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Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture Korean J Environ Agric (212) Online ISSN: 2233-4173 Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 351-358 http://dx.doi.org/1.5338/kjea.212.31.4.351 Print ISSN: 1225-3537 Research Article Open Access 인공습지를이용한축산폐수처리장에서수생식물의생육특성과영양염류흡수특성 박종환, 1 서동철, 2 김성헌, 1 이충헌, 1 최정호, 3 이상원, 4 이동진, 5 하영래, 1 조주식, 2** 허종수 1* 1 경상대학교응용생명과학부 (Bk21 농생명산업글로벌인재육성사업단 ) & 농업생명과학원, 2 순천대학교생물환경학과, 3 한국환경공단환경분석처, 4 경남과학기술대학교제약공학과, 5 국립환경과학원영산강물환경연구소 Growth Characteristic and Nutrient Uptake of Water Plants in Constructed Wetlands for Treating Livestock Wastewater Jong-Hwan Park, 1 Dong-Cheol Seo, 2 Seong-Heon Kim, 1 Choong-Heon Lee, 1 Jeong-Ho Choi, 3 Sang-Won Lee, 4 Dong-Jin Lee, 5 Yeong-Rae Ha, 1 Ju-Sik Cho 2** and Jong-Soo Heo 1* ( 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program) & Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 66-71, Korea, 2 Department of Bio-Environmental Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 54-742, Korea, 3 Division of Environmental Analysis, Korea Environment corporation, Incheon, 44-78, Korea, 4 Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, 66-758, Korea, 5 Yeongsan River Environmental Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research Ministry of Environment) Received: 23 October 212 / Revised: 8 November 212 / Accepted: 29 November 212 c 212 The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract BACKGROUND: Constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment are vegetated by wetland plants. Wetland plants are an important component of wetlands, and the plants have several roles in relation to the livestock wastewater treatment processes. The objectives of this study were to investigate the growth characteristics and nutrient absorption of water plants in constructed wetlands for treating livestock wastewater. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, livestock wastewater treatment plant by constructed wetlands These authors contributed equally to this work. * 교신저자 (Corresponding author), Phone: +82-55-772-1963; Fax: +82-55-772-1969; E-mail: jsheo@gnu.ac.kr ** 공동교신저자 (Co-Corresponding author), Phone: +82-61-75-3297; Fax: +82-61-752-811; E-mail: chojs@sunchon.ac.kr