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1 Original Article PROGRESS in MEDICAL PHYSICS Vol. 25, No. 4, December, A Study of Various Filter Setups with FBP Reconstruction for Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Haeng-Hwa Lee*, Ye-seul Kim*, Youngjin Lee*, Sunghoon Choi*, Seungwan Lee*, Hye-Suk Park*, Hee-Joung Kim*, Jae-Gu Choi, Young-Wook Choi Departments of *Radiological Convergence Engineering, Radiological Science, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI), Ansan, Korea Recently, digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) has been investigated to overcome the limitation of conventional mammography for overlapping anatomical structures and high patient dose with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). However incomplete sampling due to limited angle leads to interference on the neighboring slices. Many studies have investigated to reduce artifacts such as interference. Moreover, appropriate filters for tomosynthesis have been researched to solve artifacts resulted from incomplete sampling. The primary purpose of this study is finding appropriate filter scheme with FBP reconstruction for DBT system to reduce artifacts. In this study, we investigated characteristics of various filter schemes with simulation and prototype digital breast tomosynthesis under same acquisition parameters and conditions. We evaluated artifacts and noise with profiles and COV (coefficinet of variation) to study characteristic of filter. As a result, the noise with parameter 0.25 of Spectral filter reduced by 10% in comparison to that with only Ramp-lak filter. Because unbalance of information reduced with decreasing B of Slice thickness filter, artifacts caused by incomplete sampling reduced. In conclusion, we confirmed basic characteristics of filter operations and improvement of image quality by appropriate filter scheme. The results of this study can be utilized as base in research and development of DBT system by providing information that is about noise and artifacts depend on various filter schemes. Key Words: Digital breast tomosynthesis, FBP reconstruction, Spectral filter, Slice thickness filter, Noise, Interference 서 최근유방암은한국여성의암중발병률 2위를차지하고있으며, 2013년여성사망자의암중사망률 5위에해당한다는통계가발표된바있다. 1) 유방암의 5년생존율은 0기암의경우 100% 에가까우나 4기의경우 20% 미만이다. 그러므로유방암의생존율을향상시킬수있는가장좋은방법은증상이없을때조기발견하는것이다. 