unit 01 Pre test advocate 1 a proponent alternative 2 b noticeable comprehensive 3 c complete conspicuous 4 d articulate enunciate 5 e option extend 6 a leading foremost 7 b stretch inundate 8 c constant invariable 9 d flood luxuriant 10 e abundant manifest 11 a harden prerequisite 12 b necessary condition profusion 13 c evident reinforce 14 d strengthen solidify 15 e abundance surpass 16 a exceed tractable 17 b compliant tranquil 18 c energetic unparalleled 19 d peaceful vigorous 20 e unique 1 a 2 e 3 c 4 b 5 d 6 b 7 a 8 d 9 c 10 e 11 c 12 b 13 e 14 d 15 a 16 a 17 b 18 d 19 e 20 c
unit 01 01 advocate [ dv k it] n. 옹호자 = proponent, supporter, upholder, defender v. 주장하다, 지지하다 = urge, support, uphold, espouse, favor As an advocate, or proponent of human rights, Mother Theresa devoted her life to helping the poor. clue: ad (to) + voc (call) ~ 을향하여소리쳐부르다 evoke 불러내다, 일깨우다 <e=ex=out + vok=call : 밖으로부르다 > invoke 기원하다 <in + vok=call : 마음속으로부르다 > provoke 화나게하다, 자극하다 <pro=forth + vok=call : 앞에서소리쳐부르다 > revoke 취소하다 <re=back + vok=call : 뒤로불러들이다 > 02 alternative [ lt n tiv] n. 대안 = option, substitute, choice, other a. 대신의, 양자택일의 = substitutive, alternate, different New ways to treat arthritis may provide an alternative to painkillers. clue: alter (other) 다른것 alter 바꾸다 <alter=other : 다르게하다 > alteration 변경 <alter=other : 다르게하다 > alternate 교대하다, 번갈아하는 <alter=other : 다르게하다 > 03 comprehensive [k mprih nsiv] a. 포괄적인 = complete, extensive, broad, thorough, exhaustive, allinclusive I need to turn in a comprehensive report on the recent homicide case by Monday. clue: com (together) + prehend (take) 모든것을다잡는 comprehend 포함하다, 이해하다 <com=together + prehend=take : 전부잡다 > apprehend 체포하다, 이해하다, 염려하다 <ap=ad=to + prehend=take : ( 사람, 의미, 걱정을 ) 잡다 > reprehend 비난하다 <re=against + prehend=take : 적대적으로잡다 > imprison 투옥하다, 감금하다 <im=in + pris=take : 감옥안에잡아넣다 > 04 conspicuous [k nsp kju s] concealed, hidden a. 눈에띄는, 특징적인 = noticeable, evident, obvious, prominent, apparent The new skyscraper stands seventy stories high, making it the tallest and thus the most conspicuous building of the city s skyline. clue: con (intensive) + spic (see) 눈에잘보이는 despise 깔보다 <de=down + spis=see : 아래로내려보다 > despicable 비열한 <de=down + spic=see : 아래로내려보다 > auspicious 길조의, 경사스런 <aus=bird + spic=see : 새를보다 > 01 인권의옹호자혹은제안자로서테레사수녀는가난한사람들을돕는데일생을바쳤다. 02 관절염에대한새로운치료법들로인하여진통제에대한대안이마련 될지도모른다. 03 나는월요일까지최근살인사건에관한종합적인보고서를제출해야한다. 04 새로운고층건물이 70 층높이로세워져서, 도시의스카이라인에 서가장높고눈에띄는건물이되었다. 16
f i n a l 1 2 0 V O C A 05 enunciate [in nsi it] v. ( 똑똑히 ) 발음하다, 발표하다 = articulate, pronounce, enounce, vocalize She enunciates very slowly and carefully, especially when she speaks into the microphone. clue: e<ex (out) + nunci<nounce (say) 입밖으로말하다 announce 알리다 <an=ad=to + nounce=say : ~ 에게말하다 > denounce 비난하다 <de=down + nounce=say : 아래로깎아내려말하다 > pronounce 선언하다, 발음하다 <pro=forth + nounce=say : 앞에서말하다 > renounce 포기하다, 부인하다 <re=back + nounce=say : 말해놓고물러서다 > 06 extend [ikst nd] shorten v. 