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1 1. ( ) (1) 2. (CAS ) (1) 3. ( ) (13) 4. ( ) (2519)

2 10, ( ) ( : ) ( : ) (1997 ).,, HS, UN ( ). CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number ) (ACS; American Chemical Society ).. HS (Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System ) HS 10,.. RT ECS (Registry of T oxic Effects of Chemical Substances) (NIOSH ) DB.. UN, - -

3 UN. "National Chemical Inventories" DB UN. 2., ) (LD50 LC5 0 ),,,. 2) EU. 1 (Cat. 1) : 2 (Cat. 2) : 3 (Cat. 1) : 3) EU. 1 (Cat. 1) : ). ) 2 (Cat. 2) : ), 2 - -

4 . ), 2. 3 (Cat. 3) : ), 2 2. ), ) IARC, NT P, EU, EPA (, NT P- b). ) IARC(International Agency for Research on Cancer ) Group 1 : (carcinogenic to humans) Group 2A : (probably carcinogenic to humans) Group 2B : (possibly carcinogenic to humans) Group 3 : (not classifiable as its carcinogenicity to humans) Group 4 : (T he agent is probably not carcinogenic to humans) - -

5 ) NT P (National T oxicology Program ) Group A : (Known to be carcinogen ) Group B : (Reasonably anticipated to be car cinogen s) ) EPA Group A : (Human carcinogen ) Group B : (Probable human carcinogen ) B1 : B2 : Group C : (Prossible human carcinogen) Group D : (Not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity) Group E : (Evidence of noncarcinogenicity for humans) ) ACGIH(American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists) A 1 : (Confirmed human carcinogen ) A2 : (Suspected human carcinogen) A3 : (Animal carcinogen ) A4 : (Not classifiable as a carcinogen ) A5 : (Not suspected as a human carcinogen ) ) EEC- 1 : EEC- 2 : EEC- 3 :..,,,. - -

6 .,,,,.. " (97-65 ) ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists ) 1 (T ime weighted Average, T WA ), (Short T erm Exposure Limit, ST EL) (Ceilling, C) [ 2].. ( ) (Department Of T ransportation )..,. - -

7 ,,,. - -

8 1

9 [Sodium peroxide ; 1313 : CAS : HS : RTECS : WD UN : 1504 : [Sodium perox ide; ] 5% : : Sodium peroxide Sodium dioxide Disodium dioxide Disodium peroxide Sodium oxide (Na2O2) ( ) : Na2O2 (77.98) - : 657 ( ) - : 460 ( ) - : 2.805(20 ) - :. - ( ). - 20%. - (250kcal/ kg ) (,,, ). 3

10 [Sodium peroxide ; /. -,,. - ( ),.. -,,. -,,. - (Hexamethylenetetramine). - 2 (rat ).. *. -,,,. - (primary systemic effects). -.,. - Bluegill(, ) : 24.5ppm/ 24hr Prawns (, LC5 0 ) : 42.5ppm/ 48hr.,,, 4

11 [Sodium peroxide ; (,, ),,,. -. ( ) ,. -, ,.... -,,

12 [Sodium peroxide ; ,, ( ),,,. -, (rail car ), (,, ). -.,. - (( ), ( )

13 [Hydrogen Peroxide ; 7722 : CAS : HS : RTECS : MX UN : 2014, 2015, 2984 : : : Hydrogen peroxide Oxidol [Hy dr og en per ox ide ; ] 6% ( ) : H 2O2 (34.02) - : : ph : - : 1mmHg (15.3 ) - :,,. - : : 1.245mPa.s - : (3 98%). - ( ) %. -. 7

14 [Hydrogen Peroxide ; , (Acetanilide) As2S3, Cl2 + KOH, CuS, FeS, FeSO Methylpryidine + H2SO4, HNO3, H2Se, HgO + HNO3, KMnO4, P2O5, Alcohols + H2SO4, Alcohols + T in chloride, Acetal + Acetic acid + Heat, Acetic acid + n- heterocycles(50 ), 2- Amino- 4- methyloxazole + Iron(II) catalyst, Antimony trisulfide, Aromatic hydrocarbons + Trifluoroacetic acid, Azeliac acid + Sulfuric acid (45 ), Benzenesulfonic anhydride, tert- Butanol + Sulfuric acid, Carboxylic acids, Chlorosulfonic acid, 5- Dimethyl- 3- hexanol + Sulfuric acid, uns- Dimethyl hydrazine, Dimethylphenylphosphine, Diphenyl diselenide (53 ), 2- thoyxethanol + Polyacrylamide gel + T oluene + Heat, Formic acid + Organic matter, Gadolinium hydroxide(80 ), Gallium + Hydrochloric acid, Hydrazine, Hydrogen + Palladium catalysts, Iron(II) sulfate + 2- Methylpyridine + Sulfuric acid, Iron(II) sulfate + Nitric acid + Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, Ketenes + Nitric acid, Lead dioxide, Lead oxide, Lead sulfide, Manganese dioxide, Mercuric oxide, Mercurous oxide, Methanol + Copper sulfate + Cyanide residues, Methanol + T ert- amines + Platinum catalysts, 2- Methyl- 1- phenyl- 2- propanol + Sulfuric acid, Molybdenum disulfide, Nitric acid + ketones(2- Butanone; 3- Pentanone; Cyclopentanone; Cyclohexanone; 3- Methylcyclohexanone), Nitric acid + Soils, Sodium iodate, Sulfuric acid, T etrahydrothiophene, T hiodiglycol, Trioxane, Water, Water + oxygenated compounds( acetaldehyde; acetic acid; acetone; ethanol; formaldehyde; formic acid; methanol; 2- propanol; propionaldehyde), Vinyl acetatecetic anhydride, Acetone cyanohydrin, Acetone + Nitric acid, Acetone + Potassium 8

15 [Hydrogen Peroxide ; 7722 dichromate, Acetonitrile, Acrolein, Acrylonitrile, Acrylonitrile + Water, Alcohols + hydrogen peroxide, Allyl alcohol, Allyl chloride, 2- Aminoethanol, Ammonium hydroxide, Ammonium triperchromate, Aniline, Bromates + Metals, Bromine pentafluoride, n- Butyraldehyde, Carbides, Cesium acetylene carbide, Chlorates, Chlorates + Metals, Chlorine trifluoride, Chlorosulfonic acid, Cuprous nitride, Diisobutylene, Dimethylbenzylcarbinol + Hydrogen peroxide, Epichlorohydrin, Ethyl alcohol + Hydrogen peroxide, Ethylene cyanohydrin, Ethylene diamine, Ethylene glycol, Ethylenimine, Fulminates, Hydrochloric acid, Hydrofluoric acid, Iodine heptafluoride, Indane + Nitric acid, Iron - (90% ) : 1,518 / (LD50, rat ) : 2g/ m 3 / 4hr (LC5 0, rat ) : 880 / kg (LD5 0, mouse) - ( hairy tongue ) %. (internal bleeding ) DNA. DNA. - 9

16 [Hydrogen Peroxide ; T WA 1ppm, 1.5mg/ m 3 - ACGIH T WA 1ppm, 1.4mg/ m 3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,. ( ),, ( ) 10

17 [Hydrogen Peroxide ; , , ( ),,,.. -, (rail car ), m (,, ) 11

18 [Hydrogen Peroxide ; , - (( ), ( ) m. 12

19 [Urea peroxide ; 124 : CAS : HS : RTECS : YT UN : 1511 : [Urea peroxide; ] 17% : : Urea peroxide Carbamide peroxide Urea hydrogen peroxide Urea, compound with hydrogen peroxide(1:1) ( ) : CH 4N2O.H 2O2 (94.09) - : : 0.8(20 ) - : - 300cal/ g - : (82.2g/ 100ml, 20 ) %

20 [Urea peroxide ; ,. -,,, ,.. -, ACGHI (H 2O2 ) ,,, ( ). -,,. -, (dust - proof goggle), ( )