우리나라 This research was financially supported by the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE), Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology (KIAT) and Gangwon Institute for Regional Program Evaluation (GWIRPE) through the Economic and Regional Cooperation Industry. Received 8 December 2014, Revised 17 December 2014, Accepted 19 December 2014 Correspondence: Hee-Joung Kim (hjk1@yonsei.ac.kr) Tel: , Fax: cc This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 론 여성의경우유방에지방조직이적고치밀한유선조직이많아디지털유방촬영술 (digital mammography, DM) 만으로검사가불충분하다. 이는 3차원물체를통과한 X-선이 2차원평면으로영상화하여물체의깊이에대한정보를손실하기때문이다. 디지털유방단층영상합성장치 (digital breast tomosynthesis, DBT) 는 X-선관이제한된각도로회전을하면서얻은영상을 3차원으로재구성하여, 디지털유방촬영기기에비해물체의깊이정보를획득할수있다. 이로인해오진율을줄일수있을뿐만아니라, 유방에대한과한압박이없어환자의통증을최소화시킬수있는장점이있다. 2,3) 또한유방 CT (breast computed tomography) 보다는깊이정보는떨어지나저선량으로 3-D 영상을획득할수있다. 이러한 DBT 시스템에서사용되는영상재구성방법은크게역투영개념의 SAA (shift-and-add) 방법과필터링후역투영 (filtered backprojection, FBP), 반복적영상재구성 (iterative image reconstrucion) 방법이있다. 4-6) 일반적으로 DBT
2 Haeng-Hwa Lee, et al:a Study of Various Filter Setups with FBP Reconstruction for Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Fig. 1. (a) Photo and (b) schematic illustration of digital breast tomosynthesis system. 시스템에서 3-D 영상을획득하기위해 FBP 알고리즘을이용하는데, 6,7) CT와는다르게제한된각도에서영상을획득하기때문에급격한데이터결핍부분이발생되며, 이러한결핍된데이터는영상에서다른층의간섭으로인한인공물 (artifacts) 을유발시킨다. 이를완화하기위해적절한필터가필요하다. 8,9) 본논문에서는 DBT 시스템에서 FBP 알고리즘을이용하여영상재구성시발생되는인공물을줄이기위해다양한필터들의특성이화질에미치는영향을분석하고, 이를기반으로실제프로토타입 DBT 시스템을이용하여유방팬텀영상을다양한필터조합들을적용하여재구성한영상을분석비교함으로써적절한필터를찾고자한다. Table 1. Specification of used DBT system. Parameter Value X-ray Tube Mode Step and shoot Motion Arch FDD (focus-detector distance) mm COR (center of rotation) 33 mm Flat panel Dimension mm 2 detector Matrix sixe Pixel pitch mm Total angle range ±21 Reconstruction Number of projection 15 Slice thickness 1 mm FBP ima. Dim 재료및방법 1. 3차원 DBT 시스템본연구에서프로토타입의 3차원 DBT 시스템 (KERI DBT system, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Korea) 을사용하여영상을촬영하였다 (Fig. 1). 사용된 DBT 시스템은 Table 1과같은사양이며, 동일한조건으로얻은프로젝션으로영상재구성을수행하였다. DBT 시스템의 X-선관은최대 ±25 o 범위에서촬영이가능하며아치형으로움직인다. 선원-검출기간거리 (focus-detector distance, FDD) 는 mm이고 X-선관의회전중심 (center of rotation, COR) 은검출기로부터 33 mm이다. 본연구에서는회전각도가 ±21 o 범위에서약 3 o 씩회전하며얻은총 15장의영상을 FBP 알고리즘을사용하여재구성하였다. 2. 시뮬레이션본연구에서는 MATLAB R (R2014b, MathWorks, USA) 프로그램을이용하여시뮬레이션공간에서필터들의특성을조사하기위해아래와같은팬텀을구현하였다 (Fig. 2a). 이팬텀은 mm 3 의크기를가지며, 크기가 mm 3 인복셀을 으로매트릭스를구성했다. 이팬텀내의 25번째와 26번째슬라이스에볼이위치하고있으며, 볼의지름은 2 mm이다. 볼이위치한슬라이스를내면 (in-plane) 이라하며, 볼이위치하지않은슬라이스를외면