뻗다 = stretch, reach, spread, go as far as 연장하다 = expand, increase, enlarge, prolong, lengthen, elongate The cold weather extended into March. clue: ex (out) + tend (stretch) 밖으로뻗다 contend 싸우다, 주장하다 <con=together + tend=stretch : 서로펼치다 > pretend ~ 인체하다 <pre=before + tend=stretch : 앞에서자랑을펼치다 > distend 넓히다, 팽창시키다 <dis=away + tend=stretch : 멀리펼치다 > attend 출석하다, 돌보다 <at=ad=to + tend=stretch : ~ 로관심이뻗다 > 07 foremost [f m ust] a. 맨앞의, 주요한 = leading, chief, primary, paramount, supreme, preeminent Rostropovich, who has long been considered the world s foremost cellist, died of intestinal disease in Moscow Friday. clue: fore (front) + most 가장앞에있는 foretell 예언하다 <fore=front + tell : 미리말하다 > foresight 선견지명, 통찰력 <fore=front + sight 시야 : 미리앞을보다 > forestall 미리막다, 앞지르다 <fore=front + stall=put : 미리앞에두다 > forecast 예보하다 <fore=front + cast=throw : 미리생각을던지다 > 08 inundate [ n nd it] v. 침수시키다, 쇄도하다 = flood, submerge, swamp, deluge, overflow, overwhelm The rising waters of the Colorado River inundated the neighborhood, forcing the inhabitants to seek refuge. clue: in (in) + und (wave) 안으로파도치다 redundancy 여분, 장황 <re=again + und=wave : 계속해서파도가밀려오다 > abundance 풍부, 다량, 다수 <ab=away + und=wave : 멀리서파도가밀려오다 > abundant 풍부한, 많은 <ab=away + und=wave : 멀리서파도가밀려오다 > abound 풍부하다 <ab=away + und=wave : 멀리서파도가밀려오다 > 05 그녀는매우천천히그리고신중하게발음을하며, 특히마이크로이야기할때그러하다. 06 추운날씨가 3 월까지이어졌다. 07 세계적인주요첼리스트로오 랫동안존경받아온로스트로포비치가금요일모스크바에서장질환으로사망했다. 08 콜로라도강의범람으로그지역이침수되어서주민들이대피해야했다. 17
unit 01 09 invariable [inv ri b l] variable, changeable a. 불변의, 일정한 = constant, changeless, uniform, unvarying, unchanging, immutable In the Andean region, the weather is quite invariable, and thus it has become known as the City of the Eternal Spring. clue: in (not) + var (change) 변화가없는 vary 변화하다 <var=change : 변화 > vagary 예측불허의변화 <vag=change : 변화 > variable 변하기쉬운 <var=change : 변화하는 > invariably 변함없이 <in=not + var=change : 변화가없는 > 10 luxuriant [l g ri nt] barren, meager a. 무성한, 풍부한 = abundant, copious, plenteous, opulent, exuberant, lush The tourists marveled at the wide spreading branches and luxuriant foliage of the Amazon jungle. clue: lux (light) 햇빛을받고자란 luxurious 사치스러운 <lux=light : 빛나다 > luxury 사치 <lux=light : 빛나다 > luster 광택, 빛남 <lust=light : 빛나다 > lustrous 광택있는, 빛나는 <lust=light : 빛나다 > 11 manifest [m n f st] a. 명백한 = evident, obvious, clear, apparent, distinct, plain v. 나타내다 = reveal, demonstrate, display, evince, show, set forth The educational system of the government is a manifest failure. clue: mani (hand) 손에잡을수있을정도로 manual 손의, 안내서 <manu=hand : 손의 > manipulate 조종하다 <mani=hand + pul=full : 손으로장악하다 > emancipate ( 노예 ) 해방하다 <ex=out + man=hand : 손을풀어주다 > 12 prerequisite [pri r kw zit] n. 필수조건 = necessary condition, essential, requirement, requisite, must, qualification Good self-esteem is a prerequisite for a happy life. clue: pre (before) + re (again) + quir (ask) 미리반복해서요구하다 requisite 필요한, 필수품 <re=again + quisit=ask : 계속요구하다 > require 요구하다 <re=again + quir=ask : 계속요구하다 > acquire 획득하다 <ac=ad=to + quir=ask : 요구하던쪽에이르다 > 09 안데스지역의날씨는꽤일정하기때문에영원한봄날의도시로알려지게되었다. 10 관광객들은아마존정글의넓게뻗어있는나뭇가지와무성한나뭇잎에감 탄했다. 11 정부의교육제도는명백한실패이다. 12 자부심을충분히갖는것은행복한삶의필수조건이다. 18
