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THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2015 Aug.; 26(8) 679 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2015.26.8.679 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Analysis of Radio Spectrum Policy for the Fifth Generation Mobile Communications 김창주 Chang-Joo Kim 요약 5G. 5G.. 3 5 GHz 5 GHz. Abstract The 5G mobile communication technologies have been extensively developed with the era of mobile broadband but spectrum policy for this service has not yet set up. In this paper We have investigated the 5G mobile service and analyzed the 5G spectrum policy taking the developing technologies into account. Based on the results of these analyses We propose an expansion of spectrum sharing in the 3 5 GHz bands spectrum harmonization of 5 GHz bands and restructuring of spectrum management administration from currently three distributed management to centralized spectrum management structure. Key words: Spectrum Policy Mobile Broadband Spectrum Harmonization. 서론. SMS(Short Message Service) video streaming MBMS(Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service). NFC(Near Field Communications) (FinTech). 5? ITU-R [1] gigabit.. Ericsson METIS(Mobile and wireless 2014 (ICT). (Radio Signal Analysis Lab. ETRI) Manuscript received April 7 2015 ; Revised July 9 2015 ; Accepted July 10 2015. (ID No. 20150407-01S) Corresponding Author: Chang-Joo Kim (e-mail: cjkim@etri.re.kr) c Copyright The Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science. All Rights Reserved. 679

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26 no. 8 Aug. 2015. communications Enablers for the Twenty-twenty Information [2] Society) 5 D2D(Device-to-Device) (MMC: Massive Machine Communications) (UDN: Ultra-Dense Network) (Moving Network) (URC: Ultra-Reliable Communication). NTT DOCOMO 5G 1 everything connected by wireless extension/enrichment of wireless services cloud computing [3]. NTT DOCOMO 11 GHz 10 Gbps. 5G 5G Forum. 2 5G Forum 5G 5G 의 보고서 에 따르면 세대 이동통신은 통신 대용량 사물통신 초밀집망 이동망 그리고 고신뢰통신 등의 서비스까지 제공할 것 으로 예측하고 있다 일본의 는 이동통 신서비스를 그림 에 도시한 바와 같이 그리고 상기 두 가지 서비스를 위한 의 영역으로 나누고 각 영역별 세부 서비스를 제시 하고 있다 그리고 이를 위한 선행 연구를 통하여 와 도쿄공업대학이 개발한 연구결과 즉 주파수 대역을 사용하여 의 전송속도로 전 송하는 시스템을 시연하였다 국내에서도 이동통신서 비스를 위하여 을 구성하고 산업체 학계 그리 고 연구소를 중심으로 활발하게 연구를 수행하고 있다 그림 는 에서 제시한 이동통신서비스의 개 념도로써 미래에는 이동통신망을 통하여 모든 사물이 연결되는 초연결(hyper-connectivity) 사회가 도래할 것으 에서 제시한 초연결 사회 개념도 그림 2. 5G Forum Fig. 2. Conceptual diagram of hyper-connectivity society proposed by 5G Forum. 로 전망하고 있다. 이와 같은 5G 이동통신서비스를 실현하기 위한 주요 성능 지표(KPI: Key Performance Indicator)로써 METIS에서는 그림 3에 나타낸 바와 같이 트 래픽 용량(traffic capacity) 이동성 및 서비스 영역 에너지 효율 장치의 수 신뢰도 통신지연시간(latency) 스펙트럼 이용의 유연성 데이터 전송속도 등 8개의 성능 지표를 설정하고 각각의 지표를 IMT-Advanced보다 매우 높게 설정하였다. 이동통신서비스 개념도 [4][5] [6] 그림 1. 5G Fig. 1. Conceptual diagram of 5G mobile communication services. 680

. 5G 이동통신서비스를위한전파기술 2-1 5G 이동통신망개념도 그림 3. 5G KPI Fig. 3. KPIs for 5G mobile communication services. 1000 10 100 10 100. 10 5. 5G [7] [10]. 5G 3 GHz 3 6 GHz. 5G. II 5G III 5G. IV V. METIS 5G 5 (horizontal topics) (technology component) [2]. 4. D2D(Deviceto-Device) MN(Moving Network) UDN(Ultra Dense Network) URC(Ultra Reliable Network) MMC (Massive Machine Communications). D2D off-loading E2E(End-to-End). MMC. MN 3 MN-M MN-N MN-V. UDN massive MIMO [11][12]. URC 100 %.. 4 5.. 2-2 5G 이동통신망을위한주파수이용기술 2-1 681

