I. 2

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1 ,? 1

2 I. 2

3 Youngstown, Ohio 3

4 20, 4

5 Steel Valley = American Dream 5

6 1970, 1977, Black Monday 6

7 Youngstown = regional depression / 7

8 ,, 8

9 ?? 9

10 10

11 11

12 12

13 (Georg Graetz) (Guy Michaels) 2015 Robots at Work 13

14 , 14

15 15

16 = Keymarket 16

17 17

18 , : 18

19 19

20 + : 5 3 (7 ) the extreme competition a wave of innovation entrepreneurship 20

21 21

22 AI 22

23 II. 23

24 Financial Crisis of

25 subprime mortgage loan 25

26 26

27 : 2011 :, (Wall Street and the Financial Crisis: Anatomy of a Financial Collapse) 27

28 28

29 General Motors 2005 : 116, 2006 : : 387, 2008 :

30 Ford 2006 : : :

31 Chrysler 2006 : : :

32 Big Three

33 3 : 160 : GDP 1,510 : CAR Research Memorandum 2009, The Impact of the U.S. Economy of Successful versus Unsuccessful Automakers Bankruptcies 33

34 Presidential Task Force on the Auto Industy 34

35 2009 5, GM, Chrysler :

36 : 36

37 / 37

38 (Executive Office of the President) (United States National Economic Council) (Office of Science and Technology Policy) 38

39 < : A Strategy for American Innovation: Driving Towards Sustainable Growth and Quality Jobs> 39

40 [] 40

41 41

42 미국혁신블록에대한투자 기초 ( 과학 ) 연구분야에서미국의주도성회복 21세기지식과세계최고의노동생산성을가능케하는기술을갖춘다음세대교육 물리적사회기반시설선도 IT 생태계진화 42

43 생산적기업가정신을자극하는시장경쟁촉진 수출증대 미래지향적아이디어에자본이흐를수있도록열린금융시장조성 고도성장과혁신을추구하는기업가정신장려 공공영역및지역커뮤니터혁신 43

44 국가당면과제의돌파구마련 친환경에너지혁명촉진 자동차기술진화지원 헬스 IT 혁신지원 과학과기술의 "21세기원대한도전 " 44

45 1. 2. / 3. IT 45

46 2011 Education (technology) innovation Startup America Clean Energy 46

47 : :

49 21 the grand challenges of the 21st century 49

50 2014..(We know that the nation that goes all-in on innovation today will own the global economy tomorrow. This is an edge America cannot surrender.) 50

51 All-in on innovation 51

52 2010, 52

53 / 21 53

54 21 54

55 : Gig Economy, 55

56 ,,, 56

57 III. AI Gap 57

58 Artificial Satellite 58

59 Sputnik (1957) by Soviet Union 59

60 60

61 61

62 ICBM 62

63 Missile Gap (1958) 63

64 Senat Re-election Campaign by John F. Kennedy 64

65 Eisenhower administration McCharthyism 65

66 United States presidential election, 1960 K: The Republicans are weak on defense. 66

67 Science education should be a national priority. 67

68 AI Gap 68

69 AI Winter 69

71 2005 spring among researchers 71

72 AI 72

73 Google Search Facebook Newsfeed 73

74 : 74

75 (bot) 75

76 (NLP) 76

77 : 77

78 The Economist Talent-Acquisition by U.S. Firms Manhattan Project for AI 78

79 Manhattan Project? 2 :

80 Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Baidu 2015 AI / 85 80

81 9,902,032,041,

82 DeepMind

83 2016, Swiftkey 83

84 2015, VocalIQ. 84

85 2013 Evi. 85

86 2015. The German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence in Saarbrücken 86

87 2016 AI.. 87

88 2016 AI 88

89 AI. 89

90 WHY? 90

91 2015 AI 91

92 1% 92

93 ? 93

94 %=

95 1%= ,172,893,

96 ,, AI 96

97 ! 97

98 98

99 . 99

100 100

101 101

102 AI 102

103 AI 103

104 IV. 21? 104

105 AS IS IT??? 105

106 106

107 Technlogy/AI Gap 107

108 21 108

109 Next.Economy.X 109

110 Next.Economy.Engery 110

111 Next.Economy.Transportaion Next.Eonomy.TrafficSystem 111

112 Next.Economy.Car 112

113 Next.Economy.Justice 113

114 Next.Economy.MarketCompetition 114

115 21 115

116 By WHO? 116

@´º½º04-2š

@´º½º04-2š Contents Research Council on Unification Affairs 01 03 15 37 47 51 75 91 119 123 127 129 137 143 144 146 150 152 153 155 157 Research Council on Unification Affairs Newsletter No. 2 Winter 2004 1 2 Research