f i n a l 1 2 0 V O C A 13 profusion [pr fj n] n. 대량, 풍부 = abundance, wealth, glut, exuberance, quantity There were a profusion of distinct ornaments at the market. dearth clue: pro (forth) + fus (pour) 앞으로퍼붓다 profuse 아낌없는, 풍부한 <pro=forth + fus=pour : 앞으로퍼붓다 > diffuse 흩트리다, 퍼뜨리다 <dif=dis=apart + fus=pour : 따로따로퍼붓다 > refuse 거절하다, 쓰레기 <re=back + fuse=pour : 뒤로퍼붓다 > 14 reinforce [r inf s] v. 강화하다 = strengthen, fortify, bolster, support These steel girders will reinforce the stability of a bell tower. clue: re (again) + force 다시힘을주다 fortify 강화하다 <fort=force + fy=make : 강하게만들다 > fortitude 꿋꿋함, 용기 <fort=force + tude=state : 강한상태 > enforce 실시하다, 집행하다 <en=make + force : 효력이생기게하다 > reinforcement 강화, 증원부대 <re=again + force : 다시힘을주다 > 15 solidify [s l d f i] divide v. 단결시키다, 응고시키다 = harden, cohere, coagulate, set As the lava flowed down the volcano, it solidified, forming strange shapes. clue: sol (whole) + fy (make) 한덩어리로만들다 consolidate 결합하다 <con=together + sol=whole : 합쳐서한덩어리로만들다 > solidarity 결속, 단결 <sol=whole : 한덩어리 > solid 고체의, 견고한 <sol=whole : 한덩어리 > 16 surpass [s p s] v. 능가하다 = exceed, outdo, excel, beat, outstrip, transcend It is only in superior mental powers, not in physical strength or acuity of the senses, that man surpasses other living things. clue: sur (over) + pass 위로넘어가다 unsurpassed 탁월한 <un=not + sur=over + pass : 아무도넘어갈수없다 > trespass 침범하다, 어기다 <tres=across + pass : 건너편으로넘어가다 > impasse 막다른골목, 곤경 <im=in=not + pass : 못넘어가다 > 13 시장에독특한장신구들이많았다. 14 이강철로된대들보가종탑의안정성을강화할것이다. 15 화산에서용암이흘러내리면서독특한형상을만들며응고되 었다. 16 인간은체력이나예민한감각에서가아니라우수한정신력에있어서만다른생물을능가한다. 19
unit 01 17 tractable [tr kt b l] intractable, inflexible a. 유순한, 다루기쉬운 = compliant, pliable, yielding, malleable, obedient The horse would instantly change from placid and tractable to anxious and difficult. clue: tract (draw) 당기는쪽으로오는 retract 후퇴하다 <re=back + tract=draw : 뒤로당기다 > protract 연장하다 <pro=forth + tract=draw : 앞으로당기다 > subtract 빼다 <sub=under + tract=draw : 밑으로당겨내다 > distract 분산시키다 <dis=apart + tract=draw : 따로따로당겨놓다 > 18 tranquil [tr kwil] a. 평온한 = peaceful, calm, serene, placid, pacific, restful Efforts are being made to make life more tranquil in overcrowded cities. clue: tran (across) + quil (quiet) 건너편도조용한 transact 거래하다 <trans=across + act : 건너서활동하다 > transport 운반하다 <trans=across + port=carry : 건너서나르다 > transcend 초월하다, 능가하다 <trans=across + cend=climb : 건너서올라가다 > transgress ( 범위를 ) 넘다, ( 법을 ) 어기다 <trans=across + gress=go : 건너가다 > 19 unparalleled [ np r l ld] a. 비할데없는 = unique, unequaled, matchless, incomparable, unsurpassed, superlative Germany s unparalleled prosperity is based on wise investments. clue: un (not) + para (beside) 옆에견줄것이없는 parallel 평행의, 유사한, 필적하다 <para=beside : 옆에있는 > parallelism 평행, 유사 <para=beside : 옆에있는 > paramount 최고의 <para=beside + mount : 옆의것을뛰어넘는 > 20 vigorous [v g r s] lethargic a. 