2
3 open innovation Henry Chesbrough 1) 2) Free/Open Source SoftwareFOSS 3) Richard Matthew Stallman Free Software Foundation FSF
4 transaction contract collaboration sharing 4) 5) openness innovation missionaries 6) cause 7) OpenPower Consortium power chip IBM
5 8) IBM operating system, OS Windows Microsoft Linux 9) IBM FOSS IBM SCO Santa Cruz Operation IBM FOSS FOSS
6 MIT Artificial Intelligence Lab OS 10) GNU GNU GNU GNU is Not Unix recursive acronym 11) 12) 13) bug 14)
7 proprietary software 15) zero cost 16) without obligation 17) Free Software Foundation, FSF free software free free 18) share study modify the user is free 19) Linux Kernel 20) Apache 21) FireFox 22) MySQL 23)
8 GPL GNU/Linux internet explorer Netscape IBM Sun Palo Alto Christine Peterson Open Source Eric Raymond Bruce Perens Open Source Initiative OSI 24) FOSS license 25) OSS 26) FOSS
9 General Public License GPL Lesser General Public License LGPL academic license Berkeley Software Distribution BSD Mozilla Public License MPL 27) FOSS OSI OSS 28) 29) Freshmeat Freshmeat GPL LGPL BSD 30) FOSS shareware freeware public domain 31)
10 32)
11 Philips Arnoud Engelfriet 33) FOSS 34) GPL Share-alike LGPL
12 MPL Keep-open BSD Apache Free-for-all 35) make-or-buy open FOSS IBM GPL IBM embedded commodity IBM GPL Baseline
13 FOSS Licensee FOSS FOSS FOSS 36) FOSS FOSS Licenser OSI FOSS 37) FOSS OSI OSS OSS aggregate software component OSS OSS short-term gains long-term gains
14 pre-processor 38) translator 39) OSS OSS patch file OSS OSS
15 OSS OSS OSS OSS
16 OSS OSS click-wrap FTP CD-ROM web mirroring 40) vendor lock-in 41)
17 FOSS GPL FOSS GPL 42) FOSS IT IDC 43) big data 44) OS 45) FOSS 46) 47)
18 48) IBM OS embedded SNS Computing-Tabulating- Recording Company CTR 49) International Business Machines IBM 50) IBM PC Louis Gerstner CEO 51) IBM
19 IBM 52) licensing-out IBM 53) IBM 54) Eclipse Apache IBM 55) IBM IBM
20 IBM 56) IBM 57) IBM ecosystem IBM not a percent proprietary software company anymore IBM 58) IBM Developer Works 59) Alpha Works 60) IBM
21 AT&T Bell Laboratories AT&T AT&T Novell SCO 61) 62) SCO v. IBM SCO SCO 63) Groklaw weblog 64) 65) SCO Utah Salt Lake 66)
22 IBM trade secret 67) SCO SCO second amended complaint 68) SCO IBM AT&T UNIX System V SOFT IBM AT&T SUB A UNIX System V object code Sequent Computer Systems, Inc AT&T SOFT AT&T SUB A SCO IBM unfair competition Novell SCO Asset Purchase Agreement
23 IBM SCO counterclaim 69) SCO GPL SCO IBM IBM AIX IBM IBM the second amended counterclaim 70) IBM IBM UNIX System V SOFTSUB A SOFT SUB A SCO IBM SCO IBM AIX Dynix Lanham Act SCO bad faith IBM AIX Dynix unfair competition SCO IBM AIX Dynix SCO IBM IBM SCO GPL GPL GPL SCO IBM SCO promissory estoppel 71)
24 IBM SCO GPL IBM SCO SCO IBM SCO declaratory judgment SCO IBM SCO FOSS IBM OS 72) SCO IBM SCO Bankruptcy Code SCO IBM SCO IBM David O. Nuffer SCO IBM SCO 73)
25 IBM SCO Novell SCO OS slander of title 74) SCO Asset Purchase Agreement SCO SCO UNIX UnixWare OS bad faith UNIX UnixWare SCO SCO UNIX UnixWare SCO 75) The US District Court for the District of Utah IBM waiver The US Court of
26 Appeals for the Tenth Circuit 76) IBM SCO IBM SCO IBM IBM SCO IBM SCO IBM IBM FOSS IBM IBM IBM SCO SCO
27 SCO IBM SCO IBM 77) IBM SCO IBM IBM peer pressure 78) SCO IBM FOSS FOSS FOSS FOSS IBM FOSS FOSS FOSS
28 SCO v. IBM FOSS IBM FOSS SCO make-buy-open IBM
29 IBM SCO FOSS IT
30 Chesbrough, Henry William, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from Technology, Harvard Business Press, 2003. Engelfriet, Arnoud, The Best of Both Worlds, Intellectual Asset Management, Aug/Sep(2006). Fontana, Richard E., Open Source License Enforcement and Compliance, Patents, Copyrights, Trademarks, and Literary Property, Course Handbook Series, PLI/Pat, No.989(2009), Practising Law Institute.