21 [Urea peroxide ; ,. - (mouth - to- mouth ). -,. -,.. - (charcoal slurry ), (saline cathartic), (35% ) ( : g, : 10 15g, 50g.). - (diazepam ).( : 5 10mg, : mg/ kg ) , (positive pressure self- contained breathing apparatus ). -. -,. /

22 [Urea peroxide ; ( ) ,,. -, (rail car ), (,, ) m., (rail car ) 800m.,.,, (foamed polyurethane), (foamed concrete) (fly ash),. 16

23 [Urea peroxide ; (, vermiculite), (( ), ( ).. 17

24 [Guazat ine ; : CAS : HS : RTECS : MF UN : - : [ G u a z a t i n e ; ] 3.5% : : Guazatine Iminoctadine 1, 17 - D i g u a n i d i n o azaheptadecane B i s (8 - g u a n id in ooc t y l ) amine ( ) : C18H4 1N 7 (355.66) - : : mbar (20 ) - :

25 [Guazat ine ; : 300m g/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 300mg/ kg (LD5 0, m ou se) : 73mg/ m 3 / 4hr (LC50, rat ) : 1,500mg/ kg (LD50, mouse) -,, , ACGIH ( ) -,,. - (positive pressure selfcontained breathing apparatus)

26 [Guazat ine ; ( : pocket mask ).. (mouth - to- mouth ) ( )... -,,,. -, (fog ),. 20

27 [Guazat ine ; , (rail car ), m ,. -., -,.. 21

28 [Gl ut ar a l dehyde ; 11 : CAS : HS : RTECS : MA UN : - : [Glu - taraldehyde; ] : 1,5- : Glutaraldehyde 1,5- Pentanedial OH C - (CH 2 )3 - CH O ( ) : CHO(CH 2 )3CHO(100.11) - : (100%), 101 (50%) - : - 14 (100%), - 21 (50%) - : 0.72(100%), 1.13(50%) - (20 ) : 17mmHg (100%), 2.04Pa (50%) - ( =1) : : - : - (log Pow ) : 0.01(50% ) - (odour threshold) : 0.04ppm - :,,,.. - ( ). - 22

29 [Gl ut ar a l dehyde ; (strong oxidizer ). -.,,,,. -,,,.. - : 480mg/ m 3 / 4hr (LC50, rat ) : 134mg/ kg (LD5 0,rat ), 100mg/ kg (LD50, mouse) 50mg/ kg (LD5 0, guinea pig ) : 2,500mg/ kg (LD50, rat ), 5840mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse) : / kg (LD5 0,rat ), / kg (LD50, mouse) : 9800 / kg (LD5 0,rat ), / kg (LD50, mouse) - : 250 / 24hr - [Standard Draize test] : 6mg/ 3D (human ) - [Standard Draize test] 2mg/ 24hr (rabbit) - [Standard Draize test] -,,. -,,,. -, %,,. 23

30 [Gl ut ar a l dehyde ; 11 -, (ph 5), 102 (ph 7), 46 (ph 9) ph. - (moderately ) (algae). - T WA 0.7mg/ m 3 - ACGIH T WA -, 0.8mg/ m 3 ST EL/ CEILING(C) : 0.2ppm, 0.82mg/ m 3 (0.13 2%), (2% ), (5% ),, X- ray,, (cross- linking reagent ), (,, ), (,, ), (, ). ( ) -, (neoprene), 24

31 [Gl ut ar a l dehyde ; 11 (goggles), ,. (mouth - to- mouth ). -, 15,. -,. ( ml) ( : 15ml/ kg.).. (charcoal slurry ), (saline cathartic), ( : g, : 15 30g ) ,. -. -,,,. 25

32 [Gl ut ar a l dehyde ; , - (soda ash ) (dry lime). 26

33 [Gl yc i dyl acr yl at e ; : CAS : HS : RTECS : AS UN : - : [Gly cidyl acrylat e; ] : : Glycidyl acrylate 2,3- Epoxypropyl acrylate ( ) : C6H8O3 (128.14) - : : 57 (2mmHg ) - :. - : (20 ) - ( =1) : : 61 (open cup) - :

34 [Gl yc i dyl acr yl at e ; -. -,, : 210mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ) : 400 / kg (LD5 0, rabbit ) : 125ppm/ 4hr (LCLo, rat ) - : 50 / 24hr (rabbit) - (Standard Draize test ) : 2mg/ 24hr (rabbit) - (Standard Draize test) (monomer ),. - (, salivation ),...,, (trialkyltin ester) (crosslinking agent), -. - (monomer ). 28

35 [Gl yc i dyl acr yl at e ; ( ) -,,, (splash - proof goggle). - (positive pressure selfcontained breathing apparatus) ( : pocket mask ).. (mouth - to- mouth)

36 [Gl yc i dyl acr yl at e ; ( )... -,,. -, (fog ). -, (rail car ), m ,. -., -,.. 30

37 [Sodi um; : CAS : HS : RTECS : VY UN : 1428 : : : Sodium Natrium [Sodium ; ] ( ) : Na (22.99) - : : : 1.2mmHg (400 ) - :,,,. - : 0.968(20 / 4 ) - : 27.4cal/ g

38 [Sodi um; , Aluminum br omide, Aluminum chloride, Aluminum fluoride, Antimony tribr omide, Antimony trichloride, Antimony triiodide, Ar senic trichloride, Ar senic triiodide, Bismuth tribr omide, Bismuth trichloride, Bismuth triiodide, Bor on tribr omide, Cupric chloride, F errou s chloride, Iodine monobromide, Manganou s chloride, Mercuric br omide, Mercuric chloride, Mercuric fluoride, Mercuric iodide, Mer curou s chloride, Silicon tetr achloride, Silv er fluoride, Stannic chloride, Stannic iodide + Sulfur, Stannou s chloride, Sulfur dibromide, T hallous bromide, Vanadium pentachloride, Zinc bromide - : 4g/ kg (LD50, mouse). - (, ),, ,, 200mg 32

39 [Sodi um; ,,, -,,,. -,, ( ). -,,. -,, (dust - proof goggle), ,. - (mouth - to- mouth ). -,. 33

40 [Sodi um; ,.. - (charcoal slurry ) (saline cathartic) n -,. -, (positive pressure self- contained breathing apparatus) / ,,. -,,. -, ( ),. -, (rail car ),. 34

41 [Sodi um; m., (rail car ) 800m., - ( ), ( )... 35

42 [Na l ed; 300- : CAS : HS : RTECS : TB UN : 2783 : [Naled; ] 1% : : Naled Dibrom Dimethyl 1,2- dibromo- 2,2- dichloroethyl phosphate ( ) : C4H7Br2Cl2O4P (380.8) - : : 27 (100%) - : mmhg (20.8 ) () - : 500 ppm (25 ) (. ) - : 1.96(20 ) - ( =1) : 13.1( ) ( % ). * DDVP, DCA, BDCA DDVP DCA, BDVA 36

43 [Na l ed; (15 ) : 52mg/ kg (LD50, duck ), 330mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse) : 156m g/ m 3 / 2hr (LD 5 0, m ou se ), 7700 / kg (LD 5 0, rat ) : 42mg/ 21D(skin ) Bluegills (, LC5 0 ) : 0.22mg/ l/ 24hr, 0.18mg/ l/ 96hr Brook trout (, LC5 0 ) : 0.078mg/ l/ 48hr. 37

44 [Na l ed; T WA 3mg/ m 3 - ACGIH T WA 3mg/ m 3 -, ,,. ( ),,, ,.. -,

45 [Na l ed; (clay ) ( ) (Halo Acid) (Acid Scrubber ).. - ( ) ( ),,,. -,,. - ( ). -, (rail car ),. 39

46 [Na l ed; (,, ) , - (sodium bicarbonate) (soda ash )/ (slaked lime). (( ), ( ).... ( ) -.,, (foamed concrete) 40

