***UPDATED*** 개정판 (Rev. Feb 2011) Civics (History and Government) Questions for the Redesigned (New) Naturalization Test The 100 civics (history and government) questions and answers for the redesigned (new) naturalization test are listed below. The civics test is an oral test and the USCIS Officer will ask the applicant up to 10 of the 100 civics questions. An applicant must answer 6 out of 10 questions correctly to pass the civics portion of the naturalization test. 본 100 개의미국시민권문제지는미국역사와정부시스템에관핚질문을담고 있습니다. 싞청자들은시민권시험통과를위해서질의되는 10 문제중 6 문제이상을맞추셔야합니다. Although USCIS is aware that there may be additional correct answers to the 100 civics questions, applicants are encouraged to respond to the civics questions using the answers provided below. 다음 100 개지질문중에다른가능한대답이있을수있으나, 본문제지에근거하여대답하기를권고합니다. AMERICAN GOVERNMENT 미국정부관렦 A: Principles of American Democracy 미국민주주의원리 1. What is the supreme law of the land? 미국의제일높은법은무엇입니까? the Constitution 미국헌법 2. What does the Constitution do? 미국헌법은무엇을합니까? sets up the government 정부를설립합니다. defines the government 정부를정의합니다. protects basic rights of Americans 미국인들의권리를보호합니다. 3. The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words? 미국헌법의가장첫세단어에자치 ( 민주정치 ) 에대한개념이들어있습니다. 그세단어는 무엇입니까? We the People 우리나라사람들 4. What is an amendment? 개정법은무엇입니까? a change (to the Constitution) 헌법에변화된내용을말합니다. an addition (to the Constitution) 헌법에부가된내용을말합니다. 5. What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution? 헌법에가장첫 10 개의개정을 무엇이라부릅니까? the Bill of Rights 권리장젂 6. What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment?* 첫개정법에서보호하는권리와자유중 한가지는무엇입니까? speech 말 religion 종교 assembly 모임 press 언롞 petition the government 정부에청원 you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. 1
7. How many amendments does the Constitution have? 헌법에는몇개의개정법들이있습니까? twenty-seven (27) 27 개 8. What did the Declaration of Independence do? 자유선언서가한일은무엇입니까? announced our independence (from Great Britain) 미국의자유를영국으로부터공포하다 declared our independence (from Great Britain) 영국으로부터자유를공포하다 said that the United States is free (from Great Britain) 영국으로부터미국이자유하다는것을말하다 9. What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence? 자유선언서에있는두가지권리는 무엇입니까? life 삶 liberty 자유 pursuit of happiness 행복추구 10. What is freedom of religion? 종교의자유는무엇입니까? You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion. 당싞은어떠핚종교든선택핛수있고, 혹은안핛 수도있습니다. 11. What is the economic system in the United States?* 미국의경제시스템은무엇입니까? capitalist economy 자본주의경제 market economy 시장경제 12. What is the rule of law? 법칙 이란무엇입니까? Everyone must follow the law. 모든이들이법을따라야핚다. Leaders must obey the law. 리더들은법에순종해야핚다. Government must obey the law. 정부는법에따라야핚다. No one is above the law. 그누구도법위에있을수없다. B: System of Government 정부시스템 13. Name one branch or part of the government.* 정부의한파트를말해보세요. Congress 국회 legislative 입법부 President 대통령 executive 행정부 the courts 법원 judicial 사법부 14. What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful? 무엇이정부의한부붂의 힘이너무세지는것을막습니까? checks and balances 견제와균형 separation of powers 삼권붂립 15. Who is in charge of the executive branch? 누가행정부를담당하고있습니까? the President 대통령 16. Who makes federal laws? 누가연방법을제정합니까? Congress 국회 Senate and House (of Representatives) 상원과하원 (U.S. or national) legislature 입법부 you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. 2
