원저 Lab Med Online Vol. 2, No. 1: 10-14, January 임상화학 자동화학분석기에서의라텍스면역비탁법의 Autolab HbA 1c 평가 Evaluation of

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "원저 Lab Med Online Vol. 2, No. 1: 10-14, January 임상화학 자동화학분석기에서의라텍스면역비탁법의 Autolab HbA 1c 평가 Evaluation of"

Transcription

1 원저 Lab Med Online Vol. 2, No. 1: 10-14, January 2012 임상화학 자동화학분석기에서의라텍스면역비탁법의 Autolab HbA 1c 평가 Evaluation of HbA1c Levels Via the Latex Immunoturbidimetric Method by Using Chemistry Autoanalyzer 조용준 이소영 박해일 김영식 이제훈 김용구 한경자 Yongjun Jo, M.D., So-young Lee, M.D., Hae-il Park, M.D., YeongSic Kim, M.D., Jehoon Lee, M.D., Yonggoo Kim, M.D., Kyungja Han, M.D. 가톨릭대학교의과대학진단검사의학교실 Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea Background: Measurement of HbA1c levels is widely used to diagnose diabetes mellitus and to evaluate and monitor plasma-glucose concentrations over 6-8 weeks. In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of the newly developed latex immunoturbidimetric method by using Autolab HbA1c. Methods: We analyzed and compared the diagnostic performance of Autolab HbA1c with that of Toshiba 200FR between April 2009 and July According to guidelines (EP5-A2, EP6-P, EP9-A2) of the clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI), we compared linearity, precision and correlation of Autolab HbA1c with those of G7 (Tosoh Corp., Kyoto, Japan) by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Results: Data obtained using Autolab HbA1c showed good linearity in mixtures of samples with low (3.1%) and high (15.1%) levels of HbA1c (r 2 = ). In the analysis of within-run precision of the samples with HbA1c levels of 5.1% and 12.1%, the SDs were 0.04 and 0.06 and covariances of these samples were 0.8% and 0.5%, respectively. In the Deming regression model, the regression equation was as follows: Autolab HbA1c= Tosoh HPLC Conclusions: In this study, Autolab HbA1c method showed better performance characteristics than Tosoh G7 did. In reference review, there was no interference of variant hemoglobin. The data acquisition time of Autolab HbA1c was lower than that of Tosoh G7. The advantages of Autolab HbA1c are that it can be used as an autoanlyzer in routine chemical analysis, it does not require pre-analytical treatment, and the samples are automatically treated with distilled water for hemolysis. Key Words: HbA1c, Immunoturbidimetric method, HPLC 서론 당뇨병은대표적인만성질병으로 2010 년에전세계적으로 3 억여 Corresponding author: Jehoon Lee, M.D. Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Yeouido St. Mary s Hospital, 62 Yeouido-dong Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul , Korea Tel: , Fax: , lyejh@catholic.ac.kr Received: December 10, 2010 Revision received: August 8, 2011 Accepted: August 9, 2011 This article is available from , Laboratory Medicine Online This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 명의환자가추산되며 2030년에는 4억 4천여명의환자가존재할것으로예상되는질환으로 [1], 한국에서도유병률이 2009년인구 10만명당 19.6 명으로조사되었고 [2] 2009년한국인의사망원인중 5위를차지하고있다 [3]. 당뇨병으로인한합병증과사망을줄이기위해서는엄격한혈당관리가필요하며 [4, 5] 관리의지표로 HbA 1c 나 fructosamine, 당화알부민등이사용되고있다. HbA 1c 는당화혈색소의일종으로혈색소의 β 사슬의 N-말단에발린 (valine) 에혈당이비가역적으로결합하여형성된것으로최근 6-8주간의혈당조절을반영하며최근미국당뇨학회 (American Diabetes Association) 에서당뇨의진단및고위험군선정기준에포함됐다 [6]. 이진단기준에의하면 National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program (NGSP) 의인증을받고 Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) 참고법으로표준화된검사법의결과가 6.5% 이상이면당뇨병으로진단되며 % 인경우당뇨병의 10 eissn

2 조용준외 : Evaluation of HbA 1c Latex Immunoturbidimetric Method 고위험군으로분류할수있다. HbA 1c 를측정하는방법으로는전하차이를통한방법 (ion-exchange chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography-hplc, electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing), 구조의차이를통한방법 (affinity chromatography, immunoassay), 화학적분석방법 (photometry, spectrophotometry) 으로나눌수있으며 [7] 1995년에는친화크로마토그래피방법을많이사용하였으나 2007년조사에서는면역분석법과이온교환방식을 99% 이상사용하는것으로나타났다 [8]. 2009년에국내에서시행된대사질환검사신빙도조사에의하면 196기관중 84% 이상의기관에서면역분석법과 HPLC법을사용하고있는것으로조사되었다 [9]. 이러한분석방법의변화는임상검사실에서분석이편리한방법을선호하는것을나타낸다 [8]. 최근 IVD lab회사에서개발된 Autolab HbA 1c (IVD lab, Suwon, Korea) 는라텍스면역비탁법을사용하여 HbA 1c 를측정하는방법으로전용분석장비가필요하지않고자동화학분석기에적용이가능하며전처리과정이필요하지않으며용혈액으로증류수사용이가능하여검사단가가낮아지는장점을가지고있다. HPLC 방법인 Tosoh G7 (Tosoh Corp., Kyoto, Japan) 간의결과를비교하여 Autolab HbA 1c 의분석능력과임상검사실에서의유용성을평가하고자하였다. 대상및방법 1. 대상 2009년 4월부터 7월까지본원검사실에 HbA 1c 검사가의뢰된환자의 EDTA 항응고처리된전혈검체를이용하여직선성, 상관성, 검체침강에따른영향을평가하였다. 채혈한지일주일이내의신선한검체만을사용하였으며평가이외에는 4 의냉장고에보관하였다. 2. 검사법 1) Autolab HbA 1c Autolab HbA 1c 는전혈에서 HbA 1c 를직접적으로측정하는방법으로라텍스면역비탁법을이용한다. 전용장비가필요하지않으며자동화학분석기에서사용이가능하다. 자동화학분석기에항응고제로처리된전혈검체를장착하면검체흡입후증류수로용혈한다. 제1반응을통하여헤모글로빈과 HbA 1c 가라텍스입자와균일한비율로반응하게되며제2반응을통하여 mouse anti human HbA 1c 단클론항체와 anti-mouse IgG 다클론항체복합체가라텍스복합체 HbA 1c 와반응한다. 응집의정도는라텍스에흡착된 HbA 1c 의농도에비례하고이때의흡광도를 660 nm의파장으로측정하여 % 결과값을얻는다. Autolab HbA 1c 는 2010년 10월 1일에 NGSP 로부터 DCCT에대한표준화된방법으로인증을받았으며제조사 가밝힌직선성은 % 이다. 2) Tosoh G7 Tosoh G7은이온교환 HPLC를기본원리로하여 HbA 1c 를포함한혈색소분획을분석하는장비로전혈검체가기기에장착되면장비에서검체를흡입하여용혈희석후분석하게된다. 칼럼을통과하면서여러혈색소성분들이분리되어 415 nm에서의흡광도를측정하여 HbA 1c 의 % 값을계산하게된다. 3. 평가방법 Autolab HbA 1c 의직선성, 정밀도, 상관성은본원에서사용하는 TBA-200FR (Toshiba Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan) 으로측정하여평가하였고혈액침강에따른변화는 Hitachi 7600 (Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) 에서 2009년 4월부터 7월까지진행하였다. Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) 가이드라인 (EP5-A2, EP6-A, EP9-A2) 을참조하여정밀도, 직선성, 상관성을분석하였고, 정도관리물질은시약에동봉된저농도와고농도의정도관리물질을사용하였다. 1) 직선성직선성평가는 CLSI EP06-A의지침에따라실시하였다 [10]. 저농도 (3.1%), 고농도 (15.1%) 검체를희석하여 5가지단계의농도물질 (3.1%, 6.1%, 9.1%, 12.1%, 15.1%) 을제조한후 TBA-200FR에각각 2 회측정하였다. StatisPro v (Analyse-it Software Ltd., Leeds, UK) 으로검증을하였고회귀선이일차선형이고유의한적합성결여가없는경우직선성이있다고판정하였다. 2) 정밀도제조사에서제공되는저농도와고농도정도관리물질을 CLSI EP05-A2를일부변형하여 2가지정도관리물질을하루 2회, 1회에 2번씩총 20일간측정하여검사일내정밀도와검사일간정밀도를시행하였다 [11]. 오전 / 오후에나눠서측정하였으며 1회의검사후에는최소 30분이상의간격을두고시행하였다. 3) 상관성 CLSI EP09-A2 지침에따라 Tosoh G7으로측정된 HbA 1c 의값이 % 인검체 40개를선정하여 HPLC인 Tosoh G7방식과 TBA- 200FR에 Autolab HbA 1c 을사용하여 2회씩측정한후데밍회귀분석을시행하였다 [12]. 4) 혈액침강과 HbA 1c 값의변화측정검사대기시간에따른영향을파악하기위해서 Tosoh G7에서 11