47 [Na l ed; (sodium bicarbonate) (soda ash )/ (slaked lime). *. *. 41

48 [Lead compoun : CAS : - HS : - RTECS : - UN : - : : : Lead compounds [Lead compounds], (Lead tetroxide), (Basic lead sulfate), (Lead carbonate) Che mica l Name CAS HS RTECS UN ( ) Dibasic lead HO5PPb3. H2O OG phosphite (742.56) Lead acetate C4H6O4.Pb (325.29) AI Lead chloride Cl2Pb (278.09) OF Lead chromate CrO4.Pb (323.19) GB Lead dioxide O2Pb (239.19) OG Lead nit rate N2O6.Pb (331.21) OG Lead oxide OPb (223.19) OG Lead thiocyanate Pb(SCN)2 (323.4) Lead acetate - :

49 [Lead compoun - : (44.3g/ 100cc, 20 ), (221g/ 100cc, 50 ). - : 3.25(20 / 4 ) Lead chloride - : : :,,. - : 5.85 Lead chromate - : : (0.2mg/ l),,,. - : 6.12(15 ) Lead dioxide - : 290 ( ) - :,,,,,. - : 9.38 Lead nitrate - : 470 ( ) - : (37.65mg/ 100cc, 0 ), (127mg/ 100cc, 100 ), (1g/ 75ml), 43% (8.77mg/ 100cc, 22),. - : 4.53(20 ) Lead oxide - : : 10mmHg (1085 ) - :,,, 43

50 [Lead compoun. - : ph :. Lead thiocyanate - : 190 ( ) - : mmhg ( ) - : (0.05g/ 100cc, 20 ), (0.2g/ 100cc, 100 ),. - : 3.82(20 ) Basic lead sulfate -. Lead acetate , 1.69, 22,. - 3, 2.55, ,,.. - 2,,,, humic acid (,,,, ). Lead chloride -. Lead chromate

51 [Lead compoun. Lead dioxide -. - Pb3O4, PbO. Lead nitrate Lead oxide Lead thiocyanate -. Basic lead sulfate -. Lead acetate -,, (incompatibility ) (,,,, ). - ( ) Acids, Sol sulfat es, Citr ates, T artrates, Chlorides, Carbonat es, Alkalies, T annin, Phosphat es, Resor cinol, Salicylic acid, Phenol, Chlor al hy drat e, Sulfit es, Vegetable infu sion s, T inctures. Str ong oxidizer s, Hydr ogen peroxide + A ctive m etals, Sodium + Potassium. Lead chloride -,

52 [Lead compoun Lead chromate -,, ( ). Lead dioxide -,,,,. - (red heat ),, ( ). -,,,,,. Lead nitrate -,. -. Lead oxide -,,,,,, seleninyl chloride Lead thiocyanate -, /. - Basic lead sulfate : 763mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 145mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse) : / kg (LD5 0, rat ), / kg (LD5 0, mouse) Dibasic lead phosphite : 6g/ kg (LD50, rat ) Lead acetate 46

53 [Lead compoun : 150m g/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 140mg/ kg (LD5 0, m ou se) : 104mg/ kg (LD5 0, mose), 25mg/ kg (LD5 0, rabbit ) Lead chloride : 1947mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ) : 1251mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ) Lead chromate : 12mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse) Lead dioxide : 220mg/ kg (LD5 0, guinea pig ) Lead nitrate : 74mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse) : 93mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ) - : 100mg/ 24hr (rabbit ) - [Standard Draize test]( ) - : Cat. 1( ) - : EEC- 3( ), EEC- 3, A2( ) , ,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,, ( ). -,,,, ( ). 47

54 [Lead compoun - Bluegill sunfish (LC50 ) : 400ppm/ 96hr Rainbow trout (, LC50 ) : 0.14ppm/ 96hr Pink shrimp (LC5 0 ) : 375ppm/ 48hr - -,,,,,,,. - ( ). - T WA 0.05mg/ m 3 (Pb) ST EL - - ACGIH T WA - ST EL/ CEILING(C) -,, ( ),, ( ),,,,,, ( ),,, ( ),, ( ),,, ( ),, ( ) -,,, ,,,,,,,,,, ( ). -, ( ). 48

55 [Lead compoun ( ) -. -,,.,,. -,,,, (dust - proof goggle) ,. - (mouth - to- mouth ). -, ,.. - (ipecac) (charcoal slurry ), (saline cathartic), (35% ) ( : g, : 10 15g, 50g.)

56 [Lead compoun - (concentration process ),,,.. ( ). -. ( ) ( ). - ( ). -, (positive pressure self- contained breathing apparatus ). - (, ). -,. / ( ). - (, ) ( ) ,,. -,,. -, (rail car ), 50

57 [Lead compoun -,, (, ) HEPA (high efficiency particulate arrestor ). (bag ) m., (rail car ) 800m.,.,, (foamed polyurethane), (foamed concrete) (fly ash),. ( ), ( ), ( ).. -,,, 10ppm 10 (, ). 51

58 [Ni cke l car bonyl ; 134 : CAS : : HS : RTECS : QR : UN : 1259 Nickel carbonyl Nickel tetracarbonyl : [Nickel carbonyl; ] 0.1% ( ) : Ni(CO)4 (170.75) - : : 43 - : 400mmHg (25.8 ) - : 1.32(17 ) - :,,,, (0.018g/ 100mL, 9.8 ). - ( =1) : 5.95(50 ) - : 0.212cP (25 ) - : :

59 [Ni cke l car bonyl ; (Dinitrogen tetraoxide),. - All kinds of acids or acid fumes, All kinds of oxidizing materials, Dinitr ogen tetr aoxide, Br omine (liq.), Mer cury + Oxygen, Oxy gen + But ane, Oxygen + Sodium, Oxygen + Silv er, T etr achlor opropadiene, Nitric acid, Chlorine, Dinitr ogen tetraoxide, n- Butane oxygen mixture - : 235mg/ m 3 / 30min (LC5 0, rat ), 67mg/ m 3 / 30min (LC5 0, mouse), 1,890mg/ m 3 / 30min (LC5 0, cat ) : 63mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ) : 64mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ) - : EPA - B2, A 1, EEC- 3 - : Cat. 2 -,,. -,,, 53

60 [Ni cke l car bonyl ; ,,, (cyanosis ) , T WA 0.12mg/ m 3 ST EL - - AGCIH T WA 0.05mg/ m 3 ST EL/ CEILING(C) -,, (, ). -,,,. -. ( ) 54

61 [Ni cke l car bonyl ; (self- contained breathing apparatus ) PVC ().. (mouth- to- mouth ) , 800m

62 [Ni cke l car bonyl ; 134 -,,. -,,. - ( ). -, (rail car ), m , , -,. 125m m. 56

63 [Nicot ine ; 54 : CAS : : HS : RTECS : QS : UN : 1654 Nicotine 3- (1- M et hy l- 2- pyr r olidinyl)- (S)- pyridine : [Nicotine; ] 1% ( ) : C10H 14N2 (162.23) - : 247 (745mmHg ) - : : 1.016(20 ) - ph : 10.2(0.05mol/ sol) - : 1mmHg (61.8 ), mmHg (20 ) - ( =1) : : 95 - :

64 [Nicot ine ; ,,,, ,. -,. - : 3,340 / kg (LD5 0, mouse), 9,200 / kg (LD5 0, dog ) : 14,560 / kg (LD5 0, rat ), 5,900 / kg (LD50, mouse) : 25mg/ kg (LD50, rat ) ,,,,,,,,,,,,, mg. - fish ( ) : 3 29ppm w aterfow l(ld5 0 ) : 587m g/ kg - 2ppm

65 [Nicot ine ; 54 - T WA 0.5mg/ m 3 ( ) - ACGIH T WA 0.5mg/ m 3 ( ) - ( 40% ), -. -,,,,,. -. ( ) - ( ). -. ( ) ( : pocket mask).. (mouth - to- mouth ). 59

66 [Nicot ine ; , ( ).. -,,,. -,,. -, (rail car ),

67 [Nicot ine ; (,, ) , - (( ), ( ) ,, (foamed concrete).. 61

68 [Ni t robenzene ;98 : CAS : HS : RTECS : DA UN : 1662 : : : Nitrobenzene Nitrobenzol [ N i t r o b e n z e n e ; ] ( ) : C6H5NO2 (123.11) - : 6 - : : 0.245mmHg (25 ) - :,,,,, (0.2 g/ ml, 20 ). - : 1.204(20 ) - ( =1) : : 2.91cP (2.95 ), 2.71cP (5.94 ), 2.48cP (9.92 ), 2.24cP (14.94 ), 2.03cP (20 ) - : 88 - :