31 Frazer, Brad, Open Source Is Not Public Domain: Evolving Licensing Philosophies, Idaho Law Review, Vol.45(2009). Gomulkiewicz, Robert W., Open Source License Proliferation: Helpful Diversity Or Hopeless Confusion?, Washington University Journal of Law and Policy, Vol.30(2009). Ilardi, Terry J., Open Source Software, Patents, Copyrights, Trademarks, and Literary Property, Course Handbook Series, PLI/Pat, No.911(2007), Practising Law Institute. Potenza, Joseph M., and Steve Chang, the SCO Group, Linux, and Life after SCO s Setback against Novell, Intellectual Property & Technology Law Journal, Vol.20 No.1(2008). Rosen, Lawrence, Open Source and Free Software 2009: Where We've Been and Where We re Going, Patents, Copyrights, Trademarks, and Literary Property Course, Handbook Series, PLI/Pat, No.989(2009), Practising Law Institute. Stern, Alan and A. Clifford Allen, Open Source Licensing, Patents, Copyrights, Trademarks, and Literary Property Course, Handbook Series, PLI/Pat, No.985(2009), Practising Law Institute. Taylor III, Alexander L., The Wizard inside the Machine, TIME, April 16, 1984.
32 The Journal of Intellectual Property Vol.8 No.4 December 2013 Legal Implications of Open Innovation Strategy - With Focus on SCO v. IBM Litigation- Park, Sung-Pil & Kim, Yong-kil Abstract Open Innovation is an industry buzzword today. It is becoming a prerequisite for a firm s survival and growth, especially in the IT industry. Free/Open Source Software ( FOSS ) movement is different from Open Innovation in terms of its origin and philosophical foundation. But it also should be noted that more and more companies embedded with the Open Innovation concept are now actively utilizing FOSS to make the most of their product value. Furthermore, Henry Chesbrough s Open Innovation model itself contains an element that requires participation of FOSS developers and labels them as innovation missionaries. The FOSS community is also experiencing limitless collaboration opportunities with commercial software developers and increase in relevant licensing guidelines. IBM, as a leading hardware and software company in the global market, is located at the harmonization point where the Open Innovation strategy and the FOSS movement can be merged. We examined IBM s Open Innovation strategy and SCO s legal battle against this company, so that we can obtain practical implications on how to analyze complex legal issues arising out of such disputes and obtain valuable lessons for entrepreneurs and legal experts working for technology driven IT enterprises. The litigation between SCO and IBM, which is still pending before the Utah federal court, challenges us to design appropriate strategy options for innovation leaders that can
Korea Institute of Intellectual Property Korean Intellectual Society 33 potentially be involved in IP litigations which are becoming more and more complicated in case software products would become key components of the dispute. This paper tried to review and explain factual background, procedural history, courts analyses on FOSS issues, litigation strategies, and IP portfolio management practices found in the course of this litigation. Keywords open innovation, free/open source software, SCO v. IBM, IP portfolio, Linux, intellectual property