MSE TG 2-13

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1 G. K. Ferrar / B. Cothren / 김미영

2 I m supposed to K: I m sure you also enjoyed stargazing when you were a kid. S: Of course. It was always amazing and I still enjoy looking into the sky at night. K: Have you ever seen a shooting star? S: I still remember seeing a shooting star for the very first time. K: Wasn t it amazing? S: It sure was. K: I think we can change this a little bit. S: Yes, you can say, I have to do some homework tonight. or I must do some homework tonight. It s like a strong obligation in this case. K: Did you like comic books? S: Sure. Who doesn t? I used to love to read Superman, Spiderman, Wonder Woman, etc. K: I don t see. means I don t know. S: That s right, so it can be I don t know what s so exciting about a few stars. And also you can say, I don t know why it s so exciting to see a few stars. How did you know that How did you know that? Why did Ju-no change his mind? Because his father said, If you don t want to stargaze on second thought with Mom, you can help me clean up. Just because we live in the city doesn t mean I ve never seen the stars before. On second thought I m supposed to do some homework tonight. You just want to read comic books. You can t fool me. be supposed to... comic book fool stargaze 444 LISTENING 445

S: Yes, you can say, I have to do some homework tonight. or I must do some homework tonight. It s like a strong obligation in this case. K: Did you like comic books? S: Sure. Who doesn t?

3 K: Sammy, can this sentence be shorter? S: Yes, you can make it simple like, There are a lot more of them than I thought. there would be K: I think everybody knows what twinkle means. S: I think so, too. Twinkle twinkle little star. How I wonder what you are. You know that. K: You know why she said make a wish? S: Of course. Because she knows her wish will come true, if she wishes on a shooting star. What a pity! Why couldn t Ju-na make a wish on a shooting star? There are a lot more of them than I thought there would be. Because it disappeared so quickly. I know how to make a wish quickly. What a pity Why do the stars twinkle? They re winking at me. twinkle wink nonsense shooting star disappear quickly make a wish pity 446 LISTENING 447

Because she knows her wish will come true, if she wishes on a shooting star. What a pity! Why couldn t Ju-na make a wish on a shooting star?

4 K: How clever! S: Yes, he is very clever. It was awesome K: OK. I think I m going to look into the sky tonight. S: Me too. I want to go back to my childhood and forget about work for a while. How was the stargazing What did Ju-na say about Ju-no s way of wishing? That is a good idea! Give a number to every wish. It s getting chilly. How was the stargazing? Great! It was awesome. Next time I ll be sure to make a wish. give a number to... chilly awesome be sure to LISTENING 449

How was the stargazing What did Ju-na say about Ju-no s way of wishing? That is a good idea! Give a number to every wish.

5 How supposed to how be supposed to... How did you know that? Where did you learn that? You re supposed to be here by 8:00 p.m. How was...? TRY IT TRY IT bring your telescope / If you want to see the lunar eclipse, you re supposed to bring your telescope. stay up / If you want to see the lunar eclipse, you re supposed to stay up. K: Sammy, we need an example now. S: OK. I m supposed to meet him this afternoon. It ll be a great experience. I m supposed to buy tickets first. Where did you learn that? / Where did you learn that? You re under Capricorn. How was the astronomy field trip? It must have been great viewing. lunar eclipse astronomy TRY IT your blind date / How was your blind date? telescope be grounded for... stay up the opera / How was the opera? capricorn calm commet field trip deliberate fiction 450 TALK TIPS 451

K: Sammy, we need an example now. S: OK. I m supposed to meet him this afternoon. It ll be a great experience. I m supposed to buy tickets first. Where did you learn that? / Where did you learn that?

6 b e a d c f 1 A: 2 A: 3 A: 4 (b) A: A: A: K: OK, which one is the answer? S: That sounds great. This one can t be an answer, because the answer should be your opinion or feeling. (e) (a) (d) (c) (f) 6 A: 7 A: 8 A: A: A: K: And so the answer is... S: Interesting. And cannot be an answer even though this is an opinion, because if the book was boring, person A will not borrow the book from person B. A: A: A: A: A: 5 A: Pistol A: K: OK, the answer is obvious now. S: It sure is. Person A wants person B s opinion, so person B has to answer with his opinion. Pistol 452 TALK TIPS TEST 453

(e) (a) (d) (c) (f) 6 A: 7 A: 8 A: A: A: K: And so the answer is... S: Interesting.