3 PROGRESS in MEDICAL PHYSICS Vol. 25, No. 4, December, 2014 (out-of-plane) 이라한다. 분광필터 (spectral filter) 의영향을확인하기위해다양한필터조합으로재구성된내면의영상과프로파일을비교하였다. 절편두께필터 (slice thickness filter) 가다른층의간섭현상을완화시켜줄수있는지확인하기위해내면과외면의영상및프로파일을이용하여비교평가하였다. 프로파일은 Fig. 2b와같이 X-선관이움직이는방향으로볼의가운데선을따라획득하였다. 3. 유방팬텀실제 DBT 시스템에서필터특성을분석하기위해균일한조직의유방팬텀중하나인 CIRS (Computerized Imaging Reference Systems) Mammography research set (012A 모델 ) 을이용하였다. 본연구에서사용된 012A 모델팬텀은 1장의평판은두께가 10 mm로, 총 5장의평판을사용하였다. 이유방팬텀은 50% 의유선율을가지는유방조직과같은등가물질로이루어져있으며, 여러장의균일한평판들중에는미세석회화 (micro-calcification), 지방 (fat), 섬유 (fiber), 종괴 (mass) 등이포함된 1장의평판이포함되어있다. 영상 재구성시미세석회화, 지방, 섬유조직, 종괴등이포함된슬라이스가내면을의미한다. 분광필터의값에따른영상화질을비교하기위해내면의미세석회화, 지방의영상화질을비교하였다. 절편두께필터에대한특성을분석하기위해서내면의공간분해능분석패턴부분과외면에서의공간분해능분석패턴영역의영상을비교평가하였다. 4. FBP 알고리즘본연구에서는 DBT 시스템의영상재구성을위해 FBP 알고리즘을이용하였다. 퓨리에박편 (Fourier slice) 이론에따라획득한영상데이터를퓨리에변환을통해획득시 X-선관의각도와데이터들의성분을주파수공간에표현할수있다 (Fig. 3a). 5,8) 역투영에서나타나는잔상이나인공물은필터링을통해완화시킬수있으며, 단층영상합성법의필터링에필요한필터는다음과같이표현된다 ) (1) Fig. 2. (a) A schematic illustration of simulated phantom and (b) in-plane and out-of plane of ball phantom. Fig. 3. (a) Sampled region in the frequency domain by the Fourier slice theorem, and (b) a schematic illustration of slice thickness filter in z-direction frequency that can be used to improve artifacts resulted from missing data
4 Haeng-Hwa Lee, et al:a Study of Various Filter Setups with FBP Reconstruction for Digital Breast Tomosynthesis 여기서 와, 는각각 Ramplak 필터와분광필터, 절편두께필터를의미한다. 투영-역투영과정에서선원의동심원구동으로인하여주파수공간에서반경의역수로표현되는인공물을보정하기위해필요한필터는다음과같다. (2) 이와같은 Ramp-lak 필터는과잉으로중첩된저주파영역의정보를효과적으로보상하여흐려짐등의인공물을효과적으로제거할수있는반면, 고주파영역에서나타나는잡음을강조하는현상이나타난다. 14) Ramp-lak 필터의이러한단점을해결하기위해분광필터의일종인 Hann 윈도우를사용하였다. (3) 로획득한영상데이터를획득하므로주파수공간에서축을중심으로방향으로의급격한데이터결핍이발생된다 (Fig. 3b). 주파수공간에서데이터의결핍은단층영상에서발생하는흐려짐의주된원인이되며다른층의간섭으로인한인공물을유발시킨다. 위의분광필터와같은디자인의 Hann 윈도우를 방향으로적용함으로써이러한인공물을경감시킬수있으며, 이필터를절편두께필터라부른다. (4) 여기서파라미터 B는 축으로의주파수대역을조절할수있다. DBT 시스템의영상재구성시필터링에필요한필터들중분광필터, 절편두께필터가영상의화질에미치는영향을평가하기위해 8가지의필터조합을사용하였다. 본논 이식에서 A는 축으로의주파수대역을조절하는파라미터이다. 디지털단층영상합성기법에서는제한된각도 Table 2. Summary of used reconstruction filter schemes. Reconstruction filter schemes Filter scheme 1 Filter scheme 2, A=1 Filter scheme 3, A=0.5 Filter scheme 4, A=0.25 Filter scheme 5, A=1 Filter scheme 6, A=1, B=1 Filter scheme 7, A=1, B=0.2 Filter scheme 8, A=1, B=0.12 Fig. 5. Profiles through line #25 of reconstructed slice #25 with different spectral filters. Fig. 4. Reconstructed images of ball phantom with filter scheme (a) 1, (b) 2, (c) 3, and (d)
5 PROGRESS in MEDICAL PHYSICS Vol. 25, No. 4, December, 2014 문에서사용된재구성필터조합은 Table 2와같다. 필터조합 1부터 4는분광필터의특성을확인하기위해사용했다. 분광필터가 Ramp-lak 필터에의한영향을완화시킬수있는지분석하기위해재구성된 3차원영상의내면영상을비교했으며, 프로파일을분석하였다. 필터조합 5부터 8은절편두께필터의특성을확인하기위해사용했다. 절편두께필터가다른층의간섭으로인한인공물을완화시킬수있는지확인하기위해내면과외면의영상과프로파일을비교분석하였다. 실제 DBT 시스템에서분광필터의특성을분석하기위해노이즈를평가하는방법중하나인 COV (coefficient of variation) 를식 (5) 를이용하여계산했다. 15) (5) 식 (5) 에서 와 는팬텀의백그라운드 (background) 에 픽셀로된관심영역 (region of interest, ROI) 에서각각표준편차와평균픽셀값이다. 