Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.5, No.4, August (2015), pp

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1 Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.5, No.4, August (2015), pp 청소년의비만에영향을미치는요인 지영주 김윤지 요약 본연구는한국청소년비만에영향을미치는요인을파악하기위한서술적조사연구로 년국민건강영양조사자료의일부분을 차분석한것으로 명의자료가분석에이용되었다 통계프로그램을이용하여기술통계 상관분석 회귀분석을하였다 분석결과참가자의 가비만으로나타났으며청소년의비만은성별 나이 주관적체형인지 년간체중조절여부 평생음주경험 하루평균수면시간 담배한두모금피운경험과일주일운동이상관관계가있었다 이들변수를회귀분석한결과성별 나이 주관적체형인지와 년간체중조절여부가예측요인으로밝혀졌으며 형성된회귀모형의종속변수에대한설명력은 이였다 따라서청소년을대상으로비만교육시에 년간체중조절여부 성별과연령에따른비만교육이필요할것이며비만에있어서주관적체형인지와같은정신건강의중요성에대한교육내용이꼭포함되어야한다고본다 핵심어 성별 나이 체형인지 음주 흡연 Abstract In this paper is a secondary analysis using raw data from the Korea Health Statistics 2013: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Total of 572 subjects were included in the analysis. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regression with SPSS/Win 21.0 program. Results of the analysis reported that the prevalence of obesity was 20.01%. The study confirmed that it has correlations with gender, age, body shape perception, how an individual adolescent has controlled one s weight over the last one year, if the individual has ever drunk alcoholic beverages, how many hours one would sleep a day on average, if one has smoked once in a while and how often one would exercise per week. The above mentioned dependent factors were explicable causes of 66.9% of adolescent obesity according to the logistic model. In the light of that, the study now suggests that when any relevant fields try to educate adolescents on obesity, they should teach the adolescents differently depending on how an individual adolescent has controlled one s weight over the last one year, gender and age and in addition, that during the obesity education, the adolescents should be also led to see significance of mental health Received (May 26, 2015), Review Request(May 27, 2015), Review Result(June 10, 2015) Accepted(July 01, 2015), Published(August 31, 2015) ISSN: AJMAHS Copyright 2015 HSST 227

2 such as body shape perception. Keywords : Gender, Age, Body shape perception, Drinking, Smoking 서론 연구의필요성 세계보건기구 의조사에따르면소아청소년비만이전세계비만인구의 를차지하고있으며 우리나라도식생활의서구화와신체활동의부족등으로인해비만유병률이지속적으로증가하고있다 국민건강영양조사결과에따르면 세이하청소년의비만율은전체의 를차지하며 이중남자청소년의경우 여자청소년은 가비만으로나타나건강을위협하는개인의문제를넘어사회문제로부각되고있다 비만은예방이가능한질병임에도불구하고증가하고있으며 특히청소년의비만은고지혈증 고혈압등의심혈관질환의위험요인이될뿐만아니라당뇨병 대사증후군등의각종성인병의원인이되어비만으로인한사회경제적비용도지속적으로증가하고있다 또한 비만청소년들은부정적인자기신체상 친구들과소외감등으로정신적스트레스에시달리는경우가많고이로인해낮은자존감 우울 대인관계기피등의심리적사회적문제에노출되기쉬워개인의정신적건강과삶의질에영향을미치는위험요인으로작용하고있다 청소년기는신체적 정신적으로많은성장과발육을하는시기이므로성인기에시작된비만보다문제가훨씬심각하고 이처럼청소년기의비만은개인의신체적 정신적건강뿐만아니라사회적문제의증가로심각성을야기되므로청소년비만에영향을미치는위험인자를인지하는것이필요하다 청소년기비만에대한선행연구들을살펴보면 등의연구에서청소년에게있어서남학생이여학생보다 학년이올라갈수록비만한것으로나타났으며 비만청소년일수록자신의체중에대한만족도가그렇지않은청소년보다낮은것으로나타났다 등은청소년기에자신을과체중이나비만으로인식할수록식이조절을하는경우가많다고하였으며 등도비만군여학생이그렇지않은여학생보다체중조절을더많이시도한다고하였다 등은좌식생활의정도에따라청소년비만유병율이증가한다고하였으며 등은청소년에서짧은수면시간이체질량지수의증가와관련있다고하였다 음주및흡연과비만과의관계에대한연구에서과량의음주가비만의위험도를높일수있으며 흡연자의체질량지수와상관관계를보였다 비록우리나라청소년의음주및흡연율이감소하고있으나위험음주율과흡연율은증가하고있는실정이나 현재국내에서는청소년의음주와흡연유무가비만에영향을미치는연구는미비한실정이다 이에본연구는청소년기의잠재적인비만유병률을조사하고기존의연구에서주관적체형 평균수면시간 체중조절여부 신체활동 음주 흡연등의밝혀진폭넓은관련변인들을이용하여비만 228 Copyright 2015 HSST

