영어유형A01-10강정답(01~37)ok수

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2 Answers & Explanations Chapter 01 목적과 주장 L et s Check It Out 6 a drive against corruption: an inner/instinctive/basic drive: the drive to succeed: the drive needed for this job: Roberts HTV HTV HTV HTV Chris Green HTV HTV If any position ~ be considered. I am a very good news writer ~. be a very good news writer ex. He s a good swimmer. She s a good speaker. My resumé, [which is on file at HTV], shows the numerous news writing assignments ~. which My resumé cf. My resumé, it is on file at HTV, shows ~. W ord P artnership a three-hour drive to London: a short drive to the coast: a fund-raising drive: 1 E X ERCISES Once at the site, walk to the location [where the interview will be held]. Once Once you are [ ] the location This will [enable you to become comfortable and familiar with your surroundings] and [let you know {how much time you will need to arrive at the interview on time}]. [ ] will comfortable familiar become { } know conduct prior to transportation ideally identify 8~9 2

3 hold surrounding (pl.) on time specific freshen up 2 Essential Business Essential Business In the fast-paced world of business today, every manager needs a personal resource [a place to go for advice, coaching, background information, or answers]. [ ] a place a personal resource Whether you are a new manager or an experienced executive, these solution-oriented books give you the reliable tips and tools [you need to improve your performance and get the job done]. [ ] you the reliable tips and tools fast-paced resource concise straightforward executive solution-oriented reliable constant companion subject to 3 I d love to bicycle more in the city in fact, I prefer it to walking, driving, or taking a bus or subway, as long as it isn t raining or snowing. B prefer A to B walkingdrivingtaking to ~, I try to strike up a conversation about [where they ve been] and [how they feel about bicycling in a big city]. [ ] about separate path accident relative in fact as long as strike up W ord P artnership relative value: relative merits: live in relative comfort: the position of the sun relative to the earth: 3

4 Answers & Explanations a truth relative to the accident: a distant[remote] relative: a close relative: writing in English ~ anyone [ ] looking ~ writing ~ = DWW is open to anyone who writes in English looking to develop their skills ~. 4 Dream Writers Workshop Allison Janney Tom McLaughlin Chris Martin Dream Writers Workshop DWW DWW DWW * [email protected] * Dream Writers Workshop Facebook * dreamwritersblog.com * [Founded in December 2007 by Allison Janney, Tom McLaughlin, and Chris Martin], Dream Writers Workshop (DWW) is a community of creative writers who come together to encourage each other s writing passions and hone their craft. [ ] Founded ~ Dream Writers Workshop (DWW), [which was founded in December 2007 by Allison Janney, Tom McLaughlin, and Chris Martin], is a community ~. Dream Writers Workshop (DWW), [founded in December 2007 by Allison Janney, Tom McLaughlin, and Chris Martin], is a community ~. [Founded in December 2007 by Allison Janney, Tom McLaughlin, and Chris Martin], Dream Writers Workshop (DWW) is a community ~. DWW is open to anyone writing in English [looking to develop their skills in fiction, creative nonfiction, poetry, scriptwriting, and lyrics]. found community passion craft biweekly poetry lyric retreat look to 5 Humane Society Central Night Shelter A lot of my friends thought it would be cool [to work at the Humane Society or to help kids through therapeutic horseback riding]. it [ ] [ ] to work to help I d love to be a ski guide for the blind, but I definitely don t ski well enough to do something like that. enough to 4

5 the homeless nursing home resident a bunch of volunteer therapeutic horseback riding definitely get involved with poverty 6 We arrive into a social slot, [born not only to a family but also to a religion, community, and, of course, a nation and a culture]. [ ] Born not only to a family but also to a religion ~, we arrive into a social slot. We are born not only to a family but also to a religion ~, and arrive into a social slot. Yet we often have to expend much energy trying to get students to see the influence on their lives of the social structure and culture they inherit. get toa have make to makehavelet cf. ~ let students see the influence cf. What would you have me do? Not understanding our past makes many of us incapable of thinking effectively about our present and future. make incapable sociologist be reminded of afresh creature slot shape expend inherit incapable of journey apparent irrelevant relevant W ord P artnership inherit an estate: inherit a legacy: inherit a fortune from one s parents: inherit the family business: inherit jointly: inherit patience from one s parents: inherit an artistic temperament: policies inherited from the previous government: 5

6 Answers Chapter 02 & Explanations 주제와 제목 L et s Check It Out 10 1 white noise You may have heard it without knowing that you did. may have p.p. did heard it Many medical clinics and business offices have white noise made by machinery [hidden in the ceiling]. have white noise made have p.p. have white noise made [ ] machinery E X ERCISES 12~ ~, but not everything [that comes from the earth] is good for you. not everything everythingallentirely [ ] that everything For examplechicken [that has been raised with water, sodium, and other additives] can legally be labeled as natural, ~. [ ] that chicken chicken that label raise term overuse misunderstood regulation carelessly sodium additive legally excess practice for the time being take ~ with a grain of salt 6

7 um W ord P artnership which to record ~ on which we could record ~ which a piece of paper cf. We could record ~ on a piece of paper. { } how often ~ record 2 medical term: terms of law: be on good terms with: on speaking terms: a long-term policy: spring term: in the short term: Franca Franca It seemed that whenever one of us wanted to get a fork from that drawer, the other one would be standing in front of it. whenever it that drawer So persistent was our old-drawer pattern that we decided to post a piece of paper [on which to record {how often we reached for the wrong drawer}]. so ~ that So persistent our old-drawer pattern was [ ] on tolerate location inconvenience persistent post reach for reminder more often than not 3 This can be as frustrating for an employee as it is for the employer who is paying for this nonproductive work time. as as for an employee for the employer At the same time, you will get to enjoy the personal satisfaction of focusing on your work and [getting it done]. of focusing getting [ ] get it = your work do 7

8 Answers 4 & Explanations rarely regular interrupt ring chatter coworker nonproductive free A from B B present distraction deal with ideally productivity W ord P artnership job satisfaction: instant satisfaction: self-satisfaction: overall satisfaction: to one s satisfaction: psychological satisfaction: higher/lower satisfaction: 5 Herodotus 19 Many of the cities [that were majestic in his day] became comparatively unimportant. [ ] that the cities What remains are individuals [depending on what is left of the local economy, {unwilling to adapt to the new realities of the situation they now find themselves in}]. What remains individuals What remains the thing that remains is individuals are [ ] individuals { } unwilling being historian prosperity majestic comparatively former industrial city phenomenon existence leading relocate to unwilling 5 W ord P artnership industrial products: industrial spy: industrial workers: industrial accident: industrial exhibition: industrial nation: industrial expansion: 8

9 Many factors influence [how our bodies process food and grab those needed nutrients]; ~. [ ] influence [ ] process grab our bodies ~; think of the women suffering from eating disorders, [who fail to properly digest their food because of social pressures and nervous disorders {that critically need professional treatment}]. [ ] the women suffering from eating disorders because of social pressures nervous disorders nervous disorders { } that digestive disturbance arise reaction process nutrient coloring artificial handicap eating disorder nervous disorder critically lining 6 F Once it is fixed and becomes a pattern, then even when something comes along [that contradicts it], [such as getting an A], the kid may think something like, Oh, that was just pure luck, and forget about it. Once [that ~ ] something [such as ~ ] something the kid may think So once that belief is fixed, no matter what comes along, it confirms it. once it confirms it it what comes along it that belief reinforce pattern come along contradict pure confirm accordingly recognize state 9

10 Answers & Explanations Chapter 03 글의 요지 W ord P artnership L et s Check It Out 14 The comic strip can be an extremely creative art form. It is important to me, when I am discussing comic strips, to make certain [that everyone knows {that I do not regard what I am doing as great art}]. It to make ~ [ ] that make certain { } knows { } regard A as B B what I am doing great art B I am certainly not ashamed of the work I do, nor do I apologize for [being involved in a field {that is generally regarded as a low form of entertainment}]. norand ~ not be do nor do I cf. ~, and I do not apologize for.[ ] for { } a field 1 involve a risk: involve a great deal of discipline: inevitably involve a lot of paperwork: involve somebody in a project: involve a person in a quarrel: involve others in trouble: involve students in learning: be involved in the arts: E X ERCISES 16~ I am talking about [not living in fear] and [allowing yourself to explore your limits]. [not living in fear] [allowing ~ limits] about not living But you will not be truly living [until you take the risk, come to the edge, trust, and leap into life.] until [ ] takecometrust leap 10

11 edge limb out on a limb get anywhere crash take a chance explore 2 Remember, [(that) {whatever you put out in this world} comes back to you tenfold]. [ ] Remember that [ ] { } whatever comes It may not come back in the same form [you sent it], but the universe will surely repay you, in some shape or form, in this lifetime or the next. It whatever you put out in this world [ ] the same form gesture generosity make a difference compassion assistance unconditionally molecule attach 3 Fear of [doing something {that would bring shame upon ourselves}] such as running naked through the street, cheating on a test, or stealing makes us think twice about doing it. [ ] of { } something Fear makes such as ~ doing something In this way, shame can guide us away from behaviors [that harm other people or make us outcasts in our cultures]. [ ] that behaviors harm make ashamed naked culture dash forceful in one s track W ord P artnership a cause of poverty: 11

12 Answers & Explanations 4 the common causes of traffic accidents: with/without good cause: show cause: a good cause: fight for the Republican cause: a lost cause: cause strife: cause a panic: The pain can act as a dam [that blocks the flow of your life] or a painful burn [that scars your existence]. [ ] that a dam a painful burn You can use the pain and let it become the energy and passion [that move you]. use let can [ ] that the energy and passion let it become accomplish dam burn scar release propel break down 5 W ord P artnership in past years/centuries/ages: for the past few months(weeks): a past president of the club: past champions: past events: past and present students of the college: in winters past(= In past winters): the recent/distant past: live in the past: Charlottesville Virginia Elissa Newport Jacqueline Johnson 2 They studied Korean and Chinese immigrants to the United States [who began {learning English} at various ages between three and thirty-nine]. learning {learning English} began [ ] who Korean and Chinese immigrants to the United States The researchers discovered that the scores depended not [on how long the subjects had been speaking English], but [on how early in life they arrived 12

