High School Level Glossary Algebra & Trigonometry Glossary / Translation of Algebra & Trigonometry terms based on the Coursework for Algebra & Trigonometry Grades 9 to 12. Word-for-word glossaries are used for testing accommodations for ELL/LEP students Last Updated: 08/10/09 THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234
THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234 Education - P-16 Office of Elementary, Middle, Secondary, and Continuing Education and Office of Higher Education Office of Bilingual Education and Foreign Language Studies http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/biling/ THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK Regents of the University MERRYL H. TISCH, Chancellor, B.A., M.A., Ed.D.... New York MILTON L. COFIELD, Vice Chancellor, B.S., M.B.A., Ph.D.... Rochester ROBERT M. BENNETT, Chancellor Emeritus, B.A., M.S.... Tonawanda SAUL B. COHEN, B.A., M.A., Ph.D... New Rochelle JAMES C. DAWSON, A.A., B.A., M.S., Ph.D.... Plattsburgh ANTHONY S. BOTTAR, B.A., J.D.... Syracuse GERALDINE D. CHAPEY, B.A., M.A., Ed.D.... Belle Harbor HARRY PHILLIPS, 3rd, B.A., M.S.F.S.... Hartsdale JOSEPH E. BOWMAN, JR., B.A., M.L.S., M.A., M.Ed., Ed.D... Albany JAMES R. TALLON, JR., B.A., M.A.... Binghamton ROGER TILLES, B.A., J.D.... Great Neck KAREN BROOKS HOPKINS, B.A., M.F.A... Brooklyn CHARLES R. BENDIT, B.A.... Manhattan BETTY A. ROSA, B.A., M.S. in Ed., M.S. in Ed., M.Ed., Ed.D... Bronx LESTER W. YOUNG, JR., B.S., M.S., Ed. D.... Oakland Gardens CHRISTINE D. CEA, B.A., M.A., Ph.D.... Staten Island WADE S. NORWOOD, B.A.... Rochester Interim President of the University and Commissioner of Education CAROLE F. HUXLEY Senior Deputy Commissioner of Education, P 16 JOHANNA DUNCAN-POITIER Associate Commissioner for Curriculum and Instructional Support JEAN STEVENS Coordinator, Office of Bilingual Education and Foreign language Studies PEDRO J. RUIZ Acknowledgements: The New York State Education Department Glossaries for Language Learners were reviewed and updated during the 2008-2009 school year. We would like to thank in these efforts the New York State Education Department Language BETACs (Spanish, Asian and Haitian Bilingual Education Technical Assistance Centers), the NYS Office of Curriculum, Instruction and Instructional Technology; the New York City Department of Education Office of Language Learners, and the NYC Department of Education Translation and Interpretation Unit. The State Education Department does not discriminate on the basis of age, color, religion, creed, disability, marital status, veteran status, national origin, race, gender, genetic predisposition or carrier status, or sexual orientation in its educational programs, services and activities. Portions of this publication can be made available in a variety of formats, including brailed, large print or audio tape, upon request. Inquiries concerning this policy of nondiscrimination should be directed to the Department s Office for Diversity, Ethics, and Access, Room 530, Education Building, Albany, NY 12234.