결과 1. 시뮬레이션결과분광필터, 절편두께필터의효과를확인하기위해볼팬텀 (Fig. 2) 을이용하였다. Fig. 4는시뮬레이션공간에서필터조합 1부터 4에따라재구성한볼팬텀의영상 (in-plane, 25번째슬라이스 ) 을보여준다. 이결과는분광필터의효과를보여주는데, 분광필터의파라미터 A값이줄어들수록볼팬텀의선예도와강도가감소하였다. Fig. 5는 Fig. 4에서획득한 25번째슬라이스에서볼팬텀의선을따라얻은프로파일이다. 필터조합 1의프로파일에서픽셀값이음수인부분은 Ramp-lak 필터에의한영향을의미한다. 7,10) 분광필터의파라미터 A값이줄어들수록전체적인픽셀값이감소하고, 볼의경계부분에존재하는픽셀값들이음수에서 0으로다가간다. Fig. 6는절편두께필터의영향을보여주기위한실험결과로, 필터조합 5부터 8을이용하여재구성하였다. Fig. 6a, b, c와 d는각각필터조합 5, 6, 7와 8로재구성된영상으로볼팬텀의 25번째슬라이스 (in-plane) 와 33번째슬라이스 (outof-plane) 을보여주고있다. Fig. 7는 Fig. 6에서획득한 25번째슬라이스 (out-of-plane) Fig. 6. Reconstructed images of ball phantom with filter scheme (a) 5, (b) 6, (c) 7, and (d) 8. The in-plane slices through the balls center, and the out-of-planes with distance of 8 mm were shown
6 Haeng-Hwa Lee, et al:a Study of Various Filter Setups with FBP Reconstruction for Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Fig. 7. Profiles through line #25 of reconstructed slice #25 and #33 with filter scheme (a) 5, (b) 6, (c) 7, and (d) 8. The normalized profiles in the slice #25 through the object (z=0) were drawn with black lines, the profiles for the slice #33 (Z=8 mm) with red lines. 와 33번째슬라이스 (in-plane) 의 25번째선에서획득한프로파일을보여준다. 내면과외면의프로파일을비교하기위해내면의프로파일로외면의프로파일을정규화하여픽셀값을표현하였다. 2. 프로토타입 DBT 시스템의결과 Fig. 8는프로토타입 DBT 시스템으로 Model 012A 유방팬텀을재구성한영상이다. 필터조합 1부터 4를이용하여획득한영상들을비교함으로써분광필터의특성을확인하였다. 잡음이감소하는것을정량적으로확인하기위해팬텀의백그라운드에 픽셀로된관심영역 (region of interest, ROI) 에서의 COV를 Table 3에나타냈다. Fig. 9는 DBT 시스템에서유방팬텀을필터조합 5부터 8 을이용하여재구성한결과이다. 재구성된 3-D 영상은 50 개의슬라이스로되어있으며, 미세석회화, 종괴, 공간분해 능분석패턴이포함된내면의위치는 17번째였다. Fig. 9 에서의외면의위치는 25번째슬라이스로내면 (z=0 mm) 보다 +8 mm 위에위치한다. 고찰및결론 DBT 시스템에서 FBP 알고리즘으로영상재구성시, 분광필터와절편두께필터의영향을확인하기볼팬텀의시뮬레이션과실제시스템을이용하였다. 시뮬레이션에서분광필터의영향을확인하기위해분광필터의파라미터 A값을조절하여주파수영역에서의 cut-off frequency를설정하였다. 분광필터의파라미터 A값이줄어든다는의미를공간도메인에서보았을때물결파동현상이적어지고흐려지는것을의미한다. 이러한이유로재구성된볼팬텀의내면 (25번째슬라이스 ) 에서파라미터 A값이줄어들수록볼팬
7 PROGRESS in MEDICAL PHYSICS Vol. 25, No. 4, December, 2014 Fig. 8. Central slices of breast phantom reconstructed with filter scheme (a) 1, (b) 2, (c) 3, and (d) 4. Table 3. COV of backgroud in reconsteucted image. Filter ρ μ COV (%) Filter scheme Filter scheme Filter scheme Filter scheme 텀의선예도와강도가감소하였다 (Fig. 4). Fig. 5는 Fig. 4의영상에서 X-선관이움직이는방향을따라영상의중앙에서획득한프로파일이다. 필터조합 1은 Ramp-lak 필터만으로구성된필터조합으로, Ramp-lak 필터를공간도메인에서고려했을때물결파동현상에의한영향을재구성된영상의프로파일에서도확인이가능하다. 분광필터의파라미터 A 값이줄어들수록 Ramp-lak 필터에의한영향이줄어드는것을확인할수있었다. Fig. 6, 7은절편두께필터에의한영향을확인하기위해획득한볼팬텀의재구성영상과프로파일이다. 절편두께필터는 축과 축방향의정보들의불균형을줄여줌으 로써단층영상에서발생하는흐려짐이나다른층의간섭으로인한인공물을감소시킬수있다. Fig. 6a의외면에서는인공물이두개로분리되어인공물이영상에나타나는것을확인할수있다. 이에비해 Fig. 6c나 Fig. 6d의외면에서는두개로분리되어보이던인공물이하나로보이는것을확인할수있었다. 