166 Refine the system definition

167 Detail a Use Case & Detail the Software Requirements

168 Detail a Use Case Detail Steps Detail the Flow of Events of the Use Case Structure the Flow of Events of the Use Case Illustrate Relationships with Actors and Other Use Cases Describe the Special Requirements of the Use Case Describe Communication Protocals Describe Preconditions of the Use Case Describe Postconditions of the Use Case Describe Extension Points

169 Detail Step Detail the Software Requirements Detail the Software Requirements Generate Supporting Reports

170 SRS SRS Actors Use Cases Use Case Reports Use-Case Model Supplementary Specification

171 Detailing Use Case <Use Case Name> 1. Brief Description 2. Flow of Events 1. Basic Flow of Events 2. Alternative Flows of Events 3. Special Requiremnts 4. Pre-Conditioin 5. Post-Condition 6. Extension Points 7. Relationship 8. Use-Case Diagrams 9. Other Diagrams/Enclosures

172 Detail Use Case - Example Basic Flow Customer Logs on The use case starts when the Trading Customer logs on. The system validates the customer id and password Customer Selects Get Quote Function The Trading Customer chooses to Get Quote. The system displays the list of securities on which it has quotes Customer Gets Quote The Trading Customer selects from the list of securities or enters the trading symbol for a security. The system sends the trading symbol to the Quote System, and receives the Quote System Response. Customer Logs off The Trading Customer logs off the system. The use cases ends.

173 Detail Use Case - Example Alternative Flows A1 Unidentified Trading Customer In Step1, Customer Logs On, in the Basic flow, if the system determines that the customer id and/or password are not valid A1 Quote System Unavailable In Step3, Customer Gets Quote, in the Basic flow, if the system is unable to communicate with the Quote System, the system A3 Quit The System allows the Trading Customer to quit at any time during the use case. The use case ends Quote System Cannot Locate Information In Step3, Customer Gets Quote, in the Basic Flow, if the Quote System responds that it does not have the requested information

174 Supplementary Specification Non-functional Requirements Usability Reliability Performance Supportability

175 Concept of Object Introduction of UML Introduction of RUP Business Modeling Requirements Analysis & Design

176 . Architecture..

177 Analysis vs Design Analysis Problem Design Solution Operation Attribute Object Lifecycle

178 Architecture System Structure. Architecture,,,.

179 Define Candidate Architecture

180 Architectural Analysis

181 Architectural Analysis Detail Step Define the High-Level Organization of Subsystems Identify Analysis Mechanisms Identify Key Abstraction Create Use-Case Realization

182 Typical Layering Approach

183 Identify Analysis Mechanisms Persistency Communication(IPC and RPC) Message routing Distribution Transaction management Process control and synchronization Security Error detection/handling/reporting Redundancy Legacy Interface

184 Identify Key Abstraction Key Abstraction System handling. Key Abstraction Source Domain knowledge Requirements Glossary Domain Model

185 Describing Analysis Mechanisms

186 Use-Case Analysis =

187 Use-Case Analysis Detail Steps Supplement the Use-Case Description For each use-case realization Find Classes from Use-Case Behavior Distribute Use-Case Behavior to Classes For each resulting analysis classes Describe Attributes and Associations Describe Responsibilities Qualify Analysis Mechanisms Unify Analysis Classes

188 Analysis Class Responsibility Attribute Relation 3 Stereo type - Boundary Class, Control Class, Entity Class

189 System 3 Interface Part Control Part Control Part Store Part

190 Stereotype and Class Interface Part <<boundary>> Control Part Control Part <<Control>> Store Part <<Entity>>

191 Boundary Class <<Boundary>>

192 Control Class Use Case Event Use Case <<Control>>

193 Entity Class <<Entity>>

194 Use Case Report and Class <<boundary>> <<Control>> <<boundary>> <<Entity>> <<Entity>>

195 Use Case Realization Use Case Use Case object Use Case flow interaction

196 Use Case Realization Diagram Realization Traceability Use-Case Model Analysis & Design Model

197 Sequence Diagram - (1) Sequence Sequence Logical View Use Case

198 Sequence Diagram - (2) Sequence Diagram Object Class Object Name Object Name and Class Name : Object Name :

199 Sequence Diagram - (3) Object:Class Message Time Lifeline Focus of control

200 Sequence Diagram - (4) - Diagram Note, Script - Diagram

201 Collaboration Diagram Object Link

202 Interaction Diagram (1) Interaction Diagram Sequence Diagram Collaboration Diagram

203 Interaction Diagram (2) Sequence Diagram - - Collaboration Diagram - -

204 Class Diagram Class Class Method, Attribute Class Name2 -Attributes Class Name1 -Attributes +Methods -Methods Class Name3 -Attributes #Methods + : public - : private # : protected

205 Relationships (Association) (Aggregation) Composition (Dependency) (Inheritance) Reflexive

206 (Association) Class Multiplicity 1 0..n 0 1..n ,9

207 (Aggregation) ( has-a ) Member Class

208 Multilevel aggregation

209 Association Class

210 - (Aggregation) Aggregation Association

211 (Dependency)

212 (Interaction Diagram). Interation Diagram Class Diagram

213 Reflexive

214 Inheritance (1) ( is-a-kind-of )

215 Inheritance (2) Generalization (Encapsulation) SuperClass Specialization Superclass Subclass

216 Inheritance (3)

217 Homogenize Class Class Class

218 Homogenize Use Case Class,,.

219 Class. Logic Control Class Control Class.

220 Class Class. Attribute.

221 Class Class Class Use case Control Class

222 Refine the Architecture

223 Identify Design Elements

224 Identify Design Elements Detail Steps Identify classes and subsystems Identify subsystem interfaces

225 Incorporate Existing Design Elements

226 Incorporate Existing Design Elements Detail Steps Identify Reuse Opportunities Update the organization of the design model

227 Identify Design Mechanisms

228 Identify Design Mechanisms Detail Steps Categorize Clients of Analysis Mechanisms Inventory the Implementation Mechanisms Map Design Mechanisms to Implementation Mechanisms Document Architectural Mechanisms

229 Describe Run-Time Architecture

230 Describe Run-Time Architecture Detail Steps Analyze concurrency requirements Identify processes and threads Identify process lifecycles Map processes onto the Implementation Distribute model elements among process

231 Describe Distribution

232 Describe Distributions Detail Steps Define the Network Configuration Allocate Processes to Nodes

233 Design Components

234 Use-Case Design

235 Use Case Design Detail Steps Describe interaction between design objects Simplify sequence diagrams using subsystems Describe persistence related behavior Refine the flow of events description Unify classes and subsystems

236 Subsystem Design

237 Subsystem Design Detail Steps Distribute subsystem behavior to subsystem elements Document subsystem elements Describe subsystem dependencies

238 Class Design

239 Class Design - Detail Steps Create Initial Design Classes Define operations Define Methods Define States Define Attributes Define Dependencies Define Associations Define Generalizations Resolve Use-Case Collisions Handle Non-Functional Requirements in General

UML

UML Introduction to UML Team. 5 2014/03/14 원스타 200611494 김성원 200810047 허태경 200811466 - Index - 1. UML이란? - 3 2. UML Diagram - 4 3. UML 표기법 - 17 4. GRAPPLE에 따른 UML 작성 과정 - 21 5. UML Tool Star UML - 32 6. 참조문헌