13 in America]. not ~ but [on how ~ English] [on how ~ America] depended but don t cater to her. to to increase [ ] the chances colleague immigrant subject pick up eventually accent achieve proficiency toddler modification novice mealtime chance manage well-balanced collection 6 W ord P artnership in balance: a balance between work and relaxation: maintain a good balance: a good sense of balance: check your bank balance: a just balance: balance on one leg: balance one s previous losses: balance one s checkbook: Make a few modifications to make it easier [for her {to chew and swallow}], but offer her essentially the same balanced meals [everyone else is served]. it [for her ~ swallow] her {to chew and swallow} everyone [ ] the same balanced meals Offer her a variety of foods at mealtime to increase the chances [that she ll find something she can manage], 13

14 Answers Chapter 04 & Explanations 지칭어구 L et s Check It Out 18 Sarah Leslie Leslie 6 Sarah 12 Leslie Leslie Sarah Leslie Craig Craig Sarah 6Leslie she[her] Sarah she Leslie ~ and it had been six years since her last visit to this island. Leslie 6 6 Hadn t she herself once dreamed of living in a lighthouse, and having one little room built on top of another, with steps [that led all the way up to the lantern room]? living having dreamed of [ ] that steps E X ERCISES 20~ Louis Pasteur Louis Pasteur Louis Pasteur Louis Pasteur blacksmith Louis saw some villagers [helping an injured man go to the blacksmith shop], and his bare chest bled from bites. [ ] helping ~ [ ] help go to go He watched the blacksmith pump the bellows [to make his fire hotter]. watched pump [ ] play marbles blacksmith shop bare bite glow Louis Pasteur Jules Vercel Arbois Louis Louis Jules Louis Jules W ord P artnership a press card: the local/national/foreign press: 14

15 2 be reported in the press: the freedom of the press/press freedom: talk to the press: roll off the presses: stop the presses: a university press: a trouser press: a garlic press: need a press: press one s face against the window: press a button/switch/key: Stuart Green Stuart Green Roger Joshua Stuart Joshua Stuart Roger Roger Stuart Stuart Green Roger I guessed [that Stuart would remember {who Joshua was}], and that seemed like a good way to get started. [ ] guessed { } remember I had run into Stuart at various gatherings over the years, perhaps three or four times, and he had always been friendly. had run had been manuscript move contact editor publishing house run into gathering greeting arrange 3 the neighbor lady The little girl got louder and more insistent. get get While (she was) talking to me, she just picked her up, simply opened the door of a room nearby, put her down inside the room, and closed the door. While she was pickedopened putclosed and impatiently ignore insistent in a few moments go over praise behavior 4 Lucy Ruth Lucy Ruth 15 Lucy 15

16 Answers & Explanations Lucy Ruth Lucy could always make her laugh [no matter what the circumstances were], ~. make laugh [ ] no matter what whatever People were drawn to [her always perfect thick brown hair], [her beautiful brown eyes], and [a smile that could stop anyone in their tracks]. to [ ] make it to focus circumstance lively atmosphere draw in one s tracks wisdom solid 5 Ruth Lucy Ruth They[they] blind children They buttonscoinsor other round objects If the class is coloring a picture of a snowman, for example, buttons, coins, or other round objects might be of good use. of of good use very useful Since blind children cannot pick up details visually, it is very helpful if they can learn through their sense of touch. Since it if they can learn through their sense of touch personally participate in be true of blind be involved in suitable object available button cf. belly button glue thread outline pick up detail visually 6 W ord P artnership blind people: go blind: blind date: blind faith: blind obedience: blind curve: blind corner:

17 Sydney funnel-web spider they they Their fangs Sydney funnel-web spiders Their fangs are so powerful that they can go through a person s fingernail. so ~ that that The spiders build their homes in sheltered places, such as in deep cracks between rocks or holes they dig in the ground. ~ such as funnel direction bite serious fang go through fingernail sheltered crack dig hidden entrance spin silk thread trip line doorbell company 05 Chapter 문법성 판단 L et s Check It Out (A) [it / them] its bottled messages them (B) [has / had] had p.p. (C) [to tell / telling] live to to to tell The problem is, it is impossible to tell [how long it will take the sea to deliver its bottled messages] or [where it will wash them up]. The problem is that comma cf. The problem is that it is ~ [ ] tell He was returning to Spain to tell the king and queen about what he had discovered when his ship got caught in a bad storm. Awhen B B A A B ex. She was cooking dinner when the doorbell rang. 17

18 Answers & Explanations 1 (A) [put / putting] and you hunt and put (B) [which / what]: the amount of time you have to eat it have which to eat to (C) [is / to be]: the nutritional value of the food you choose you choose the food the nutritional value of the food is However, as much as you do not want to admit it, ~. as much as ~ all of a sudden examine hunt for carry out daily activity taste = suddenly chocolate-iced nutrient 2 E X ERCISES Alison 24~ Alison 18 Alison Alison was five others was were tougher make than tough tougher to joinpersuadepersuade A to planting cleaning and planting thosethose around us who are ~ She was often teased, and that made the year tougher than she had expected. that She was often teased ~, five others from her small community were inspired to sign up for a similar mission. be inspired to tease rather than quit persuade role model when it comes to be devoted to make a difference community medical mission inspire sign up for be worse off Alison Little League 18

19 3 Clare Luce Clare Luce (A) [worked / working] why I felt why working (B) [feel / to feel] make feel (C) [full / fully] as if a sky had been punctured a sky full a sky which[that] was I think one of the reasons [she gave so much time to me] was that my enthusiasm made her feel more cheerful, and I think at least, I like to think (that) that gave her happiness. [ ] the reasons why that that influence politics theater diplomacy reflect file away enthusiasm intelligence wit make an impact separate W ord P artnership 4 reflect the surrounding mountains: reflect the bright sunlight: reflect light: reflect one s views: time to reflect: Ashton This: that This It work used to work did INot only did I referred torefer to refer to A as B B what becausebecause By seven o clock or so, the effect ended, simply because there were more people about. or so simply because day s pay van endearingly fancy pl. promptly fascinate soul about effect 19

20 Answers 5 & Explanations O Keeffe O Keeffe Arthur Dow Dow O Keeffe O Keeffe 20 (A) [studied / studying] She Arthur Dow studying (B) [painted / been painted] had painted (C) [her / herself] herself Even though she decided to become an artist at age twelve and attended art school in Chicago and New York, O Keeffe quit painting altogether from the age of 21 to the age of 27. decided attended and quit -ing His teaching validated her own ideas about art, which weren t like anything [(that) she had ever painted]. which her own ideas but they [ ] anything anything that O Keeffe immersed herself in her new approach and went on to become one of the most famous painters of the 20th century. go on to attend altogether synthesize sensibility abstract concept validate immerse oneself in gifted nerve capacity 6 are know do to beto be to acted reprimanded progressiveis becoming progressive treat they = managers treat Bosses often reprimanded those [who didn t do things correctly] and acted stern. [ ] those acted Many managers are being educated to guide, train, support, motivate, and coach employees rather than to tell them what to do. are being educated rather than to tell to guide, train, support, motivate, coach manager consist of correctly 20

21 stern witness progressive motivate high-tech firm emphasize cooperation discipline unruly Chapter 06 어휘 추론 L et s Check It Out amusing alarming Suppose that you are suffering from serious heart disease, and that your doctor proposes a tricky operation. Suppose that People react very differently to the information that ninety of one hundred are alive than to the information that ten of one hundred are dead even though the content of the two statements is exactly the same. than different ly from from than the information that the information even though E X ERCISES 28~

22 Answers 1 & Explanations (A) declines *improve (B) fitter *weaker (C) recreation *tension Break out of this pattern by paying more attention to relaxation and getting more involved in living when you are under pressure. Break out of this pattern by paying ~ and getting by paying getting when chances disorder W ord P artnership mental disorder: genetic disorder: affective disorder: social disorder: political disorder: moral disorder: 2 decreasing growing punish pressure delete work performance break out of pay attention to relaxation get involved in define creative break mentally guilt high-quality remaining reduce But as current workers have to support a growing number of retirees, either taxes have to go up, or benefits have to fall. as taxes have to go up benefits have to fall either ~ or Changes in the design of private retirement plans are also putting more demands on workers to determine for themselves how much to save and how to invest it properly. determine to and industrialized 22

23 pension plan ensure threaten retired finance taxation current earnings retiree benefit make up the difference private demand determine invest properly 3 (A) psychological *academic (B) isolated *disadvantaged (C) interaction *competition Without at least some contact with others, most of us would suffer serious consequences, including hallucinations and a loss of our sense of time and space. without would suffer Without If it were not for ~ including It has been shown that socially isolated people die at a younger age, that the likelihood of death increases when a marriage partner dies, and that poor communication skills contribute to heart disease. It that communicate with physical fulfill obtain rent establish shelter suffer consequence likelihood contribute to purpose 4 (A) admit deny deny (B) hostile hospitable (C) acceptable unacceptable acceptable 23

24 Answers & Explanations If your children have an eating disorder, you should first encourage them to feel comfortable talking about it with you. encourage to It s common [for them to shut you out completely and deny that there s a problem]. It [ ] to for them to shut eating disorder shut out rely on disordered eating fight off privacy potentially life-threatening extreme 5 W ord P artnership extreme patience: extreme happiness: extreme measures: the extreme penalty: hold extreme views: in one s extreme moment: the extremes of joy and grief: run to an extreme: smaller wider Educators should take this into consideration when planning learning activities. when planning when they = educatorsplan The resources and playthings [that children have {before coming to school}] are becoming increasingly influential in shaping [what they are able to do]. The resources and playthings [that ~ school] {before coming to school} before they come to school what [what ~ do] shaping Schools are in danger of being viewed as a boring place if they don t match the expectations of the children who attend them. Schools view in danger of being p.p. them schools a range of electronic extend impact on available educator take ~ into consideration resource plaything influential shape sophisticated gap in danger of view ~ as boring match expectation 6 24

25 (A) trapping *moisten (B) survive *drown (C) breaks *produce W ord P artnership thick cover: thick layer: thick hair: thick forest: thick fog: thick smoke: thick soup: thick broth: Humans [who fall into cold water] are more likely to survive if (they are) clothed than if (they are) naked, as a similar blanket effect is produced by water [kept inside the clothes]. [who ~ water] Humans if be as [kept inside the clothes] water Because of this, struggling to get out of water, which breaks this warm layer, causes the heat to be lost faster. struggling to get out of water which cause to mammal thick fur stand on end significantly close to layer hairy behavioral practice efficiently naked blanket struggle get out of 25

