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1 터보차져디젤엔진의공기순환계모델링및모델기반슬라이딩모드제어 윤영식 *) 최세범 ) 고민석 ) 임지훈 ) 한국과학기술원기계공학과 ) 두산인프라코어기술원 ) Smplfe urbochare Desel Enne Ar ah oeln an onrol sn Sln oe onrollers Younsk Yoon *) Sebum ho ) nseok Ko ) Jhoon Lm ) *) Deparmen of echancal Enneern, Korea Avance Insue of Scence an echnoloy, 373- useon-on Yuseon-u,Daejeon, , Korea ) 39-3, Sunbok-Don,Suj-u,Yonn-S,yeon-Do, ,Korea Doosan Insue of echnoloy Absrac : ecenly, he emsson of haarous maerals (NO an ) n esel enne s a crcal ssue. he reulaons wh respec o he NO an are en srcer, ncreasnly. No only he emsson problem bu also fuel effcency s consere as a serous ssue o evelop new urbochare esel ennes. hus, currenly esel ennes are euppe wh ehaus as recrculaon (E) an varable eomery urbocharer (). Bascally, he esel enne wh E an s a hhly nonlnear sysem as well as a ul-npu an mul-oupu (IO) sysem. oreover, snce E an are powere by ehaus as, severe coupln effec ess. However, convenonal Elecrc onrol n (E) nores hs severe coupln effec an conrols he urbochare esel enne by usn nepenen snle-npu snle-oupu (SISO) conrol mehos. Hence, he moel base IO conrol meho s reure no only o rea he coupln effec of E an, bu also o mprove he performance of he enne operaon wh hh fuel economy an low emsson level. In hs paper, hree fferen moel base sln moe conrol approaches are propose o reulae nake manfol pressure (A) an ehaus manfol pressure (EXA), smulaneously, by conrolln ehaus as recrculaon (E) flow rae an urbne flow rae. he frs approach s hh performance robus conroller esn usn nonlnear sln surface. he secon approach s eene npu-oupu lnearaon for sln moe conrol. he hr approach s usn proporonal neral sln moe conrol (IS) meho no urbochare esel enne. Key wors: Desel enne( ), Ehaus as ecrculaon (E), arable eomery urbocharer (), oel Base onrol (s v ), Sln oe onrol (k es ) Nomenclaure F: bun as fracon, [-] m: mass, k * ˆ, E-mal: eroype@kas.ac.kr

2 p : pressure, kpa : power, K : eal as consan, kj/k K : emperaure, K 3 : volume, m : mass flow rae, k/s Ï: me consan, sec Ï: effcency, [-] c : specfc hea a consan pressure, kj/k K p c v : specfc hea a consan volume, kj/k K Ï: specfc hea rao Ï: Ï04 Ï Subscrps a: amben c: compressor : esre value e: enne(cylner) E: ehaus as recrculaon : varable eomery urbocharer f: fuel : nake manfol ref: reference : urbne : ehaus manfol. 서론 v ƒ º(NO) () m w p ª º. ƒ º vƒ ˆm Ž E ˆ«r vƒ. v m, vƒ ¼ ³m ˆ«r º ƒƒ. lum ¹ E v ˆ. E v Ž p ¼ ³m E v º m r w n º 5). yÿ Ÿ l l(io) ˆ ˆ ƒ¹ƒ 8)-0) j. ˆ E v p ˆ olyopc form 3)-4) Ž, eular form k es ). ƒ¹ Eene Inpuoupu lnearaon o sln moe conrol 5) Ž. k es. šm k es ƒ v ƒ. šm ºˆ ƒ(ncerany) ƒ. y ƒ k es yÿ º s. wšm Hh performance robus conroller esn usn nonlnear sln surface ). wšm ¼ ³ Žl w ³ Žl l m Eene Inpu-oupu lnearaon o sln moe conrol. p p m m k e s 7). y ƒm ƒ. ƒ yÿ º s ƒ 7Ÿ s 3Ÿ s n, 3 ƒ ƒ k v l s w 3Ÿ s Hh performance robus conroller esn usn nonlnear sln surface w, Eene Inpu-oupu lnearaon o sln moe conrol w, p m k es ƒ n m. 4 ƒ ƒ y Ž ƒm p ƒ s v k es ˆul p ˆ m. m 5.. 터보차져디젤엔진공기순환계모델 y ƒ yÿ º s ƒ ƒ m Ÿ s ƒ k v l s ƒ Ÿs ƒ l k ƒk º p k p º Ÿ s s v p ƒ m