69 [Ni t robenzene ;98 -, (Almond). - (20 ). -,,. - 5% (Aluminum chloride). - (e.g. Urea perchlorate). -, 120 ( ). - / (silver perchlorate) - (shock - sensitive solvated salts ).. -,,,,,, (,,,, ). - : 590mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse), 489mg/ kg (LD50, rat ) : 556ppm/ 4hr (LC5 0, rat ) -,. - ( ). ferrous (Fe +2 ) ferric (Fe +3 ). 63

70 [Ni t robenzene ;98 15%. -,,,. -,,,,. - : 1 5g ( ) - Bluegill(, LC5 0 ) : 42,000mcg/ L/ 48hr (5 38% ). - T WA 5mg/ m 3 - ACGIH T WA 5mg/ m 3,,,,,,,. -. -,,,. -. -,,,. ( ),,,, (positive pressure self- contained breathing 64

71 [Ni t robenzene ;98 apparatus). -. -, ,. (mouthto- mouth ), ( : pocket mask) %. -,.. (20 ).. -, /. 65

72 [Ni t robenzene ; ,,. -,,. - ( ) -, (rail car ), (,, ) , 66

73 [Ni t robenzene ;98 -,, (sodium bicarbonate) - (sand- soda ash mixture). (( ), ( )...,, (foamed polyurethane), (foamed concrete). 67

74 [Di ami da fos ; 1754 : CAS : HS : RTECS : TD UN : 1259 : : : Diamidafos Nellite Phenyl N,N ' - dimethylphosphorodiamidate [Diamidafos ; ] 1% ( ) : C8H 13N 2O2P (200.2) - : :. -,,,. 50g/L(20 ) : 140mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 63mg/ kg (LD5 0, rabbit ), 13m g/kg (LD5 0, bir d- wild bir d species ) 68

75 [Di ami da fos ; 1754 : 100mg/ kg (LD5 0, rabbit ) - (10ppm 90, ) mg/ kg. -. -,,,,,,,,, , ACGIH (, ). ( ) - (Self- contained breathing apparatus), PVC ( ) 69

76 [Di ami da fos ; (mouth- to- mouth ). 20.., , 800m ,, -,,. - ( ) -, (rail car ), 70

77 [Di ami da fos ; , , - (, vermiculite), ( ), ( )

78 [Di az i non ; CAS : HS : RTECS TF UN : 2783 : [Diazinon ; ] 1% : : Diazinon Dimpylate Diethyl 2- isopropyl- 4- methyl- 6- pyrimidinyl phosphorothionate ( ) : C12H2 1N 2O3PS (304.4) - : (0.002mmHg ), - : mmHg (25 ), 22mmHg (112 ) - :, (0.004%, 20 ). - : 1.117(20 ) - : (volatility ) : 2.4mg/ m 3 (20 ) -. 72

79 [Di az i non ; 333 -, (diazoxon) - 1 (pseudo first - order rate) (ph ). -, (incompatibility ). - : 250mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat, male), 285mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat, female)17mg/ kg (LD5 0, mou se), 143mg/ kg (LD50, rabbit ), 250mg/ kg (LD5 0, guinea pig ) : 3,500mg/ m 3 / 4hr (LC50, rat ), 1,600mg/ m 3 / 4hr (LC50, mouse), 5,500mg/ m 3 / 4hr (LC5 0, guinea pig ) : 180mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 2,750mg/ kg (LD50, mouse), 3,600mg/ kg (LD50, rabbit ), 633mg/ kg (LD5 0, pig ) : 58mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse) : 65mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 33mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse) - : 100mg (rabbit ) - [Standard Draize test] : 500mg (rabbit ) - [Open Draize test] - (organophosphate),,. -. -, (, sweating),,,, (, salivation),,,. - (, rhinorrhea). 73

80 [Di az i non ; (sympathoadrenal discharge), (, miosis ),,, (ocular pain ),, (slurring of speech),,, (disorientation ),.. 0.5mg/ ml 74%. - Goldfish : 0.1mg/ L -,. 20 ph 5 31, ph , ph ph nm ph 736%. 1m, 1m/ s 3m/ s ( : 4.83 ). - ph (3 10% ). - T WA 0.1mg/ m 3 ST EL - 74

81 [Di az i non ; ACGIH T WA 0.1mg/ m 3 ST EL/ CEILING(C) ( ) -,,. - (positive pressure selfcontained breathing apparatus). -. -, ( : pocket mask ).. (mouth - to- mouth )

82 [Di az i non ; 333 -, ( ). -,. - ( ). -. -,, ( )... -,,,. -, (fog ),. -, (rail car ), m. 76

83 [Di az i non ; ,. -., - (, vermiculite), ( ), ( ) (,, ).. 77

84 [Di a fent hi ur on ; 8006 : CAS : HS : RTECS : XN UN : - : [ D i a f e n t h i u r o n ; ] : : Diafenthiuron 1- t ert - Bu ty l- 3- (2,6- diis opr opyl- 4- ph en ox y - phenyl)thiourea ( ) : C2 3H32N2OS (384.63) - : : 1.09(20 ) - : < Pa (25 ) - : (0.06g/ L, 25 ), (320g/ L, 25 ), (330g/ L, 25 ), (43g/ L, 25 ), n - (9.6g/ L, 25 ), n - (26g/ L, 25 ). - (logpow ) : ,. 78

85 [Di a fent hi ur on ; : 2,068mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 1,500mg/ kg (LD5 0, duck ), 1,500mg/ kg (LD50, quail) : 558mg/ m 3 / 14hr (LC5 0, rat ) : 2g/ kg (LD5 0, rat ) -. - Mallard duck (LD5 0 ) : 1,500mg/ kg Bobwhite quail(lc50, ) : 1,500mg/ kg/ 8d Rainbow trout (LC5 0 ) : mg/ L/ 96hr Bluegill(LC5 0) : mg/ L/ 96hr Bee(LD5 0) : 2.1 / 48hr Carp(LC50 ) : mg/ L/ 96hr Daphnia (EC50 ) : 0.5mg/ L/ 48hr -, ( : < ). -, ACGIH, -. ( ) 79

86 [Di a fent hi ur on ; , ( : pocket mask).. (mouth - to- mouth ). -. -,,. -. -, (rail car ),

87 [Di a fent hi ur on ; ,

88 [Di a l i fos ; 1031 : CAS : HS : RTECS :TD UN : 2783 : [Dialifos ; ] 1% : : Dialifos S Ch lor o - 1- ph t h a l - imidoethyl O,O- diethylphosphorodithioate ( ) : C14H 17ClNO4PS2 (393.85) - : :. - : mmhg (20 25 ) () - :, 20(76%), (40%), (62%), (57%), (50%), (< 1%), (< 1%). - (log Pow ) :

89 [Di a l i fos ; ,. 50% ph ,,, : 5mg/ kg (LD5 0, female rat ), 43 54mg/ kg (LD50, m ale rat ), 65m g/ kg (LD5 0, female m ou se), 39m g/ kg (LD5 0, mou se, male), 94mg/ kg (LD50, dog ), 35mg/ kg (LD5 0, r abbit ) : 28mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 145mg/ kg (LD5 0,,rabbit ) -, (organophosphate poisoning ), (phosphate) (cholinesterase). - (organophosphate poisoning ) (muscarinic effect ), (nicotinic effect ), (central effect ). - ( ),, ( ), ( ), ( ),,,, ( ),,,,,, ( ). -,. 83

90 [Di a l i fos ; mcg/ cm mcg/ cm ,. -, ACGIH, ( ),,,. -. -,,, ( ), ( ),, (positive pressure self- contained breathing apparatus). -. -, 24. -,,