consisted of 1 st water plant filtration bed, 2 nd activated sludge bed, 3 rd vertical flow, 4 th horizontal flow and 5 th HF beds. Phragmites communis TRINIUS(PHRCO) was transplanted in 3 rd VF bed, Iris pseudoacorus L(IRIPS) was transplanted in 4 th HF bed and PHRCO, IRIPS and Typha orientalis PRESEL(THYOR) were transplanted in 5 th HF. Growth of water plants in constructed wetlands were the highest in October. The IRIPS growth was higher than other plant as 264 g/plant in October. The absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus by IRIS were 3.38 g/plant and.634 g/plant, respectively. The absorption of K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn by water plants were higher in the order of IRIPS > THYOR > PHRCO. CONCLUSION(S): The absorption of nutrients by water plants were higher on the order of IRIPS > THYOR > PHRCO in constructed wetlands for treating livestock wastewater. Key Words: Constructed wetlands, Growth characteristics, Livestock wastewater, Nutrients uptake, Water plant 351

352 PARK et al. 서론 28 년말현재소, 돼지의가축분뇨발생량은일일 133,964 m 3 이며, 이중돼지는 78,148 m 3, 젖소는 2,338 m 3, 한우는 35,478 m 3 로돼지사육농가에서발생되는가축분뇨가 58% 로가장많은양을차지하고있으며, 사육규모별로는대규모사육농가인허가대상이 52%, 중규모사육농가인신고대상이 35% 로축산농가가점점대규모화되고있는실정이다 (Park et al., 211). 보편적으로축산폐수처리시설에적용되고있는축산폐수처리공법은활성슬러지공법이지만이공법은운전시폭기조내의거품및 sludge bulking 문제가자주발생하고슬러지의침전성이불량하고, 유지관리비가높아대규모의처리장에서나운전이가능하며, 중규모또는그이하규모에서는처리장치의운전에기술적ㆍ경제적난점이많은것으로알려져있다 (Park et al., 211). 물리ㆍ화학적처리방법은약품처리에의한비경제성과응집으로생성된다량의슬러지처리문제및약품투입등으로인한 2차오염등의문제점이있다. 액상부식법은호기성소화법의단점을보완한생물학적처리와화학적처리방법을병행한처리방법으로서단시간에처리가가능하며, 처리공정이단순하여운전관리가용이하고, 24 시간연속운전이가능하다는장점이있지만화학적처리로인한 2차오염, 과다한슬러지발생량으로인한슬러지처리비용증가, 부식으로인한기기수명의단축등의문제점을가지고있는것으로알려져있다 (Han and Han, 21). 이에축산폐수의정화처리시설은건설비및유지관리비가저렴하고, 질소및인처리효율이높은축산폐수처리장이필요할것으로판단된다. 그래서본연구진은인공습지축산폐수처리장개발하기위한최적조건및처리효율극대화에대한연구를보고한바있으나 (Kim et al., 211; Seo et al., 211), 이들연구는축산폐수의정화효율에중점을두어진행되었으며, 축산폐수처리를위한인공습지에서수생식물, 여재및미생물등에대한연구결과는거의없는실정이다. 일반적으로자연정화공법에의한오ㆍ폐수처리장에서수생식물의역할은여재층의유기물함량을증가시켜여재표면의미생물생육을촉진시키며, 여재의입단형성을촉진시켜폐수의투수속도를증가시킬뿐아니라오염물질처리효율을증가시키는것으로알려져있다 (Kang and Shim, 1998). 또한축산폐수처리장내에수생식물이생육함에따라여재층의막힘현상을크게줄일수있고, 질소인그리고각종무기성분등의오염물질들을흡수하는역할을하는것으로알려져있다 (Seo et al., 26a). 또한수생식물생육상황은축산폐수처리장의수처리효율과밀접한관계를가지고있으며, 악취를줄이고미관상혐오감을크게줄일수있어자연정화공법에의한축산폐수처리장에서중요한역할을한다 (Seo et al., 26b). 