3 7 차모델 yÿ º s «Ÿ s ƒ kv ³¹w ˆ v lum¼ vw ³ v ek º Ž ¼ vw ³ ƒ k k «m + (.) c er e m (.) e er ƒ Ž m ¼ ³m c «. w ³ er ¼ ³m ˆ p «E «. e ² ¼ ³ ƒ ˆm ¹ k k «r, ˆ ƒ w ³ e m «. w ³m m k k «. ¼ ³ v w ³ ƒ Žl ƒ «. Ž. γ p ( + ) (.3) c c er e γ p ( ( + )) (.4) e e er ¼ v w ³ ƒ ƒ «Burn as mure ynamcs (Amben) ƒ ƒ k «. F + F F ( ) c er (.5) m F F F F m ( ) e (.6) e Ž l «ˆ ƒž m l «r ƒž m l ˆ v ˆ p «( + η ) (.7) c c m τ ƒ η m yÿ º «.. 3차모델 yÿ º p «7 Ÿ s y k ³. lum 7Ÿ s v m p ƒ l ep. lu m ¼ ³ ƒ ¼p euce orer moel k p 3Ÿ s Ž. 3Ÿ s ª ¼ ³ w ³ ƒ «ˆ Ž l (ower) ƒ «ˆ m ƒ. ¼ v w ³ Žl «ˆ w ˆ v, p k m p º m. η p k + k p c c (.8) er e γ c p a p γ pa p k k p + (.9) ( e f er )

4 γ p γ a c c + ηη mcp τ p (.0) ˆ ƒ k a /, E v Ž m E k ¼p k l m ƒ.. 제어기설계 ˆ(3.3) Ž p ¼ ³m k s E s k. f c β + β + 4( Eref ) AFref (3.4) E ref er c (3.5) Eref ˆ(.8)-(.0) ˆ(3.3)-(3.5)p ƒ k s. p ke c + er (3.6) F. Block aram of close loop sysem 작동구간에서상태량의목표값설정 ƒ ˆ ƒ (Ar o fuel rao) w ³ ƒ ¼ ³m º w E (E fracon). º ˆ nk m. AFref AFref N f Eref Eref N f (3.) (, ), (, ) s º, E s n º º ƒƒ l. ˆ(3.) ˆ m ¹. c AFref f er Eref c + er (3.) ˆ(3.)p m β 5) p β AFref ( Eref ) + ( AFs + ) Eref (3.3) p µ µ c a p pa c f ηη mη c p + a c µ c a c p p η c p a (3.7) (3.8) 목표출력값의설정 v m p l m Ž p ¼ ³m k ¼ ³ ƒ Žl ƒ. l AF Ap m k e. y ƒ 3.4 ƒ Eene Inpu-oupu lnearaon o sln moe conrol w Inernal ynamcs Ž ƒ l A w ³ Žlƒ EXAp ¼ v w ³ ƒ Žl l m. y y p p y p p (3.9). Hh performance robus conroller esn usn nonlnear sln surface v m p ƒ y

5 p ª w vƒˆ«. v m ªr v l p m ª w «. p Hh performance robus conroller esn usn nonlnear sln surface w r p s ek ºˆ p ƒ w ˆ ƒ. p p ƒ l s m m p ˆ w w. ˆ(.8)-(.0) yÿ s «3Ÿ ˆ w ˆ ¹ m º. ψ y y 0 β r y 0 ( y, r) e e e (3.7) ƒ β ±kv m l s r ƒ¹. ˆ(3.7) ƒ¹ ˆ ³n p p s l m m p ˆ«. k es ƒ ˆ «. f (, u) y (3.0) s(, ) 0 (3.8) lum ˆ(3.8) «. n m ƒ, u an y. y ƒ Ž ƒ ˆ(3.0) ¹ m «ƒ¹ s ƒ ƒ ƒ¹º ˆ Ž. ƒ¹º Smulnk onrol Desn oolbo r, w ˆ ¹ s eular form¹ m º. ψ (3.9) e ( F y r A) e ( ) (, ) ( ) ˆ(3.) ˆ(3.8) ƒ e ( ) A e ( ) A ( ) A e ( ) A ( ) ( ) + (3.0) ( ) A ( ) A ( ) (3.) + ( ) A ( ) A ( ) (3.) + + ( ) A ( ) A ( ) Bu( ) (3.) y (3.3) ( ) n m m ƒ, p ( r ) ƒ¹ k e r ƒ. p ˆ(3.0) ˆ(3.) p r, + e ( A AF A y r A) e ψ (3.) ( ) (, ) ( ) l ƒ l s p r ˆ(3.) «. +β (3.3) e ( ) ( A A ( F A) ) e ( ) (3.4) e ( ) ( ) ( ) (3.5) e ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) e ψ m (3.6) s(, ) c e F y, r) A I ( e ˆ ƒ ƒ¹ k e r ƒ ƒ¹ p ƒ. ( ) + β (3.4) K F A ˆ ƒ p K ww(ole placemen). ˆ(3.4), ½ ε > 0 r, K F A H H ε β (3.5)