26 Answers Chapter 07 & Explanations 심경과 분위기 L et s Check It Out 30 I I My regular softball coaches had told me about a travel softball team, which was a team for really good players from all over the area who played in games all over the east coast. had p.p. which a travel softball teamwho really good players When I arrived home from practice, I couldn t wait to ask my mom if it was okay if I tried out for the travel team. can t wait to if if ask if E X ERCISES 32~ Dan Dan Dan Dan Dan blew the horn and began [to yell at the cab driver]. blew began to yell [ ] began Dan decided to teach this driver a lesson and began to chase him down the street, [honking and screaming, and waving his hands out the window]. honkingscreaming waving [ ] traffic take off teach ~ a lesson chase honk passenger-side dryly 2 Dan Shirley Baltimore Dan Dan Dan Dan Dan 10 Carrie 26

27 Carrie Peggy Peggy I Carrie, [the girl (whom) I had a huge crush on], was already sitting in the same desk as yesterday. [ ] Carrie [ ] on [With her books already opened], Carrie looked focused on her physics; not me. [ ] with With her books open suck physics have a crush on slide slid so much for rub thigh 3 Peggy Peggy looked out the window to see the crows suddenly lift simultaneously into the air and fly away, scattering to the four winds. to see scattering He was staring at her house, holding in his right hand what seemed like a weapon. holding what seemed like a weapon eruption flap crow simultaneously scatter to the four winds stream abruptly edge weapon jerk away ease peek out lean chill mist whirl 4 Jill 27

28 Answers & Explanations I could feel tension in the air.i felt my stomach drop to my toes as a feeling of fear swept through my body.i had not studied at all. I As I slid into my seat moments before the bell, I saw the reason for all of my classmates anxiety. moments before the bell cf. ten minutes before the bell 10 minutes before the bell Across the blackboard were three words [written in huge block letters]. across the blackboard three words were [ ] three words nervous chatter scatter flashcard tension in the air slide into anxiety block letter stomach sweep through obviously indifferent 5 1 I am writing to ask you [if you would like to attend a baseball camp with me this summer]. to ask if [ ] ask Finally, and most importantly, we will get a chance [to meet new friends {who love to play baseball}]. [ ] a chance { } who new friends attend beneficial brochure batting counselor pitch 6 W ord P artnership a slim chance: a fighting chance: a sporting chance: chances are [= it is very likely that ~]: stand a/no chance of: get/have the chance: the chance of a lifetime: take a chance on the weather: chance upon one s diary: Sarah Sarah 28

29 Chapter 08 실용문과 도표(1) Sarah Sarah It was too difficult [to move on her hands and knees]. It to move ~ too difficult too ~ to She sat back on her heels, [breathing for a second], [her pulse racing and her mouth (being) dry]. [ ] breathing she racing being she her pulse her mouth crawl tunnel flashlight long damp stick out heel pulse L et s Check It Out Mason Squareroom 5 Sun Groove Are you looking for something special to do with the whole family on New Year s Eve? -thing-one-body E X ERCISES 36~

30 Answers 1 & Explanations Victory German Center 501 Ohio River Blvd, Suite 503 Edgeworth Medical Building Sewickley, Pennsylvania % almost half of the male workers almost a quarter of the male workers The most common time of departure for both male and female workers is between 7:00 a.m. and 7:59 a.m. The most common time of departure is both male and female workers are Male workers are more likely to leave for work before 7:00 a.m. than their female counterparts. be likely to It is[was] likely that ~ more ~ than 7 Interested applicants are invited to submit their resumé and cover letter in a sealed envelope to our office by September 6, by September 6, 2013 vacancy announcement qualified manager fluent advantage invite cover letter sealed % departure depart gender peak counterpart category TV 5 55 TV Not surprisingly, adults 55 or older prefer local TV to the Internet. prefer ~ to 30

31 local TV the Internet Over ten percent of people aged 55 or older say the local newspaper is the primary source [from which they get sports news and information]. [ ] from which the primary source from which where primary source information programming cite Stanley 2013 Stanley Branch Shakespeare Contest Shakespeare Contest 2013 Stanley 10~12 Stanley part in the National Contest, [scheduled for September, 2013]. [ ] the National Contest = ~ in the National Contest, which is scheduled for September, 2013 recite Shakespearean monologue sonnet overall award grade participate in take part in approximate party detail W ord P artnership grade A meat: A students of university grade: get good grades in exams: grade B or above: B students in the eighth grade: Andros Lunch is provided to contest participants and their parties teachers and parents The overall winner of the National Shakespeare Contest is awarded a winter scholarship. award A B They award the overall winner of the National Shakespeare Contest a winter scholarship. The winner of the Stanley branch contest will take 31

32 Answers & Explanations Chapter 09 실용문과 도표(2) L et s Check It Out The number of student visa grants for Korea and America decreased in the period of ~. the number of a number of ex. A number of participants are my friends. 10 [email protected] Join us again in 2013 [as Emily Velez-Confer resumes her classes in Puerto Rican-inspired art]. You Join as [ ] announce resume inspired explore handicraft reservation present donation material 2 E X ERCISES ~41 1 the House of Puerto Rico Emily Velez-Confer Austin Austin

33 TV Design an original film poster for one of the following titles and send it to us. CALL FOR ENTRIES: ORIGINAL FILM POSTERS DUE MARCH 12 All the winners will be awarded a badge of admission to this year s festival. having their work seen by an audience of filmmakers eager to find their next poster artist Also, they will have the honor of having their work seen by an audience of filmmakers [eager to find their next poster artist]! having their work seenhave their work see [eager ~ artist] an audience of filmmakers = who are eager to ~ contest call for entry original due feature award badge admission have the honor of filmmaker eager lamb Mars stallion pilot , , , , ,383 16, ,380 3,1871, The number of building permits for residential buildings decreased in 2006 compared to that of the previous year. the number of building permits for residential buildings that In 2006, the number of combined construction permits for additions, alterations, and repairs decreased by more than a thousand from the previous year. by building permit residential previous combined addition Star Cinema Star Cinema ,500 1,

34 Answers & Explanations Drinks were by far the most preferred type of items sold in Star Cinema throughout the year. by far Chapter 10 세부사실 파악 L et s Check It Out 42 monthly preferred peak steadily unit 1960 Brooklyn George Avery Alaska Antipodes He encouraged me to lead a tour, and thus began [my visits to wonderful gardens around the world]. encourage to [ ] began [Having led these international tours for the past forty years], I thought I had seen many of the great gardens of the world, from Alaska to the Antipodes. [ ] Having led thought = As I had led ~ E X ERCISES 44~

35 1 Satchel Paige Satchel Paige Paige Negro Paige 2 2 Negro Paige Cleveland Indians Negro He had a long career, [during which an estimated 10 million people watched him pitch] in person, since he played most of his games before they were shown on television! [ ] a long career watched pitch Paige played for a variety of Negro League teams from 1926 to 1947, [moving from team to team depending on {who could pay him the most money}]. [ ] moving { } on genuine career estimated in person a variety of depending on reputation establish war effort exhibition competitive exhibition game contract 2 It gets all dirty and cruddy, yet the dirtier and cruddier it gets the less you want to touch it. the the One thing [that is essential] is lubing your chain. [ ]One thing lubing ~ maintenance cruddy professional novice mess up essential flush squeak drip neat 3 Sei Whale Sei Whale) Fin Whale 50 Minke 35

36 Answers & Explanations Whale Ways to Make Money 50 The Sei Whale feeds on krill, [which are usually found close to the surface]. [ ]krill Sei Whales are fast swimmers, (being) capable of bursts of speed up to 50 kph, and hence able to avoid close encounters with boats if they wish. capable being Rather than the gliding, arching way [in which these species blow and dive], typically a Sei Whale will rise almost horizontally to the surface. [ ] the gliding, arching way superficially pointed Fin Whale feed on burst encounter invariably at that identification rule out glide blow horizontally 4 Kylie Kylie Tasmania Kylie It was [after her second child was born], however, that she became anxious about how she would go back to work with a young family. it ~ that [ ] after One day she decided to write a list of all the ways [(that) she could make money]. [ ] all the ways that childhood interest anxious pay off originally keep -ing 5 W ord P artnership watch with interest: academic interest: wide interests outside the work: in the interest(s) of safety: high rates of interest: annual interest: conflict of interest(s): interest oneself in charity work: pochard pochard 36

37 Tufted Duck Arrow River Her breast and rear end are more brown than black, her middle section is gray, speckled with pale brown, and her head is pale brown, but adorned with a yellowish stripe across the eye. speckled with pale brown her middle section You will see pochards up and down the country, [where they often feed at night and sleep in big groups on the water during the day]. [ ] the country They like hanging out with Tufted Ducks, but they look completely different, so luckily there is no chance of getting the two confused. there is no chance of -ing get p.p. recognize beak rear pale indistinct speckled adorn chance 6 Arrowtown Arrowtown Queenstown 20 Arrowtown 1862 Arrow River The cry of gold in 1862 brought thousands of miners to the Arrow River which runs through the town, [one of the world s richest sources of gold]. which runs through the town the Arrow River [ ] the Arrow River Through careful preservation, the legacy of the early settlers is stored in a fascinating, picturesque town [where the past and the present are delightfully blurred]. [ ] a fascinating, picturesque town await charm ideal miner source height pioneer cottage saloon flourish preservation legacy picturesque blur W ord P artnership renewable energy sources: a useful source of information: a reliable source: source material: a source of violence: a source of confusion: the source of the Nile: trace a river to its source: 37

38 Answers & Explanations Chapter 11 빈칸완성(1) E X ERCISES 48~ L et s Check It Out ~, he is willing to pay the rather large fine; he considers it a cost of doing business. consider it the rather large fine He treats the fine as if it were simply an expensive parking lot fee. as if W ord P artnership cover the cost: without cost: the total cost: sell below cost: bear the cost: reduce cost: at one s cost: at all costs: Sony Nokia Matsushita Matsushita ~, the company makes it clear to job applicants in any part of the world [that it does not consider English to be a foreign language. ] makes it clear it [ ] that Matsushita recently introduced a policy that requires all managers to pass an English language competency test before being considered for promotion. before being p.p. all managers before they are considered observe headquarter applicant policy competency promotion corporate exclusively competitiveness 2 38