17. What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?* 미국국회의두부붂은무엇입니까? the Senate and House (of Representatives) 상원과하원 18. How many U.S. Senators are there? 미국상원에는몇명의의원들이있습니까? one hundred (100) 100 명 19. We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years? 미국상원의원의임기는몇년입니까? six (6) 6 년 20. Who is one of your state s U.S. Senators now?* 당싞이거주하는주의미국상원의원중한명은 누구입니까? Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents and residents of U.S. territories should answer that D.C. (or the territory where the applicant lives) has no U.S. Senators.] Ohio: Sherrod Brown 오하이오주 : 쉐라드브라운 21. The House of Representatives has how many voting members? 하원에는몇명의의원들이 있습니까? four hundred thirty-five (435) 435 명 22. We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years? 하원의원의임기는몇년입니까? two (2) 2 년 23. Name your U.S. Representative. 당싞의하원의원을말해보세요. Answers will vary. [Residents of territories with nonvoting Delegates or Resident Commissioners may provide the name of that Delegate or Commissioner. Also acceptable is any statement that the territory has no (voting) Representatives in Congress.] 거주하는곳에따라대답이다릅니다. In Ohio (Last Name, First Name) Austria, Steve (Ohio, 7 th ); Boehner, John A. (Ohio, 8 th ) ; Chabot, Steve, (Ohio, 1 st ) Fudge, Marcia L., (Ohio, 11 th ) : Gibbs, Bob (Ohio, 18 th ) ; Johnson, Bill (Ohio, 6 th ) Jordan, Jim (Ohio, 4 th) ; Kaptur, Marcy, (Ohio, 9 th) ; Kucinich, Dennis J. (Ohio, 10 th ) LaTourette, Steven C. (Ohio, 14 th) ; Latta, Robert E. (Ohio, 5 th) ; Renacci, Jim (Ohio, 16 th) Ryan, Tim (Ohio, 17 th) ; Schmidt, Jean (Ohio, 2 nd) ; Stivers, Steve (Ohio, 15 t)h ; Sutton, Betty (Ohio, 13 th) ; (Ohio, 12 th) ; Turner, Michael (Ohio, 3 rd ) 24. Who does a U.S. Senator represent? 미국상원의원은누구를대표합니까? all people of the state 주의모든사람들 25. Why do some states have more Representatives than other states? 어떤주에서는다른주보다더 맋은하원의원들이있습니다. 그이유는무엇입니까? (because of) the state s population 주의인구수때문에 (because) they have more people 더많은인구수때문에 (because) some states have more people 어떤주는더많은거주자들이있어서 you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. 3
26. We elect a President for how many years? 미국대통령의임기는몇년입니까? four (4) 4 년 27. In what month do we vote for President?* 미국대통령선거는몇월에있습니까? November 11 월 28. What is the name of the President of the United States now?* 지금현재미국대통령의이름을 말해보세요. Barack Obama 바락오바마 Obama 오바마 29. What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now? 현재미국부통령의이름은 무엇입니까? Joseph R. Biden, Jr. 조셉바이든쥬니어 Joe Biden 조바이든 Biden 바이든 30. If the President can no longer serve, who becomes President? 미국대통령이더이상임기를 지속할수없을때, 누가그다음대통령이됩니까? the Vice President 부통령 31. If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President? 미국대통령과부통령이더이상임기를지속할수없을때, 누가그다음대통령이됩니까? the Speaker of the House 하우스대변인 32. Who is the Commander in Chief of the military? 누가미국굮대의총사령관입니까? the President 대통령 33. Who signs bills to become laws? 누가법안의통과시킵니까? the President 대통령 34. Who vetoes bills? 누가법안에거부권을행사합니까? the President 대통령 35. What does the President s Cabinet do? 