433대지05박창용

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1 Recent Changes in Summer Precipitation Characteristics over South Korea Changyong Park* JaYeon Moon** Eun-Jeong Cha*** Won-Tae Yun**** Youngeun Choi***** Abstract This paper examines the recent changes of summer precipitation in the aspect of temporal and spatial features using long-term(1958~2007) observed station data over South Korea. Long-term mean summer precipitation has revealed two precipitation peaks during summer(june to September); one is the Changma as the first peak, and the other is the post-changma as the second peak. During the Changma period, the spatial distribution of the maximum precipitation areas is determined by the prevailing southwesterlies and the quasi-stationary front, which results in large amount of precipitation at the windward side of mountain regions over South Korea. However during the post- Changma period, the spatial distribution of the maximum precipitation areas is determined by the lower tropospheric circulation flows from the west and the southeast around the Korean peninsula, and the weather phenomena such as Typhoons, convective instability, and cyclones which are originated from the Yangtze river. The larger amount of precipitation is founded on the southern coastal region and mountain and coastal areas in Korea during the second peak. Time series of total summer precipitation shows a steady increase and the increasing trend is more obvious during the recent 10 years. Decadal variation in summer precipitation indicates a large increase of precipitation, (Doctoral Student, Department of Geography, Konkuk University), kpotato@konkuk.ac.kr (Senior Research Scientist, Climate Prediction Division, Korea Meteorological Administration), mjy@kma.go.kr (Senior Research Scientist, Typhoon and Asian Dust Division, Korea Meteorological Administration), cha@kma.go.kr (Director, Climate Prediction Division, Korea Meteorological Administration), wtyun@kma.go.kr (Associate Professor, Department of Geography, Konkuk University), yechoi@konkuk.ac.kr 324

2 especially in the recent 10 years both in the Changma and the post-changma period. However, the magnitude of change and the period of the maximum peak presents remarkable contrasts among stations. The most distinct decadal change occurs at Seoul, Busan, and Gangnueng. The precipitation amount is increasing significantly during the post- Changma period at Gangnueng, while the precipitation increases in the period between two maximum precipitation peaks during summer at Seoul and Busan. : summer precipitation, Changma, post-changma, recent change Oh et al quasi-stationary front Baiu Meiyu 1995 Oh et al Ho et al

9 8 8 2004 8 9 8 8 9 2005 7 8 2005 Cha et al.

3 Cha et al Ha et al Jhun et al

6 23 24 7 23 24 32 238 398mm 6 22 23 7 22 23 32 199 443mm 6 19 7 20 21 33 328 449mm a 650 1150mm b c 200 650mm NCEP/NCAR(National Centers for Environmental

4 mm mm mm a mm b c mm NCEP/NCAR(National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research Cha et al N 36 N a 327

5 (Choi and Kim, 2007) 670mm 1158mm 2 b 2 c 2 b 400mm Cha et al Choi and Kim NCEP/NCAR 850hPa U V 4 2 b

6 a b mm 714 0mm mm 329

7 330

8 mm 312 3mm mm 1100mm mm 1200mm mm mm

10 333

12 pp pp Cha, E.J., Kimoto, M., Lee, E.J., and Jhun, J.G., 2007, The recent increase in the heavy rainfall events in august over the Korean peninsula, Journal of the Korean Earth Science Society, 28(5), Choi, K.S. and Kim, B.J., 2007, Climatological characteristics of tropical cyclones making landfall over the Korean peninsula, Journal of the Korean Meteorological Society, 43(2), Ha, K.J., Yun, K.S., and Lee, S.S., 2007, August mode in precipitation and its association with circulations, Proceedings of the Autumn Meeting of KMS 2007, Ho, C.H., Lee, J.Y., Ahn, M.H., and Lee, H.S., 2003, A sudden change in summer rainfall characteristics in Korea during the late 1970s, International Journal of Climatology, 23(1), Jhun, J.G., Moon, B.K., and Kwon, M., 2007, Variability of the east asian summer precipitation, 335

13 Proceedings of the Autumn Meeting of KMS 2007, Oh, J.H., Kwon, W.T., and Ryoo, S.B., 1997, Review of the researches on changma and future observational study(kormex), Advances in Atomospheric Sciences, 14(2), mjy@kma.go.kr Correspondence: JaYeon Moon, Climate Prediction Division, Korea Meteorological Administration, , Sindaebang2-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, , Korea( mjy@kma.go.kr, phone: , fax: ) 336

03이경미(237~248)ok

03이경미(237~248)ok The recent (2001-2010) changes on temperature and precipitation related to normals (1971-2000) in Korea* Kyoungmi Lee** Hee-Jeong Baek*** ChunHo Cho**** Won-Tae Kwon*****. 61 (1971~2000) 10 (2001~2010).