91 [Di a l i fos ; ,. (mouthto- mouth ), ( : pocket mask).. -.., 95%,.. -,.. (charcoal slurry ), (saline cathartic), (35% ) ( : g, : g/ kg, 50g.). ( )(12 : 20 30g, 12 : 250mg/ kg ), (4ml/ kg, 300ml.). - ( : mg, : mg/ kg )

92 [Di a l i fos ; ,,. -,. - ( ). -, (rail car ), (,, ) (bag )., - ( ), ( ) ph, (chlorine- 86

93 [Di a l i fos ; 1031 active compound, ) ( )., ( )(chloramine). - (sodium bicarbonate) 3 (sodium hypochlorite, ),. ( ), ( ),.. - / (clay/ bentonite sw ale), (polyethylene- lined dams). (sodium hypochlorite),, (slaked lime),. (powdered activated carbon ) (granular activated carbon ). 87

94 [WSCP; : CAS : : HS : RTECS : TR : UN : - W SCP P o l y [ o x y e t h y l e n e : (dim ethylimin o)ethylen e (dim et h y lim in o )- [WSCP; ] ethylene dichloride] 1% Poly [oxy - 1,2- ethanediyl- (dim ethy lim inio)- 1,2- et h an ediy l (dim et hy l- iminio)- 1,2- ethanediyl dichloride] ( ) : (C10H24N2O)n.2Cl - : :. - : 1.15g/ ml(25 ) - :

95 [WSCP; (anionic polymer s)(incom - patibility ). - : 1850mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ) : 2g/ kg (LD50, rabbit ) -. -,,,. -,. -,, ( ). -,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,, ( ). - Rainbow trout (LC5 0 ) : 0.47mg/ L/ 96hr Bluegill sunfish (LC50 ) : 0.34mg/ L/ 96hr Fathead minnow (LC50 ) : 0.43mg/ L/ 96hr Daphnia magna (LC5 0) : 0.37mg/ L/ 96hr Sheepshead minnow (LC50 ) : 600mg/ L/ 96hr My sid shrimp(lc50 ) : 13.0mg/ L/ 96hr Mallard duck (, LD50 ) : 805.0mg/ kg Bobwhite quail(, LC5 0) : 1,100.0mg/ kg -. 89

96 [WSCP; , ACGIH, (, ) -. -,,, ( ). -,,. -, (splash - proof goggle), ( ) ,. - (mouth - to- mouth ). -,. -,. 90

97 [WSCP; (charcoal slurry ), (saline cathartic), (35% ) ( : g, : 10 15g, 50g.). - (diazepam ).( : 5 10mg, : mg/ kg ) , (positive pressure self- contained breathing apparatus ) ( ) ,,. -,,. -, (rail car ),. 91

98 [WSCP; m., (rail car ) 800m.,.,, (foamed polyurethane), (foamed concrete) (fly ash),. - (, vermiculite), (( ), ( ).. 92

99 [Decamethr ine ; : CAS : HS : RTECS : GZ UN : - : [ D e c a m e t h r i n e ; ] : : Decamethrine Deltamethrine - C y a n o p h e n ox y - benzyl [1R- [1 (S * ),3 ]]- 3- (2,2- dibromovinyl)- 2,2- dim et hy lcy clopr opan ecarb oxylate ( ) : C2 2H 19Br 2NO3 (505.24) - : 300 ( ) - : : - : 0.002mmPa (25 ) - : mmhg (25 ) - (log Pow ) : : (2 / L), (15g/ L), (500g/ L), (450g/ L), (900g/ L), (250g/ L), (750g/ L). 93

100 [Decamethr ine ; (40 6 ) ,,. - : 785mg/ m 3 / 2hr (LC50, rat ) : 9360 / kg (LD5 0, rat ), 20mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse), 4640m g/ kg (LD5 0, duck), 300g/ kg (LD50, dog ) : 10mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse) : 3440 / kg (LD5 0, dog ), 2526 / kg (LD5 0, rat ) -. -,. -. -, , 10 94

101 [Decamethr ine ; , ACGIH (,, ) ( ) -,,. -,,. -. -, , -. -,.. 95

102 [Decamethr ine ; ,, ,..,, (foamed concrete) (pyrethrins ) 10ppm,

103 [Dodine ; : CAS : HS : RTECS : MF UN : - : [Dodine; ] : : Dodine Cyprex Dodecylgu anidine acet ate C2H4O2 ( ) : C13H 29N 3 C2H 4O2 (287.44) - : : mmhg (25 ) - : m 3 / mol ( ) - : -, (7 23% ). 640mg/ L (25 ) (incompatibility )

104 [Dodine ; (moderately alkaline) : 660mg/ kg (LD50, rat ), 266mg/ kg (LD50, mouse), 535mg/ kg (LD50, r abbit ), 176mg/ kg (LD5 0, guinea pig ), 1142mg/ kg (LD5 0, duck ), 788mg/ kg (LD5 0, quail) : 129mg/ m 3 / 2hr (LD5 0, mouse) : 6g/ kg (LD50, rat ), 2100mg/ kg (LD5 0, rabbit ) mg/ kg rat ( ). - mouse 0.05% ( ), ( ),. rat AT P. -,. - 50%, , 3 ph ( )(nitrite). - 5%68. 98

105 [Dodine ; BCF , ( 1 2hr ). -, ACGIH ( ) -,.. (mouth - to- mouth ). (charcoal slurry ) (isotonic saline)

106 [Dr azoxol on ; 5707 : CAS : HS : RTECS : NY UN : - : [ D r a z o x o l o n ; ] 1% : : Drazox olon 4 - ( 2 - C h l o r o p h e n y l - hy dr azono)- 3- methyl- 5- isox azolone ( ) : C10H8ClN 3O2 (237.66) - : : 533 Pa (30 ) - : (40g/ kg ), (100g/ kg ), (10g/ kg ), (50g/ kg )

107 [Dr azoxol on ; : 126m g/ kg (LD5 0, r at ), 129m g/ kg (LD5 0, m ou se), 100mg/ kg (LD5 0, rabbit ), 12,500 / kg (LD50, guinea pig ) : 20mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ) : 20mg/ kg (LD5 0, rabbit ) -,, Brown tr out (LC50 ) : 0.55mg/ L/ 96hr. -, ACGIH ( ) -,,. - (positive pressure self- 101

108 [Dr azoxol on ; 5707 contained breathing apparatu s) ( : pocket mask ).. (mouth - to- mouth) ( )

109 [Dr azoxol on ; ,,. -, (fog ),. -, (rail car ), ,. -., -,.. 103

110 n- [Di -n-but yl ami ne ; : CAS : HS : RTECS : HR UN : 2248 : - n- [D i - n - b u t y l a m i n e ; ] : - n - : Di- n- butylamine N- Butyl- 1- butanamine n- Dibutylamine n - Bu - N H - Bu - n ( ) : C8H 19N (129.24) - : : : (4 ) - : 22mmHg (20 ) - ( =1) : 4.46(1 ) - : 57 - : (3.5g/ L, 25 ),,,,

111 n- [Di -n-but yl ami ne ; : 550mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 290mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse), 230mg/ kg (LD5 0, guinea pig ) : 1,010 / kg (LD5 0, rabbit ) : 110 / kg (LD5 0, rat ) - : 250 (rabbit ) - : 10mg/ 24hr (rabbit) - (Open Draize test) 20mg/kg(rabbit) - (Standard Draize test) -,,,,.,,

112 n- [Di -n-but yl ami ne ; -, ACGIH 2-, (Dibu ty l am m on iu m oleat e ),. -. -, (acid chlorides), (acid anhy - drides),,. -. ( ) -. -, ,. ( : pocket mask ).. (mouth - to- mouth ) ,. 106

113 n- [Di -n-but yl ami ne ; ,, /. - ( ). -. -,. -,,,. -,,. *. -, (rail car ),

114 n- [Di -n-but yl ami ne ; (,, ) , - ( ), ( ).. -.,, (foamed concrete). *. 108

115 [Di nex ; 131- : CAS : : HS : RTECS : SK : UN : 2588 Dinex 2,4- Dinitro- 6- cyclohexylphenol : 2- Cyclohexyl- 4,6- dinitrophenol [Dinex ; ] 0.5% ( ) : C12H 14N2O5 (266.25) - : : : (15ml/ L, 25 ), (48%), (40%), (1.9%), (2.5 6%)