정력적인 = energetic, strong, brisk, spirited, lively, strenuous, dynamic The vigorous pursuit of work is not always a guarantee of success. clue: vi (life) 살아있다 vigor 활기, 정력 <vig=life : 살아있다 > invigorate 기운나게하다 <vig=life : 살아있다 > vivacious 활기있는 <viv=life : 살아있다 > 17 말들은조용하고유순하다가불안하고다루기힘들게즉각적으로변하곤한다. 18 혼잡한도시에서의생활을좀더평온하게하기위한노력이행해지고있다. 19 독일의비할데없는번영은현명한투자에기반을두고있다. 20 일을정력적으로하는것이항상성공을보장하는것은아니다. 20
Check - up unit 01 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Choose the closest word or expression of the highlighted word in each question. Some people still advocate genetic engineering of plants and animals as the single best technology that can feed the world. A defend B uphold C assist D criticize Attending the course on Western Civilization has helped me get a comprehensive view of the growth of culture and society in both Europe and Northern America. A understandable B broad C credible D forceful It was once thought that Goldenrod caused hay fever, possibly since it blooms simultaneously with less conspicuous plants. A beautiful B controllable C noticeable D desirable A theoretical line on the globe, extending from the North to the South Pole, demarcates two consecutive calendar days. A explicating B exposing C expanding D exploring Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania is one of the nation s foremost industrial bases, located on a major transportation route. A mobile B leading C wealthy D newest The defining characteristic of the Moon s surface is its profusion of craters, the largest of them having a diameter of more than a hundred miles. A abundance B type C tolerance D circle Television commercials featuring household items are often accused of reinforcing stereotypical roles prevailing in society. A fortifying B modifying C exposing D contrasting As it cools over the years, the magma slowly solidifies and forms crystals. A complicates B hardens C obviates D prepares The human eye s sensitivity to color is hardly ever surpassed by even the most complex technical tools. A recorded B exceeded C found D provided 10 The city of Boston, which was founded in 1630, enjoyed vigorous intellectual pursuits as well as a reputation as one of the prime centers of Puritanism in the United States. A tolerant B strong C centralized D limited 21
unit 02 Pre test adjacent 1 a diligent assiduous 2 b stick cohere 3 c adjoining complement 4 d supplement compulsory 5 e obligatory consensus 6 a end demise 7 b dispersion descent 8 c coming down distribution 9 d agreement encompass 10 e include fragment 11 a particle maintenance 12 b distant predicate 13 c continuation prolong 14 d base remote 15 e extend substitute 16 a fluent superb 17 b replacement unequal 18 c magnificent voluble 19 d asymmetric withstand 20 e resist 1 c 2 a 3 b 4 d 5 e 6 d 7 a 8 c 9 b 10 e 11 a 12 c 13 d 14 e 15 b 16 b 17 c 18 d 19 a 20 e