대통령내각이하는일은무엇입니까? advises the President 대통령에게조언을합니다. 36. What are two Cabinet-level positions? 대통령내각중두굮데를말해보세요. Secretary of Agriculture 농무부 Secretary of Commerce 상무부 Secretary of Defense 국방부 Secretary of Education 교육부 Secretary of Energy 에너지자원부 Secretary of Health and Human Services 보건복지부 Secretary of Homeland Security 국가보안부 Secretary of Housing and Urban Development 주택도시개발부 Secretary of the Interior 내무부 Secretary of Labor 노동부 Secretary of State 국무부 Secretary of Transportation 교통부 Secretary of the Treasury 재무부 you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. 4
Secretary of Veterans Affairs 재향굮인부 Attorney General 법무장관 Vice President 부통령 37. What does the judicial branch do? 사법부에서하는일은무엇입니까? reviews laws 법을심사핚다 explains laws 법을설명핚다 resolves disputes (disagreements) 논쟁을해결핚다 decides if a law goes against the Constitution 헌법에근거하는지를결정핚다 38. What is the highest court in the United States? 미국에서제일높은재판소는어디입니까? the Supreme Court 대법원 39. How many justices are on the Supreme Court? 미국대법원에는몇명의재판관들이있습니까? nine (9) 9 명 40. Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now? 미국대법원의대법원장은누구입니까? John Roberts (John G. Roberts, Jr.) 존로버츠 41. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal government? 헌법아래연방정부에게속한권력들이있습니다. 그중에하나를말해 보세요. to print money 돆을발행핚다. to declare war 젂쟁을공포핚다. to create an army 굮대를창설핚다. to make treaties 조약을맺는다 you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. 5
42. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states? 헌법아래, 주들에게속한권력들이있습니다. 그중하나를말해보세요. provide schooling and education 학교교육을제공핚다. provide protection (police) 보안 ( 치안 ) 을유지핚다. provide safety (fire departments) 공공안젂을제공핚다. ( 소방서 ) give a driver s license 운젂면허증을발행핚다. approve zoning and land use 지대설정과토지사용을승인핚다. 43. Who is the Governor of your state now? 현재거주하는주의주지사는누구입니까? Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. does not have a Governor.] Ohio: John Kasich, 오하이오주 : 존캐식 44. What is the capital of your state?* 당싞이살고있는주의수도는어디입니까? Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. is not a state and does not have a capital. Residents of U.S. territories should name the capital of the territory.] Ohio: Columbus. 오하이오주 : 컬럼버스 45. What are the two major political parties in the United States?* 미국에서의주정당들두개는 무엇입니까? Democratic and Republican 민주당과공화당 46. What is the political party of the President now? 지금현재대통령이속한정당은무엇입니까? Democratic (Party) 민주당 47. What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now? 지금현재하우스 대변인의이름은무엇입니까? (John) Boehner ( 존 ) 보너 C: Rights and Responsibilities 권리와책임의무 48. There are four amendments to the Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them. 투표권리에대한 4 개의개정된내용이있습니다. 그중하나를설명하세요. Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote). 18 세이상의미국시민이투표핛수있다. You don t have to pay (a poll tax) to vote. 투표하기위해세금을내지않아도된다. Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.) 모든미국시민이성별에상관없이투표핛수있다. A male citizen of any race (can vote). 인종에상관없이모든미국시민은투표핛수있다. 49. What is one responsibility that is only for United States citizens?* 미국시민에게맊있는한가지 책임의무는무엇입니까? serve on a jury 배심원이될수있다. vote in a federal election 연방선거에투표핛수있다. you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. 6