116 [Di nex ; : 50mg/ kg (LD5 0, gunea pig ), 65mg/ kg (LD50, rat ), 50mg/ kg (LD5 0, m ou se), 81mg/ kg (LD5 0, r abbit ), : 25mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse) - : 105mg/ 9D (I, rabbit ) - [Standard Dr aize test] mg/ kg,,,,,. -,

117 [Di nex ; ,. -, , ACGIH (, ) -,. -,. ( ) -,,. -. -,.. -,,. 111

118 [Di nex ; , , rotary kiln incineration ( ), fluidized bed incineraion ( ) ,,. -. -,. -,,,. 112

119 [Di nex ; (,, ). -. -, m 800m., -,. 113

120 [Di nobut on ; 973 : CAS : HS : RTECS : FF UN : - : [Dinobuton ; ] 1% : : Dinobuton Carbonic acid, 2- secbutyl- 4,6- dinitrophenyl isopropyl ester Isopropyl 2,4- dinitro-6- secbutylphenyl carbonate ( ) : C14H 18N2O7 (326.30) - : : 10mbar (20 ) - : (0.1mg/ 100ml, 20 ), (120mg/ 100ml, 20 ), (8.3mg/ 100ml, 20 ), (89mg/ 100ml, 20 )

121 [Di nobut on ; 973 -, dinoseb. -,,, (dinoseb) : 80mg/ m 3 / 4hr (LC50, rat ) : 59mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 108mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse) : 125mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse) : 3200mg/ kg (LD5 0, rabbit ) (neutrophils ) , 5,. - ruminal fluid. dinoseb atm - cu m/ mole. 115

122 [Di nobut on ; 973 (BCF 580). - (Koc 6800) mmhg, 2. -, ACGIH, ,,. ( ) -,. -. -,,. -,. -, ,. 116

123 [Di nobut on ; NOx ,,. -. -,. -,,, (,, ). -, m 800m.,

124 [Di noseb ; 88- : CAS : HS : RTECS : SJ UN : 2779, 2780, 3013 : [ D i n o s e b ; ] 1% : : 2,4- Dinitro- 6- sec- butylphenol 2- (1- M ethylpr opy l)- 4,6- dinitrophenol Dinoseb DNDP ( ) : C10H 12N2O5 (240.24) - : : (4 ) - : 1mmHg (151.1 ) - : 27 - : (0.0052g/ 100g ), (48g/ 100g ), n - (27g/ 100g),,,. - ph : (acidic phenol)

125 [Di noseb ; (mild steel) : 16mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse), 9mg/ kg (LD50, duck ), 7,100 / kg (LD5 0, bird), 20mg/ kg (LD5 0, guinea pig ) : 80mg/ kg (LD50, rat ), 80mg/ kg (LD5 0, rabbit ) : 20,368 / kg (LD5 0, rat ) : 10mg/ kg (LD50, mouse) - : 50 / 24hr (rabbit ) - [Standard Draize test] -,,. -,.. -, (tachypnea ),.. - Goldfish : 0.4ppm/ 24hr (LC10 0). 119

126 [Di noseb ; ph. - ( : ) BCF = 68(50ml/ L, w ater ) -, ACGIH ( ),. -. ( ) ,

127 [Di noseb ; 88- -,,,, ,,. -,. - ( ). -, (rail car ), (,, ) , - (( ), ( ). 121

128 [Di noseb ; ,,, (foamed concrete). (fly ash). -. (,, ).. 122

129 [Di nocap ; : CAS : HS : RTECS : GQ UN : - : [ D i n o c a p ; ] 1% : : Dinocap Crotothane DPC 2- Butenoic acid, 2(or 4)- isooctyl- 4,6(or 2,6)- dinitrophenyl ester ( ) : C18H24N2O6 (364.44) - : : mmhg (20 ), mmhg (25 ) - : 1.10(20 ) - :,, (4mg/ L, 25 ) (caprylphenol) 123

130 [Di nocap ; , - (incompa - tibility ). - : 1,102mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 49,500 / kg (LD50, mouse), 3g/ kg (LD5 0, r abbit ), 100mg/ kg (LD5 0, dog ) : 360mg/ m 3 / 4hr (LC50, rat ) : 9,400mg/ kg (LD50, rabbit ) : 23mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ) -., (tachycardia ), (cyanosis) ( ).. -,

131 [Di nocap ; Lake trout (, LC50 ) : 75 / L (15, ph ) Goldfish (, LC50 ) : 33 / L (18, ph ) (gravitational settling ). ( , 1 2 ). -, ACGIH, (systemic). -,. - (cerebral edema )

132 [Di nocap ; ,. -, NOx. (dinitrophenol derivatives ). * (binapacryl), (dinitro cresol), (dinoseb ), (dinobuton ) (dinitrocyclohexylphenol) , 800m ( ). -, (rail car ), m. 126

133 [Di nocap ; , , -,. -,

134 [Di not er b ; 1420 : CAS : HS : RTECS : SK UN : 1599 : [Dinoterb; ] 1% : : Dinoterb 2- tert - Butyl- 4,6- dinitrophenol 2,4- Dinitro- 6- tert - butylphenol DNT BP ( ) : C10H 12N2O5 (240.24) - : : : mbar (20 ) - : - (log Pow ) : : (100g/ kg ), (100g/ kg ), (100g/ kg ), (200g/ kg ), (200g/ kg ), (200g/ kg ) 128

135 [Di not er b ; , (incompatibility ). - : 26mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 9500 / kg (LD5 0, mouse), / kg (LD5 0, rabbit ) : 150mg/ kg (LD5 0, guinea pig ) -. -, (, sweating ),,,,,,,,,,, (, rhinorrhea) Gammarus fasciatus (LC50 ) : 2600 / L/ 96hr Rainbow trout (LC5 0 ) : 31 / L/ 96hr Largemouth bass (LC5 0) : 142 / L/ 96hr Bluegill(LC5 0) : 23 / L/ 96hr Goldfish (LC5 0 ) : 497 / L/ 96hr Fathead Minnow (LC5 0 ) : 6.0mg/ L/ 96hr

136 [Di not er b ; , ACGIH, (1) -. -,,. -. ( ). -,,. - (Self- contained breathing appratus),, ,. - (mouth - to- mouth ). -, ,.. 130

137 [Di not er b ; ( ) ,,. -,. -, (rail car ),

138 [Di not er b ; m. 800m. -,.,, (foamed polyurethane), (foamed concrete) (fly ash),. (, ) (gelling agent ) (solidify ). 10ppm

139 [DDT; : CAS : HS : RTECS : KJ UN : 2761, 2765 : [DDT ; ] 1% : : DDT 1,1- Bis (4- chloroph enyl)- 2,2,2- trichloroethane 2,2- Bis (p- chlor ophenyl)- 1,1,1- trichloroethane ( ) : C14H9Cl15 (354.48) - : : : : mmhg (20 ) - : ( , closed cup) - : : ( mg/ L), (100,000ppm ). (58g/ 100ml), (78g/ 100ml), (45g/ 100ml), (74g/ 100ml), (116g/ 100ml), (28g/ 100ml), (10g/ 100ml), (3g/ 100ml), (8 10g/ 100ml), (75g/ 100ml), 133

140 [DDT; (60g/ 100ml). - (Pow ) : , (iron ). - (lipophilic). -, (iron ),,. - DDT,,. 0.1Ndehydrochlorination. (sodium dichromate)/. (active metals ). - : 87mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 250mg/ kg (LD5 0, rabbit ), 150mg/ kg (LD5 0, guinea pig ) : 1,931mg/ kg (LD50, rat ), 300mg/ kg (LD5 0, rabbit ), 1g/ kg (LD50, guinea pig ) : 9,100 / kg (LD5 0, rat ), 32mg/ kg (LD50, mouse), : 1500mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 250mg/ kg (LD5 0, rabbit ) : 50mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 184mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse), 900mg/ kg (LD5 0, guinea pig ) - : EPA - B2, NT P - b, IARC- 2B, EEC- 3 -,,. 134