3 Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.5, No.4, August (2015) 에어떠한영향을미치는지에대하여연구하여비만중재연구의기초자료를제공하고자실시되었 다 연구방법 연구설계 본연구는청소년의비만을예측하기위한서술적조사연구로 년국민건강영양조사원시 자료를이용하고자원시자료이용신청후승인을받아연구목적에맞게분석한 차연구이다 연구대상 본연구의표본크기는 을사용하였고 유의수준 보통수준의효과크기 검정 력 설명변수 개를적용시켜구해진표본수는 명으로본연구의대상자수인 명은충 분하였다 연구도구 조사대상의일반적트성을파악하기위하여성별 나이 주관적체형인지 비만도등을분석하였으며비만과관련있는변수를파악하기위해 년간체중조절여부 평생음주경험 하루평균수면시간 담배한두모금피운경험과일주일운동시간을분석하였다 각영역별설문문항은각각의분과자문위원회를통해개발되었으며 사용된구체적인조사항목과내용은등의 에자세히기술되어있다 자료분석 본연구자료는 프로그램을이용하여분석하였으며 유의수준 에서양측검정을하였다 대상자의일반적특성과비만관련특성은백분율 평균과표준편차등기술통계로분석하였다 청소년의비만과관련변수와의상관관계는 으로분석하였고 청소년의비만관련예측인자는다중회귀분석 을이용하여규명하였다 ISSN: AJMAHS Copyright 2015 HSST 229

4 3. 연구결과 청소년의일반적특성및비만관련특성 대상자의일반적특성및비만관련특성은표 과같다 성별은남학생이 명 여학생이 명으로남학생과여학생의비율이거의비슷하였으며나이는 세가 명으로가장많았고 세가 명으로가장적었다 주관적체형인지의평균은 점으로대상자들은보통보다는비만하다고느끼는것으로나타났다 지난 년간체중조절여부는감소노력이 명으로가장많았고 음주경험은없는경우가음주경험이있는경우의 배이상을차지하였다 하루평균수면시간은 시간이었고 담배를한두모금피운경험은피우지않은경험의 배이상이었다 일주일간의운동은평균 시간으로나타났으며대상자의비만도평균은 로나타났다 표 일반적특성및비만관련특성 항목 구분 빈도 평균표준편차 성별 남 여 나이 매우마른편 약간마른편 주관적체형인지 보통 약간비만 매우비만 체중감소노력 년간체중조절여부 체중유지노력 체중증가노력 체중조절노력없음 평생음주경험 없다 있다 230 Copyright 2015 HSST

5 Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.5, No.4, August (2015) 하루평균수면시간 담배한두모금피운경험 없다 있다 일주일운동 비만도 청소년의비만도와변수들과의상관관계 대상자의비만도와변수들과의상관관계는표 와같다 대상자의성별 나이 주관적체형인지 년간체중조절여부 평생음주경험 하루평균수면시간 담배한두모금피운경험 일주일운동 은비만과유의한상관관계가있어서다중회귀분석에포함되었다 표 청소년의비만도와변수들과의상관관계 항목비만도성별나이주관적체형인지 년간체중조절여부평생음주경험 상관계수유의확률 양쪽 상관계수유의확률 양쪽 상관계수유의확률 양쪽 상관계수유의확률 양쪽 상관계수유의확률 양쪽 상관계수유의확률 양쪽 비만도 ISSN: AJMAHS Copyright 2015 HSST 231