6 Schur complemenp ˆ(3.5)p ƒ¹ w ˆ m v r. S p p S p p (3.35) ε I H > 0 H ε I (3.6) ˆ(.8)-(.9), ˆ(3.5)-(3.6) p ˆ(3.9) m alab/smulnk LI oolbop ˆ(3.6) p, ε º. > 0 (3.7) ( A AF ) ( A AF ) 0 + < (3.8) p Lyapunov p ƒ. s s (3.9) (3.30) s s (3.3) s c A (, ) ( ) re + Bu ψ y r A + ρ c < 0 (3.3) ˆ(3.3) Lyapunov Ž ƒ «ˆ(3.3)p p l ˆ r. u B (, ) ( c + c Are+ Ks+ sa s φ (3.33) (, ) ( ) ψ y r A ƒ ºˆƒ y ª m. ρ (3.34). Eene Inpu-oupu lnearaon o sln moe conrol w py ƒ ˆ ƒ¹ ƒ m ƒˆ l ˆ m k e r y k( (, ) c ke ( y+ p )) + ku S λ sa S φ y k ( k (, ) e ( y+ p ) + f ) ku ku S λ sa S φ (3.36) ˆ ƒ λ λ k e sp º m ƒ. ˆ(3.36) m l l ˆ r. u ( c ke p ) k λ sa( S, φ) (3.37) u c + f + k λ sn( S) + k λ sa( S, φ) l l º ƒ r ˆ Zero ynamcsp Ž. Zero ynamcs l ˆ l 0 m e Inernal ynamcsp v. y y y y 0 y k( c ke ( y p )) ku y k ( ke ( y p ) f ) ku ku (3.38) u, c + ke p u f + c (3.39) ˆ(3.36) ƒ Ÿ(elave eree) [ ], ƒ euce orer moel ˆ Ÿ 3Ÿ. lum l ¼ v w ³ Žl m e Ÿ Inernal ynamcs. ƒ Ÿk l r «e l ˆ v ºp v. ˆ(3.39) ƒ l ˆ(.0) Inernal ynamcs Ž ƒ r.

7 µ p a c c + ηη mcp ( f + c ) τ p (3.40) lum ˆ Zero ynamcs Ž um ˆ(3.37) ƒ v.. 비례적분슬라이딩모드제어기 (IS) k es º ˆƒ. 3.3 ˆ ƒ¹º r ƒ¹º ƒ ºˆƒ ƒ ƒ. 3.3 ƒ ƒƒ ºˆƒ ˆ ºˆƒ(nmache uncerany) um l ƒ º m. lum l p m k es. p ƒ r ƒ v k es p. 3.4 p m l ˆ(3.9) ƒ, yÿ euce orer moel ˆ (3.0) «. ˆ ƒ¹ ƒ ƒ ƒ¹º rƒ ºˆƒ vƒ. l ºˆƒ ˆ ƒ¹º» ˆ v ƒ Ÿ m. f, u A + Bu Fw (3.4) ( ) ( ) ƒ¹º ƒ ºˆƒ l ˆ w ˆ ˆ ƒ r. A + Bu + f u A + Bu (3.4) l (, ) ( ) k e r ƒ, Lyapunov Ž ƒ p ˆ«v k e s l r. s y y (3.43) + + < (3.44) ss s ( A Bu Fw y ) 0 ( ) ( (, φ ) ) u B A+ Ks+ sa s y (3.45) Ž ƒ p m ºˆƒ l. Fw (3.46) m k e s k e r ƒ e k e r Ÿp p ƒ. s y y + λ ( y y ) τ 0 (3.47), Lyapunov Ž ƒ p ˆ«l. ( ) ( (, φ ) λ ( )) u B A+ Ks+ sa s y + y y. 시뮬레이션결과 (3.48) 3 ƒ Ž ƒm p ƒ ˆ ˆul. ƒ ³y able ) ˆul. ƒ ³y F. ºˆ ˆul. wšm Ž w Hh performance robus conroller esn usn nonlnear sln surface ˆul, Ž w p ƒ¹ k e r p Ž ƒ ³. F. 3 ˆ ek k e r 0 m l y, F. 4 ƒ l s m l y. p F. 3 F. 4p k e r 0 m l p s ƒ l s l ½ s Ÿ vƒ p º. l Ÿ ˆ ƒ¹º ƒ «ºˆƒ. ƒ¹º ƒ vƒ ºˆƒ ˆ ºˆƒ(nmache uncerany) um l ƒ º m, lum Ž p s l