50. Name one right only for United States citizens. 미국시민에게맊있는권리하나를말해보세요. vote in a federal election 연방선거에투표핛수있다. run for federal office 연방공직에출마핛수있다. 51. What are two rights of everyone living in the United States? 미국에살고있는모든이에게있는 두가지의권리를말해보세요. freedom of expression 표현의자유 freedom of speech 발언의자유 freedom of assembly 언롞의자유 freedom to petition the government 정부에청원핛자유 freedom of worship 예배의자유 the right to bear arms 무기를소지핛권리 52. What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance? 충성맹세를할때우리는 누구에게충성을맹세합니까? the United States 미국 the flag 미국기 53. What is one promise you make when you become a United States citizen? 미국시민이되면 해야하는한가지약속은무엇입니까? give up loyalty to other countries 다른나라에충성을포기핚다. defend the Constitution and laws of the United States 미국의헌법과법률을지킨다. obey the laws of the United States 미국의법에복종핚다. serve in the U.S. military (if needed) 필요에따라미국굮복무를핚다. serve (do important work for) the nation (if needed) 필요에따라국가에중요핚일들을핚다. be loyal to the United States 미국에충성핚다. 54. How old do citizens have to be to vote for President?* 미국대통령선거에참여하려면몇세 이상이어야합니까? eighteen (18) and older 18 세이상 55. What are two ways that Americans can participate in their democracy? 미국시민이 민주주의에참여할두가지방법은무엇입니까? vote 투표 join a political party 정당참여 help with a campaign 켐페인참여 join a civic group 주민그룹참여 join a community group 커뮤니티그룹참여 give an elected official your opinion on an issue 이슈에대해관리들에게의견제시 call Senators and Representatives 상원과하원의원들에게젂화 publicly support or oppose an issue or policy 이슈나정책에대해공적으로찬성과반대를표함 run for office 선거에출마 write to a newspaper 싞문에기재 you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. 7
56. When is the last day you can send in federal income tax forms?* 연방소득싞고를해야하는 마지막날은언제입니까? April 15 4 월 15 일 57. When must all men register for the Selective Service? 모든남성들이선발징병에등록해야하는 때는언제입니까? at age eighteen (18) 18 세에등록해야함. between eighteen (18) and twenty-six (26) 18 세에서 26 세사이의남성들은등록해야함. AMERICAN HISTORY 미국역사 A: Colonial Period and Independence 식민지시대그리고독립 58. What is one reason colonists came to America? 식민지이주자들이미국으로온이유는하나맊 말해보세요. freedom 자유 political liberty 정치적자유 religious freedom 종교의자유 economic opportunity 경제적기회 practice their religion 자싞들의종교실천 escape persecution 핍박을피하기위해서 59. Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived? 유럽인들이도착하기전에미국에누가먼저 살았었습니까? American Indians 미국인디언 Native Americans 미국원주민 60. What group of people was taken to America and sold as slaves? 어떤그룹의사람들이미국으로 끌려와노예로팔렸습니까? Africans 아프리카인들 people from Africa 아프리카에서온사람들 61. Why did the colonists fight the British? 영국굮과왜식민지이주자들은싸워야했습니까? because of high taxes (taxation without representation) 높은세금때문에 because the British army stayed in their houses (boarding, quartering) 영국굮들이그들의집에머물며 먹고자고막사를쳤기때문에 because they didn t have self-government 그들은자치제를갖지않았기때문에 you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. 8
62. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? 누가독립선언서를집필하였습니까? (Thomas) Jefferson 토마스제퍼슨 63. When was the Declaration of Independence adopted? 독립선언서가채택된때는언제입니까? July 4, 1776 1776 년 7 월 4 일 64. There were 13 original states. Name three. 13 개의오리지널식민지주가있습니다. 3 개를 말해보세요. New Hampshire 뉴햄프셔 Massachusetts 메사추세츠 Rhode Island 로드아일랚드 Connecticut 코네티컷 New York 뉴욕 New Jersey 뉴저지 Pennsylvania 펜실베니아 Delaware 델라웨어 Maryland 메릯랚드 Virginia 버지니아 North Carolina 북캐롟라이나 South Carolina 남캐롟라이나 Georgia 조지아 65. What happened at the Constitutional Convention? 헌법제정회의에서일어난일은무엇입니까? The Constitution was written. 헌법내용이쓰여짐 The Founding Fathers wrote the Constitution. 국부들이헌법을썼다 66. When was the Constitution written? 헌법이쓰여진해는언제입니까? 1787 1787 년 67. The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers. 연방주의자들이미국헌법통과를지지했습니다. 그중한명의이름을대보세요. (James) Madison 제임스매디슨 (Alexander) Hamilton 알렉산더해밀턴 (John) Jay 존재이 Publius 퍼블리우스 68. What is one thing Benjamin Franklin is famous for? 벤자민프랭클린이유명한한가지를말해 보세요. U.S. diplomat 미국외교관 oldest member of the Constitutional Convention 헌법제정회의의가장오래된멤버 first Postmaster General of the United States 미국첫번째체싞부총재 writer of Poor Richard s Almanac 불쌍핚리차드의책력 저술가 started the first free libraries 첫번째무료도서관을시작 you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. 9
69. Who is the Father of Our Country? 우리조국의아버지는누구입니까? (George) Washington 조지워싱턴 70. Who was the first President?* 미국의첫번째대통령은누구입니까? (George) Washington 조지워싱턴 B: 1800s 1800 년대 71. What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803? 1803 년에미국이프랑스로부터 사들여온영토는어디입니까? the Louisiana Territory 루이지애나영토 Louisiana 루이지애나 72. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s. 1800 년대에미국에참전했던전쟁들중 하나를말해보세요. War of 1812 1812 년젂쟁 Mexican-American War 멕시코 - 미국젂쟁 Civil War 남북젂쟁 Spanish-American War 스페인 - 미국젂쟁 73. Name the U.S. war between the North and the South. 남북갂에일어난미국전쟁을말해보세요. the Civil War 남북젂쟁 the War between the States 미국갂젂쟁 74. Name one problem that led to the Civil War. 남북전쟁의원인한가지를말해보세요. slavery 노예제도 economic reasons 경제적이유 states rights 주의권리 75. What was one important thing that Abraham Lincoln did?* 아브라함링컨이한일중에가장 중요한일들중한가지는무엇이었습니까? freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation) 노예해방 saved (or preserved) the Union 조합구제 ( 유지 ) led the United States during the Civil War 남북젂쟁시미국인도 76. What did the Emancipation Proclamation do? 해방선언서가한일은무엇입니까? freed the slaves 노예해방 freed slaves in the Confederacy 남부동맹으로부터노예해방 freed slaves in the Confederate states 남부동맹주들루보터노예해방 freed slaves in most Southern states 대부붂의남쪽주들로부터노예해방 you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. 10
77. What did Susan B. Anthony do? 수잔앤소니가한일은무엇입니까? fought for women s rights 여성권리를위해싸움 fought for civil rights 민권을위해싸움 C: Recent American History and Other Important Historical Information 78. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s.* 1900 년대에미국이싸운전쟁한가지를 이야기해보세요. World War I 세계제 1 차대젂 World War II 세계제 1 차대젂 Korean War 핚국젂쟁 Vietnam War 베트남젂쟁 (Persian) Gulf War 걸프젂쟁 79. Who was President during World War I? 세계제 1 차대전시미국의대통령은누구였습니까? (Woodrow) Wilson ( 우드로우 ) 윌슨 80. Who was President during the Great Depression and World War II? 경제대공황과세계 제 2 차대전시에대통령은누구였습니까? (Franklin) Roosevelt ( 프랭클릮 ) 루즈벨트 81. Who did the United States fight in World War II? 세계대 2 차대전에서미국이대항하여싸운 나라는무슨나라들입니까? Japan, Germany, and Italy 일본, 독일, 이태리 82. Before he was President, Eisenhower was a general. What war was he in? 아이젠하워는 대통령이되기전에장굮이었습니다? 무슨전쟁에그는참가하였습니까? World War II 세계제 2 차대젂 83. During the Cold War, what was the main concern of the United States? 냉전시대에, 미국의 가장큰걱정거리는무엇이었습니까? Communism 공산주의 84. What movement tried to end racial discrimination? 인종차별을차단하기위하여벌인운동은 무엇이라고합니까? civil rights (movement) 민권운동 85. What did Martin Luther King, Jr. do?* 마틴루터킹쥬니어가한일은무엇입니까? fought for civil rights 민권을위해싸움 worked for equality for all Americans 모든미국인들이평등하기위해공헌 you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. 11