39 [What is considered attractive] changes over time and varies across cultures. [ ] what what What is changes, varies changes varies On the geographical dimension, a few cultures admire teeth sharpened to points as a sign of beauty, but most don t. most don t admire teeth sharpened to points as a sign of beauty standard subjectivity dimension admire plumpness geographical sharpen insert lip plate feature dominant acceptable universal 3 ~, we may be influenced mainly by the position [in which each appeared]. [ ] the position This is (the reason) why items displayed at either end of a store shelf sell more than those in the middle, and it s also the reason (why) an interviewer might unknowingly pay more attention to the first and last candidates in a job interview. the reason why ~ the reason why pay attention to available encounter option display unknowingly candidate W ord P artnership choose an option: leave one s option open: the first option: a serious option: at one s option: have no option: 39

40 Answers 4 & Explanations I have done it now for about ten years, and I am very good at it. for have p.p. What they needed was to regain some true interest. What they needed to physically face top management competent engineering regain tutor 5 Locals pay much lower prices for the same purchases. lower much In China, it is common to encounter a three-level price system [where non-overseas tourists from other regions of China pay the highest prices, foreign visitors from overseas pay lower prices, and locals pay the lowest prices]. it to encounter ~ lowest prices [ ] where a three-level price system where local readily low season supplier excess capacity charge anger resident qualify for W ord P artnership clap one s hands: the right hand: shake hands with: first hand: at hand: hand in hand: give a hand: a helping hand: farm hand: 40

41 6 But the intention to convey certain experiences to viewers is sometimes secondary to the intention to express the artistic imagination creatively. A is secondary to B B Actions [(that) we perform] [through which we intend to express our feelings, thoughts, and attitudes] need not have any communicative intent for how others may respond. Actions need not have for how intention convey secondary crucial anticipation urgency disgust intent representation Chapter 12 빈칸완성(2) L et s Check It Out 50 2 Is it possible that [what makes me happy] is not [what makes you happy] it that [ ] what that what When I asked why, he showed me a stamp [he got after two years of dreaming about it]. [ ] which[that] a stamp E X ERCISES 52~

42 Answers 1 & Explanations 1990 Red Grooms Dwayne Hanson Halloween Red Grooms Dwayne Hanson I would advise young artists to always follow their real interests. to to always follow I saw this niche [that I could develop in life-size figures {that nobody was doing}]. [ ] this niche { } life-size figures that classical sculpture realism wide-open life-size figure middle ground have yet to logical obviously figure pure reason status interest reliable 2 W ord P artnership unemployment figures: the final inflation figure: a dominant figure in British politics: a six-sided figure: have a fabulous figure: a figure in bronze: in figure 3: 3 Robert A. Bjork Common wisdom used to advise students to find one quiet area without distraction to use as their study space. advise to A to use one quiet area without distraction to The next time [(when) you study it] might be on a Saturday afternoon on a blanket in a park, (being) surrounded by bright sun and green trees. [ ] when The next time surrounded by bright sun and green trees surrounded being 42

43 common wisdom distraction experiment retain alternate setting material Monroe Doctrine halogen enrich vary context calm down set aside time clock 3 GPS GPS GPS GPS GPS GPS GPS destination, what you want It can guide you exactly [where you want to go] no problem! [ ] where But what good is all that complex technology if you cannot enter a destination? What good is A? good use Similarly, once you clarify and stay focused on your vision, the exact steps [(which) you need to take] will also keep appearing along the way. once [ ] which the exact steps GPS = global positioning system navigational complex destination inner similar regularly display designated similarly clarify merit personality 4 Dancing with the Stars Sabrina Bryan Mark Ballas Bryan Ballas 2 30 Dancing with the Stars Bryan Ballas In the fourth week, the judges awarded the dancing duo a perfect 30 score for their paso doble, [making them the first couple to earn a perfect score so early in the competition]. 43

44 Answers & Explanations [ ] making ~ = ~, and it made them the first couple to earn a perfect score so early in the competition = ~, which made them the first couple to earn a perfect score so early in the competition The elimination in week 6 was so unexpected that other celebrities on the show, members of the studio audience, and even some of the judges themselves started to cry when the news was announced. sothat professional eliminate competition earn consistently judge award duo unexpected celebrity announce shocker 5 DVD MP3 It does [whatever you want]. [ ]does whatever what anything that ~ Just like the remote control, all [(that) you have to do] is (to) send out a different signal. [ ] that all send to to do to ex. The first thing we have to do is (to) send the invitations. normally tune in to game console surround sound launch falling out be consumed with bitterness contentment convenience behavior directly 6 44

45 Chapter 13 빈칸완성(3) You can watch football or basketball all day, but the only way [(that) you ll get better at a sport] is by working at it. [ ] the only way that You either [make the choice to spend each day wisely, preparing yourself for the future], or [you don t]. either A or B [ ] B B don t make the choice to spend each day wisely sweat work at blame achieve choice in the end concentrate on reap W ord P artnership Bad workmen blame their tools : blame the weather for a poor crop: get the blame for one s mistakes: lay[put] the blame for A on B: B L et s Check It Out 54 The determination [(that/which) cats show in getting home] has led some people to believe that cats prefer places to people. [ ] cats that[which] The determination has led However, remember [that a cat is very much bonded to people and will happily go wherever they go just as long as the cat s owner takes a few simple steps to help him settle into the new surroundings]. that [ ] remember wherever E X ERCISES 56~

46 Answers 1 & Explanations Consider the fact [that forgetting is always so suspiciously selective]. [ ] that the fact The same child [who almost always forgets to feed the dog] never forgets the ice cream in the freezer. [ ] who The same child forgets forgetful indirect suspiciously selective typical chore disobedient 2 It is more persuasive, however, [{to describe a problem in terms of its impact on you} than {in terms of what they did or why}]: ~. It [ ] [ ] You send the same information without causing a defensive reaction [that will prevent them from taking it in]. [ ] a defensive reaction prevent from -ing condemn at great length persuasive describe impact racist concern challenge W ord P artnership concern about violence on television concern over high unemployment a matter of concern to staff parents concern for their children a genuine/deep concern for the poor the government s primary concern This matter is their concern. It s none of your concern. a major publishing concern 46

47 3 I have often had the feeling, during conversations with parents [who are seeking solutions to problems they re having with their children], [that they think psychologists can settle all the problems without delay]. [ ] who ~ parents [ ] that the feeling It is almost inevitable [that upon further investigation I discover {that it didn t work simply because the parents didn t work at it constantly}] It [ ] that [ ] { } that discover psychologist settle encounter means counter inevitable work at remedy child-rearing Wonderfully, this is just the distance [they need to stare into their mothers eyes when nursing]. [ ] the distance need (cf. They need the distance to stare into their mothers eyes when nursing.) [As their alert periods lengthen], so do their sleep periods. As ~, so so do lengthen their sleep periods take place infant nearsighted distance stare nurse stretch lap highchair fascinated alert lengthen W ord P artnership a male nurse: an attendant nurse: 47

48 Answers & Explanations 5 work in a hospital nursing cancer patients: nurse a shoulder injury: nurse a grudge against: nurse your plants: a nursing mother: [To answer that question], 90 percent of you will look up and to the left. To answer [ ] That s [where right-handed people and even some left-handed people access visual-remembered images]. [ ] where the place right-handed access visual beard picture construct 6 W ord P artnership give an answer: have an answer to your letter: There is no answer.: write your answers on the sheet: know the answer to question 1: 1 There is no easy answer.: answer back: answer a description of: (The fascination of the early films lay in the movement on the screen of objects which exactly resembled their originals in real life) (merely as a medium of recording) The fascination of the early films lay in the movement on the screen of objects [which exactly resembled their originals in real life and behaved like them down to the minutest detail]. The fascination laywhich [ ] resembled behaved and The idea [that the manner in which this was done might be of value in itself] or [that the job of recording 48

49 information might be done even more efficiently] was not yet considered. The idea was that [that ~ itself] [that ~ efficiently] or The idea 14 Chapter 빈칸완성(4) L et s Check It Out 58 fascination lie in original down to the minutest detail present task efficiently merely distortion obviously intentional register ,200 A pine tree [that is 200 feet tall] can weigh around 11,200 pounds, so powerful trucks and trains are often needed to carry them overland. [ ] A pine tree The density of the wood in comparison to the water is what is most important. what is most important E X ERCISES 60~ IQ IQ IQ 49

50 Answers & Explanations IQ IQ IQ IQ IQ IQ IQ IQ One reason for this is [that intelligent people may be more likely to learn and use effective memory techniques and methods on their own]. this IQ IQ IQ that [ ] However, [if a group of people with high IQs {who had not learned effective memory techniques} were compared on a memory test with people with average IQs {who had learned effective memory techniques}], the average-iq people would perform better. if [ ] { } who a group of people with high IQs people with average IQs formal teaching qualifications: begin one s formal education: lack formal schooling: a formal object: the formal aspects of a poem: 2 intelligent relationship formal score effective W ord P artnership a formal evening dress: go formal: have a very formal manner: formal legal processes: make a formal apology/complaint/request: They will usually begin the meal by taking a sip of beer or soda, then pick up the knife and fork and hold them throughout the meal, [putting them down only when they have finished eating]. begin, pick, hold and [ ] putting ~, and much time is wasted negotiating acceptable rules of behavior [that could otherwise be spent on important issues, including the development of trust]. waste-ing [ ] and much time otherwise if it (= much time) were not wasted negotiating acceptable 50

51 rules of behavior bring about converse sip soda disturb trivial comment constantly wave negotiate acceptable behavior otherwise appointment irritated 3 W ord P artnership make a comment on: a small careless comment: No comment!: comments on a text: refuse to comment: Fyodor Dostoyevsky Dostoyevsky Dostoyevsky Dostoyevsky When the Russian writer Fyodor Dostoyevsky was put in prison for holding views [that were against those of the authorities], ~. [ ] that views those views Some of the prisoners were in such despair that they felt they couldn t stand it any longer. suchthat sothat hold authority misery assign pile back and forth despair railroad accomplished 4 prestige In other words, we try to show the world [that we are as good as or better than those around us, such as 51