따라서본연구는자연정화공법에의한축산폐수처리장에서이식한수생식물의축산폐수처리시기별생육특성과영양염류흡수특성에대해조사하였다. 재료및방법 공시재료본실험에사용된공시축산폐수는경남진주시이반성면장안리에위치한실제축산농가에서채취하여공시원수로사용하였으며, 시험여재는경남사천시용현면에위치한여재채취장에서판매되는여재를사용하였다. 시험축산폐수의화학적특성은 Table 1과같고, 현장축산폐수처리장에사용한여재의이화학적특성은 Table 2 및 Fig. 1에서보는바와같다. 현장축산폐수처리장에사용된여재는 Kim 등 (211) 의선행연구에따라수직흐름조 의경우왕사, 쇄석및방해석을 3 : 2 : 1로혼합한여재를사용하였고, 수평흐름조 의경우왕사, 쇄석및제올라이트를 3 : 2 : 1로혼합한여재를사용하였다. 수직흐름조및수평흐름조여재의유효입경 ( 여재를입경순으로나열하였을때작은입경으로부터중량 1% 되는부분의여재의입경 ; d 1) 은각각 2.6 mm이었으며, 균등계수 ( 여재를입경순으로나열하였을때작은입경으로부터중량 6% 되는입경과 1% 되는입경과의비 ; d 6/d 1) 는각각 2.53 및 2.6이었다. 그리고현장축산폐수처리장에이식한수생식물은 Seo 등 (26a) 의선행연구결과에따라 3차수직흐름조에는갈대 (PHRCO), 4차수평흐름조에는노랑꽃창포 (IRIPS) 및 5차수평흐름조에는갈대, 노랑꽃창포및부들 (THYOR) 을이식하였으며, 모든수생식물은야외노지에서성장한수초를분주하여처리장내에이식하였다. 공시수생식물의일반적인특성은 Table 3에서보는바와같다. 1 8 6 4 2.1.1.1 1 1 1 A Filter media size (mm) A: Mixed filter media in VF bed (Coarse sand : Broken stone : Calcite = 3 : 2 : 1), B: Mixed filter media in HF bed (Coarse sand : Broken stone : Zeolite = 3 : 2 : 1). Fig. 1. Particle size distribution of the filter media used. Table 1. Characteristics of the livestock wastewater used ph EC COD SS T-N T-P ds/m ---------------------mg/l------------------ Average 6.8 2.64 1,639 9,4 5,24 725 S.D *.7.28 2,451 2,514 1,127 12 * Standard Deviation. B

Growth Characteristic and Nutrient Uptake of Water Plants in Constructed Wetlands for Treating Livestock Wastewater 353 Table 2. Characteristics of the filter media used Mixed filter media ph EC OM T-N T-P K Ca Mg Na Fe Mn Cu Zn 1:5H 2O ds/m g/kg --------------------------------mg/kg------------------------------- A 8..6 5.9 11.1 3.5 15,688 69,373 2,484 38 3,741 149 1.35 85.5 B 7.5.5 6.9 16.2 51.4 1,643 1,451 1,9 324 2,972 114 11.4 5.2 A: Mixed filter media in VF bed (Coarse sand : Broken stone : Calcite = 3 : 2 : 1), B: Mixed filter media in HF bed (Coarse sand : Broken stone : Zeolite = 3 : 2 : 1). Table 3. General characteristics of water plants in livestock wastewater treatment plant Korean name Scientific name Bayer code Vegetative characteristics Source 갈대 Phragmites communis TRIN. PHRCO 1-3 m height, 1-2 cm diameter, September blooming Wetland Riverside 노랑꽃창포 Iris pseudoacorus L. IRIPS.5-1 m height, 2-5 cm diameter, May blooming 부들 Typha orientalis Presel TYHOR 1-1.5 m height, 1-2 cm diameter, July blooming Wetland Lake Wetland Riverside 현장축산폐수처리장설계및시공현장축산폐수처리장은 Fig. 2와같이수생식물여과조- 활성슬러지조- 인공습지를연결하여하나의시스템으로운전이가능하게제작하였다. 