Problem Solving algebraically alternate approach 대안 collaborate conjecture 추측 ( 하다 ) constraint critique 비평, 비판 대수적으로 협력하다, 공동연구하다 제한, 구속, 압박 equivalent 동일한 ( 것 ), 대등한 ( 것 ) 평가하다 문제해결 evaluate explain 설명하다 formulate 공식화하다, 공식으로나타내다 generalization 일반화, 귀납 graphically 사실적으로, 그래프로 interpret 해석하다, 설명하다, 통역하다 multiple representations 배수표현 numerically 수리적으로, 숫자로 observe 관찰하다, 비평하다 parameter 매개변수, 모수, 도움변수 strategy 전략 verbally 구어로, 말로 Reasoning and Proof 추론및증명 argument 토론, 편각, 변수 axiom 공리, 원칙 conclusion 결론 conjecture 추측 ( 하다 ) counterexample 반례, 반증 discover 발견하다, 깨닫다 exact answer 정확한답변 explain 설명하다 explore 조사하다, 탐사하다 general case 일반적경우 inductive reasoning 귀납적추론 informal indirect proof 비공식적인간접적증거 investigate 조사하다, 연구하다 justify 정당화하다, 해명하다 refute 반박하다 specific result 특정결과 theorem 정리 Communication 의사교환 accuracy 정밀도 appropriate 적절한 challenge 도전, 난제 chart 표, 차트 coherent 응집성의, 연접의, 일관성있는 T-7686 () 1
comprehension 이해 ( 력 ) conjecture 추측 ( 하다 ) decoding 암호해독 ( 하기 ), 해석 ( 하기 ) 다이어그램, 도표 diagram equation 방정식 formula 공식, 식 function 함수, 기능, 작용 graph 표, 그래프 interpretation 해석, 통역 logical argument 논리적인토론 mathematical representation 수리적표현 numerical tables 숫자로된표 organize 구성하다, 조직하다 outline 개요, 외형, 외각선 rationale 이론적근거 reflect 반영하다 standard notation 표준기호 strategy 전략 symbol 상징, 기호 technical writing 기술적인작문 terminology 용어 validity 타당성 verbal explanation 말로하는해명, 설명 written explanation 문자로된해명설명 Connections 연결, 관계, 결합 concept 개념 conclusion 결론 formulate 공식화하다 multiple representation 배수표현 physical model 물리적표준 procedure 절차, 순서 quantitative model 수량적표준 representation 표현, 대표, 진술 Representation 표현, 대표, 진술 algebraic representation 대수적표현 apply 적용하다, 계산하다 chart 표, 차트 communicate 의사교환 ( 하다 ) compare 비교하다 concept 개념 diagram 다이어그램 equation 방정식 explore 연구하다, 탐험하다 graph 표, 그래프 T-7686 () 2
graphical representation 표, 그림등으로보여주는것 investigate 조사하다, 연구하다 mathematical phenomena 수리적현상 multiple representations 배수표현 organize 구성하다, 조직하다 physical object 물체 physical phenomena 물리적현상 recognize 인식하다, 인지하다 record 표시하다 social phenomena 사회적현상 symbol 상징, 기호 table 표, 테이블 technology 테크놀로지, 기술 translate Number Sense and Operations 숫자개념및연산 a+bi form a+bi 식 ( 복소수 ) absolute value 절대값 complex fraction 번분수 complex number 복소수 conjugate 켤례의, 결합 direct variation 정비례 e e ( 초월수 ) fractional exponent 분수의지수 i i ( 허수 ) 허수 imaginary number index of a radical inverse variation irrational number negative exponent nth root operation pi powers of i principal square root procedure radical radical form radicand rational number rationalize a denominator real number scientific notation sigma sigma notation 해석하다, 번역하다, 도형을이동시키다 거듭제곱의지수반비례무리수음지수 n의제곱근연산파이 i의거듭제곱주제곱근절차, 순서근호무리식피제곱근수유리수분모를유리화하다실수유효숫자표기법시그마시그마표기 T-7686 () 3