52 Answers & Explanations our relatives, friends, neighbors, or coworkers]. show the world that [ ] that as ~ as than ~ or those In any event, prestige carries with it respect and status and influences the way [people talk and act around an individual]. prestige carries influences and [ ] the way that prestige keep up with the Joneses get ahead of relative coworker in any event status individual considerable treat limited pro 5 Memorial Sloan-Kettering Larry Norton 40 Norton For example, when asked to describe what distinguishes a cancer cell from a normal cell in the human body, Dr. Larry Norton, Deputy Physician and Chief at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, says [that cancer cells are only slightly different than normal cells] and provides his patients with an analogy of listening to 40 players in an orchestra. when asked be = when he is asked[ ] says says provides And that, says Dr. Norton, is an excellent parallel of [how the genetic makeup of a cancer cell is different from that of a normal cell]. [ ] of expert distinguish cell deputy physician note parallel genetic makeup go a long way in -ing fight W ord P artnership make a note of the dates: a note for my son: a bogus note: a high note: note down: take note of: note the possibility of collapse: 6 52

53 15 Chapter 연결어구 L et s Check It Out 62 B B B B Traveling salespeople, for example, may say [they want a smaller cell phone], but they may not have thought about [how hard that tiny phone will be to use]. [ ] they say [ ] how about Carpenters may request a lightweight circular saw without thinking about the fact [that it will no longer have the power to get through some of the more difficult jobs]. [ ] that the fact outcome salesperson carpenter request lightweight circular saw get through feature impact resulting suggestion turn out worthless Consequently B B ThereforeB ~, the Chicago firefighters went on strike, with the expectation [that even if they were suspended, they were likely to be put back on their jobs ~ ]. with the expectation that ~ the expectation that (= expecting that ~) Subsequent events proved them correct. prove them the Chicago firefighters W ord P artnership make a strike: call a strike: go on (a) strike: a general strike: a strike order: on strike: 53

54 Answers 1 A However B) on the other hand The question of [where to live both in this world and the next one] has long been one of humanity s fundamental concerns. of The question [ ] The question (has) In many cases, they give it greater consideration than where to live in this world. it their place of burial humanity fundamental when it comes to destination relatively 2 & Explanations E X ERCISES ~ for instance B Nevertheless ~, only 20 percent of homes are occupied by [what might be considered a typical family structure, {with a father, mother, and biological children}]. [ ] by { }a typical family structure In countries like Germany or Denmark, 40 percent of the population mostly the elderly live on their own. of population (live) arrangement sociological factor typical structure variety compositio the elderly target minority 3 54

55 A however B B For instance Before launching a product into the market, it is common to analyze the population s purchasing power and consumption habits, ~. it to to analyze ~ We should not forget, however, that even people with the highest incomes use everyday basic products, and that people with more modest incomes may decide to celebrate special events in very expensive ways. forget that launch analyze consumption place competitor coverage income modest well-off gather celebration spectacle 4 Leo Kanner Hans Asperger Of course 30 B However However, documents [that give detailed descriptions of likely cases] are very scarce. [ ] documents documents are However, it took another thirty years for the general public to have heard of autism through the media. it takesfor to hear of condition evidence document scarce simultaneously attention elsewhere chaos recovery take place a handful of A A 55

56 Answers & Explanations A For example B Therefore Internet access: access barrier: access card: ~, which makes it less likely for them to accept 6 information from only one source. to makes it less likely to accept ~ for them to accept ~, among the least educated in formal terms in the textspeak Caribbean population, [including those on a sugar cane plantation or on a banana plantation], you would find [that despite the relatively low level of education most 20 have access to cable television]. the least educated least educated people including [ ] on that [ ] most have This makes them less open to being ordered about and to following orders in the way that they may have been in earlier times. makes them less open to makes them less open to to being ~ to following ~ For instance B B However territory multiple available in ~ terms sugar cane plantation relatively have access to be exposed to in contrast to individual order ~ about[around] W ord P artnership gain access to: access control: easy access: direct access: restricted access: Many of these youngsters are absolutely convinced that their parents are the model to follow and have never questioned authority ~. to follow the model (= that they should follow) ~ they may even dress as formally as their parents do. asas formally dress youngster specific non-conformist limited authority oral instrument literary absolutely question formally 56

57 16 Chapter 담화구조(1) L et s Check It Out 66 B C Soccer Jr. B C Even a simple kit like Soccer Jr., [a fun and easy-touse robot kit for the beginner], can have a hundred or more small parts, including screws, washers, and gears. Soccer Jr. [ ] a simple kit, can have There are two main problems with so many small parts: [They are easily lost (usually by falling off the table), and they are easily swallowed by little kids, or even pets]. [ ] two main problems 1 Soccer Jr. B C E X ERCISES ~69 B A C Most of us have had the experience [of trying to communicate with someone {who doesn t speak English}]. [ ] of the experience { } who someone Probably [what you d do] is [what early humans had to do]. [ ]what is communicate frustrating ancestor go through mostly body language effective come up short 2 C B 57

58 Answers & Explanations A C B 3 A C B He immediately noticed a fish in the river and declared, A handsome heron like me should not eat a little fish like that! noticed declared and [Feeling quite foolish], he greedily devoured the very tiny snail. Feeling [ ] he A C B immediately declare search snail greedily devour ordinary blazing spy beak undersized spot W ord P artnership a black skirt with white spots: rust spots: a quiet/secluded/lonely spot: a tourist spot: a few spots of rain: spot my friend in the crowd: spot the difference between the two pictures: Not only did he think about those possibilities, but he also began to visualize the software [that would revolutionize the way we live]. not only ~, but also Not only did he [ ] that the software He thought about them often while attending lectures on subjects [in which he wasn t particularly interested] while attending he[ ] in which subjects undergraduate word processing visualize revolutionize envision attend a lecture 4 58

59 B C B C And every linguistics professor on the planet agrees on one point: Our language is [what sets us apart]. one point [ ] what Our language planet communication linguistics set ~ apart sophisticated distinctly day-to-day reproduce thousands of emerge 5 C B A C B For most, the wounds were probably fairly mild, [nothing {that created too much fallout or heart sensitivity}]. [ ] the wounds { } that nothing Or, [if the wounds were more severe], there was also plenty of positive stuff to counterbalance the impact of the wounds so (that) the scars could quickly fade and become insignificant. if [ ] so so that that emotional scar fallout sensitivity unhealed impact bruised profound fade vulnerable insignificant W ord P artnership a classic case: in case I m out: a case in point: if that is the case: a case of theft: win/lose a case: a case for the defence/prosecution: a pencil/jewelry case: a severe case of typhoid: the most serious cases: 59

60 Answers Chapter 17 & Explanations 담화구조(2) L et s Check It Out 70 Keep a journal of what you re eating and see how it changes over time as you move [away from high-fat high-sugar foods] and [into a variety of healthier options]. [ ]move One of the easiest ways to try new foods is to start to cook for yourself. One isto start for oneself 1 E X ERCISES ~73 When children refuse to eat, it s best not to overreact. to to not, never Doing so may give the child the idea [that eating is a means of getting attention]. the idea [ ] that When children refuse to eat, parents should have them sit at the table for a while. have have have them sit at the table refuse overreact attention rarely starve approach scheduled involved preparation responsibility hunger W ord P artnership approach the house: footsteps approaching from behind: approach a problem: approach the issue from different angles: a new approach to teaching languages: a positive approach: with the approach of war: the approach of autumn: 60

61 CD Like individuals also When you decide whether to spend your money on lunch or clothes or a new CD, you are making an economic choice. whether whether to whether to spend whether you should spend [How people and societies make these choices] is the focus of economics. [ ] is individual economic in turn affect income face utilize goods and services 3 2 They might also wish to look at the changes [that have occurred in Boston over the past two centuries]. [ ] that the changes that have occurred This information could be used to answer such geographic questions as: [ How have human activities changed the natural vegetation in the area? ] or [ Are the waterways different from what they were in the past? ] B A such A as B B [ ] geographer colonial past century demand workforce geographic 100 natural vegetation waterway 4 61

62 Answers & Explanations one way people show love and support for each other However Many teens don t feel comfortable hugging, kissing, or touching their parents or other family members. feel comfortable (in) -ing -ing You can kiss me when I come home from school if you want, but not if I bring a friend home with me. Or Hugging is okay, but not in front of my softball team. but not but you cannot kiss me, but hugging is not okay not hug pat physical affection separate ground rule pl. 5 Photos are made with light, which means the amount of light plays a big role in [how your picture will appear]. [ ] in Cameras have a variety of automatic features [that control light], and they will usually help you take great pictures. [ ] that automatic features that amount play a role feature every once in a while turn out correction indicator 6 W ord P artnership a notable feature: geological features: the extra features on Android smartphones: a special feature on children s books: feature stories on Korea: his handsome features: Such a summary a brief summary also how 62

63 much the reviewer s tastes in decor are like the reader s 18 Chapter 요약문 완성 A critical review about such places as restaurants, movie theaters, or bookstores has a feature in common: a brief summary. such A as B B A a feature in common a brief summary For example, if a reviewer says that the decor of a restaurant is unattractive, the reviewer needs to describe enough of that decor so that readers can understand [what parts of the decor are unattractive]. so that can can maywill [ ] understand summary reviewer taste decor critical feature brief evaluation unattractive It may be that detail ruin L et s Check It Out 74 B translation accuracy There are some sites [that claim to be able to translate passages from one language to another]. [ ] some sites translate from A to B A B However, the translations {produced by these sites} are [what might be termed approximate translations]. { } the translations [ ] There are cases [when this is all you require], but if accuracy is important then you have to take the time to revise the translation yourself. [ ]cases E X ERCISES 76~

64 Answers 1 & Explanations health B eating An individual who is sick may not be hungry or may find it difficult to eat. findit to to that it to that Such habits are essential for them to maintain or improve their performance. to to maintain or improve ~ for them them to essential maintain improve performance 2 50 Mahzarin Banaji 50 Banaji (A) expectations (B) perceptions disease require ~ to restrict omit minor illness lead to ginger ale ginger ale upset stomach grapefruit cabbage category exceptionally athlete consumption high-protein However, Mahzarin Banaji, a researcher at Harvard, was not interested in their answers and instead asked [whether anyone had seen anything unusual]. [ ] asked had seen asked had p.p. Banaji played the video clip for the executives again and this time told them not to pay attention to the basketball passes. not to paytell to not to A executive video clip 64