3 조용준외 : Evaluation of HbA 1c Levels Via the Latex Immunoturbidimetric Method by Using Chemistry Autoanalyzer % 의결과값을나타내는 48개검체를대상으로하여 Hitachi 7600에서측정하였다. 측정방식은검체를잘섞은후측정한값을기준으로한후안정화시간을 25분씩증가시키며측정하였다. 측정하기전에검체를흔들어섞어주었다. 5.1% 검체의경우각각표준편차는 0.04, 0.08이었고변이계수는 0.8%, 1.6% 이었다. 제조사에서제시한검사일내정밀도의표준편차와변이계수는각각 4.76% 의농도에서 0.06와 1.26%, 7.29% 농도에서 0.08과 1.1%, 10.9% 농도에서 0.16 과 1.47% 이었다. 4. 분석도구 StatisPro v (Analyse-it Software Ltd., Leeds, UK) 와 Med- Calc v (MedCalc software, Broekstraat, Belgium), Excel 2007 (Microsoft Corporation, WA, USA) 을이용하였다. 1. 직선성 결과 Autolab HbA 1c 는저농도 (3.1%) 와고농도 (15.1%) 의검체를이용 하여 5 단계의농도를분석한결과 r 2 = 의높은직선성을나 타내었고유의한적합성결여가관찰되지않았다 (Fig. 1). 2. 정밀도 농도 12.1% 검체의경우검사일내정밀도와검사일간정밀도의 표준편차는각각 0.06, 0.12 였고변이계수는 0.5%, 1.0% 였다. 농도 HbA1c (%) y=0.995x R 2 = Expected value (%) Fig. 1. Linearity of HbA1c values as measured by Autolab HbA1c. 3. 상관성 비교식은 Autolab HbA 1c = Tosoh G 로나타났 다 (Fig. 2). 기울기와절편의 95% 구간은각각 , 이었다. Tosoh G7 값이 6.4% 미만의경우 0.26 의음의바이 어스가, 6.4% 이상 7.6% 미만에서는 0.05 의음의바이어스, 7.6% 이 상의농도에서 0.07 의양의바이어스가관찰되었다 (Fig. 3). 4. 혈액침강과 HbA 1c 와의관계 총 48 검체를검사하였으며한검체는재검한결과를반영하였다. 처음결과와비교하여최대 ±0.2% 의차이를보였으며평균적으로 Difference (%) Mean TBA-200FR-Mean Tosoh G Mean Tosoh G7 (%) Fig. 3. Difference plot between Autolab HbA1c and Tosoh G7. 11 Average of Autolab and Autolab Average of Tosoh G7 and Tosoh_G min 25 min 50 min 75 min Fig. 2. Deming regression plot of Tosoh G7 vs. Autolab HbA1c. Fig. 4. Changes in HbA1c levels with the length of time after the samples were mixed. 12

4 조용준외 : Evaluation of HbA 1c Latex Immunoturbidimetric Method 25분경과시 0.008%, 50분경과시 0.037%, 75분경과시 0.037% 낮게측정되었다 (Fig. 4). 고찰 HbA 1c 는 6-8주간의혈당을반영하고당뇨병의경과와진단, 고위험군분류에사용되고있다 [6, 13]. HbA 1c 를측정하는여러방법들이존재하지만방식과제조회사에따라서측정된결과의차이를보인다 [14]. 이를해결하기위해 2001년 7월에 International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC) 에의해표준화된방식이도입되었다. NGSP방식은 % 로, IFCC방식은 mmol/mol 으로결과가다르게표현되는데 IFCC방식의경우 DCCT에서사용된방법보다 1.5-2% 정도낮게측정된다 [15]. 이러한차이때문에 IFCC 결과수치를 NGSP방식으로보고할때는 NGSP = [ IFCC] 의식에의해변환해주어야하며최근의 consensus에의하면두가지방식의결과를동시에보고하도록권장하고있다 [16]. 그러나 IFCC의표준방식은매우특이적이고분석시간이오래걸리며기술적으로복잡하고, 검사비용이비싸므로일반임상분석에서는사용하기어렵고여러검사법에대한기준치로사용하고있다. Autolab HbA 1c 는직선성, 정밀도, 상관성에서좋은수행능력을보였다. Tosoh G7과비교하여농도에따른바이어스가다른것으로나타났지만변환식을통해서교정이가능한것으로생각된다. 검체침강시간에따른평가결과에의하면침강시간에따라 HbA 1c 농도의감소가관찰되지만 75분후에측정하여도 0.05% 이내로임상적해석에서는무시할수있는수준으로생각된다 [13]. HbA 1c 를측정함에있어서중요한변수중의하나는변이형혈색소에따른 HbA 1c 결과의차이이다. 본연구에서변이형혈색소에의한간섭은평가하지못했지만 HbA 1c 측정방식과변이형혈색소에따른간섭을고찰한논문에따르면같은분석방식에서도측정기기에따른간섭이다른것으로나타났다 [17]. 본연구에서는평가한 Autolab HbA 1c 와유사한라텍스면역비탁법을사용하는 [18] Hitachi Tina Quant 방식은 HbAS, HbAC, HbAE, HbAD에의한간섭이없는것으로조사되었는데이는 Autolab HbA 1c 방식이 HbA 1c 의 N-말단의당화아미노산염기에특이적인항체를사용하기때문으로생각되나전세계적으로흔한 HbS, HbE, HbC, HbD뿐만아니라 [17] 한국인에게흔한 HbG Coushatta, Hb Queens에대한평가가필요할것으로생각된다 [19]. Autolab HbA 1c 는기존에널리사용되고있는 Tosoh G7와비교하여좋은수행능력을나타냈고용혈과정에서증류수를사용할수있고검체마개제거과정이필요하지않으며전용분석장비를필요치않고일반자동화학분석장비에이용이가능하다. 따라서관련시약구입비용이감소하게되며검사방법이용이하다. 다만 Tosoh G7에서는 10검체를검사하는데 13분정도소요되는데 Autolab HbA 1c 는 15분정도소요되어결과획득시간이지연되는것으로나타났다. 그리고검체침강으로인해혈장이일부분리되어장비가검체를채취할때오류가발생할수있기때문에분석전에잘섞은후검사를시행해야검사대기시간에따른오류를줄일수있을것으로생각된다. 요약 배경 : HbA 1c 의측정은최근 6-8주간의혈당조절을평가하고당뇨를진단하기위해사용되고있다. 최근라텍스면역비탁법을사용하는 HbA 1c 측정법이개발되어분석능력과임상검사실에서의유용성을평가하였다. 방법 : 2009년 4월부터 7월까지 TBA-200FR에 Autolab HbA 1c 을장착하여 CLSI guideline (EP5-A2, EP6-P, EP9-A2) 에따라직선성, 정밀도, 상관성을평가하였다. 결과 : Autolab HbA 1c 는고농도 (15.1%) 와저농도 (3.1%) 의검체의혼합에서 r 2 = 의높은직선성을보였다. 12.1% 의경우검사일내정밀도와검사일간정밀도의표준편차는각각 0.06, 0.12였고변이계수는 0.5%, 1.0% 였다. 5.1% 의경우각각표준편차는 0.04, 0.09이었고변이계수는 0.8%, 1.6% 이었다. 비교식은 Autolab HbA 1c = HPLC 이었다. 결론 : 본연구에서 Autolab HbA 1c 는 Tosoh G7과비교하여좋은수행능력을보였다. 문헌고찰에서변이형혈색소에따른간섭은없는것으로알려졌다. Tosoh G7에비해결과획득시간은지연되는단점이있지만 Autolab HbA 1c 의장점은일반화학분석기에적용이가능하고검체의전처리가필요없으며증류수를사용하여자동적으로용혈과정이이루어진다는점이다. 감사의글 본연구는지식경제부산업원천기술개발사업의지원으로이루어졌습니다. 참고문헌 1. International diabetes federation (Eds), Global burden: prevalence and projections and (Updated on Nov 2010). 2. Statistics Korea (Eds), Chronic disease statistics of Korea. index.go.kr/egams/stts/jsp/potal/stts/po_stts_idxmain.jsp?idx_cd= 1438 (Updated on May 2011). 13