각조의크기는 1차처리수생식물여과조의경우공히직경.9 m 높이 1. m인플라스틱원통을사용하여용량이.63 m 3 되게시공하였으며, 2차처리활성슬러지조는세로 3 m 가로 3 m 높이 1 m로용량이 9 m 3 이되게시공하였다. 또한 3차처리인인공습지의수직흐름조의경우세로 4 m 가로 4 m 높이 1 m로용량이 16 m 3 이되게제작하였고, 4차처리수평흐름조의경우는세로 4 m 가로 5 m 높이 1 m로용량이 2 m 3 이되게시공하였으며, 5차처리수평흐름조의경우세로 4 m 가로 5 m 높이.5 m로용량이 1 m 3 이되게시공하였다. 수생식물여과조에는자갈을하부에서부터.3 m까지충진한후인공습지에서생육한수생식물을건조하여 3 5 cm 크기로분쇄하여하부.3 m에서부터.9 m까지충진하였고, 활성슬러지조에는산청군축산폐수공공처리시설에서채수한활성슬러지를하부에서.9 m까지주입하였다. 수생식물여과조- 활성슬러지조- 인공습지를연계한현장축산폐수처리장에서축산폐수의흐름은 1차수생식물여과조에축산폐수를 8 L/day 유입시켜수직여과방식으로처리하여유출된수생식물여과조처리수는자연유하식으로 2차활성슬러지조로유입되게하였고, 활성슬러지조에유입된축산폐수는폭기하여반응조에서처리가되게하였으며, 활성슬러지조에서처리된처리수는인공습지로유입되게하였다. 또한, 인공습지에서축산폐수의흐름은활성슬러지조에서처리된처리수를호기성조에유입시켜수직여과방식으로처리하여유출된처리수는자연유하식으로 4차및 5차처리인수평흐름조로순차적으로유입되게하였고, 각수평흐름조에유입된축산폐수는수평의지그재그방향으로흐르게하였다. Fig. 2. Diagram of a livestock wastewater treatment system by natural purification method with water plant filtration and activated sludge beds. 축산폐수처리장에서수생식물의조사시기인공습지축산폐수처리장의수생식물은 21년 7월 1일에이식하였으며, 수생식물의생육특성은 21년 8월 1일 ( 수생식물이식후 1개월 ), 21년 1월 1일 ( 수생식물이식후 3 개월 ), 21년 12월 1일 ( 수생식물이식후 5개월 ) 에각각조사하였으며, 영양염류의흡수특성은생육특성조사와동일한시기에채취한식물체의 T-N, T-P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Cu 및 Zn을각각조사하였다. 분석방법식물체분석은농촌진흥청농업과학기술원표준분석법 (NIAST, 2) 에준하여분석하였다. 식물체시료를 7 dry oven에서 3일간건조하여시험용도에따라마이크로분쇄기로.1 mm 입자크기로분쇄하였으며, T-N 및 T-P는습식분해법 (H 2SO 4 + H 2O 2) 으로시료를분해한후분해된여액을사용하여 T-N 분석은 Kjeldahl 증류법 (Gerhardt Autosampler Vapodest 5 carouse, Germany) 으로분석하였으며, T-P의분석은 Vanadate법 (UV255PC, Perkin Elmer) 으로분석하였다. 또한 K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Cu 및 Zn의분석은습식분해법 (H 2SO 4 + H 2O 2) 으로시료를분해한후분해된여액을사용하여 ICP-AES(OPTIMA 43DV/ 53DV, Perkin Elmer) 으로분석하였다.

354 PARK et al. Table 4. Growth characteristics of water plants in livestock wastewater treatment plant Bed Bayer code 3 rd Vertical flow PHRCO 4 th Horizontal flow IRIPS 5 th Horizontal flow PHRCO IRIPS At months after transplanting of plant Dry weight (g/plant) Plant heights (cm) Root heights (cm) Branched number (ea) 1 21.4±2.1 63.1±7.1 11.2±3.2 7±.8 3 36.4±4.2 196.2±42.4 21.4±6.8 16±4.2 5 28.4±1.6 118.4±1.3 19.8±2.4 11±1.4 1 78.1±4.6 42.8±6.8 2.1±1.1 6±1.1 3 264.4±21.1 145.6±11.7 32.5±9.1 12±3.2 5 186.4±12.2 84.5±15.1 3.5±1.2 1±4.3 1 15.8±3.1 52.7±1.2 14.5±8.6 6±.9 3 31.5±2.7 211.4±3. 