Algebra 대수 abscissa 가로좌표 absolute value 절대값 absolute value equation 절대값방정식 absolute value function 절대값함수 absolute value inequality 절대값부등식 adjacent angles 이웃각 adjacent sides 이웃변 algebraic expression 대수식 algebraic representation 대수적표현 ambiguous case 불명확한, 모호한경우 amplitude 진폭 analyze 분석하다 angle 각 angle in standard position 표준위치의각 ( 꼭지점이원점, 시작변이 x축인각 ) angle of depression 내려본각 angle of elevation 올려본각 antilogarithm 진수 approximate value 근사값 arc length 호의길이 arccosine 아크코사인 arcsine 아크사인 arctangent 아크탄젠트 area of a parallelogram using SAS area of a triangle using SAS arithmetic sequence arithmetic series asymptote base base of a logarithmic function base of an exponential function binomial expansion binomial theorem center-radius equation of a circle central angle circle circular functions coefficient cofunctions common base(s) common difference common factor common logarithm common ratio SAS( 삼각형의합동조건 ) 를사용한평행사변형의면적 SAS( 삼각형의합동조건 ) 를사용한삼각형의면적등차수열등차급수점근선밑, 변, 기본로그방정식의기본지수함수의기본이항전개이항정리원의중심과반지름을사용한원의방정식중심각원원함수계수여함수공통변공차공통인수상용로그공비 T-7686 () 4
completing the square complex fractional expressions composition of functions compound interest constant function cosecant cosine cotangent coterminal angles degree of a polynomial difference of two perfect squares direct variation discriminant domain double and half angle formulas for trigonometric functions double root Algebra 2 and Trigonometry 제곱식만들기 번분수의식 합성함수 복리 상수함수 코시컨트 코사인 코탄젠트 양변공유각 당항식의차수 2 개의완전제곱의차이점 정비례 판별식 영역 제곱근 e e ( 초월수 ) equation 등식, 방정식 equivalent forms 동등식 exact value 정확한값 expand a binomial 확대이항 explicit definition 확실한정의 exponential form 지수식 exponential function 지수함수 extraneous root 무연근 factor 인수 분수의지수 삼각함수의반각, 배각의공식 fractional exponent frequency (of a periodic function) 빈도 ( 주기함수의 ) function 함수, 기능, 작용 function notation 함수표기법 geometric sequence 등비수열 geometric series 등비급수 graphical solution of equations greatest common factor (GCF) 최대공약수 growth factor 증가인수 half-life 반감기 방정식의표를이용한해결 수평선테스트 ( 수평선이함수의그래프를한차례 horizontal-line test 이상통과하면일대일함수가아니다 ) i i ( 허수 ) identities 항등식들 initial side of an angle 각의시선 inverse function 역함수 inverse trigonometric functions 역삼각함수역비례 inverse variation T-7686 () 5
Law of Cosines 코사인의법칙 Law of Sines 사인의법칙 laws of exponents 지수법칙 laws of logarithms 로그의법칙 linear equation 일차방정식 linear expression 일차식 linear system 일차연립방정식 logarithm 로그 logarithmic form 로그식 lowest terms 가장낮은항 nature of the roots 근의성질 negative exponent 음지수 nth root n의제곱근 nth term n의항 one cycle of a trigonometric function 삼각함수의한주기 one-to-one function 일대일함수 onto ~ 쪽으로 opposite side in a right triangle 직각삼각형의빗변 ordinate 세로좌표 parabola 포물선 parameter 매개변수, 모수, 도움변수 period (of a function) 주기 ( 함수의 ) periodic function 주기함수 phase shift 위상이동 polynomial expression 다항식 polynomial function 다항함수 powers of i i의거듭제곱 Pythagorean identities 피타고라스의항등식 quadrantal angle 사분각 quadratic equation 이차방정식 quadratic formula 이차방정식의근의공식 quadratic inequality 이차부등식 quadratic trinomial 이차삼항 radian 라디안 radical equation 무리방정식 radical expression 무리식 radius 반지름 range (of a function) 범위 ( 함수의 ) rational coefficient 유리계수 rational equation 유리방정식 rational expression 유리식 rational inequality 유리부등식 rationalize denominators 유리분모 reciprocal trigonometric functions 역삼각함수 T-7686 () 6