5 조용준외 : Evaluation of HbA 1c Levels Via the Latex Immunoturbidimetric Method by Using Chemistry Autoanalyzer 3. Statistics Korea. Cause of death statistics of Korea. portal/korea/kor_nw/2/6/1/index.board?bmode=read&bseq=&aseq= &pageNo=1&rowNum=10&navCount=10&currPg=&sTarget=titl e&stxt (Updated on Nov 2010). 4. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1993;329: UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet 1998;352: American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 2011;34(S1):S Burtis CA, Ashwood ER, et al. eds. Tietz textbook of clinical chemistry and molecular diagnostics. 4th ed. Washington, D.C: Saunders, 2006: Molinaro RJ. Targeting HbA 1c: standardization and clinical laboratory measurement. MLO Med Lab Obs 2008;40:10-4, Song J, Kwon KC, Kim JH, Kim JW, Min WK, Lee SY, et al. Annual report on external quality assessment in metabolic disorders in Korea (2009). J Lab Med Qual Assur 2010;32: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Evaluation of the linearity of quantitative measurement procedures: a statistical approach; approved guideline. Document EP6-A. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Evaluation of precision performance of quantitative measurement methods; approved guideline. 2nd ed. Document EP5-A2. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Method comparison and bias estimation using patient samples; approved guideline. 2nd ed. Document EP9-A2. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Little RR and Sacks DB. HbA 1c: how do we measure it and what does it mean? Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2009;16: Caragher TE, Dohnal JC, Lomont ME. Cautionary note regarding HbA 1c methods predicting the clinical status of diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2000;23: Kilpatrick ES. HbA 1c measurement. J Clin Pathol 2004;57: Hanas R, John G, International HbA 1c Consensus Committee consensus statement on the worldwide standardization of the hemoglobin A1C measurement. Diabetes Care 2010;33: Little RR and Roberts WL. A review of variant hemoglobins interfering with hemoglobin A1c measurement. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2009;3: Jones TG, Warber KD, Roberts BD. Analysis of hemoglobin A1c from dried blood spot samples with the Tina-quantR II immunoturbidimetric method. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2010;4: Lee ST, Kim MS, Choi DY, Kim SK, Ki CS. Incidence of variant hemoglobin (Hb) and increased fetal Hb concentrations and their effect on HbA 1c measurement in a Korean population. Clin Chem 2006;52:

1. Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-1) 2010. Cheongwon: Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2012.

More information

A 617

A 617 Special Issue Diabetic Retinopathy Won Ki Lee, M.D. Department of Ophthalmology The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine Kangnam St. Mary s Hospital E mail : wklee@catholic.ac.kr Abstract R

More information

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Evaluation of Analytical Performance of the D-100 He mo globin Testing System for Hemog

ORIGINAL ARTICLE   Evaluation of Analytical Performance of the D-100 He mo globin Testing System for Hemog ORIGINAL ARTICLE http://dx.doi.org/10.15263/jlmqa.2016.38.2.95 Evaluation of Analytical Performance of the D-100 He mo globin Testing System for Hemoglobin A1c Assay Kyunghoon Lee 1,2, Sung Min Kim 3,

More information

< D30312DC8ABBDC2BAB92DC0FAC0DABCF6C1A4BABB2DC3D6C1BE2E687770>

< D30312DC8ABBDC2BAB92DC0FAC0DABCF6C1A4BABB2DC3D6C1BE2E687770> 대한임상검사학회지 : 41권제1호, 37-41, 2009 ISSN 1738-3544 당화혈색소측정을위한 Norudia R HbA1c 키트의평가 주성대학임상병리과 1, 충북대학병원병리과 2 홍승복 1 김은중 2 Evaluation of Norudia R HbA1c Kit for Glycohemoglobin Assay Seung-Bok Hong 1 and Eun-Joong

More information

012임수진

012임수진 Received : 2012. 11. 27 Reviewed : 2012. 12. 10 Accepted : 2012. 12. 12 A Clinical Study on Effect of Electro-acupuncture Treatment for Low Back Pain and Radicular Pain in Patients Diagnosed with Lumbar

More information

원저 Lab Med Online Vol. 3, No. 4: , October 임상화학 CAPILLARYS 2 FLEX Piercing HbA 1c 검사성능평가 Perfor

원저 Lab Med Online Vol. 3, No. 4: , October 임상화학 CAPILLARYS 2 FLEX Piercing HbA 1c 검사성능평가 Perfor 원저 Lab Med Online Vol. 3, No. 4: 221-22, October 2013 임상화학 CAPILLARYS 2 FLEX Piercing HbA 1c 검사성능평가 Performance Evaluation of the CAPILLARYS 2 FLEX Piercing Analyzer for HbA1c Determination 전용범 1 한민제 1

More information

Lumbar spine

Lumbar spine Lumbar spine CT 32 111 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.111 Lumbar Spine CT 32 Received : 10. 05. 23 Revised : 10. 06. 04 Accepted : 10. 06. 11 Key Words: Disc herniation, CT scan, Clinical analysis The Clinical

More information

Pharmacotherapeutics Application of New Pathogenesis on the Drug Treatment of Diabetes Young Seol Kim, M.D. Department of Endocrinology Kyung Hee Univ

Pharmacotherapeutics Application of New Pathogenesis on the Drug Treatment of Diabetes Young Seol Kim, M.D. Department of Endocrinology Kyung Hee Univ Application of New Pathogenesis on the Drug Treatment of Diabetes Young Seol Kim, M.D. Department of Endocrinology Kyung Hee University College of Medicine & Hospital E mail : ycell2@yahoo.co.kr Abstract

More information

대한임상병리학회지 : 제 20 권제 1 호 2000 Korean J Clin Pathol 2000; 20: 13-7 임상화학 Hb A1c 측정기기 VARIANT TM II 의평가 정화령 손향은 을지의과대학교노원을지병원임상병리과 Evaluation of VARIANT T

대한임상병리학회지 : 제 20 권제 1 호 2000 Korean J Clin Pathol 2000; 20: 13-7 임상화학 Hb A1c 측정기기 VARIANT TM II 의평가 정화령 손향은 을지의과대학교노원을지병원임상병리과 Evaluation of VARIANT T 대한임상병리학회지 : 제 20 권제 1 호 2000 Korean J Clin Pathol 2000; 20: 13-7 임상화학 Hb A1c 측정기기 VARIANT TM II 의평가 정화령 손향은 을지의과대학교노원을지병원임상병리과 Evaluation of VARIANT TM II Hemoglobin A1c Autoanalyzer Hwa Ryung Chung, M.D.