7 K: You know how important the constellation was 하나의 별자리 - 문화에 따라 보는 눈이 달랐다 long time ago. 고대 사람들이 별에 매혹되었던 것을 연구하는 것은 흥미진 S: Sure, it was very very important. K: Can you tell us when could be the one? S: One example could be when they were out in the 진하다. 옛날 사람들은 별자리에 대한 이야기들을 만들어냄으 로써 캄캄한 하늘과 수많은 작은 빛들에 의미를 부여하려고 했 ocean. They needed to look at a specific constellation when they wanted to go back to their town at night, and another example, farmers used the constellation for reaping and harvesting. 다. 북두칠성은 아마도 가장 잘 알려진 별자리일 것이다. 여러 문화들이 그 별자리에 대한 이야기를 가지고 있을 뿐만 아니라 그 별자리를 이용하는 방식들을 발견했다. 아메리카 원주민 문화에서는, 사람들이 사냥으로 연명했다. 사냥꾼들은 좋은 시력을 갖는 것이 중요했다. 아메리카 원주민 K: What does native American mean? 부족의 연장자들은 젊은 사람들에게 북두칠성의 손잡이에 있는 S: American Indian. 별들을 묘사해 보라고 요청함으로써 미래의 사냥꾼들을 가려냈 K: What is a double star? 다. 만일 한 젊은이가 이중성을 보았다면, 연장자들은 그의 시 S: A double star is a star which looks like one star with the naked eye. 력이 사냥하는 데 아무 문제가 없을 만큼 좋다는 것을 알았다. 가장 잘 알려진 별자리는 무엇인가? 사냥꾼들에게 중요한 것은 무엇이었나? 아메리카 원주민 부족의 연장자들이 미래의 사냥꾼을 가려내는 방법 북두칠성. 북두칠성은 좋은 시력. 하면? 아마도 가장 잘 알려진 별자리일 것이다. 를 영어로 The Big Dipper is probably the best known constellation. 은? 젊은이들에게 북두칠성의 손잡이에 있는 별들을 묘사하도록 사냥꾼들은 좋은 시력을 갖는 것이 중요했다. 를 영어로 하면? 한 후, 그 중 이중성을 본 이가 있다면 그의 시력이 좋다는 것을 알 It was important for the hunters to have good 고 그를 사냥꾼으로 가려냈다. eyesight. How did people survive in native American cultures? 연장자들은 They survived by hunting. 그의 시력이 사냥하는 데 아무 문제가 없을 만큼 좋다 는 것을 알았다. 를 영어로 하면? The elders knew his eyesight was good enough for hunting. 단어와 숙어 fascination 매혹, 매력 tiny 작은 constellation 별자리 The Big Dipper 북두칠성 454 eyesight 시력 tribal 부족의 identify 확인하다, 판정하다 describe 묘사하다 handle 손잡이 double star 이중성(二重星) READING 455

They needed to look at a specific constellation when they wanted to go back to their town at night, and another example, farmers used the constellation for reaping and harvesting. 다.

8 In ancient China s culture, what did each star in the Big Dipper represent? One Chinese province. Ancient China was a vast civilization. Chinese astrologers predicted trouble in that province. They saw the very same constellation we see today. American slaves sang songs which used the Big Dipper as a secret code. vast ruler represent province astrologer predict secret code escape suit 456 READING 457

They saw the very same constellation we see today.

9 T T F T F T 격언 한마디 Courage is resistance to fear, mastery of fear, not absence of fear. -- Mark Twain -용기는 두려움을 느끼지 않는 것이 아니라 두려움에 저항하고 두려움을 극복하는 것이다. -- 마크 트웨인

10 K: Sammy, plenty means? S: plenty in this sentence means quite or very, so you can change it to although still quite hot or although still very hot. Some of them are bluish, some are reddish, and some are yellowish. A star s color tells us how hot or cold it is. Although still plenty hot! not too hot and not too cold K: Which one is the answer? S: light pollution. It is the unwanted glow of city lights shining up into the night sky. K: I think this is related to the third question. S: Thath s right. We just talked about light pollution, so urban areas are the worst places to see stars at night. Have you ever been somewhere such as an isolated mountain, forest or desert? The sky is splattered with zillions of stars. Stargazing in the city is very different from that in the country. bluish yellowish reddish plenty isolated remote splatter zillions of urban rural pollution glow 460 READING TEST 461

S: light pollution. It is the unwanted glow of city lights shining up into the night sky. K: I think this is related to the third question. S: Thath s right.