65 halfway obvious turn out pay attention to indicate unknowingly personality expectation perception 3 combine B geographical Local methods of doing business will change as social media expands the range of products [being offered for sale worldwide]. as [ ] products being offered be (= the range of products that are being offered for sale worldwide) ~, [the need to be where your customers are physically] will not be required with the use of modern technology. [ ] the need where integration traditional method relevant expand local range sale custom-made leather goods custom-tailored ship competitive adapt distant physically W ord P artnership a local name: a local citizen: a local paper: local election: local community: local business: local infection: 4 65

66 Answers & Explanations A unwantedb refuse A BA C B C In our efforts to be the good child, the uncomplaining employee, or the cooperative patient, many of us fall into the trap of trying to please people by going along with [whatever they want us to do]. whatever anything that with Try to catch yourself in the moment and use your true voice to say [what you really want to say]. catch use Try to [ ] what say more B succeed cooperative fall into the trap of go along with lose track of boundary symbolically distress empower catch oneself W ord P artnership lose her husband in the crowd: lose face: lose heart: lose one s hair/teeth: win or lose: lose a game/a race/an election/a battle/a war: There s no time to lose.: 5 Each person brings his or her basic needs, competitiveness, aspirations, agenda, personality, and feelings as well as talents and abilities to the meeting. Each person brings A as well as B B Moreover, with each person added to the meeting, the number of relationships among members increases geometrically. the number of the number increases a number of get the most out of purpose competitiveness aspiration agenda geometrically dynamics participant productivity dramatically additional 66

67 Chapter 19 장문의이해(1) L et s Check It Out 78 blue eyes and explained. kissed her on the forehead the kissed her forehead hit, strike, kiss on the The little girl who was hostess poured her friend a fresh cup of tea when the friend suddenly commented, Your mom is beautiful, but she has very ugly hands. when The mother pulled her close to her chest and kissed her on the forehead and looked directly into those teary aged grand light-hearted comment hurt close to chest forehead teary toddler fireplace rip off badly scar injured reach for ~2 E X ERCISES 80~

68 Answers & Explanations interruption distraction amuse fort layer thaw slushy get around misery bury cave snowbank gray demand quit daycare grab takeout Cub Scout 8~10 They amused themselves as best as they could, whether by building a snow fort, joining a snowball fight, playing hockey, or racing down the nearest hill. amuse whether they did(= amused themselves) by The colder it was, the more layers they wore. The the colder was more layers wore We worry about meeting the demands of modern life getting to work on time and quitting early enough to meet the daycare deadline. the demands of modern life getting quitting and enough early preferred outdoors frozen pond attract alive with paved proper sidewalk muddy messy humid crisp 3~4 25 Kathy Kathy 3. 68

69 Chapter 20 장문의이해(2) L et s Check It Out overlook Not only did people open up and begin to share with the open-ended questions I asked, but they also felt safe enough to tell me truths they rarely divulged to anyone else. not only A but also BA B It was not until my dear friend Kathy pointed out to me that few people can extract deep truths and inspire epiphanies in others that I understood that, in fact, I had a gift. not ~ until It was ~ that I did not understand that, in fact, I had a gift until my dear friend Kathy ~. It was not until my dear friend Kathy ~ that I understood that, in fact, I had a gift. I stopped denying that I was good at something, and I started contributing to the lives of others in a way that was deeply fulfilling. stop start start to So many people, when (they are) asked what they are gifted at, reply either I don t know or Nothing. when asked they are either A or B B open-ended awakening in one s presence extract inspire play ~ by ear acknowledge contribute to fulfilling objective unique D B 11 C 1. A D B C D B C 2. 69

70 Answers & Explanations 3. We both took a big deep breath and blew them out of our glasses. A I covered her with mine and asked [if I could take her to where she was going]. mine my umbrella asked [if ~ going] Can I take you to where you are going? C It was one of the photos in our album that we decided to put on the cover. It that It is/was ~ that pour down kick up grip huge stick in blast downpour tip over make one s way fancy tropical recall a twist of lime deep breath fairly purposely show up ~3 E X ERCISES 84~85 D C B 1. B ~ D DD C B her witty commentc A D C B 2. c she abde 3. B A I remember many times when he would come home from work and sit in his big lounge chair. would C At that moment, my daughter stopped playing and looked at my father. stop playing C No matter how old your mommy gets, she ll always be my princess. No matter how ~ However D It wasn t long before I got married and had a 70

71 very active little girl of my own. It wasn t long before ~ before got had and hug lounge chair witty lean over monetarily definitely royalty motion delighted belong to 4~ B 1 5 D Ticketmaster Green Day, Blink-182, Jimmy Eat World Pop Disaster Tour C Led Zeppelin Beatles Cheap Trick Pac-Man 4. A 5 5 B D C B D C B As long as he had his guitar, the Internet, and a phone, I was of no use. As long as (= while) (= only if) of no use useless C It is sad how we get caught up in the complexities of what is called real life and forget who we were, back when we were really feeling alive. It how how we get forget and D It took a while to figure out how I could bring us closer again. It takes to how figure out D Not only did he think I was the coolest mom, but I had an awesome time. not only ~ but not only did he enter into adolescence 71

72 Answers & Explanations figure out obvious survive ask for permission buck = dollar have the honor of get caught up complexity what is called Led Zeppelin 1968~1980 the Beatles stuff incredible Pac-Man Cheap Trick search for Pop Disaster Tour 2002 Green Day Blink-182 Jimmy Eat World 2 awesome 72

73 Chapter 01 목적과 주장 6~9 Chapter 07 심경과 분위기 30~33 Let s Check It Out Let s Check It Out EXERCISES EXERCISES Chapter 02 주제와 제목 10~13 Chapter 08 실용문과 도표 (1) 34~37 Let s Check It Out Let s Check It Out EXERCISES EXERCISES Chapter 03 글의 요지 14~17 Chapter 09 실용문과 도표 (2) 38~41 Let s Check It Out Let s Check It Out EXERCISES EXERCISES Chapter 04 지칭어구 18~21 Chapter 10 세부사실 파악 42~45 Let s Check It Out Let s Check It Out EXERCISES EXERCISES Chapter 05 문법성 판단 22~25 Chapter 11 빈칸 완성 (1) 46~49 Let s Check It Out Let s Check It Out EXERCISES EXERCISES Chapter 06 어휘 추론 26~29 Chapter 12 빈칸 완성 (2) 50~53 Let s Check It Out Let s Check It Out EXERCISES EXERCISES

74 Chapter 13 빈칸 완성 (3) 54~57 Chapter 19 장문의 이해 (1) 78~81 Let s Check It Out Let s Check It Out EXERCISES EXERCISES Chapter 14 빈칸 완성 (4) 58~61 Chapter 20 장문의 이해 (2) 82~85 Let s Check It Out Let s Check It Out EXERCISES EXERCISES Chapter 15 연결어구 62~65 Let s Check It Out EXERCISES Chapter 16 담화구조 (1) 66~69 Let s Check It Out EXERCISES Chapter 17 담화구조 (2) 70~73 Let s Check It Out EXERCISES Chapter 18 요약문 완성 Let s Check It Out EXERCISES ~77 74

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76 Answers & Explanations 1. M : You look so sleepy, Jenny. W: I m really sleepy. My sister and I stayed up late last night. M : What did you do? W: We watched some movies. stay up share go to bed ~ Jenny W: I heard that you re taking a cooking class, Mr. Brown. M : Yes, I am. Yesterday I cooked something special for my children. W: Oh, really? What did you make for them? M : I made them a pizza. Brown cook combo 3. M : Jane, why don t we take Mr. Kim s biology class together? W: I m afraid his class might be too hard for us. M : I know. But I heard it s interesting. Let s take it together. W: Well, okay. We can try it. Jane biology available 4. W: Excuse me, would you tell me how to get to Green 76

77 Bakery? M : Green Bakery? [Pause] Oh, it s on Wilson Avenue. W: Wilson Avenue? M : Yes. This is Benson Avenue. Go straight for two blocks first. W: Two blocks. And then? M : Turn left on King Street and go one block until you reach an intersection. W: Is that the intersection of King Street and Wilson Avenue? M : Yes. You ll see a flower shop on the corner, on your right. Turn right at the flower shop. W: I see. M : Right next to the flower shop, there s a post office. W: Is the bakery next to the post office? M : No, Green Bakery is directly across from the post office. W: Oh, I ve got it. Thanks a lot. Green Bakery Green Bakery Wilson Avenue Wilson Avenue Benson Avenue King Street King Street Wilson Avenue Green Bakery King Street Wilson Avenue bakery reach intersection next to across from head of the school painting club, Great Artists. We heard that the city was planning to paint pictures on some of the factory walls in our neighborhood. Our club wanted to take part in this project. So we applied and were selected to participate. However, at the moment we don t have enough club members to do our part. So we need some volunteers. It doesn t matter whether you re good at painting or not. You just need to be enthusiastic about improving the environment of our neighborhood. We hope you ll knock on the door of our club soon. Ted Johnson Great Artists head factory neighborhood take part in apply select participate at the moment matter enthusiastic improve M : Good morning, everyone! I m Ted Johnson. I m the W: Robin, what brings you here? M : I m here to buy some soccer balls. W: Oh, are you going to play soccer? M : Oh, no. Not me. Actually, I m going to donate these balls. 77

78 Answers W: Oh, really? Who are you going to give them to? M : Do you know who Frank Richardson is? W: Of course. He s the captain of our local team, the Black Eagles. M : Yes. He s collecting soccer balls and sending them to children in need. He s going to hold a soccer ball collection event this Saturday. W: That sounds great. M : How about attending the event with me? W: Okay. I ve always wanted to help children in need. I ll donate four balls. M : That s great. This is a wonderful opportunity for you to help children who need it the most. donate captain local collect in need hold attend 7. & Explanations Robin Frank Richardson Black Eagles W: How much time do you need to fall asleep at night? If you need a long time, there are some things you can do to solve the problem. First, set a regular bedtime and your body will soon start to feel tired at that time every night. It ll help you fall asleep more quickly. Second, exercise like stretching can also help you fall asleep faster. However, don t exercise right before bedtime since exercise may keep you awake. Lastly, try to relax by taking a hot bath. It ll help you fall asleep easily. I hope you sleep wonderfully with these tips. fall asleep set regular bedtime awake tip 8. M : I heard that your son Jake is taking a drama class. Does he like it? W: Yes. And there s something I really like about it, too. M : What is it? W: Playing different roles makes him more thoughtful toward others. M : That s interesting. How does the drama class do that? W: Well, once Jake takes a role, he tries to be the person he s playing. M : How does that make him more thoughtful? W: Well, it makes him try to see things from the view of others. M : So, acting has helped him become a better person. W: That s right. I d like to recommend that your son take 78