More information

346 Korean J Lab Med 21;3:345-5 혈색소와당화되지않은혈색소를측정하는것이다 [5-11]. IFCC 법으로측정한 HbA1c값은여러기관에서검증된만능방정식인 NGSP-HbA1c(%)=.915 [IFCC-HbA1c]+2.15을이용하여 NGSP 값으로변환할

346 Korean J Lab Med 21;3:345-5 혈색소와당화되지않은혈색소를측정하는것이다 [5-11]. IFCC 법으로측정한 HbA1c값은여러기관에서검증된만능방정식인 NGSP-HbA1c(%)=.915 [IFCC-HbA1c]+2.15을이용하여 NGSP 값으로변환할 Korean J Lab Med 21;3:345-5 DOI 1.3343/kjlm.21.3.4.345 Original Article Clinical Chemistry Comparison of HbA1c Analyzers: D-1, Variant II Turbo, Cobas Integra 8, and Afinion AS1 Jin Young Lee, M.D. 1,

More information

590호(01-11)

590호(01-11) T H E K O R E A N D O C T O R S W E E K L Y www.docdocdoc.co.kr I N S I D E 38 3 5 6 7 10 13 28 29 30 31 38 41 42 2 Advertisement Government & Medicine 3 Government & Medicine 4 Government & Medicine Government

More information

- i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - - 15 - - 16 - - 17 - - 18 - - 19 - α α - 20 - α α α α α α - 21 - - 22 - - 23 -

More information

139~144 ¿À°ø¾àħ

139~144 ¿À°ø¾àħ 2 139 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.139 2 Received : 10. 04. 08 Revised : 10. 04. 26 Two Case Report on Wrist Ganglion Treated with Scolopendrid Pharmacopuncture Accepted : 10. 05. 04 Key Words: Wrist Ganglion,

More information

<283732372D3733312920B4D9C3CAC1A120BCD2C7C1C6AEC4DCC5C3C6AEB7BBC1EEC0C720B3EBBEC8C0C720BDC3B7C2BAB8C1A4BFA120B4EBC7D120C0AFBFEBBCBA20C6F2B0A1283035292E687770>

<283732372D3733312920B4D9C3CAC1A120BCD2C7C1C6AEC4DCC5C3C6AEB7BBC1EEC0C720B3EBBEC8C0C720BDC3B7C2BAB8C1A4BFA120B4EBC7D120C0AFBFEBBCBA20C6F2B0A1283035292E687770> 대한안과학회지 제 49 권 제 5 호 2008 J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 49(5):727-731, 2008 DOI : 10.3341/jkos.2008.49.5.727 다초점 소프트콘택트렌즈의 노안의 시력보정에 대한 유용성 평가 김현경 1 김효명 2 정성근 1 가톨릭대학교 의과대학 성모병원 안과학교실 1, 고려대학교 의과대학 안암병원 안과학교실

More information

ISO17025.PDF

ISO17025.PDF ISO/IEC 17025 1999-12-15 1 2 3 4 41 42 43 44, 45 / 46 47 48 49 / 410 411 412 413 414 5 51 52 53 54 / 55 56 57 58 / 59 / 510 A( ) ISO/IEC 17025 ISO 9001:1994 ISO 9002:1994 B( ) 1 11 /, / 12 / 1, 2, 3/ (

More information

386-390.hwp

386-390.hwp 386 HANYANG MEDICAL REVIEWS Vol. 29 No. 4, 2009 우리나라 미숙아의 통계와 의료비용 Statistics and Medical Cost of Preterm in Korea 윤혜선 을지대학교 노원을지병원 소아청소년과학교실 Hye Sun Yoon, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Pediatrics, Nowon

More information

(

( 317 318 319 320 1 3 5 5 5 5 2 321 : 1.,,,,, 06 2. X-ray beam penetration (density) (contrast) 03 3. patch coating, precipitation, flaking 03 4. centering 03 5. Esophagus, cardia, fundus, body, angle, antrum,

More information

May 10~ Hotel Inter-Burgo Exco, Daegu Plenary lectures From metabolic syndrome to diabetes Meta-inflammation responsible for the progression fr

May 10~ Hotel Inter-Burgo Exco, Daegu Plenary lectures From metabolic syndrome to diabetes Meta-inflammation responsible for the progression fr May 10~12 2012 Hotel Inter-Burgo Exco, Daegu Plenary lectures From metabolic syndrome to diabetes Meta-inflammation responsible for the progression from obesity to metabolic syndrome originates in the

More information

ECG & EP CASES Young-Keun On, MD, PhD Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Cardiac & Vascular Center, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea A case of

More information

歯1.PDF

歯1.PDF 200176 .,.,.,. 5... 1/2. /. / 2. . 293.33 (54.32%), 65.54(12.13%), / 53.80(9.96%), 25.60(4.74%), 5.22(0.97%). / 3 S (1997)14.59% (1971) 10%, (1977).5%~11.5%, (1986)

More information

DIABETES FACT SHEET IN KOREA 2012 SUMMARY About 3.2 million Korean people (10.1%) aged over 30 years or older had diabetes in 2010. Based on fasting g

DIABETES FACT SHEET IN KOREA 2012 SUMMARY About 3.2 million Korean people (10.1%) aged over 30 years or older had diabetes in 2010. Based on fasting g DIABETES FACT SHEET IN KOREA 2012 Korean Diabetes Association (KDA) / Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) DIABETES FACT SHEET IN KOREA 2012 SUMMARY About 3.2 million Korean people (10.1%)

More information

878 Yu Kim, Dongjae Kim 지막 용량수준까지도 멈춤 규칙이 만족되지 않아 시행이 종료되지 않는 경우에는 MTD의 추정이 불가 능하다는 단점이 있다. 최근 이 SM방법의 단점을 보완하기 위해 O Quigley 등 (1990)이 제안한 CRM(Continu

878 Yu Kim, Dongjae Kim 지막 용량수준까지도 멈춤 규칙이 만족되지 않아 시행이 종료되지 않는 경우에는 MTD의 추정이 불가 능하다는 단점이 있다. 최근 이 SM방법의 단점을 보완하기 위해 O Quigley 등 (1990)이 제안한 CRM(Continu 한 국 통 계 학 회 논 문 집 2012, 19권, 6호, 877 884 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5351/ckss.2012.19.6.877 Maximum Tolerated Dose Estimation Applied Biased Coin Design in a Phase Ⅰ Clinical Trial Yu Kim a, Dongjae Kim

More information

Can032.hwp

Can032.hwp Chromosomal Alterations in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines Detected by Comparative Genomic Hybridization Sang Jin Park 1, Mahn Joon Ha, Ph.D. 1, Hugh Chul Kim, M.D. 2 and Hyon Ju Kim, M.D. 1 1 Laboratory