이는절편두께필터로 cut-off freuquency 영역을조절함으로써다른슬라이스에대한간섭이줄어드는것으로보인다. Fig. 6에서획득한영상에서각각볼을지나는선을따라프로파일을획득하여 Fig. 7로나타냈다. 프로파일은각각의영상의내면을기준으로외면을정규화해서나타내었다. Fig. 7a에서는 33번째슬라이스에서다른층에대한인공물이두개로분리되어보인다. Fig. 7b는 a 와큰차이는보이지않으나 Fig. 7d로갈수록 33번째슬라이스에서의아티팩트가균일하게퍼진다. 결과적으로적절한절편두께필터의파라미터를사용하면다른층의간섭을줄일수있음을알수있다. 하지만모든외면에서인공물이보이는것을확인할수있었다. 볼팬텀의시뮬레이션을통한다양한필터들의조합을실제프로토타입 DBT 시스템을이용하여획득한유방팬
8 Haeng-Hwa Lee, et al A Study of Various Filter Setups with FBP Reconstruction for Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Fig. 9. The reconstructed images of breast phantom. The in-planes (slice #17) reconstructed with filter scheme (a) 5, (c) 6, (e) 7, and (g) 8. The out-of-planes (slice #25) reconstructed with filter scheme (b) 5, (d) 6, (f) 7, and (h)
9 PROGRESS in MEDICAL PHYSICS Vol. 25, No. 4, December, 2014 텀의 3-D 영상재구성에적용해보았다. 필터조합 1의경우 Ramp-lak 필터에의해고주파영역에서나타나는잡음이강조된것을확인할수있다. 분광필터의파라미터 A를조절하여획득한재구성영상결과는볼팬텀의시뮬레이션의결과와비슷하게 Ramp-lak필터에의한영향을줄일수있었다 (Fig. 8). 실제시스템에서획득한영상에서는분광필터를적용하지않은경우는 COV 값이약 195% 였으며, 분광필터를적용한경우는 COV 값이약 97% 로감소한것을확인할수있었다. 또분광필터의파라미터인자값들이 0.5와 0.25일때는각각 COV 값이약 46% 와약 20% 였다. 분광필터의파라미터인자들을조절하여잡음이감소함으로써미세석회화, 지방등의영상화질이개선되었다. Fig. 9 은절편두께필터의영향을확인하기위해획득한유방팬텀의 17번째슬라이스와 30번째슬라이스이다. 파라미터 B가작아질수록 30번째슬라이스에공간분해능분석패턴이퍼지는길이가줄어들면서슬라이스간의데이터간섭이완화되는것을확인할수있다. 유방팬텀의다양한필터조합을적용하여재구성한결과는볼팬텀의시뮬레이션의결과와비슷하였다. 본연구에서는단층영상합성법에이용되는분광필터와절편두께필터가재구성시영상에미치는영향을확인하기위해시뮬레이션과실제프로토타입디지털유방단층영상합성시스템을이용하였다. 그결과분광필터의파라미터 A를조절하여 의주파수대역을설정함으로써영상의잡음과공간해상도를조절할수있었다. 또한절편두께필터를이용하여제한된각도에서영상획득으로인한인공물을감소시킬수있었다. 본연구는 DBT 시스템에서잡음과데이터결핍에의한인공물을줄이기위한다양한필터조합에대한정보를제공함으로써 DBT 시스템기초연구및임상적용에활용도가높을것으로기대된다. References 1. National Cancer Information Center: go.kr (2009) 2. Smith A: Full field breast tomosynthesis, Radiol Manage, Vol. 27 (2005), pp Kim Ys, Park HS, Choi JG, et al: Comparison of digital mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis, Prog Med Phys, Vol. 23 (2012), pp Shon CS, Cho MK, Limv CH, Cheong MH, Kim HK, Lee SS: Enhancement of image sharpness in x-ray digital tomosynthesis using self-layer subtraction backprojection method, Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing, Vol. 27(2007), pp Lauritch L, Haerer WH: A theoretical framework for filtered backprojection in tomosynthesis. SPIE, Vol (1998) 6. Dobbins III JT, Godfrey DJ: Digital x-ray tomosynthesis : currect state of the art and clinical potenctial. Phys. Med. Biol, 48, R65 (2003) 7. Sechopoulos I: A review of breast tomosynthesis. Part Ⅱ. Image reconstruction, processing and analysus, and advanced applications. Med. Phys., 40(1), (2013) 8. Mertelmeier T, Orman J, Haerer WH, Dudam MK: Optimizing