79 the class, too. M : I ll think about it. Jake Jake W: I see. Thank you for your cooperation. I ll bring Mark to you. M : Thank you, Ms. Stevenson. Stevenson Gray Mark Mark Mark Gray Mark Mark Mark Stevenson role thoughtful take a role view recommend get along well with field trip opportunity quality time cooperation M : Hello, Ms. Stevenson. W: Oh, Mr. Gray. You re here to pick Mark up. M : Yes. Is he getting along well with other kids? W: Of course. Mark is playing with blocks with his friends now. M : That s good. Would you please bring him to me? W: Sure. Oh, and Mr. Gray, you heard our kindergarten is planning to go on a field trip this Saturday, right? M : Yes. I think it ll be an interesting experience for Mark. W: Right. Are you going to take part in the event with Mark? M : Sure. I don t want to miss the opportunity to spend some quality time with my child. W: Did you have a nice weekend, Robert? M : Yes. We went cherry blossom viewing on Saturday night. Let me show you a picture. W: Oh. What a nice picture! The street light behind the bench adds to the atmosphere. M : Yes. Look at these cherry blossoms. W: Wow. They re beautiful. You look so comfortable sitting on the bench. [Pause] Who s that girl leaning against the tree? M : That s my daughter, Susan. And the little boy in the minicar in front of me is Tom, my son. W: They re very cute. M : Oh, I almost forgot about Sebastian. W: You mean the puppy wagging its tail right beside Tom? M : Right. He likes Tom best. 79

80 Answers & Explanations W: That s a really heartwarming picture. M : Thank you for saying so. Robert Susan Tom Sebastian Tom Tom Susan W: I agree. Let s meet at the center at 11:00 a.m. M : Okay. Jay Cynthia Harriet Center 11 Harriet Center Oh, that sounds good. It ll be a good chance to get useful information about jobs. go cherry blossom viewing add to atmosphere lean against in front of wag heartwarming 11. W: Jay, where are you going? M : Oh, Cynthia. I m going to the hair salon to get my hair cut. I ve been invited to my cousin s wedding. W: Oh, really? When s the wedding? M : It s this Saturday. Well, where are you going? W: I m going to the library to collect some materials for my report. M : I ve already finished the report. It s not that difficult. W: Good. By the way, what are you doing this Sunday? M : Nothing special. W: Then, would you like to go to the career fair at the Harriet Center with me? M : Oh, that sounds good. It ll be a good chance to get useful information about jobs. hair salon collect material career fair information 12. [Telephone rings.] W: Hello? M : Honey, it s me. W: Oh, Jack. Have you left the office? M : I m sorry. I haven t finished preparing yet for tomorrow s presentation. W: Really? You haven t forgotten that we have plans to go out to eat tonight, have you? M : No. I think I ll be able to finish it within 30 minutes. But I have a favor to ask of you. W: What is it? M : I need a file on my home computer for the presentation. It s in the Office Work folder. And its name is Sales Report. W: Do you want me to the file to you? M : Yes. Please the file as soon as possible. 80

81 W: Don t worry. I ll text you right after I send it to you. M : Thank you, honey. Jack 30 M : Good. I ve just made up my mind. I ll go backpacking this time. presentation favor text 13. W: What are you planning to do during this summer vacation? M : I m going to take a trip to France. W: Wow! That s great! Are you going to go on an organized tour? M : I haven t decided yet. W: Well then, I have a suggestion. How about backpacking? M : Backpacking? Any special reasons? W: Of course. It has several advantages. First, it s cheap. M : Hmm. That makes sense. I don t have to pay for expensive hotels. W: Right. And you can meet local people. Also, you can experience different cultures. M : Wow, that sounds great. W: Yeah. But, most of all, you can spend as much time as you want at the spots you like. organized tour backpacking advantage make sense local culture spot make up one s mind 14. M : Why the long face, Jenny? W: You know I ve been looking forward to Daniel Bell s concert. He s my favorite singer. M : Of course. You ve been very excited. What s the matter? W: It turns out that I can t go to the concert. M : Why not? Was the concert canceled? W: No. I have to go to Hong Kong for a meeting. M : Wasn t your boss supposed to attend that meeting? W: Yes, he was. But he broke his leg while playing soccer last week, so he can t go. M : That s too bad. What are you going to do with your 81

82 Answers & Explanations concert ticket? W: I already gave it to my sister. M : You mean the one who got married last month? W: Yes. She was so happy about the ticket. M : Good for her. You ll have another chance to see Daniel Bell someday, Jenny. Jenny Daniel Bell Daniel Bell Jenny use it? M : Sure. Shall I wrap it up for you? W: Yes, I ll take it. Here are my credit card and the coupon. M : Okay. One moment, please long face look forward to turn out be supposed to do 15. M : May I help you? W: Yes. I m looking for a humidifier. M : It s one of the most necessary things in the winter. How about this model? It s $100 and the latest one. W: I don t need such a big one. I m looking for a small one to put on my desk. M : I see. Here are some small ones. How about this green one? W: Looks nice. How much is it? M : It s $50 including tax. It s convenient to use and easy to clean. W: That s good. I have a coupon for a 10% discount. Can I humidifier necessary latest including convenient wrap up 16. M : Attention, students. We will be holding the second English Idiom Illustration Contest. Please submit your best English idiom illustrations. Here are the rules. First, the illustrations should not be bigger than an A4 piece of paper. Second, all submissions must be sent only by mail, and entries cannot be accepted. Third, the illustrations will be judged on the basis of creativity. Fourth, the deadline is November 24th, 2013, and the winners will be announced on December 6th, The top three winners will be given prize 82

83 money. Please note that the illustrations will become our property and will not be returned. We hope many students will participate in this contest. Thank you. 2 A Second, all submissions must be sent only by mail, and entries cannot be accepted. hold idiom illustration submit submission by mail entry judge on the basis of creativity deadline announce prize money note property participate in 17. M : Honey, do you remember you promised to take ski classes this winter with me? W: Of course I do. I ve already searched for some ski classes. Look at this. M : Great! [Pause] But we can t take any classes at the end of December, you know. W: That s right. I almost forgot we promised to volunteer at the senior center then. M : And I don t think we can handle an advanced class. W: I agree with you. We re definitely not ready for that one. M : Then there are two classes to choose from. Which one do you prefer? W: We don t need to get up early during our vacation. How about signing up for the later one? M : Sounds great. Let s take this class search for volunteer senior center handle advanced definitely prefer sign up for intermediate 18. W: Could you help me for a minute, Mr. Parker? M : Sure. What can I do for you, Ms. Brown? W: I don t know how to insert a song into a video clip. M : That s easy. I ll help you. W: Thank you so much. M : Don t mention it. By the way, can I ask you what the video clip is about? W: Sure. Do you remember my class went on a field trip to the zoo last week? 83

84 Answers & Explanations M : Yes. You said your students had a great time. W: They really did. So I want to make something with the photos and videos from the trip. M : Ah, so you re making a video clip with them! W: Exactly. I d like to give a copy of it to my students. M : I think your students will be happy to see it. Parker Brown insert video clip Don t mention it go on a field trip Exactly. in that case M : I ve been busy all day, so I feel exhausted. What s for dinner tonight? W: Oh, I thought it was your turn to cook today. M : Oh, dear. I completely forgot. You re right, it s my turn tonight! W: [Teasingly] So what s for dinner, honey? M : Well. I don t know what I should cook. I m afraid I can t cook tonight. I m too tired. W: Then how about eating out? I don t mind. M : Yes, if that s okay with you. But there aren t any good restaurants around here, are there? W: Yes, there is. I heard the new Chinese restaurant is great. Janet 19. M : I m home, Janet. W: You re a bit late, honey. What happened? M : Nothing much. There was just a traffic jam. W: Did you have a good day at the office? traffic jam exhausted turn completely teasingly eat out do the dishes reserve in advance 84

85 ~22. M : Chris is a car mechanic. He checks the engine of Ms. Taylor s car, which hasn t been working properly. He finds it was caused by a worn-out part. He replaces the part, and the problem is solved. But he discovers another problem: The two front tires are too old. He checks them and finds they were made six years ago. Tires should be changed every three or four years. If she keeps driving her car in this condition, the tires may blow up and cause an accident. Chris decides to offer her a suggestion on how to avoid this risk. In this situation, what would Chris most likely say to Ms. Taylor? Chris : You should change the old front tires. Chris Taylor 6 3~4 Chris Chris Taylor Chris Chris Taylor Taylor Chris Taylor car mechanic check properly worn-out replace condition blow up suggestion auto repair shop flat tire W: Attention, everyone. We ve had a really tight schedule so far on our trip. I m sure you ve been having a great time, though. Now we need to get some rest for tomorrow. This is our last destination for the day, Peace Resort. As your tour guide, let me briefly tell you about this resort you re staying at tonight. All the rooms are air-conditioned and you can request wakeup calls. Dining options include a restaurant and a cafe that sells coffee brewed from beans grown in this region. Recreational facilities include a fitness center, an outdoor swimming pool, an indoor golf range, and a hot spring. There are also a dry cleaner s, a convenience store, and a gift shop. Please rest well and I ll see you tomorrow morning. Good night. Peace Resort tight so far destination briefly air-conditioned request wake-up call dining 85

86 Answers option brew bean region recreational facilities fitness center outdoor indoor golf range hot spring dry cleaner s convenience store gift shop 23. & Explanations in the midst of instinct scream shed (-shed-shed) severe obviously win hands down toddler insulted settle a matter of minutes disagreement disagreeable interfere impartial effective referee save face 24. Cummings Jennifer Hedge Chris Smith Unless [blood is being shed] or [the fight is getting particularly severe] or [one of the children is older and is obviously winning hands down], let the children solve their own problems. [blood ~], [the fight ~], [one ~] Unless or let the children solve let solve let Toddlers aren t necessarily polite to one another. all, always, both, entirely, necessarily Cummings ~, I feel that this position provides an ideal opportunity for me to pursue my goals. for me to pursue to pursue an ideal opportunity I have no doubt that you will find a qualified instructor to fill your vacancy, as you manage an 86