recursive definition 귀납적정의 reference angle 기본각 relation 관계 replacement set 치환집합 represent restricted domain 제한영역 resultant 결과 right triangle trigonometry root of an equation 근의방정식 secant (of an angle) 할선 ( 각의 ) sigma notation 시그 sine 사인 solution set 해집합 standard position (of an angle) 표준지표 ( 각의 ) subset 부분집합 sum and product of roots of a quadratic equation sum of a geometric series 등비급수의합 sum of an arithmetic series 등차급수의합 sum or difference formulas for trigonometric functions system of equations/inequalities tangent (of an angle) 탄젠트 ( 각의 ) technology terminal side of an angle 각의끝변 transformation 변환 transformations of functions and relations trigonometric equation 삼각방정식 trigonometric functions 삼각함수 unit circle 단위원 variable 변수 vector 벡터 vertical line test zero of a function zero product property Geometry absolute value absolute value equation absolute value inequality angle in standard position angle of depression angle of elevation 나타내다, 대표하다 직각삼각형삼각술 이차방정식의근의합및곱 삼각함수의합계또는차이계산공식 연립방정식 / 부등식 테크놀로지, 기술 함수및관계의변환 수직선테스트 ( 수직선이그래프의한점만 통과하면그관계는함수이다 ) 함수의영값, 함수를 0으로만드는값영곱셈법칙 절대값절대값방정식절대값부등식각의표준지표내려본각, 음각올려본각, 양각 기하학 T-7686 () 7
area of a parallelogram using SAS area of a triangle using SAS circle coefficient function generalize geometric representation of the circular function graph of a relation graphical representation graphical solution of equations investigate ordered pair parabola rational coefficient rectangular coordinates relation root of an equation sector of a circle slope triangle vertex visualization Measurement arc length 호의길이 degree measure 각계산 measure of central angle minute 분 radian measure Statistics and Probability at least 최소한 at most 쵀대한 Bernouli experiments biased sample 편향표본 bimodal binomial probability formula bivariate data central tendency combination 조합 compound event 복합사건 conjecture 추측 ( 하다 ) controlled experiment correlation coefficient 상관계수 Counting Principle 계산법칙 SAS( 삼각형의합동조건 ) 를사용한평행사변형의면적 SAS( 삼각형의합동조건 ) 를사용한삼각형의면적원계수함수일반화하다원함수의기하학적표현관계의표표로표현표를이용한방정식의해결조사하다, 연구하다순성쌍포물선유리계수직교좌표관계방정식의근원의부채꼴기울기삼각형꼭지점시각화 중심각측정 라디안계산 베르누이실험 측량, 계산통계및확률 쌍봉의, 두개의최빈치가있는이항확률식 2 변량데이터 중심경향성 통제된실험 T-7686 () 8
exactly 정확하게 experimental probability 경험적확률 extrapolate frequency (of a data set) 빈도 ( 데이터합의 ) frequency distribution 도수분포 grouped frequency distributions 도수분포군 index in statistics 통계지수 interpolate interquartile range 사분위범위 least squares regression line 최소제곱회귀선 line of best fit 최량적합선 linear regression 선형회귀, 직선회귀 mean 평균 measure of central tendency 중심경향성측량 measures of dispersion 분산측량 median 중간값 mode 최빈수, 최빈치 normal curve 정규분포곡선 normal distribution 정규분포 observation 관찰, 비평, 논평 outlier Pascal's Triangle 파스칼의삼각형 percentile 백분위 permutation 순열 probability 확률 quartiles 사분위수 random sample 임의표본 range (of a data set) 범위 ( 데이터합의 ) regression equation 회기방정식 regression model 회기표본 sample space 표본공간 scatter plot 산포도표 ( 점그래프 ) standard deviation (population) 표준편차 ( 집단 ) standard deviation (sample) 표준편차 ( 표본 ) statistics 통계 survey 설문조사 technology 테크놀로지, 기술 theoretical probability 이론적확률 univariate data 일도량의데이터 variance (population) 분산 ( 집단 ) variance (sample) 분산 ( 표본 ) 추정하다, 보외법으로산정하다 ( 중간항을 ) 급수에삽입하다 중심 (trend) 에서크게벗어나분포한것 T-7686 () 9