filtered backprojection reconstruction for a breast tomosynthesis prototype device. SPIE, Vol F (2006) 9. Hu YH, Zhao B, Zhao W: Image artifacts in digital breast tomosynthesis : Investigation of the effects of system geometry and reconstruction parameters using a linear system approach. Med. Phys., 35, 5242 (2008) 10. Youn H, Kim JS, Cho MK, Jang SY, Song WY, Kim HK: Optimizing imaging conditions in digital tomosynthesis for image-guided radiation therapy, Korean J Med Phys, Vol. 21(3) (2010) 11. Cong L, Zhao W, Chen Y: Effects of slice thickness filter in filtered backprojection reconstruction with the parallel breast tomosynthesis imaging configuration. Proc. IEEE-International Symposium on Intelligent Biological Medicaine (2011) 12. Oh JE, Cho HS, Kim DS, Choi SI, Je UK: Application of digital tomosynthesis of optimal deblurring filters for dental X-ray imaging. JKPS (2012), p Mertelmeier T: Filtered backprojection-based methods for tomosynthesis image reconstruction. I. Reier, S. J. Glick : Tomosynthesis imaging, Taylor & Francis, New York (2014), pp Gonzalez RC, Woods RE: Digital imaging processing : international edition, 3rd, Pearson Eduation, NJ (2002) 15. Lee S, Lee CL, Cho HM, et al: Effects of reconstruction parameters on image noise and spatial resolution in cone-beam computed tomography, JKPS, Vol. 59 (2011) pp
10 Haeng-Hwa Lee, et al:a Study of Various Filter Setups with FBP Reconstruction for Digital Breast Tomosynthesis 디지털유방단층영상합성법의 FBP 알고리즘적용을위한다양한필터조합에대한연구 연세대학교보건과학대학 * 방사선융합공학과, 방사선학과, 안산한국전기연구원 이행화 * ㆍ김예슬 * ㆍ이영진 * ㆍ최성훈 * ㆍ이승완 * ㆍ박혜숙 * ㆍ김희중 * ㆍ최재구 ㆍ최영욱 최근에디지털유방촬영술 (digital mammography, DM) 의해부학적구조의겹침현상과컴퓨터단층촬영영상 (computed tomography, CT) 의높은환자선량을해결하기위해디지털유방단층영상합성장치 (digital breast tomosynthesis, DBT) 에대한연구개발이활발하게수행되고있다. 하지만 DBT 시스템은제한된각도로영상을획득하면서급격한데이터결핍으로인해다른층의간섭으로인한인공물 (artifacts) 이발생한다. 이를완화시키기위해적절한필터가필요하다. 본논문에서는 DBT 시스템에서 FBP 알고리즘을이용하여영상재구성시발생되는인공물을줄이기위해적절한필터조합을찾는것이궁극적인목적이다. 시뮬레이션과실제실험을통해동일한영상획득조건에서 FBP 알고리즘을이용해재구성된영상을분석하여다양한필터조합들의특성을조사했다. 필터특성에대한평가를하기위해영상및프로파일의분석과 COV (coefficient of variation) 를이용하여인공물과잡음에대한평가를하였다. 본연구결과를통해분광필터 (spectral filter) 의파라미터인자값들을조절하여 cut-off frequency를설정함으로써고주파영역에있는영상의잡음을줄일수있었다. DBT 시스템에서유방팬텀을재구성한영상들을비교했을때분광필터의파라미터인자를 0.25로적용한영상의결과는분광필터를적용하지않았을때보다영상의잡음을 10% 로감소시킬수있었다. 절편두께필터 (slice thickness filter) 의파라미터인자의값들을조절하여정보들의불균형을줄임으로써다른층의간섭으로인한인공물을감소시킬수있었다. 결론적으로, 본연구를통해 FBP 알고리즘으로재구성했을때필터들의기본특성을확인할수있었으며, 적절한필터조합이실제화질개선에기여한것으로확인할수있었다. 이연구결과는다양한필터조합에따른잡음과데이터결핍에의한인공물에대한정보를제공하여 DBT 시스템의개발및임상화적용연구에기반이될것으로기대된다. 중심단어 : 디지털유방단층영상합성법, 필터링후역투영, 분광필터, 절편두께필터, 잡음, 간섭현상
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