8 s p y. Z KFHNKLEK wšm Ž Eene Inpuoupu lnearaon o sln moe conrol. w ˆ ƒ ƒ¹ºˆ«ž ƒ¹ ˆ m p ƒ. lum ƒ¹º ƒ vƒ ºˆƒ p y m. F. 5 F. 6 ƒ º k e r ˆ ek 0 m l, l m ƒ k s Ž. ƒ y F. ƒ m ºˆ ˆ m Ž ƒ. p l s m ƒ ˆul. m ƒ Ž w vƒ p v m s F. 7 º. ƒ wšm Ž m k e s. k e r ƒ p, ƒ¹º ƒ vƒ ºˆƒ l. p º ˆƒ l s y m ƒ. l ƒ v k e r p m k es ƒ. ˆul. v k e r p Ž k ƒ ƒ s s p y. p m k es s ƒ s E I K E L K N ( KI K KI K KI K KOE F ransen response rajecory r s u " $ u p upu sr "! " $ % ' r s u u p uy upu sr! " $ % ' uy F. 3 Sln manfols of hh performance robus conroller esn usn nonlnear sln surface a he operan pon F. 8 F. 9 º. able Operan pons use n smulaon arameer Operan pon Operan pon Enne spee 000rpm 000rpm AF ref 45.5 E ref f./3600(k/s) 6.3/3600(k/s)

9 NF KH O + y py p uu upu sra c K pup u upu sr u u upu sr u p u upu sr "! NF KH O + p ru wy ur p pup! " $ % ' uy! " $ % ' uy y py p uu upu sra Z c p r y ur p "! NF KH O J Z ' pup u upu sr u u upu sr u p u upu sr NF KH % O J Z pup! " $ % ' uy F 4 Seay sae oupu reulaon response of hh performance robus conroller esn usn nonlnear sln surface a he operan pon r s u up!! upu sr %! " $ % ' uy F 6 Seay sae oupu reulaon response of eene npuoupu lnearaon o sln moe conrol a he operan pon c $ a w " p ur y w % %$ wy ur p su app py pc pup! " $ % ' uy r s u up!! upu sr! " $ % ' uy F 5 Sln manfols of eene npu-oupu lnearaon o sln moe conrol a he operan pon %"! " $ % uy ' c ' a w p % ur % y $ $ 9 y ur p su app py pc! " $ % uy pup F 7 ransen oupu reulaon response of eene npuoupu lnearaon o sln moe conrol

10 F[KOKHNF NKFKIOF NKFKIOFYKJKINEK FKF KHKOKHNF NKFKIOF NKFKIOFYKJKINEK FKF KOE KOE F[KOKHNF NKFKIOF NKFKIOFYKJKINEK FKF KHKOKHNF NKFKIOF NKFKIOFYKJKINEK FKF KOE 'ZJOKHNF NKFKIOF NKFKIOFYKJKINEK FKF KOE KHZJOKHNF NKFKIOF NKFKIOFYKJKINEK FKF KOE KOE 'ZJOKHNF NKFKIOF NKFKIOFYKJKINEK FKF KHZJOKHNF NKFKIOF NKFKIOFYKJKINEK FKF KOE F 8 Seay sae oupu reulaon response of I sln moe conrol KOE F 9 ransen oupu reulaon response of I sln moe conrol. 결론

11 ¹ E v p º p ˆ SISO v ID E v p p m e º w m. kƒ Ž v E v p º p l IO s v. l p r y «ª ª ««ª «ª ª ª ª ««ª «««ª ª ª ª ª «º yÿ «ª ª um º w r º. ˆm ««ª ª ª E ˆ ƒ ª «ª ª NOp ˆ ˆ«s «ª «p ¹ r±s ˆ¹. y ƒ yÿ º s ºˆ«euce orer moel m s v p ƒ. k e s ƒm p p ƒ ˆul. «««ª ª ª ª «ª ª «ª ««ª ª ª «eferences ª ª ª ª ª ««ª «ª «««««ª ª ª «ª Ô «ª ª ª ª «ª ª «««««ª «ª Ô «««ª ª «ª ª «ª ª «ª ««««ª «ª ª ««ª ª ª ª «ª ª ««ª««ª ª ª «««ª «ª ª «

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