36.1±12.4 12±5.1 5 17.2±3.1 14.7±24.7 24.8±1.4 8±2.4 1 65.5±5.2 54.2±1.2 13.6±6.5 7±1. 3 24.8±9. 151.6±13.2 34.5±1.2 12±2.1 5 175.4±8.4 78.4± 6.9 24.9±8.5 9±1.1 1 34.2±3.8 42.8±11.2 7.4±2.1 7±.9 TYHOR 3 13.4±2.2 215.6±14.7 18.9±2.2 1±1.8 5 86.2±9.1 112.8±9.4 15.4±4.2 8±1.8 PHRCO : Phragmites communis TRINUS., IRIPS : Iris peseudoacorus L., TYHOR : Typha orientalis PRESEL. 결과및고찰 축산폐수처리장에서수생식물의생육특성 현장축산폐수처리장에서 3차, 4차및 5차처리조모두축산폐수처리시일이경과할수록수생식물의생육은이식후부터 3개월동안왕성하게생육하였으며, 5개월후에는생육이저조하였다. 수생식물의생육 1개월후인 21년 8월의생육상황을조사한결과는 Table. 4와같이 3차, 4차및 5차처리조내의갈대, 노랑꽃창포및부들은초기생육이전반적으로양호한편이였다. 수생식물의생육 3개월후인 21년 1월의생육상황을조사한결과수생식물의생육 1개월에비해초장, 분얼수및잎수등생육발달이왕성하였으며, 처리조전체에수생식물이무성하게퍼졌다. 특히노랑꽃창포의경우타수생식물에비해생육이매우좋았다. 수생식물의생육 5 개월후인 21 년 12 월의 3 차, 4 차및 5차처리조내각수생식물의생육상황을조사한결과처리조내의모든수생식물은생육이저조하였다. 이는겨울철식물의고사로인한것으로판단된다. 인공습지축산폐수처리장의처리조에이식한수생식물의축산폐수처리시일이경과함에따른건물중량을조사한결과는 Table 4에서보는것과같이처리조내갈대, 노랑꽃창포및부들의건물중량은수생식물이식 3개월후인 1월까지서서히증가하였다. 특히노랑꽃창포의건물중은갈대및부들에비해월등히높았다. Kang 등 (211) 에따르면자유수면형인공습지에서수생식물의건물중량은이와동일한경향으 로 1월까지는증가하는경향이었으나, 1월이후부터는서서히감소하는경향이었다. 또한 Seo 등 (26a) 에의하면자연정화공법에의한하수처리장에서수생식물의건물중량을조사한결과갈대에비해부들이건물중량이높은것으로보고되었는데본연구결과도그와동일한경향이었다. 축산폐수처리장에서수생식물의영얌염류흡수특성 수생식물의생육시일별영양염류흡수량은수생식물내영양염류함량에생육시기별건물중량을고려하여산출하였다. 질소흡수량은 3, 4 및 5차처리인수직흐름조및수평흐름조모두에서수생식물이식후 1개월까지점점증가하였으나증가폭이크지않았고, 수생식물이식후 3개월후인가을철에는수생식물의질소흡수량이최대가되었다 (Fig. 3). 그러나수생식물이식후 5개월후인겨울철에는기후적인영향으로수생식물이고사되어질소흡수량이다시감소하였다. 질소흡수량이최대인수생식물이식후 3개월인 21년 1월에각수생식물의질소흡수량은수직흐름조에이식한갈대가.146 g/plant, 4차수평흐름조에이식한노랑꽃창포가 3.38 g/plant 이었고, 5차수평흐름조에이식한갈대는.11 g/plant, 노랑꽃창포는 2.49 g/plant 및부들이 1.7 g/plant으로노랑꽃창포가다른수생식물에비해질소흡수량이매우높았다. 1차수생식물여과조및 2차활성슬러지조에서처리된처리수중의질소는대부분토양입자중의점토입자에흡착되어수생식물에의해서흡수되든지혹은미생물에의해분해및탈질됨으로써제거되는것으로알려져있다 (Seo et al., 26a). 유기태질소는침전과여과로제거되며, 이유기태질

Growth Characteristic and Nutrient Uptake of Water Plants in Constructed Wetlands for Treating Livestock Wastewater 355 T-N absorbed in water plant (mg/plant) 4 3 2 1 T-P absorbed in water plant (mg/plant).8.6.4.2 PHRCO: Phragmites communis TRINUS., IRIPS: Iris peseudoacorus L., TYHOR : Typha orientalis PRESEL., VF: Vertical Flow, HF: Horizontal Flow. Fig. 3. Uptake of T-N and T-P by water plants at months after transplanting of plant in livestock wastewater treatment plant ( : 1 month, : 3 month, : 5 month). 소는더욱분해되어암모니아이온을방출하는용존성아미노산으로가수분해되기도한다. 암모니아는식물과미생물이섭취하기용이하고, 호기성조건에서생물학적질산화에의하여질산태질소로전환되기도한다. 