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Nov.; 26(11),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Nov.; 26(11), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2015 Nov.; 26(11), 985991. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2015.26.11.985 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Analysis

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 4, August, 30, 2016:319~332 Received: 2016/07/28, Accepted: 2016/08/28 Revised: 2016/08/27, Published: 2016/08/30 [ABSTRACT] This paper examined what determina

More information

( )Kju269.hwp

( )Kju269.hwp 만성세균성전립선염모델흰쥐에서 의항염효과 Anti-inflammatory Effect of Lycopene on Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis Rat Model Cho Hwan Yang, Dong Wan Sohn, Yong-Hyun Cho From the Department of Urology, The Catholic University

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 10, Oct ,,. 0.5 %.., cm mm FR4 (ε r =4.4)

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 10, Oct ,,. 0.5 %.., cm mm FR4 (ε r =4.4) THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2018 Oct.; 29(10), 799 804. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2018.29.10.799 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Method

More information

황지웅

황지웅 Comparison of Laparoscopy and Exploration in the Distal Pancreatectomy BACKGROUND: To determine the benefits of laparoscopic surgery compared with exploration, the clinical outcomes of open and laparoscopic

More information

- i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - 1) 통계청고시제 2010-150 호 (2010.7.6 개정, 2011.1.1 시행 ) - 4 - 요양급여의적용기준및방법에관한세부사항에따른골밀도검사기준 (2007 년 11 월 1 일시행 ) - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 -

More information

한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구

한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 - - i - - i - - ii - - iii - - iv - χ - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - 그림 1. 연구대상자선정도표 - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - 그림 2. 연구의틀 χ - 9 - - 10 - - 11 -

More information

- iii - - i - - ii - - iii - 국문요약 종합병원남자간호사가지각하는조직공정성 사회정체성과 조직시민행동과의관계 - iv - - v - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - α α α α - 15 - α α α α α α

More information

인문사회과학기술융합학회

인문사회과학기술융합학회 Vol.5, No.5, October (2015), pp.471-479 http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ajmahs.2015.10.50 스마트온실을 위한 가상 외부기상측정시스템 개발 한새론 1), 이재수 2), 홍영기 3), 김국환 4), 김성기 5), 김상철 6) Development of Virtual Ambient Weather Measurement

More information

1..

1.. Volume 12, Number 1, 6~16, Factors influencing consultation time and waiting time of ambulatory patients in a tertiary teaching hospital Jee-In Hwang College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University :

More information

<30312DC1A4BAB8C5EBBDC5C7E0C1A4B9D7C1A4C3A52DC1A4BFB5C3B62E687770>

<30312DC1A4BAB8C5EBBDC5C7E0C1A4B9D7C1A4C3A52DC1A4BFB5C3B62E687770> Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering 한국정보통신학회논문지(J. Korea Inst. Inf. Commun. Eng.) Vol. 19, No. 2 : 258~264 Feb. 2015 ID3 알고리즘 기반의 귀납적 추론을 활용한 모바일 OS의 성공과 실패에 대한

More information

untitled

untitled 대한수혈학회지:제권 제호, 0 한 대학병원의 혈액 폐기 분석 김병철ㆍ서영익ㆍ채금란ㆍ신정원ㆍ최태윤 = Abstract = 순천향대학교 의과대학 서울병원 진단검사의학교실 Analysis of Discarded Blood Components at a University Hospital in Korea Byung Chul Kim, Young Ik Seo, Gum Ran

More information

???? 1

???? 1 The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics (2014) 27(1), 13 20 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5351/kjas.2014.27.1.013 Maximum Tolerated Dose Estimation by Stopping Rule and SM3 Design in a Phase I Clinical Trial

More information

서론 34 2

서론 34 2 34 2 Journal of the Korean Society of Health Information and Health Statistics Volume 34, Number 2, 2009, pp. 165 176 165 진은희 A Study on Health related Action Rates of Dietary Guidelines and Pattern of

More information

44-4대지.07이영희532~

44-4대지.07이영희532~ A Spatial Location Analysis of the First Shops of Foodservice Franchise in Seoul Metropolitan City Younghee Lee* 1 1 (R) 0 16 1 15 64 1 Abstract The foodservice franchise is preferred by the founders who

More information

원저 Lab Med Online Vol. 7, No. 2: 59-65, April 임상화학 Bio-Rad D-100 의헤모글로빈 A1c 분석능평가 Analytical Performance

원저 Lab Med Online Vol. 7, No. 2: 59-65, April 임상화학 Bio-Rad D-100 의헤모글로빈 A1c 분석능평가 Analytical Performance 원저 Lab Med Online Vol. 7, No. 2: 59-65, April 2017 임상화학 Bio-Rad D-100 의헤모글로빈 A1c 분석능평가 Analytical Performance of Bio-Rad D-100 on a Hemoglobin A1c Assay 유창승 최은혜 배인철 이상국 김정호 Changseung Liu, M.D., Eunhye

More information

04_이근원_21~27.hwp

04_이근원_21~27.hwp 1) KIGAS Vol. 16, No. 5, pp 21~27, 2012 (Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas) http://dx.doi.org/10.7842/kigas.2012.16.5.21 실험실의 사례 분석에 관한 연구 이근원 이정석 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 (2012년 9월 5일 투고, 2012년 10월 19일

More information

Microsoft PowerPoint - CQPDHQFJFFEV.pptx

Microsoft PowerPoint - CQPDHQFJFFEV.pptx 혈당조절의모니터링 국립중앙의료원내과 조영중 Agenda 혈당조절의중요성 Assessment of long-term glycemic control Assessment of short-term glycemic control 요약 혈당조절의중요성 Assessment of long-term glycemic control Assessment of short-term

More information

16(1)-3(국문)(p.40-45).fm

16(1)-3(국문)(p.40-45).fm w wz 16«1y Kor. J. Clin. Pharm., Vol. 16, No. 1. 2006 x w$btf3fqpsu'psn û w m w Department of Statistics, Chonnam National University Eunsik Park College of Natural Sciences, Chonnam National University

More information

<303620B1E8C1BEBFF82E687770>

<303620B1E8C1BEBFF82E687770> 임상검사와정도관리 J Lab Med Qual Assur 2010 ; 32:229-36 ISSN 1225-097X Evaluation of CareSens N Glucometer Glucose Monitoring System Hee-Jae Huh, Hyung-Doo Park, Soo-Youn Lee, and Jong-Won Kim Department of Laboratory

More information

A Study on Married Female Immigrants Life Style and Marriage Satisfaction in Terms of Preparing Their Old Age in Chungcheongnam-do Department of Gerontology, Hoseo University Doctoral Student : Hi Ran

More information

(5차 편집).hwp

(5차 편집).hwp (215), 54(1), 17-3 211 STEAM,.. STEAM, STEAM, 5~6 11.,., 5~6...,. (, 21)., 29. (,, 212). 211 STEAM * :, E-mail: njkwon@hanmail.net http://dx.doi.org/1.15812/ter.54.1.2153.17 (215), 54(1), 17-3,. (Arts)

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: A study on Characte

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI:   A study on Characte Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp.381-404 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.1.201803.381 A study on Characteristics of Action Learning by Analyzing Learners Experiences

More information

Na +, K +, Cl, tco 2, BUN, Creatinine, Glucose, ica에대하여 Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 의기준에따라정밀도, 직선성, 상관성등의성능평가를시행하였다. 재료및방법 후, 원