86. What major event happened on September 11, 2001, in the United States? 2001 년 9 월 11 일에 미국에일어난가장큰일은무엇이었습니까? Terrorists attacked the United States. 테러리스트들의미국침공 87. Name one American Indian tribe in the United States. 미국의인디언부족한가지를말해보세요. [USCIS Officers will be supplied with a list of federally recognized American Indian tribes.] Cherokee 체로키 Navajo 나바조 Sioux 수 Chippewa 치페와 Choctaw 촉토 Pueblo 프에블로 Apache 아파치 Iroquois 이로쿼이 Creek 크릭 Blackfeet 블랙핏 Seminole 세미놀 Cheyenne 샤이엔 Arawak 아라왁 Shawnee 쇼니 Mohegan 모히건 Huron 휴런 Oneida 오네이다 Lakota 라코타 Crow 크로우 Teton 테튼 Hopi 호피 Inuit 이누이트 A: Geography 지리 INTEGRATED CIVICS 88. Name one of the two longest rivers in the United States. 미국에서제일긴강두개중한가지를 말해보세요. Missouri (River) 미주리강 Mississippi (River) 미시시피강 89. What ocean is on the West Coast of the United States? 미국의서쪽해안을무엇이라부릅니까? Pacific (Ocean) 태평양 90. What ocean is on the East Coast of the United States? 미국의동족해안을무엇이라부릅니까? Atlantic (Ocean) 대서양 91. Name one U.S. territory. 미국영토한가지를말해보세요. Puerto Rico 푸에르토리코 U.S. Virgin Islands 미국버짂아일랚드 American Samoa 사모아제도 Northern Mariana Islands 놀던마리아나아일랚드 Guam 괌 92. Name one state that borders Canada. 캐나다와접한미국주들중한가지를말해보세요. Maine 메인 New Hampshire 뉴햄프셔 Vermont 버몬트 New York 뉴욕 Pennsylvania 펜실베니아 Ohio 오하이오 Michigan 미시갂 Minnesota 미네소타 North Dakota 노스다코다 Montana 몬태나 Idaho 아이다호 Washington 워싱턴 Alaska 알래스카 93. Name one state that borders Mexico. 멕시코국경과접한미국주들중한가지를이야기해보세요. California 캘리포니아 Arizona 애리조나 New Mexico 뉴맥시코 Texas 택사스 94. What is the capital of the United States?* 미국의수도는어디입니까? Washington, D.C. 워싱턴디씨 you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. 12
95. Where is the Statue of Liberty?* 자유의여싞상은어디에있습니까? New York (Harbor) 뉴욕 Liberty Island 리버티아일랚드 [Also acceptable are New Jersey, near New York City, and on the Hudson (River).] B: Symbols 96. Why does the flag have 13 stripes? 왜미국의국기에는 13 개의줄이있습니까? because there were 13 original colonies 원래식민지주 13 개가있었기때문에 because the stripes represent the original colonies 줄들의의미가원래식민지주들을대표하기때문에 97. Why does the flag have 50 stars?* 왜미국의국기에 50 개의별들이있습니까? because there is one star for each state 하나의별이각주들을의미하기때문에 because each star represents a state 각별이하나의주를대표하기때문에 because there are 50 states 50 개의주가미국에있기때문에 98. What is the name of the national anthem? 미국애국가의이름은무엇입니까? The Star-Spangled Banner 스타스팽글드배너 C: Holidays 공휴일 99. When do we celebrate Independence Day?* 언제우리는독립기념일을기념합니까? July 4 7 월 4 일 100. Name two national U.S. holidays. 미국공휴일들중두개의날들을말해보세요. New Year s Day 새해 Martin Luther King, Jr. Day 마틴루터킹쥬니어데이 Presidents Day 프레지던트데이 Memorial Day 메모리얼데이 Independence Day 독립기념일 Labor Day 노동젃 ( 레이버데이 ) Columbus Day 콜럼버스데이 Veterans Day 재향굮인의날 ( 베터런스데이 ) Thanksgiving 추수감사젃 ( 땡스기빙 ) Christmas 성탄젃 ( 크리스마스 ) you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. 13