11 for It of of It s romantic to camp out under the stars. It s impossible to count all the stars in the sky. It... to... It... to... to it forto to to for of K: So if we make a full sentence? S: It s difficult to know how many stars there are. K: What does a great unknown mean? S: It means something which everyone wonders about but which no one knows the answer, too. It s fun to observe them. It s difficult to know. It s romantic to camp out under the stars. It s not easy for beginners to use a telescope. It s important for astronauts to stay healthy. It s kind of you to take me to go stargazing. Venus Mars Jupiter Saturn naked eye Mercury Uranus distinguish Neptune Pluto beginner foolish astronaut fantastic space suit 462 GRAMMAR TIPS 463

It s fun to observe them. It s difficult to know. It s romantic to camp out under the stars. It s not easy for beginners to use a telescope. It s important for astronauts to stay healthy.

12 too to can t so that too ~ to... too ~ to... so ~ thatcan t(couldn t) It s too cold to go out....of talking... What do you do in your free time? I enjoy watching the stars at night. K: Sammy, what does bundle up mean here? S: It means dress warmly. I m supposed to gaze up at the stars for my report tonight. David David was too sick to go stargazing. That telescope is too expensive to buy. That s why you re fond of talking about the stars. The constellations were helpful for remembering the stars. Using a telescope is necessary for stargazers. K: So the answer has to be... S: Fast. The shooting star disappeared too fast to make a wish. This is a contextual question, rather than a grammatical question. be fond of... consider gaze up universe surf recognize bundle up huge stargazer observe 464 GRAMMAR TIPS 465

That telescope is too expensive to buy. That s why you re fond of talking about the stars. The constellations were helpful for remembering the stars. Using a telescope is necessary for stargazers.

13 too to to do for of observing going for Clue to it 7 8 Clue of us for us to observing to observe for slice for slicing for her of her K: And this one? S: Not for her. It should be of her because we have clever which indicates a person s characteristics. dim to see watching Clue to of+ Clue sothat can tcouldn t too to 4 Liz K: Sammy, how can we chage observe? S: In this sentence, the answer has to be observing, since there is a preposition in. 5 Clue it GRAMMAR TIPS TEST 467

It should be of her because we have clever which indicates a person s characteristics.