141 [DDT; , ,,,,,,,,,,.,, ( ).. - Bluegill(, LC5 0 ) : 26 / L/ 24hr Goldfish (, LC50 ) : 180 / L/ 24hr Rainbow trout (, LC50 ) : 42 / L/ 24hr - ( : 2 ). ( :100 ). - ( :50 ).. - (wet and dry deposition ). ( : 2 ) (BCF : ). - T WA 1mg/ m 3 ST EL - - ACGIH T WA 1mg/ m 3 ST EL/ CEILING(C) - 135

142 [DDT; ,,,.. -,,. ( ),, ( ),, (positive pressure self- contained breathing apparatus) ,. (mouthto- mouth ), ( : pocket mask). -,.. (20 ).. -,

143 [DDT; rotary kiln DDT / / ,,,. -,,. - ( ). -, (rail car ), ,

144 [DDT; 50-29, - ( ), ( )..,,. 10ppm 10. HEPA (high - efficiency particulate arrestor ),. -,, (foamed concrete). 138

145 : CAS : HS : RTECS : FA UN : - : [ D i m e t a n ; ] 1% [Di met an ; 122- : : Dimetan 5,5 - D i m e t h y l o x o - cyclohex- 1-enyl dimethylcarbamate ( ) : C1 1H 17NO3 (211.29) - : (11mmHg ) - : :,, (3.15g/ 100mL, 20 ) : 120mg/ kg (LD50, rat ), 90mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse) 139

146 [Di met an ; ,. -. -,,,, (mydriasis) (urinary incontinence), ( ),,, (cellulitis ), (stupor ), (hypotonicity ), (tachycardia). -, ACGIH -. -,,,. -. ( ) -,

147 [Di met an ; (protopam )... - (charcoal slurry ). ( ) (). - (pralidoxime). - (diazepam ) (lorazepam ) , 800m ( ). -, (rail car ), 141

148 [Di met an ; m , , -,. -,. 142

149 [Dimethoat e ; 60- : CAS : HS : RTECS : TE UN : - : : : Dimethoate Phosphorodithioic acid, O,Odimethyl S- [2- (methylamino)- [Dimethoate; ] 2- oxoethyl] ester 1% ( ) : C5H 12NO3PS2 (229.2) - : 117 (0.1mmHg ) - : 51 52, (96%) - : 1.277(65 ) - : mmhg (25 ) - : 107 (closed cup) - : 20(>300g/ kg), (>300g/ kg ), (>300g/ kg), (>300g/ kg), (>300g/kg), (>300g/kg), (>50g/kg), (ph g/ L, ph g/ L, ph 9 25g/ L). - (logpow ) :

150 [Dimethoat e ; ph 9, ph 2 0.8, (dithio- isomer ),,,, : 152mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 60mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse), 152mg/ kg (LD5 0, rabbit ), 350mg/ kg (LD5 0, guinea pig ), 30mg/ kg (LD5 0, human ) : 353mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 1g/ kg (LD5 0, mouse), 1g/ kg (LD50, r abbit ), 965m g/ kg (LD5 0, guinea pig ) : 350mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 60mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse) -,, (organophosphate poisoning ) (muscarinic effect ), (nicotinic effect ), (central effect ). -,,,,,,

151 [Dimethoat e ; 60- -,. - Bluegill(LC5 0) : 6.0mg/ L/ 96hr, 58mg/ L/ 24hr Rainbow trout (LC5 0 ) : 6.2mg/ L/ 96hr Carp(LC50 ) : 22.39mg/ L/ 168hr -, ( : ). -,, ( : 8 ). -, ( : 2.83 ) , ACGIH (,, ) -. -,,, , ,, ( ), (), 145

152 [Dimethoat e ; 60-,. -. -,,. -. -, ,.. -,.... -, ph 2, ph 9 21 (70 ), 0.8 (70 ). (soda ash ) 3 5%. - (, vermiculite). -,,,

153 ,,. -,,. - ( ). -, (rail car ), (bag) [Dimethoat e ; 60-, -, ( ), ph, (chlorineactive compound, ) 147

154 [Dimethoat e ; 60- ( )., (chloramine). - ( ), ( ),.. - / (clay/ bentonite sw ale), (polyethylene- lined dams). ( ) ( ). 148

155 S- [Demet on-s-met hyl sul fone ; 17 : CAS : HS : RTECS : TF UN : - : - S - [Demeton - S- methylsulfone; ] 1% : - S- : Demeton- S- methylsulfone O,O- Dimethyl S- 2- (ethylsulfonyl)ethyl phosphorothioate ( ) : C6H 15O5PS 2 (262.30) - : 120 (0.003mmHg ) - : 60 - : 660 Pa (20 ) - : (10g/ kg, 20 ), (600g/ kg, 20 )

156 S- [Demet on-s-met hyl sul fone ; : 32,400 / kg (LD50, rat ), 30mg/ kg (LD50, mouse), 50mg/ kg (LD5 0, rabbit ), : 195mg/ m 3 / 4hr (LC50, rat ) : 500mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ) : 21mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ) : 22mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ) -.,,,,, (giddiness),,,,,. - (organophosphate), (cholinesterase). - (muscarinic effect), (nicotine effect ), (central effect). - ( ),, ( ), ( ), ( ),,,, ( ),,,,,,.,. -, ACIGH 150

157 S- [Demet on-s-met hyl sul fone ; 17 -.,,,.. ( ) -,, (positive pressure self- contained breathing apparatus )., 2 3 ( : mg, : mg/ kg ) ( : mg/ kg ). - (, ). -, (pralidoxime)( : 1.0g, : 20 30mg/ kg - ). - (charcoal slurry ) (35% ) ( : g, : ml). ( ) ()( : 20 30g, : 250mg )... - ( ) (furosemide). 151

158 S- [Demet on-s-met hyl sul fone ; ,. - /. (, ) ( )... - CO2,. - (fog ),. -, (rail car ),. 152

159 S- [Demet on-s-met hyl sul fone ; m., (rail car ) 800m (,, ). -. -, , -,, (foamed concrete). - ( ), ( )

160 [Demet on-met hyl ; 802 : CAS : HS : RTECS : TG UN : - : - [D e m e t o n - m e t h y l ; ] 1%. : - : Demeton- methyl Metasy stox Phosphorothioic acid, O- [2- (ethylthio)ethyl] O,Odim ethyl ester, mixt. with S- [2- (ethylthio) ethyl] O,O-dimethyl ester ( ) : C6H 15O3PS 2 (230.30) - : 89 ( ) - : : mmHg ( ) - : (330ppm, 25 ) 154

161 [Demet on-met hyl ; (thiono-, thiolo- ) ppm, ph 9.0 (synergistic effect ). -,,. - : 75mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 26mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse) : 300mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ) : 12mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ) ,,,,,. ( ) Fish (, LC10 0 ) : 5.0ppm/ 288hr Harlequin fish (, LC50 ) : 6.5ppm/ 48hr 155

162 [Demet on-met hyl ; 802 Carp(LC50 ) : mg/ L/ 48hr (ph 6, 70, ). - T WA 0.5mg/ m 3 - ACGHI T WA 0.5mg/ m 3 ( ) (, ) -. -,,,. - (,, ). ( ) -, (splash - resistant glass ),,. -. -,,.. -,. - (mouth - to- mouth ) , 156

163 [Demet on-met hyl ; ,, (,, ). -., -, ( ). 157

164 [Demet on ; : CAS : HS : RTECS : TF UN : - : [Demeton ; ] 1% : : Demeton Systox Phosphorothioic acid, O,Odiethyl O- [2- (ethylthio) ethyl] ester, mixt. with O,O- diethyl S- [2- (ethylthio)ethyl] phosphorothioate ( ) : C8H 19O3PS 2C8H 10 (258.34) - : 134 (2mmHg ) - : (20 ) - : mmhg (20 ) - : 94.8 (closed cup) 158