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26 no. 8 Aug. 2015. 에서 제시한 이동통신망 개념도 그림 4. METIS 5G Fig. 4. Conceptual diagram of 5G mobile network by METIS. 가 제시한 이동통신 대역별 주파수 이용방안 그림 5. NTT DOCOMO Fig. 5. Spectrum usage of mobile communication bands by NTT DOCOMO. 는 주파수를 어떻게 사용하여야 할 것인가? 전국에 걸쳐 모든 곳에서 통신이 가능하고 hot-spot 지역의 giga bps급 의 무선통신이 원활하게 이루어지려면 여러 가지 주파수 를 전파특성에 따라 적절히 사용하여야 한다. MN 서비스 682 를 제공하기 위해서는 3 GHz 이하의 주파수를 사용하여 야 하고 UDN traffic을 수용하기 위해서는 millimeter wave 를 사용하여 대용량의 정보를 전송하는 것이 효율적이다. 또한 MMC 서비스를 위해서는 커버리지나 QoS에 따라

. 3 GHz. D2D 1 GHz hot-spot 3 GHz. URC. 5 NTT DOCOMO [3]. (control plane) (user plane) 3 GHz 3 5 GHz. 3 GHz. NTT DO- COMO NOMA(Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access) [13] SCMA(Sparse Code Multiple Access) [14] FBMC(Filter Bank Multi-Carrier) [15] sidelobe guard time. 10 GHz massive MIMO. cognitive radio. LSA(Licensed Shared Access) [16]. 5 GHz DFS(Dynamic Frequency Selection) TVWS(Tele-Vision White Space). 2-3 5G 효율적인이동통신망구축방안. 그림 6. Fig. 6. Spectrum usage for nationwide mobile communication services. 683

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26 no. 8 Aug. 2015.. 7 6 macro/micro cell small cell [8].. 5G 서비스를위한주파수정책분석 3-1 스펙트럼의이용제도분석 그림 7. Fig. 7. A method of efficient infrastructure network.. 6 hot-spot [17][18].. 1. 1 2. LSA 2. 1 (PU: Primary User) 2 1. 2 LSA (incumbent) 2. 표 1. Table 1. Classification of spectrum usage types. (Licensed individual authorization) (Unlicensed license-exempt) (Spectrum sharing) (Exclusive) 1 (Shared primary access) 2 (Shared secondary access) 2 (Horizontal shared secondary access) 1 (Horizontal shared access) (Spectrum commons) (Application specific) WAPECS TV PLMR( ch. 14-20) Radar Exclusion Zone LSA Unlicensed TVBD Wi-Fi DFS UWB-DAA FACS ISM RFID WMTS MICS MBAN 684

표 2. RATG1 RATG2 2020 Table 2. Spectrum needs for RATG1 and RAYG2 services in the year 2020. Lower user density settings Higher user density settings Total spectrum requirements for RATG1 Total spectrum requirements for RATG2 Total spectrum requirements for RATG1 & RATG2 440 MHz 900 MHz 1340 MHz 540 MHz 1420 MHz 1960 MHz 1 I 2 UWB(Ultra Wide-Band) spectrum underlay. 2. 3-2 전파지형의재편에따른주파수정책방향 2007. 2. 8 ITU 그림 8. ITU-R Fig. 8. Traffic estimation of mobile communications by ITU- R. 표 3. Table 3. Types and features of spectrum policy for spectrum scarcity. LSA 1 2 PU PU [19]. 2010 25 100. (lower user density settings) 44 (Higher user density settings) 80 2020 1340 MHz 1960 MHz. 2 RATG1 IMT RATG2 IMT-Advanced.. NTIA FCC NBP(National Broadband Plan) 2020 500 MHz [20][21]. 2013 12 2.0 2020 680 MHz [22].... 3 685

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26 no. 8 Aug. 2015. 그림 9. METIS Fig. 9. Spectrum sharing method proposed by METIS. [23][24]. PCAST(President s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology) [25]. 3 GHz UDN. 3-3 5G 이동통신을위한주파수정책분석 5G. 3 GHz 3-5 GHz LSA.. 5 GHz Wi-Fi Wi-Fi Wi-Fi off-loading. 5.35 5.47 GHz 5.85 5.925 GHz Wi-Fi [26]. connected car 5.85 5.925 GHz ITS(Intelligent Transportation Systems). ITS PU Wi-Fi ITS. 5.65 5.925 GHz.. 1 UDN 10 GHz. 10.5 GHz 28 GHz.. 9 [7]. dedicated licensed spectrum. Vertical sharing 1 2. DFS DCS(Dynamic Channel Selection) geo-location DB. 9 unlicensed sharing bands 1.. 5G 서비스를위한주파수정책방안 4-1 모바일브로드밴드대역의확대 III 2 5 GHz 500 MHz 686