14 1 와! 별 엄청 많다. 그래, 정말 많다. 한 줄로 늘어선 밝은 별 세 개 보이니? 응, 그게 뭔데? 오리온의 일부분이야! 그걸 어떻게 알았니? 와, 저기 별 많은 것 좀 봐. 아름답지 않니? ② 과학 현장학습에서 그것에 대해 배웠어. 응, 난 지금 보고 있는 것만큼 많은 별들을 본 적이 한번도 없어. ③ 난 오리온을 아주 좋아해. 날씨가 너무 좋아서 오늘 밤 별이 많이 보이는 거야. 너도 알다시피, ④ 넌 겨울에 오리온을 볼 수 있어. 별을 관찰하는 일은 날씨, 기상 상태, 그리고 불빛 공해 정도에 달렸잖아. 2 ② I learned about it on a science field trip. ③ I like Orion very much. ④ You can see Orion in winter. Wow, look at all those stars. Aren t they wonderful? Yes, I ve never seen as many as I see now. It s such perfect weather that you can see many stars tonight. You know, stargazing depends on the weather, sky conditions, and the amount of light pollution. What is the easiest constellation to find in the night sky? I think the Big Dipper. Can you tell me how to find it? When you look at the night sky, you can see a group of seven bright stars of the sky. It looks like a dipper, so you can find it easily. 밤하늘에서 가장 찾기 쉬운 별자리는 뭐에요? 내 생각엔 북두칠성 같구나. 그걸 어떻게 찾는지 말씀해 주실래요? 밤하늘을 쳐다보면, 일곱 개의 빛나는 별무리를 볼 수 있을 거야. 그건 7 M: 남자: 3 8 M: M: I m looking forward to summer vacation. What are you planning to do? I m going to climb Sorak mountain. I ll also go to the beach near it and swim there, and I m planning to go stargazing at night. Great. I really envy you. 나 여름방학을 학수고대하고 있어. 뭐 할 계획인데? 설악산으로 등산하러 갈 거야. 그 근처의 해변에 가서 수영도 하고 밤엔 별을 관찰하러 갈 계획이야. 4 5 M: 그런 말을 들으니 매우 기쁘네요. Smith선생님 덕분이죠. Hello. Seoul Gallery. Could you tell me the gallery s hours? Sure. Nine to five on weekdays, and ten to three on weekends. Are you open on Sundays, too? Yes, we are. I see. Thank you very much. 남자: 여보세요. 서울 갤러리입니다. 갤러리 시간 좀 알려주시겠어요? 남자: 네. 주중에는 9시부터 5시까지고 주말에는 10시부터 3시까지입니다. 일요일에도 문을 여나요? 남자: 네, 그렇습니다. 알겠습니다. 고맙습니다. 9 ① How was your trip? I like traveling. 여행 어땠니? 난 여행을 좋아해. ② M: How did you know about the sale? I saw an ad in a newspaper. 남자: 그 세일에 대해 어떻게 알았니? 신문에서 광고를 봤거든요. ③ What do you do in your free time? I m watching TV now. 안녕, Cathy! 학교에 일찍 왔네. 뭐 타고 오니? 보통은 자전거 타고 다니는데 오늘은 버스 타고 왔어. Bill,넌? 난 보통 지하철 타고 학교에 와. 그게 버스보다 더 빨라. 여가엔 뭘 하니? What does your father do, Bill? He s an astronomer. Does he like his job? Yes. He really likes observing the stars and studying them. 난 지금 TV 봐. Bill, 너의 아버지 무슨 일 하시니? 아버진 천문학자세요. 하시는 일을 좋아하시니? 예. 아버진 별을 관찰하고 연구하는 일을 아주 좋아하세요. 468 Hi, Cathy! You came to school early. How do you come? Usually by bicycle, but today I came by bus. How about you, Bill? I usually come to school by subway. It s faster than the bus. 당신의 아들, Jude는 훌륭한 학생이에요. 그 앤 중간고사 시험에서도 6 좋겠다. 정말 부러운걸. Your son, Jude, is an excellent student. He did very well on the mid-term exams, and he won a gold medal in an athletic meet. I m so glad to hear that. He owes it to you, Mr. Smith. 아주 잘 했고, 체육대회에서는 금메달을 땄어요. 국자처럼 생겨서 쉽게 찾을 수가 있단다. ① 그걸 알기는 쉬워. Wow! There are so many stars. Yes, there really are. Can you see the three bright stars in a row? Yes, what are they? That s part of Orion! How did you know that? ① It s easy to know it. ④ What are you going to do tomorrow? I m too tired to go there. 내일 뭐 할 거니? 전 너무 피곤해서 거기 못 가요. 10 Richard, you spend too much time playing computer games. Did you finish your homework? No, but it doesn t have to be done today. I ll finish it this weekend. Why don t you do it right away? You re supposed to visit grandma this weekend. Richard, 너 컴퓨터 게임 하는 데 너무 많은 시간을 보내는구 나. 숙제는 다 했니? 아니오, 숙제 오늘 할 필요 없어요. 이번 주말에 끝낼거에요. 지금 하는 게 어떠니? 이번 주말엔 할머니 댁을 방문해야 하 잖니. 듣기평가 469

④ You can see Orion in winter. Wow, look at all those stars. Aren t they wonderful? Yes, I ve never seen as many as I see now. It s such perfect weather that you can see many stars tonight.