Na +, K +, Cl, tco 2, BUN, Creatinine, Glucose, ica에대하여 Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 의기준에따라정밀도, 직선성, 상관성등의성능평가를시행하였다. 재료및방법 후, 원 원저 Lab Med Online Vol. 5, No. 2: 57-62, April 2015 임상화학 현장검사화학분석기기인 Abbott i-stat CHEM8+ 의성능평가 Evaluation of i-stat CHEM8+ Point-of-Care Chemistry Analyzer 김도균 신화춘 김병광 정순호 임종백 Do-kyun Kim, M.D., Hwachoon

More information

untitled

untitled ORIGINAL ARTICLE http://dx.doi.org/1.15263/jlmqa.215.37.2.11 Evaluation of Analytical Performance of the Cobas 8 Analyzer Series Module e62 Kiwoong Ko, Min-Jung Kwon, Hee-Yeon Woo, and Hyosoon Park Department

More information

16_이주용_155~163.hwp

16_이주용_155~163.hwp 사상체질의학회지 2008;20(2):155-163 J of Sasang Constitutional Medicine Vol. 20, No. 2, 2008:155-163 http://www.esasang.com 腦 梗 塞 으로 발생한 少 陽 人 半 身 舞 蹈 病 患 者 치험 1례 이주용 이한얼 한경수 안택원 Abstract 대전대학교 한의과대학 사상체질과 A Soyangin

More information

03-ÀÌÁ¦Çö

03-ÀÌÁ¦Çö 25 3 (2004 9 ) J Korean Oriental Med 2004;25(3):20-31 1), 2), 3) 1) 2) 3) Grope for a Summary Program about Intellectual Property Protection of Traditional Knowledge (TK)etc. Discussed in WIPO Hwan-Soo

More information

A Study on the Relationships between Self-Differentiation and Adaptability Factors for Senior Dementia Patients Care Givers Department of Social Welfare, Seoul Welfare Graduate University Full-time Lecturer

More information

Æ÷Àå82š

Æ÷Àå82š Lee, Kyungbae (E-mail : kblee6078@ex.co.kr) Lee, Jaehoon (E-mail : ranian74@ex.co.kr) Sohn, Duecksu (E-mail : mgsds@ex.co.kr) Kwon, Soonmin (E-mail : soonmini2@ex.co.kr) ABSTRACT PURPOSES : The purpose

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI: : Researc

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI:   : Researc Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp.251-273 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.2.201706.251 : 1997 2005 Research Trend Analysis on the Korean Alternative Education

More information

14.531~539(08-037).fm

14.531~539(08-037).fm G Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 531~539, August, 2008 š x y w m š gj p { sƒ z 1) * 1) w w Evaluation of Flexural Strength for Normal and High Strength Concrete with Hooked

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering 한국정보통신학회논문지(J. Korea Inst. Inf. Commun. Eng.) Vol. 19, No. 5 : 1031~1039 May. 2015 정보보호 산업의 경제적 파급효과 및 기여도 분석 김방룡 1 홍재표 2* Economic

More information

.,,,,,,.,,,,.,,,,,, (, 2011)..,,, (, 2009)., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994;, 1995), () 65, 4 51, (,, ). 33, 4 30, (, 201

.,,,,,,.,,,,.,,,,,, (, 2011)..,,, (, 2009)., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994;, 1995), () 65, 4 51, (,, ). 33, 4 30, (, 201 4 21.,,,.,,. 1, 2, 3, 4.,,,,,,.,,,,., ( ). 60-66,,,,,.. (Corresponding Author): / / 303 Tel: 063-220-2495/ E-mail: ikkim@jj.ac.kr .,,,,,,.,,,,.,,,,,, (, 2011)..,,, (, 2009)., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994;,

More information

김범수

김범수 Analysis of Outcomes after Resection of Sarcomatous Hepatocellular Carcinoma Purpose: Sarcomatous hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rare. Therefore, the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis

More information

대한임상병리학회지 : 제 22 권제 1 호 2002 Korean J Clin Pathol 2002; 22: 9-14 임상화학 Hitachi 747 을이용한 Diasys 시약의간섭시험을포함한검사능평가 이민걸 이경률 김정호 권오헌 연세대학교의과대학임상병리과학교실 Evalu

대한임상병리학회지 : 제 22 권제 1 호 2002 Korean J Clin Pathol 2002; 22: 9-14 임상화학 Hitachi 747 을이용한 Diasys 시약의간섭시험을포함한검사능평가 이민걸 이경률 김정호 권오헌 연세대학교의과대학임상병리과학교실 Evalu 대한임상병리학회지 : 제 22 권제 1 호 2 Korean J Clin Pathol 2; 22: 9-14 임상화학 Hitachi 747 을이용한 시약의간섭시험을포함한검사능평가 이민걸 이경률 김정호 권오헌 연세대학교의과대학임상병리과학교실 Evaluation of Performance Including Interference Tests of Reagents on

More information

03-서연옥.hwp

03-서연옥.hwp 농업생명과학연구 49(4) pp.31-37 Journal of Agriculture & Life Science 49(4) pp.31-37 Print ISSN 1598-5504 Online ISSN 2383-8272 http://dx.doi.org/10.14397/jals.2015.49.4.31 국가산림자원조사 자료를 적용한 충남지역 사유림경영율 추정 서연옥

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: * A Analysis of

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: * A Analysis of Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp.99-117 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.1.201803.99 2015 * A Analysis of the Characters and Issues about the 2015 Revised Social

More information

달생산이 초산모 분만시간에 미치는 영향 Ⅰ. 서 론 Ⅱ. 연구대상 및 방법 達 은 23) 의 丹 溪 에 최초로 기 재된 처방으로, 에 복용하면 한 다하여 난산의 예방과 및, 등에 널리 활용되어 왔다. 達 은 이 毒 하고 는 甘 苦 하여 氣, 氣 寬,, 結 의 효능이 있

달생산이 초산모 분만시간에 미치는 영향 Ⅰ. 서 론 Ⅱ. 연구대상 및 방법 達 은 23) 의 丹 溪 에 최초로 기 재된 처방으로, 에 복용하면 한 다하여 난산의 예방과 및, 등에 널리 활용되어 왔다. 達 은 이 毒 하고 는 甘 苦 하여 氣, 氣 寬,, 結 의 효능이 있 대한한방부인과학회지 THE JOURNAL OF ORIENTAL OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY VOL.17, NO.2 : 115-122 (2004) 달생산이 초산모 분만시간에 미치는 영향 * 북경한의원, ** 윤산부인과의원, *** 최은림산부인과의원, 상지대학교 한의과대학 부인과학교실 ****, 경희대학교 동서의학대학원 김성준 *****, 윤왕준

More information

04김호걸(39~50)ok

04김호걸(39~50)ok Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment, Vol. 22, No. 1(2013) pp.39~50 Prediction of Landslides Occurrence Probability under Climate Change using MaxEnt Model Kim, Hogul* Lee, Dong-Kun** Mo, Yongwon*

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp DOI: * The Mediating Eff

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp DOI:   * The Mediating Eff Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp.159-177 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.2.201608.159 * The Mediating Effects of Self-esteem on the Relationship between Social

More information

<31325FB1E8B0E6BCBA2E687770>

<31325FB1E8B0E6BCBA2E687770> 88 / 한국전산유체공학회지 제15권, 제1호, pp.88-94, 2010. 3 관내 유동 해석을 위한 웹기반 자바 프로그램 개발 김 경 성, 1 박 종 천 *2 DEVELOPMENT OF WEB-BASED JAVA PROGRAM FOR NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF PIPE FLOW K.S. Kim 1 and J.C. Park *2 In general,

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:275~289 Received: 2016/12/02, Accepted: 2016/12/22 Revised: 2016/12/20, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] SNS is used in various fields. Although