165 [Demet on ; : : - : 200ppm ( - S ), 60ppm ( - O),,. - O, - S O : 123 (1mmHg ) : 1.119(21 ) : 38mmHg (20 ) : (60mg/ L, 20 ). - - S : 128 (1mmHg ) : 1.132(21 ) : 35mmHg (20 ) : (2g/ L, 20 ). - - O - S. -,, (incompatibility ). -,. - (compatible) ph 9(70 ) (leptophos) 159

166 [Demet on ; ,,. - : 1700 / kg (LD5 0, rat ), 7850 / kg (LD5 0, mouse), 7190 / kg (LD5 0, duck ), 8480 / kg (LD50, pigeon), 8480 / kg (LD5 0, quail) : 8200 / kg (LD5 0, rat ), 24mg/ kg (LD5 0, rabbit ) : 2500 / kg (LD5 0, rat ), 4mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse), 3250 / kg (LD5 0, rabbit ) : 1750 / kg (LD5 0, rat ), 3900 / kg (LD5 0, mouse) Bluegill(, ) : 0.1ppm/ 2 8hr - Rainbow trout (LC5 0 ) : 1 10mg/ L/ 24hr Coturnix jponica (LC5 0 ) : 275ppm/ 5D Anas platyrhynchos (LC5 0 ) : 598ppm/ 5D - T WA 0.1mg/ m 3 ( ) 160

167 [Demet on ; ACGHI T WA 0.11mg/ m 3 ( ) (,, ) ( ). -,,. -,,. -. -, ,.. - (charcoal slurry ) ( : g/

168 [Demet on ; ml, : g/ kg ). ( ), () mg, ( ) (Furosemide) (, vermiculite), ( ), ( ). - thiono-, thiolo % ph %. -,. - /. - (, ). - (, ) (flashback). -,,. -,,. -. -,,. 162

169 [Demet on ; m. 800m.,

170 [Di met i l an ; 64 : CAS : HS : RTECS : EZ UN : : [D im e t il a n ; ] 1% : : Dimetilane 1- [(Dimethylamino)carbonyl]- 5- methyl- 1H- pyrazol- 3- yl dimethylcarbamate ( ) : C10H 16N4O3 (240.30) - : (13mmHg ) - : 68 - : mmhg (20 ) - : 24% (25, water ),,,,,

171 [Di met i l an ; : 25mg/ kg (LD50, rat ), 60mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse), 9mg/ kg (LD50, bird) : 600mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 90mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse), 2m g/ kg (LD5 0, r abbit ) : 12mg/ kg (LD50, mouse) : 4mg/ kg (LD50, mouse) -.,,,,,,, (miosis ),,,,,,,,. - (carbametes). - (carbametes). -, ACGIH ( ) 165

172 [Di met i l an ; 64 -.,,,.. ( ) - (splash- resistant glass). - (MSDS),. -. -, ( : mg, : mg/ kg ) ( mg/ kg). -,, (phenothiazine), (reserpine). - (adrenergic amine). - (ipecac) ( : 30ml, : 15ml)

173 [Di met i l an ; 64 -,. / CO2,,. - (fog ),. -. -, (rail car ),

174 [Di met i l an ; (,, ). -.., - (( ), ( )... -.,, (foamed concrete).. 168

175 [Dimethylvinphos ; 227 : CAS : HS : RTECS : TB UN : - : [D i m e t h y l v i n p h o s ; ] 1% : : Dimethylvinphos Dimethylvinfos 2- Chloro- 1- (2,4- dichlorophenyl)vinyldim ethyl phosphate ( ) : C10H 10Cl3O4P (331.52) - : : 1.26(25 ) - : mmhg (25 ) - (logkow ) : : ( g/ L, 20 ), ( g/ L, 20 ), ( g/ L, 20 ) (130ppm, 20 ). 169

176 [Dimethylvinphos ; : 97,500 / kg (LD5 0, rat ), 167mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse) : 970 1,186mg/ m 3 / 4hr (LC50, male rat ), 4,900 mg/ kg/ 4hr (LC5 0, fem ale r at ) - Carp (, LC50 ) : 2.3ppm/ 24hr -, ACGIH -. -,,,. -. ( ) -,

177 [Dimethylvinphos ; , 800m ( ). -, (rail car ), m ,. 171

178 [Dimethylvinphos ; , -,. -,. 172

179 [Di me fox ; 115- : CAS : HS : RTECS : TD UN : : [ D i m e f o x ; ] 1% : : Dimefox BFPO Bis (dimethylamino)fluorophosphine oxide Bis (dim ethylamido)flu orophosphate ( ) : C4H 12FN 2OP (154.15) - : 67 (4mmHg ), 86 (15mmHg ) - : (4 ) - : 0.36mmHg (25 ) - :,,

180 [Di me fox ; (vigorous oxidizing agent ).. - (leptophos). - ( ). - : 1mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 2mg/ kg (LD50, mouse), 3m g/ kg (LD5 0, r abbit ), 2mg/ kg (LD50, cat ), 2mg/ kg (LD5 0, monkey ) : 2mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ) -.,,,,, (giddiness),,,,,. -, ACIGH., ( ) -. -,,. 174

181 [Di me fox ; , 2 3 ( : mg, : mg/ kg ) ( : mg/ kg ). - (, ). -, (pralidoxime)( : 1.0g, : 20 30mg/ kg - )... - (ipecac) ( : 30ml, : 15ml) (emesis ) ( : 100g [8 100oz], : 30g [3 4oz]). - ( ),. *. ( ) ( )

182 [Di me fox ; CO2,. - (fog ),. -, (rail car ), (,, ). -., - (( ), ( ).. (sodium carbonate), (sodium bicarbonate), (slaked lime), (crushed limestone). 176

183 [Di me fox ; ,, (foamed concrete). 177

184 [Diquat dibromide ; 8 : CAS : HS : RTECS : JM UN : - : [Diqu at dibromide; ] 1%. : : Diqu at dibromide 1,l' - Ethylene- 2,2' - dipyridylium dibromide Reglone ( ) : C12H 12Br 2N 2 (344.07) - : : (20 ) - : mmhg (20 ) - : - : - : (70g/ 100ml, 20 ). - (logpow ) :

185 [Diquat dibromide ; 8 -. ph 9 12 ( ) (complex ). - (inert clay ) (anion sur - factant ),. - (, ). -, (HBr ). - (cation ). - (charge- transfer complex ) (ion - exchange mechanism ). - (hydrophobic- hydrophilic interation ) (dissociation constants). - (bentonite, ph 4.1, 8.2) (, ph 3.2, 5.3). - ph 8.14, ph 7.12 (ClO, chlorine oxide). - : mg/ kg (LD50, rat ), mg/ kg (LD50, dog ), mg/ kg (LD5 0, mouse),72 138mg/ kg (LD5 0, r abbit ), 564m g/ kg (LD5 0, duck), 30mg/ kg (LD5 0, cattle, goat, sheep), 100m g/ kg (LD5 0, guinea pig ), mg/ kg (LD50, hen) : 433mg/ kg (LD5 0, rat ), 500mg/ kg (LD5 0, rabbit ) - : 10mg (rabbit ) - [Standard Draize test] : 400mg/ kg/ 20D(rabbit ) - [Standard 179

186 [Diquat dibromide ; 8 Draize test] -,.. -,,,,,. -, ( ), ( ),., BUN (blood urea nitrogen )(creatinine) ( ). - (soft ). -, ( ). - : 100mg/ kg ( ) - Bluegill(, LD50 ) : 245mg/ L/ 96hr - Rainbow trout (, LD5 0) : 90mg/ L/ 24hr % 2 4. CO2. 1%, 19%. 4.48kg/ ha 0.05ppm 8.,.. - (aerosol), ( : 48hr ),., (clay ). 180

187 [Diquat dibromide ; nm, 48 96hr 50 75% T WA 0.5mg/ m 3 - ACGIH T WA 0.5mg/ m 3 (dust ), 0.1mg/ m 3 (particulate material) ST EL/ CEILING(C) 1.0mg/ m 3 (,. ),,,. -. -,,,.. ( ) (goggles),,,