15 A 행성에 대한 다음 글을 읽고 빈 상자에 행성의 이름을 쓰세요. 태양계에는 아홉 개의 행성이 있다. 명왕성은 가장 작고 태양에서 가장 멀리 떨어져 있다. 목성은 그 중 가장 크다. 그것은 태양으로부터 다섯째 행성이다. 수성은 태양에 가장 가까이 있다. 금성은 지구와 가장 가 까이 있고 수성 옆에 있는 행성이다. 해왕성은 명왕성과 가장 가깝다. 천왕성은 명왕성에 둘 째로 가까이 있 다. 지구와 천왕성 사이에는 세 개의 행성이 있다. 그 행성들 중 하나는 둘레에 고리가 있는 토성이다. 그것 은 모든 행성들 중에 둘 째로 크며 태양으로부터 여섯째 행성이다. 화성은 지구와 목성 사이에 있다. Venus Mars Jupiter Saturn Neptune 별 - 알퐁스 도데 어머나, 진짜 많네! 정말 아름답다! 난 전에 이렇게 많은 별을 본 적이 없어. 목동, 너는 저 별들의 이름을 알고 있지? 물론이죠, 아가씨... 보세요, 우리 바로 위에 있는 것이 성 제임스의 길 (은하수) 이랍니다. 프랑스에서 곧장 스페인 상공으로 통하지요. 갈리스의 성 제임스가 사라센 사람들과 전쟁을 할 때, 우리의 위대한 샤를마뉴 대왕께 길을 알려주기 위해서 그것을 거기에 놓아 두었답니다. 좀 더 저쪽으로, 네 개의 반짝이는 축이 달린 영혼들의 마차(큰곰자리) 가 보이죠? 그 앞에 있는 별 세 개가 세 마리 짐승 이에요. 그리고 세 번째 별 가까이에 있는 아주 작 은 별이 마차부 지요. 그 주변에 빗발치듯이 떨어지는 별들이 보이죠? 그것 들은 하느님께서 자기 옆에 두고 싶어하지 않는 영혼들이랍니다. 그리고 저 기 좀 낮은 쪽에, 갈퀴 또는 삼왕성(오리온) 이 있어요. 우리 목동들은 그 것들을 시계로 이용하지요. 그것들을 쳐다보기만 해도, 난 지금 자정이 지났 다는 걸 알 수 있답니다. 역시 남쪽으로 좀 더 아래로 내려가서, 횃불처럼 타 오르는 천랑성(시리우스) 을 볼 수 있죠. 목동들이 저 별을 두고 하는 얘기 은 삼왕성 과 닭장(북두칠성) 과 함께 그들 가 있어요. 어느 날 밤, 천랑성 의 친구인 어떤 별의 결혼식에 초대를 받았다고 해요. 결혼식에 가는 데 가장 열성을 보인 닭장 은 맨 먼저 출발해 윗길로 접어들었어요. 저 위쪽으로, 바 로 하늘의 꼭대기에 있죠. 삼왕성 은 아래 길로 접어들어서 그를 따라잡았 어요. 그러나 게으른 천랑성 은 늦잠을 자다가 뒤처졌어요. 그리고는 너무 화가 나서는 그들을 멈추게 하려고 자신의 지팡이를 그들에게 던졌죠. 그래 서 삼왕성 을 천랑성 의 지팡이라고도 부른답니다

정말 아름답다! 난 전에 이렇게 많은 별을 본 적이 없어. 목동, 너는 저 별들의 이름을 알고 있지? 물론이죠, 아가씨... 보세요, 우리 바로 위에 있는 것이 성 제임스의 길 (은하수) 이랍니다. 프랑스에서 곧장 스페인 상공으로 통하지요.

16 1 A: 8 Tony A: 2 A: A: K: What do we have to put in the blank? S: How. Because person B said he studied astronomy, so person A may ask like How do you know that? 9 Clue A: A: A: A: A: NASA 3 (c) (a) 10 c a to b call d 4 5 (b) (d) 11 Clue It is difficult for Tom to go there. for of so too see seeing a d c b Clue wish wishing 6 12 (a) (d) (c) (b) for 7 13 A: A: A:

9 Clue A: A: A: A: A: NASA 3 (c) (a) 10 c a to b call d 4 5 (b) (d) 11 Clue It is difficult

17 remembering K: OK. We have a preposition for and a verb remember. So we have to change this into a different form. S: That s right. should be remembering, because we have a preposition for here. 21 A: A: IAU (4) [16~18] 18 [19~20] 19 K: We can find the answer easily if we see the last part of the passage. S: That s right. This one is an advertisement. [22~23] 23 [24~25] 25 K: Sammy, why were the people long ago frightened by the sight of a comet? S: I think you can find the answer from these two sentences, Comets did not look like anything else in the sky. and Comets did not seem to appear on any schedule

21 A: A: IAU (4) [16~18] 18 [19~20] 19 K: We can find the answer easily if we see the last part of the passage. S: That s right.

Page 2 of 6 Here are the rules for conjugating Whether (or not) and If when using a Descriptive Verb. The only difference here from Action Verbs is wh

Page 2 of 6 Here are the rules for conjugating Whether (or not) and If when using a Descriptive Verb. The only difference here from Action Verbs is wh Page 1 of 6 Learn Korean Ep. 13: Whether (or not) and If Let s go over how to say Whether and If. An example in English would be I don t know whether he ll be there, or I don t know if he ll be there.