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI: 3 * The Effect of H

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI:   3 * The Effect of H Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.577-601 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.577 3 * The Effect of Home-based Activities Using Traditional Fairy Tales

More information

조사연구 권 호 연구논문 한국노동패널조사자료의분석을위한패널가중치산출및사용방안사례연구 A Case Study on Construction and Use of Longitudinal Weights for Korea Labor Income Panel Survey 2)3) a

조사연구 권 호 연구논문 한국노동패널조사자료의분석을위한패널가중치산출및사용방안사례연구 A Case Study on Construction and Use of Longitudinal Weights for Korea Labor Income Panel Survey 2)3) a 조사연구 권 호 연구논문 한국노동패널조사자료의분석을위한패널가중치산출및사용방안사례연구 A Case Study on Construction and Use of Longitudinal Weights for Korea Labor Income Panel Survey 2)3) a) b) 조사연구 주제어 패널조사 횡단면가중치 종단면가중치 선형혼합모형 일반화선형혼 합모형

More information

Analyses the Contents of Points per a Game and the Difference among Weight Categories after the Revision of Greco-Roman Style Wrestling Rules Han-bong

Analyses the Contents of Points per a Game and the Difference among Weight Categories after the Revision of Greco-Roman Style Wrestling Rules Han-bong Analyses the Contents of Points per a Game and the Difference among Weight Categories after the Revision of Greco-Roman Style Wrestling Rules Han-bong An 1 & Kyoo-jeong Choi 2 * 1 Korea National Wrestling

More information

Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 및 자아존중감과 스트레스와도 밀접한 관계가 있고, 만족 정도 에 따라 전반적인 생활에도 영향을 미치므로 신체는 갈수록 개 인적, 사회적 차원에서 중요해지고 있다(안희진, 2010). 따라서 외모만족도는 개인의 신체는 타

Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 및 자아존중감과 스트레스와도 밀접한 관계가 있고, 만족 정도 에 따라 전반적인 생활에도 영향을 미치므로 신체는 갈수록 개 인적, 사회적 차원에서 중요해지고 있다(안희진, 2010). 따라서 외모만족도는 개인의 신체는 타 RESEARCH ARTICLE Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 20-40대 여성의 외모만족도가 미용관리태도에 미치는 영향 홍수남 1, 김효숙 2 * 1 건국대학교 뷰티사이언스디자인학과, 2 건국대학교 의상디자인과 Effects of Extrinsic Body Satisfaction on Beauty Management Behavior of

More information

???? 1

???? 1 The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics (2013) 26(1), 201 208 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5351/kjas.2013.26.1.201 A Note on Model Selection in Mixture Experiments with Process Variables Jung Il Kim a,1

More information

유해중금속안정동위원소의 분석정밀 / 정확도향상연구 (I) 환경기반연구부환경측정분석센터,,,,,,,, 2012

유해중금속안정동위원소의 분석정밀 / 정확도향상연구 (I) 환경기반연구부환경측정분석센터,,,,,,,, 2012 11-1480523-001163-01 유해중금속안정동위원소의 분석정밀 / 정확도향상연구 (I) 환경기반연구부환경측정분석센터,,,,,,,, 2012 목 차 ⅰ ⅲ ⅳ Abstract ⅵ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ i 목 차 Ⅳ ii 목 차 iii 목 차 iv 목 차 v Abstract vi Abstract σ ε vii Abstract viii Ⅰ. 서론 Ⅰ. 1 Ⅰ. 서론.

More information

원저 Lab Med Online Vol. 8, No. 3: 87-93, July 진단면역학 매독검사를위한 Auto RPR Plus 와 Auto TPIM Plus 시약의평가 Compariso

원저 Lab Med Online Vol. 8, No. 3: 87-93, July 진단면역학 매독검사를위한 Auto RPR Plus 와 Auto TPIM Plus 시약의평가 Compariso 원저 Lab Med Online Vol. 8, No. 3: 87-93, July 218 진단면역학 매독검사를위한 Auto RPR Plus 와 Auto TPIM Plus 시약의평가 Comparison of Auto RPR Plus and Auto TPIM Plus with Mediace RPR and Abbott Syphilis TP for Serologic

More information

<C7D1B1B9B1B3C0B0B0B3B9DFBFF85FC7D1B1B9B1B3C0B05F3430B1C733C8A35FC5EBC7D5BABB28C3D6C1BE292DC7A5C1F6C6F7C7D42E687770>

<C7D1B1B9B1B3C0B0B0B3B9DFBFF85FC7D1B1B9B1B3C0B05F3430B1C733C8A35FC5EBC7D5BABB28C3D6C1BE292DC7A5C1F6C6F7C7D42E687770> 기혼 여성이 사이버대학에서 상담을 전공하면서 겪는 경험 방기연 (고려사이버대학교 상담심리학과 부교수) * 요 약 본 연구는 기혼 여성의 사이버대학 상담전공 학과 입학에서 졸업까지의 경험을 이해하는 것을 목적으로 한 다. 이를 위해 연구참여자 10명을 대상으로 심층면접을 하고, 합의적 질적 분석 방법으로 분석하였다. 입학 전 에 연구참여자들은 고등교육의 기회를

More information

석사논문.PDF

석사논문.PDF ABO Rh A study on the importance of ABO and Rh blood groups information in Public Health 2000 2 1 ABO Rh A study on the importance of ABO and Rh blood groups information in Public Health 2000 2 2 ABO Rh

More information

975_983 특집-한규철, 정원호

975_983 특집-한규철, 정원호 Focused Issue of This Month Gyu Cheol an, MD Department of Otolaryngology ead & Neck Surgery, Gachon University of College Medicine E - mail : han@gilhospital.com Won-o Jung, MD Department of Otolaryngology

More information

환경중잔류의약물질대사체분석방법확립에 관한연구 (Ⅱ) - 테트라사이클린계항생제 - 환경건강연구부화학물질연구과,,,,,, Ⅱ 2010

환경중잔류의약물질대사체분석방법확립에 관한연구 (Ⅱ) - 테트라사이클린계항생제 - 환경건강연구부화학물질연구과,,,,,, Ⅱ 2010 11-1480523-000702-01 환경중잔류의약물질대사체분석방법확립에 관한연구 (Ⅱ) - 테트라사이클린계항생제 - 환경건강연구부화학물질연구과,,,,,, Ⅱ 2010 목차 ⅰ ⅱ ⅲ Abstract ⅳ Ⅰ Ⅱ i 목차 Ⅲ Ⅳ i 목차 ii 목차 iii Abstract α β α β iv Ⅰ. 서론 Ⅰ 1 Ⅱ. 연구내용및방법 Ⅱ. 2 Ⅱ. 연구내용및방법

More information

<313630313032C6AFC1FD28B1C7C7F5C1DF292E687770>

<313630313032C6AFC1FD28B1C7C7F5C1DF292E687770> 양성자가속기연구센터 양성자가속기 개발 및 운영현황 DOI: 10.3938/PhiT.25.001 권혁중 김한성 Development and Operational Status of the Proton Linear Accelerator at the KOMAC Hyeok-Jung KWON and Han-Sung KIM A 100-MeV proton linear accelerator

More information

현대패션의 로맨틱 이미지에 관한 연구

현대패션의 로맨틱 이미지에 관한 연구 한지닥섬유제품의인체생리반응및쾌적성평가 임순 Evaluation of Thermal Physiological Responses and Comfort in Dox Fabric Soon Im Professor, Dept. of Fashion Industry, Incheon National University This study performed the evaluation