6 하루평균수면시간 담배한두모금피운경험 일주일운동 상관계수유의확률 양쪽 상관계수유의확률 양쪽 상관계수유의확률 양쪽 청소년의비만예측요인 청소년의비만발생에대한예측요인을파악하기위해다중회귀분석을실시한결과는표 과같다 회귀분석결과회귀모형은유의하였고 성별 나이 주관적체형인지 년간체중조절여부의 개변수가비만에유의한예측변인으로나타났다 형성된회귀모형의종속변수에대한설명력은 였다 결국 여학생보다남학생이 나이가많을수록 스스로의체형이비만하다고느낄수록 체중감량시도를한경우에비만의우려가크다고나타났다 표 비만예측요인 변수 β 상수 성별 나이 주관적체형인지 년간체중조절여부 결론 본연구본연구는청소년의비만을예측하기위해 년국민건강영양조사 의원시자료를제공받아 차분석하여청소년의비만관련특성과비만발생의예측요인을파악하고사시행되었다 청소년에게있어서나이가많고 여학생이며 주관적체형인지가비만하다고여기는경우 년간 232 Copyright 2015 HSST

7 Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.5, No.4, August (2015) 체중조절여부의노력이적을수록비만의발생가능성이증가하는것으로예측되어졌다 청소년의 비만은지속적으로증가하는추세이며특히청소년기비만은성인기의비만 대사증후군등만성 질환으로발생할수있는문제의심각성이있으므로청소년을대상으로비만의예방적중재프로 그램이마련될필요가있다 따라서청소년을대상으로비만교육시에 년간체중조절여부 성별 과연령에따른비만교육이필요할것이며비만에있어서주관적체형인지와같은정신건강의중 요성에대한교육내용이꼭포함되어야한다고본다 References [1] Nho HM, Kim CR, Uhm JH, Kim JT, Jin SM, Seo JY, Hahn HW, Park HY, Yoon HS, Ahn YM and Shon KC. The prevalence of obesity and metabolic abnormalities in korean pediatric population. Korean Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. (2009), Vol.12, pp [2] Ministry of Health and Welfare. Korea Health Statistics 2010 : Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-1) [accessed 2015 March 15] Available from: URL: cdc.go.kr/knhanes/index.do [3] Jung Y, Ko S, and Lim H. The Socioeconomic Cost of Adolescent Obesity. Health and Social Welfare Review. (2010), Vol.30, No.1, pp [4] Chung I, and Lee JY. The Impact of Obesity and Satisfaction with Appearance on Self-Esteem in Adolescence Focusing on the Moderating Effect of Gender. Mental Health & Social Work. (2011), Vol.38, PP [5] Jeong ES, Kahng SK and Kim SY, The Effect of Obesity in Youth on Self-Esteem : Focusing on Gender difference. Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies. (2014), Vol.45, No,4, pp [6] Moon JW. The Effect of obesity, depression, self esteem, body image on adolescents' life satisfaction. The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education. (2012), Vol.13, No.2, pp [7] Kim NY, Jeong IS and Kim JS. A Comparative Study on the Self-Efficacy and health Promoting Behavior between Obese and Normal Weight Middle School Students. Journal of Korean Community Nursing. (2001), Vol.12, pp [8] Jee YJ and Kim YH.. Factors Influencing Obesity among Adolescent: Analysis of 2011 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Journal of Korean Society for the Study of Obesity. (2013), Vol.22, No.1, pp [9] Shi, W., Lien, N., Nirmal Kumar, B., and Holmboe-Ottesen, G. (2007) Perceptions of weight and associated factors of adolescents in Jiangsu Province, China. Public Health Nutrition. (2007), Vol.10, No.3, pp [10] Kim HJ and Jang HS. Body Perception, Attitude on Weight-control and Self-Esteem according to the weight group of High School Students in Daegu. Journal of The Korean Association of Practical Arts education. (2009), Vol.21, No.2, pp [11] Thibault H, Contrand B, Saubusse E and Baine Maurice-Tison S. Risk factors for overweight and obesity in French adolescents: Physical activity, sedentary behavior and parental characteristics. Nutrition. (2010), Vol.26, pp ISSN: AJMAHS Copyright 2015 HSST 233

8 [12] Matricciani LA, Olds TS, Blunden S, Rigney G and Williams MT. Never enough sleep: a brief history of sleep recommendations for children. Pediatrics. (2012), Vol.129, pp [13] Kim JH and Chun SS. Association Between Obesity and Patterns of Alcohol Drinking in Korea. Korean public health research. (2014), Vol.40, No.1, pp [14] Korean centers for Disease Control and Prevention. adolescent health behavior survey statistics online. [accessed 2015 March 15] Available from: Copyright 2015 HSST

서론 34 2

서론 34 2 34 2 Journal of the Korean Society of Health Information and Health Statistics Volume 34, Number 2, 2009, pp. 165 176 165 진은희 A Study on Health related Action Rates of Dietary Guidelines and Pattern of