. 680 MHz /. 3.4 3.6 GHz IMT /.. UDN. 10 GHz 5G.. 4-2 주파수공동사용의확대 LSA 2.3 GHz 3.8 GHz. 2.3 GHz LSA. 3.8 GHz LSA. 3.6 4.2 GHz 4.4 5 GHz LSA. FCC 5 GHz Wi-Fi 5.35 5.47 GHz 5.85 5.925 NPRM (Notice of Proposed Rule Making).. 2015.. 3-3 /. 4-3 스펙트럼이용자유화의확대. (Spectrum Liberalization).... 60 GHz FACS (Flexible Access Common Spectrum) ISM(Industrial Scientific and Medical).. mask.. 4-4 주파수관리체계의일원화 3.. /. 3.. 4-5 국제호환성유지 687

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26 no. 8 Aug. 2015.. 2000. ITU-R. ICT ITU. WRC. 700 MHz 5 GHz Wi-Fi. 5.65 5.925 GHz 5.8 GHz ISM Wi-Fi.. ITS. 5.85 5.925 ITS connected car. 10 GHz 10.5 GHz 5G... 결론 5G.. 3 GHz 3 5 GHz. 10 GHz. 5 GHz. ITS ITS PU Wi-Fi 2 5.65 5.925 GHz.. 3 5 GHz. 5 GHz 5.85 5.925 GHz ITS 1...... References [1] ITU-R "IMT vision-framework and overall objectives of the future development of IMT for 2020 and beyond" Document 5D/601-E Feb. 2014. [2] METIS "Scenarios requirements and KPIs for 5G mobile and wireless system" ICT-317669-METIS/D1.1 Apr. 2013. [3] NTT DOCOMO "NTT DOCOMO s Views on 5G" 5 G-Johnnesberg-Summit 2014. 688

[4] 5G Forum " " 5G 2013 11. [5] 5G Forum "5G vision requirements and enabling technologies[v.1.0]" Mar. 2015. [6] S. Mazur "5G - The next generation wireless connectivity for the networked society" Ericsson May 2014. [7] METIS "Description of the spectrum needs and usage principles" ICT-317669-METIS/D5.3 Aug. 2014. [8] J. Zander "Spectrum for future wireless access - shortage for whom?" KTH-The Royal Institute of Technology May 2013. [9] Ericsson "Spectrum sharing" Ericsson White Paper White Paper Uen 284 23-3205 2013. [10] P. Merz "Optimizing spectrum usage for 2020 and beyond" Johannesberg Summit 2014. [11] ITU-R "Future technology trends of terrestrial IMT systems" Report ITU-R M.2320-0 Nov. 2014. [12] J. Hoydis et al. "Making smart use of excess antennas: massive MIMO small cells and TDD" Bell Labs Technical Journal 2013. [13] Y. Saito et al. "Non-orthogonal multiple access(noma) for future radio access" IEEE VTC Spring 2013. [14] H. Nikopour "Sparse code multiple access" PIMRC 2013. [15] T. Ihalainen et al. "Generation of filter bank-based multicarrier waveform using partial synthesis and time domain interpolation" IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: vol. 57 no. 7 Jul. 2010. [16] E. Faussurier "Introduction of new spectrum sharing concepts: LSA and WSD" ITU-R SG 1/WP 1B Workshop: Spectrum Management Issues on the Use of White Spaces by Cognitive Radio Systems Jan. 2014. [17] ARTIST4G "Advanced radio interface technologies for 4G systems" Jan. 2010. [18] " " 13- -029 2013 12. [19] ITU-R M.2290 Dec. 2013. [20] FCC "National Broadband Plan" Mar. 2010. [21] " " 23(8) pp. 853-860 2012 8. [22] "700 MHz " 700 MHz 2015 4. [23] " " 24(8) pp. 805-819 2013 8. [24] " " 25(8) pp. 828-837 2014 8. [25] PCAST "Report to the president: Realizing the full potential of government-held spectrum to spur economic growth" Jul. 2012. [26] FCC NPRM FCC 13-22 ET Docket No. 13-49 Feb. 2013. 1976 1980 : ( ) 1986 1988 : ( ) 1989 1993 : ( ) 1979 12 1983 3 : ADD 1983 3 : 1994 1998 : 1999 2001 : 2003 2010 : [ 주관심분야 ] Cognitive Radio 689