More information

09권오설_ok.hwp

09권오설_ok.hwp (JBE Vol. 19, No. 5, September 2014) (Regular Paper) 19 5, 2014 9 (JBE Vol. 19, No. 5, September 2014) http://dx.doi.org/10.5909/jbe.2014.19.5.656 ISSN 2287-9137 (Online) ISSN 1226-7953 (Print) a) Reduction

More information

10(3)-09.fm

10(3)-09.fm w y wz 10«3y 253~258 (2010.12.) Journal of Korean Society of Urban Environment ³ w Á» Á Á y w y œw (2010 11 22, 2010 12 9 k) Study on Determine of Detention Pond in Small Developed Area In-Soo Chang ½

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI: * Suggestions of Ways

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI:   * Suggestions of Ways Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp.65-89 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.1.201903.65 * Suggestions of Ways to Improve Teaching Practicum Based on the Experiences

More information

Àå¾Ö¿Í°í¿ë ³»Áö

Àå¾Ö¿Í°í¿ë ³»Áö Disability & Employment 55 Disability & Employment 56 57 Disability & Employment 58 59 Disability & Employment 60 61 Disability & Employment 62 63 Disability & Employment 64 65 Disability & Employment

More information

상담학연구,, SPSS 21.0., t,.,,,..,.,.. (Corresponding Author): / / / Tel: /

상담학연구,, SPSS 21.0., t,.,,,..,.,.. (Corresponding Author): / / / Tel: / ,,. 164 -. SPSS 21.0., t,.,,,..,.,.. (Corresponding Author): / / 1 11 404 / Tel: 02-880-7636 / E-mail: dikimedu@snu.ac.kr ...,,, (, 2012),, (,,, 2012a, 2012b;,, 2011;, 2011;,, 2010). (, 2013;, 2012;, ;

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp DOI: * Experiences of Af

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp DOI:   * Experiences of Af Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp.201-229 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.2.201608.201 * Experiences of After-school Class Caring by Married Early Childhood

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: : A Study on the Ac

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI:   : A Study on the Ac Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp.269-293 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.1.201803.269 : A Study on the Actual Condition of Character Education in Early Childhood

More information

서론

서론 - i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - - 15 - - 16 - - 17 - - 18 - - 19 - - 20 - - 21 - - 22 - - 23 - - 24 - -

More information

조사연구 using odds ratio. The result of analysis for 58 election polls registered in National Election Survey Deliberation Commission revealed that progr

조사연구 using odds ratio. The result of analysis for 58 election polls registered in National Election Survey Deliberation Commission revealed that progr 조사연구 권 호 DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.20997/sr.19.3.1 연구논문 다수후보에대한선거예측의정확성과당선가능성 : 2017 년대통령선거의경우 * The Accuracy of Election Forecasts and the Chance of Winning for Multiple Candidates: In Case of the 2017

More information

전립선암발생률추정과관련요인분석 : The Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (KCPS-II)

전립선암발생률추정과관련요인분석 : The Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (KCPS-II) 전립선암발생률추정과관련요인분석 : The Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (KCPS-II) 전립선암발생률추정과관련요인분석 : The Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (KCPS-II) - i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - vi - - vii - - viii - - ix - -

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Dec.; 27(12),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Dec.; 27(12), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2016 Dec.; 27(12), 1036 1043. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2016.27.12.1036 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online)

More information

03이경미(237~248)ok

03이경미(237~248)ok The recent (2001-2010) changes on temperature and precipitation related to normals (1971-2000) in Korea* Kyoungmi Lee** Hee-Jeong Baek*** ChunHo Cho**** Won-Tae Kwon*****. 61 (1971~2000) 10 (2001~2010).

More information

<30382EC0C7C7D0B0ADC1C22E687770>

<30382EC0C7C7D0B0ADC1C22E687770> 대한내과학회지: 제 76 권 제 2 호 2009 의학강좌-개원의를 위한 모범처방(Current Clinical Practice) 간기능검사의 이해와 적용 인제대학교 의과대학 일산백병원 내과학교실 김 경 아 Understanding and application of liver function tests Kyung-Ah Kim, M.D. Department of

More information

(Exposure) Exposure (Exposure Assesment) EMF Unknown to mechanism Health Effect (Effect) Unknown to mechanism Behavior pattern (Micro- Environment) Re

(Exposure) Exposure (Exposure Assesment) EMF Unknown to mechanism Health Effect (Effect) Unknown to mechanism Behavior pattern (Micro- Environment) Re EMF Health Effect 2003 10 20 21-29 2-10 - - ( ) area spot measurement - - 1 (Exposure) Exposure (Exposure Assesment) EMF Unknown to mechanism Health Effect (Effect) Unknown to mechanism Behavior pattern

More information

책임연구기관

책임연구기관 2009. 2. 책임연구기관 - i - - ii - - iii - - iv - 6.3.1 Sample Collection and Analysis 161 6.3.1.1 Sample Collection 161 6.3.1.2 Sample Analysis 161 6.3.2 Results 162 6.3.2.1 Dalian 162 6.3.2.2 Xiamen 163 6.3.3

More information

005송영일

005송영일 Received : 2015. 12. 09 Reviewed : 2015. 12. 16 Accepted : 2015. 12. 16 Sternal Fracture occurred after Thai Massage : A Case Report Young-Il Song, K.M.D. 1, Dong-Eun Kim, K.M.D. 1 1 Department of Rehabilitation

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA 27(2), 2007, 96-121 S ij k i POP j a i SEXR j i AGER j i BEDDAT j ij i j S ij S ij POP j SEXR j AGER j BEDDAT j k i a i i i L ij = S ij - S ij ---------- S ij S ij = k i POP j a i SEXR j i AGER j i BEDDAT

More information

09È«¼®¿µ 5~152s

09È«¼®¿µ5~152s Korean Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol.23, No.2, 2007, pp.45~52 Measurement of Backscattering Coefficients of Rice Canopy Using a Ground Polarimetric Scatterometer System Suk-Young Hong*, Jin-Young Hong**,

More information

기관고유연구사업결과보고

기관고유연구사업결과보고 기관고유연구사업결과보고 작성요령 2001 ~ 2004 2005 ~ 2007 2008 ~ 2010 2001 ~ 2004 2005 ~ 2007 2008 ~ 2010 1 2/3 2 1 0 2 3 52 0 31 83 12 6 3 21 593 404 304 1,301 4 3 1 8 159 191 116 466 6 11 (`1: (1: 16 33 44 106

More information

목차 ⅰ ⅲ ⅳ Abstract v Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ i

목차 ⅰ ⅲ ⅳ Abstract v Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ i 11-1480523-000748-01 배경지역 ( 백령도 ) 에서의 대기오염물질특성연구 (Ⅲ) 기후대기연구부대기환경연구과,,,,,,, Ⅲ 2010 목차 ⅰ ⅲ ⅳ Abstract v Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ i 목차 Ⅳ ii 목차 iii 목차 iv 목차 μg m3 μg m3 v 목차 vi Ⅰ. 서론 Ⅰ μm μg m3 1 Ⅰ. 서론 μg m3 μg m3 μg m3 μm 2

More information

., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994), () 65, 4 51, (,, ). 33, 4 30, 23 3 (, ) () () 25, (),,,, (,,, 2015b). 1 5,

., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994), () 65, 4 51, (,, ). 33, 4 30, 23 3 (, ) () () 25, (),,,, (,,, 2015b). 1 5, * 4.,, 3,,, 3,, -., 3, 12, 27, 20. 9,,,,,,,,. 6,,,,,. 5,,,,.. * (2016),. (Corresponding Author): / / 303 Tel: 063-225-4496 / E-mail: jnj1015@jj.ac.kr ., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994), 2000. 2015 () 65, 4 51,

More information