The Clinician’s Lament: How Can I Keep Up With the Literature?

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Evidence-Based Medicine

; 10-890 ; Medline, Embase, Cochrane library, Best Evidence

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: 20,000 : 17,000 Medline : 4000 : 600 : 400,000 : 200 :15,000

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EBM (Pre-Digested Evidence) ACP Journal Club Evidence-based Medicine

We conclude that long-term treatment with timolol in patients surviving acute myocardial infarction reduces mortality and the rate of reinfarction. The Norwegian Multicentre Study Group The mortality and hospital readmission rates were not significantly different in the two groups. Repnolds and Whitlock Until the results of further trials are reported long-term beta-adrenoceptor blockade is recommended after uncomplicated anterior myocardial infarction. Multicentre International Study The trial was designed a 50% reduction in mortality and this was not shown. The nonfatal reinfarction rate was similar in both groups. Baber et al

(Review) It seems perfectly reasonable to treat patients who have survived an infarction with timolol. European Heart Journal (1981) We still have no clear evidence that beta-blockers improve long-term survival after infarction despite almost 20 years of clinical trials. BMJ (1981)

year 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 0.5 0.8 1 2

Cochrane Systematic Reviews (1022; another 500 in preparation) Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effectiveness (1895) Registry of Randomised Controlled Trials (218,355)

1250 1000 750 500 250 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99

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: evidence-tyrannized medicine eminence-based, eloquence-based, confidence-based, providence-based..medicine

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: N=43 Case-Fatality Rate N=45 N=57 Chalmers,et al. N Engl J Med 1983; 309:1358-61

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ACP Journal Club Journals No. No.of issue No. of Articles abstracted Core 9 272 139 2 Others 17 188 39 5 The rest 21 199 0 Issue per article NEJM, Ann Intern Med, JAMA, Arch Intern Med, Circulation, Lancet, Am J Med, BM J, J Intern Med

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U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Expert panel first appointed by PHS in 1984 Third TF now meeting Makes recommendation on clinical preventive services Screening, immunizations, counseling, chemoprophylaxis Evidence-based, systematic methodology

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J.Briggs Inst.for Evid.Based Nursing&Midwifery, AUS National Institute of Clinical Studies NICS, AUS Austrian Ass.for Quality in Healthcare, A Belgian Center for Evidence based Medicine, B Flemish College of General Practitioners, B Program in Evidence-based Care, Cancer Care Ontario, CDN Danish Guidelines Secretariat, DK Finnish Medical Society Duodecim, FIN Finnish Office for HTA FINOHTA, FIN French Nat.Agency for Accred., Eval in Healthcare ANAES, F French National Federation of Cancer Research Centres, F German Association of Scientific Medical Societies AWMF, D Berlin Chamber of Physicians, D German Agency for Quality in Medicine ÄZQ, D Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland RCSI, IRL Iceland Directorate of Health, ISL Italian Evidence-Based Medicine Group GIMBE, I Regional Health Agency Emilia-Romagna, I Malaysian Ministry of Health, MAL New Zealand Accident Compensation Corporation, NZ New Zealand Guidelines Group, NZ Norwegian Directorate for Health and Social Affairs, NO Polish Institute for EbM, PL Polish Soc.for Quality Promotion in Healthcare, PL Portuguese Institute for Quality in Healthcare, POR Slovene Guidelines Group, SLO Basque HTA Office OSTEBA, E Josep Laporte Library Foundation, Barcelona, E Swedish Board of Health and Welfare (Socialstyrelsen), S Clinical Epidemiology Center Lausanne, CH Swiss Medical Association FMH, CH Dutch Association of Comprehensive Cancer Centres, NL Dutch College of General Practitioners, NL Dutch Institute for Healthcare Improvement CBO, NL National Institute for Clinical Excellence NICE, UK Centre for Reviews & Dissemination York, UK Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, UK Sowerby Centre for Health Informatics at Newcastle, UK Agency for Health Research & Quality AHRQ, USA National Kidney Foundation, USA AGREE Collaboration, INT World Health Organisation Geneva WHO, INT Membership April 2003

Leadership Leadership Developed by Vijay Ganju, NASMHPD

- : evidence-tyrannized medicine - eminence-based, eloquence-based, confidence-based, providence-based..medicine