식물이이용할수있는질소의형태는암모니아태질소와질산태질소로서식물의뿌리에부착된미생물이유기태질소를분해하여식물이이용할수있는형태로전환시켜줌으로서최종적으로식물이이를흡수하게되는것으로알려져있다 (Lee et al., 1999). 수생식물생육시일에따른인흡수량을조사한결과는 Fig. 3에서보는바와같다. 수생식물이식후인흡수량은질소의흡수량과비슷한경향으로갈대, 노랑꽃창포및부들에서수생식물이식후 3개월까지인흡수량이점점증가하였다. 수생식물이식후 5개월후인 12월에는겨울철수생식물의고사로인해수생식물의잎과줄기가고사하여수생식물의인흡수량이다시감소하였다. 인흡수량이최대인수생식물이식후 3개월후인 21년 1월에각수생식물의인흡수량은3 차수직흐름조의갈대 (.58 g/plant) 가 5차수평흐름조의갈대 (.58 g/plant) 에비해높은경향이었으며, 4차수평흐름조의노랑꽃창포 (.63 g/plant) 가 5차수평흐름조노랑꽃창포 (.55 g/plant) 에비해높은경향이었다. 5차수평흐름조에서수생식물의인흡수량은노랑꽃창포 부들 > 갈대순이었다. 식물이흡수할수있는인은 HPO 2-4, H 2PO - 4 의형태이며, 질소의경우와마찬가지로부착미생물이유기인을분해함으로서식물이흡수할수있도록만들어준다 (Lee et al., 1999). Lee 등 (1994) 은인이갈대뿌리부의산화층에서식물에의한흡수가활발한반면환원층에서는인의방출이진행되고, 체류일수가길어질수록갈대에의한인의흡수량이많아져인의처리율이향상되었다고하였다. 습지식물로흡수되는인의양은질소에비하여매우적으며, 인이습지에연간.5 g/plant이유입될경우약 65-95% 가식물에의하여제거되나.1-.15 g/plant이유입될경우는식물에의한 처리율이 3-4% 로낮아지는경향으로서인의흡수량은습지로유입되는인의농도에영향을받는것으로보고되고있다 (Yang, 1999). 이상의결과를미루어볼때, 질소및인처리에효과적인수생식물은노랑꽃창포로사료된다. Kim(28) 의연구결과에서도노랑꽃창포는생육이왕성한 8월과 1월에질소및인정화효율이높았으며, 생육이저조했던겨울철에도정화효율이일정한수준으로유지된다고보고하였다. 수생식물생육시기에따른 K, Ca, Mg 및 Na 흡수량을조사한결과는 Fig. 4에서보는바와같다. 3, 4, 5차처리인수직흐름조및수평흐름조모두에서수생식물이식후축산폐수처리경과일수가증가함에따라 K, Ca, Mg 및 Na 흡수량이점점증가하였다. K, Ca, Mg 및 Na 흡수량은수직흐름조와수평흐름조모두에서수생식물이식후 1개월까지점점증가하였으나증가폭이크지않았고, 수생식물이식후 3개월후인가을철에는수생식물의 K, Ca, Mg 및 Na흡수량이최대가되었다. 그러나수생식물이식후 5개월후인겨울철에는수생식물의고사로인해수생식물의잎과줄기가고사하여 K, Ca, Mg 및 Na 흡수량이다시감소하였다. 3차수직흐름조의 K, Ca, Mg 및 Na 흡수량은수생식물이식후 3개월후인 21년 1월에갈대가각각.12,.4,.25 및.13 g/plant으로연중가장높았다. 또한 4차수평흐름조의 K, Ca, Mg 및 Na흡수량은수생식물이식후 3개월후에노랑꽃창포의경우 12.99, 1.64,.62 및.3 g/plant으로연중가장높았고, 5차수평흐름조부들의경우.44,.2,.27 및.2 g/plant으로연중가장높았다. 따라서 K, Ca, Mg 및 Na 흡수량은전반적으로노랑꽃창포 부들 갈대순이었다. Seo 등 (26a) 는자연정화공법에의한하수처리장수평흐름조에서수생식물의무기성분의흡수특성에관한연구결과노랑꽃창포가부들에비해높은흡수능력을가졌다고보고하였는데, 본연구결과도이

356 PARK et al. K absorbed in water plant (mg/plant) 15 12 9 6 3 Ca absorbed in water plant (mg/plant) 2 1.5 1.5 Mg absorbed in water plant (mg/plant).8.6.4.2 Na absorbed in water plant (mg/plant).7.6.5.4.3.2.1 PHRCO: Phragmites communis TRINUS., IRIPS: Iris peseudoacorus L., TYHOR : Typha orientalis PRESEL.,VF: Vertical Flow, HF: Horizontal Flow. Fig. 4. Uptake of K, Ca, Mg and Na by water plants at months after transplanting of plant in livestock wastewater treatment plant ( : 1 month, : 3 month, : 5 month). 와동일한경향이었다. 이는부들에비해노랑꽃창포의건물중량이높음으로써도출된결과인것으로사료된다. 또한 Kim 등 (27) 의생활폐수처리를위한최적수생식물선정실험의결과에서도수질정화능력은건물중량에비례적으로증가하는경향을보였다. 수생식물생육시기에따른 Fe, Mn, Cu 및 Zn 흡수량을조사한결과는 Fig. 5에서보는바와같다. 3, 4 및 5차처리인수직흐름조및수평흐름조모두에서수생식물이식후축산폐수처리경과일수가증가함에따라 Fe, Mn, Cu 및 Zn 흡수량이점점증가하였다. Fe, Mn, Cu 및 Zn 흡수량은 3차, 4차및 5차처리인수직흐름조및수평흐름조모두에서수생식물이식후 1-2개월까지점점증가하였으나증가폭이크지않았고, 수생식물이식후 3개월후인가을철에는수생식물의 Fe, Mn, Cu 및 Zn 흡수량이최대가되었다. 그러나수생식물이식후 5개월후인겨울철에는수생식물의고사로인해수생식물의잎과줄기가고사하여 Fe, Mn, Cu 및 Zn 흡수량이다시감소하였다. 3차수직흐름조의 Fe, Mn, Cu 및 Zn 흡수량은수생식물이식후 3개월후인 21년 1월에갈대가각각.4,.1,.7 및.3 g/plant으로연중가장높았다. 또한 4차수평흐름조의 Fe, Cu, Mn 및 Zn 흡수량은수생식물이식후 3개월후에노랑꽃창포의경우.28,.19,.9 및.2 g/plant으로연중가장높았고, 5차수평흐름조부들의경우.11,.5,.1 및.1 g/plant 으로연중가장높았다. 따라서 Fe, Mn, Cu 및 Zn 흡수량은전반적으로노랑꽃창포 부들 갈대순이었다. 요약 수생식물은인공습지오ㆍ폐수처리장에서여재의입단형성을촉진시켜폐수의투수속도를증가시킬뿐만아니라악취를줄이고미관상혐오감을크게줄일수있으며, 수처리효율과밀접한관련이있다고보고하였다. 이에본연구는수

Growth Characteristic and Nutrient Uptake of Water Plants in Constructed Wetlands for Treating Livestock Wastewater 357 Fe absorbed in water plant (mg/plant).3.25.2.15.1.5 Mn absorbed in water plant (mg/plant).2.15.1.5 Cu absorbed in water plant (mg/plant).1.8.6.4.2 Zn absorbed in water plant (mg/plant).25.2.15.1.5 PHRCO: Phragmites communis TRINUS., IRIPS: Iris peseudoacorus L., TYHOR: Typha orientalis PRESEL. VF : Vertical Flow, HF: Horizontal Flow. Fig. 5. Uptake of Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn by water plants at months after transplanting of plant in livestock wastewater treatment plant ( : 1 month, : 3 month, : 5 month). 생식물여과조 -활성슬러지- 인공습지를하나의시스템으로시공한축산폐수처리장에서수생식물의생육특성및영양염류의흡수특성을조사하기위해 3차수직흐름조에는갈대, 4차수평흐름조에는노랑꽃창포및 5차수평흐름조에는갈대, 노랑꽃창포및부들을 21년 7월에이식하였으며, 축산폐수처리시일을 1, 3 및 5개월로구분하여각수생식물의생육특성과영양염류흡수특성조사하였다. 수생식물의생육특성은갈대, 노랑꽃창포및부들모두처리시일 3개월인 1월까지는수생식물의성장과동시에수생식물이무성하게퍼졌으며, 특히노랑꽃창포의경우타수생식물에비해생육이매우좋았다. 수생식물의생육 5개월후인 21년 12월의경우는겨울철식물의고사로인하여수생식물의생육이저조하였다. 수생식물의영양염류흡수특성은수생식물이식후 1개월까지점점증가하였으나증가폭이크지않았고, 수생식물이식후 3개월후인가을철에는수생식물의질소흡수량이최대가되었다. 그러나수생식물이식후 5개월후인겨울철에는수생식물의고사로인해수생식물의잎과줄기가고사하여영 양염류의흡수량이다시감소하였다. 또한수생식물종별영양영류의흡수특성은노랑꽃창포 부들 > 갈대순이었고, 특히노랑꽃창포가다른수생식물에비해영양염류의흡수량이매우높았다. 감사의글 This work was carried out with the support of Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ7358) Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. This work was also supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korea Government (Ministry of Education, Science and Technology), [NRF-21-359-F3, NRF-21-25548].

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