87 excellent facility for children. as [whatever ~] about preschool instructor position as well as mention prime obtain full-time accept provide pursue qualified vacancy manage facility endeavor 25. One piece of advice is to treat with the same thoughtful consideration that you do letters or memos you send out. It s all too common for someone [to sit at his or her desk, make an message on the computer, and then fire it off to the recipient]. It [to sit ~] for someone to to sit, make, fire When you re calmer about [whatever triggered your wrath], go back and read the to see if it s one you really want to send. immediacy tempting fire off to recipient in response to anger resist urge type out save draft trigger wrath 26. Each new skill [they learn] can be an excuse to celebrate! [they ~] Each new skill can be involve muscle burn up amount particularly in addition to contribution well-being excuse 87

88 Answers celebrate positive meet challenge 27. & Explanations Detroit JPEG TIFF CD USB Kids Together Kids Together Judy Thomson A limit of nine photos per entrant can be entered into the contest with a limit of three per category Children attend a two-hour session either in the morning or in the afternoon. 4 This photo contest is a good opportunity for you to capture and share the precious moments of your life. to capture and share a good opportunity for you to Children attend a two-hour session either in the morning or in the afternoon. either A or B A B in the morning B in the afternoon capture precious creativity timeline deadline submission announcement entrant category format accept deliver preschool curriculum reflect developmental stage learning emotional physical intellectual involvement provide 88

89 option run attend session registration maximum 29. race name tag check-in distinguish A from B available document vaccination up-to-date on a leash at all times cover registration on-site B Memorial Park On-site Registration: November 28, 9:00 9:30 a.m., Race starts at 10:00 a.m. 30 Dogs and their owners choose on the day of the race to run either 5 kilometers or 10 kilometers. to run choose Dog owners must show documents [that their dog s vaccinations are up-to-date] and dogs must be on a leash at all times. [that ~] documents delight owner % % X % % 6% 11% 7% 11% % % G.I. 6% 5% [While the percentage of bloggers decreased in Millennials], it increased in all the other generations without exception. While it the percentage of bloggers blogging generation decline exception likewise period respectively 89

90 Answers T 31. ips & Explanations Millennial Generation Generation X Baby Boom Generation Silent Generation G.I. Generation Generation Y Strauss-Howe generation theory (A) the fish what the fish that (B) the bird declare was declared (C) areas almost most That affected the pelicans eggs, [thinning their shells so that they broke in the nests]. [thinning ~ ] Fortunately, the pesticides involved were then banned, allowing the pelicans to make a dramatic recovery, ~. allowing allow to population suffer massive decline accumulate pesticide poison food chain concentrate affect thin range slump declare endangered species involved ban dramatic former 32. (A) instruct stimulate (B) independent conservative (C) available scarce In fact, if they received directions [that {they knew} 90

91 would produce a low-quality product], they carried them out anyway. [that ~] directions {they knew} That was how the management-employee relationship worked. how That was how In that way employee minute-by-minute specific productivity budget 34. Michigan Alice Alice Alice Alice Alice Alice Alice Alice blinked her eyes and cheerfully gulped the air as if she could draw the whole blue world inside her and keep it forever. as if ~, a good brain-training program can [improve working memory] and [boost general problem-solving ability], ~. and [improve ~] [boost ~] ~ a good brain-training program is an effective way [to boost intelligence levels] to [to boost ~] an effective way carry out improve working memory boost general intelligence subject cognitive workout performance effective unpack settle into cottage shiver course through kick off inch forward grasp blink

92 Answers & Explanations gravity-defying foot behavior Really? That s wonderful! ~, his left foot, [which had been resting flat on the ground], changed position. his left foot changed [which ~] his left foot Sure enough, as I walked by I could hear him say, Really? That s wonderful! His feet had already silently said the same thing. could hear had said flat average behavior unnoticed disregard insignificant observer decode ~, the author must evaluate with utmost care [whether a sad ending is truly justified]. [whether ~] evaluate A children s story should allow the child to leave the story with confidence [that the characters will continue successfully in their lives after the end of the story]. that confidence that evaluate utmost considerate inspire entertain frustrated justify appropriate proper gender plot

93 38. (A) (A) (A) For example (B) (B) (B) However ~, some of the things that athletes do in contact sports would be classified as felony assault if they occurred on the streets; boxers would be criminals outside the ring. if ~, and civil lawsuits asking for financial compensation are generally unsuccessful. asking for financial compensation civil lawsuits accept sphere outlaw define criminal contact sports classify felony assault occur arrest normal speeding careless injury criminal charge file civil lawsuit compensation Emotionally, even a toddler can play out many aspects of his or her life, so that he or she becomes more familiar with ~. so that Intellectually, play lets a child [take in new information] and [manipulate it to fit in with what he or she already knows]. and [take ~][manipulate ~] lets a child take manipulate lie in amusement relaxation emotionally toddler aspect familiar with live with intellectually take in manipulate accessible valuable means tendency solitary 93

94 Answers 39. & Explanations It is important, however, that the subject (should) be unaware that he is being observed. It is important[necessary, essential] that should should Nor do they select groups of subjects and set up different experimental conditions. Nor For example, a psychologist [using naturalistic observation to study {how children of different races play together}] would watch groups of children playing in the school yards or parks, ~. [using ~] a psychologist would watch{how ~} If the children were aware that a strange adult was watching, they might behave differently than they ordinarily would. If would/ should/could/might subject unaware observe method researcher naturalistic observation laboratory manipulate experimental condition frequently maternal psychologist keep ~ at a distance detect ordinarily Brian Murphy 3 Evelyn (C) Brian (B) Brian Evelyn (A) Evelyn Brian Evelyn Evelyn 3 (C) (B) (A) A Brian asked Evelyn if the Little People could keep her company in bed while Daddy worked out to stay healthy. if if while C Who can resist such a request? Nobody can resist such a request. C Brian didn t want his daughter to think [Daddy loves exercising more than her]. [Daddy ~] think that 94

95 go downstairs work out (= exercise) keep ~ company at the same time resist request 41~ It is known [that the very best salespeople continue to have this anxiety throughout their careers]. It [that ~] He will actually see himself in the starting blocks and will run the race in his mind s eye, examining all possibilities. see himself examining During my training period, when we reached his prospect s home or office he started whistling a wellknown tune from the time [he locked his car] to the precise moment [that he rang the client s bell]. from A to B A B [he ~] [that ~] the time the precise moment the time when that when prospect performer athlete frightened stage fright anxiety career track meet (= potential buyer) distance runner mental practice loosen up starting block in one s mind s eye examine possibility rain or shine in the same way go over get rid of supervisor amaze whistle tune precise presentation catch on 43~45. A 95

96 Answers & Explanations 65 D 45 Mae Mai Mae Mai Mae Mai C B Mae Mai Mae Mai Mae Mai 43. Mae Mai (D) (C) Mae Mai (B) (D) (C) (B) helping one another when I traveled in Thailand. of helping unrelated elephants helping B ~, Mae Mai got in the way and wouldn t let the wood anywhere near her dead friend. would D Mae Mai not only attempted to lift the fallen female with the mahouts and with another elephant, but she got alongside the old female, and with her head, tried to push her up. A B not only A but (also) B incredible unrelated volunteer alike frame get in the way wander at the top of one s voice herd respond frustrated rumbling be committed to doing uncontrollable in the meantime companion tempt attempt 44. (a)(b)(c)(d) Mae Mai (e) 45. (B) When the mahouts tried to take down a large wooden frame used to raise the old female, Mae Mai got in the way and wouldn t let the wood anywhere near her dead friend. Mae Mai A I saw an incredible act of unrelated elephants 96

97 1. M : Do you carry toner cartridges for color printers here? W: Sure. Please tell me the model number of your printer. M : It s a KM Laserjet I d like two cartridges, please. W: Oh, I m sorry. There s only one left. 2 KM ~ M : Sounds great. That would be really helpful for both of M : us. be done enough Me, neither. review enough is enough 3. carry toner cartridge speedy delivery out of order M : Here s a little gift for you, Jennifer. Why don t you open it up now? W: A gift for me? [Pause] Wow, gloves! How did you know I needed them? M : Last week you told me you had lost your gloves. W: You remembered? You re so sweet. Jennifer 2. W: Have you finished studying for the science exam? M : I m almost done, but I don t think I ve done enough. W: Me, neither. How about reviewing the textbook together? 10 97

98 Answers & Explanations gift sweet a pair of gloves tight That s a real bargain. Weight Lifting Stadium cross parking lot next to It s my pleasure M : Excuse me. Could you tell me where the Weight Lifting Stadium is? W: Are you going to the music concert? M : Yes, but I m not sure where the stadium is. W: Don t worry. Can you see that bridge there? M : Yes. Do I have to cross it? W: Yes. Then turn right, and you ll see a stadium. M : That s not too far. W: No, that s not it. That s the Handball Stadium. M : Should I keep going past the Handball Stadium? W: Yes. Go straight for a while until you see another stadium near a parking lot. That s the stadium you re looking for. M : So, it s the stadium next to the parking lot. Thank you for helping me. W: It s my pleasure. Have a great time. M : Attention, customers of ABC Bookstore. As you know, we hold a free event for our readers every month. This Saturday, July 13th, we re inviting you to join us for a book signing event with Edna Kim, the author of the bestseller Always Dance with Me. Can you believe such a famous author is coming to our city? This is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to meet her in person. You can also buy her new book On the Way to Eternity, and get her autograph. This event starts at 3:00 p.m. and ends at 5:00 p.m. on Saturday. We hope many readers come and have an unforgettable experience with this world famous author. Thank you. ABC 7 13 Always Dance with Me Edna Kim On the Way to Eternity 3 5 ABC customer hold book signing event famous once-in-a-lifetime opportunity in person eternity autograph unforgettable 98

99 W: Hi, Tom. Can I use your cell phone? I need to call my mom, but I left mine at home. M : Hmm. Sandy, I don t have my cell phone, either. W: Why? What happened? M : Today I was caught using my cell phone in math class. W: Really? What were you doing with it? M : I was replying to a text message from one of my friends. W: Your math teacher must have been angry with you. M : Yeah. It was my fault. W: Then, your math teacher has your cell phone now, right? M : Yeah. He said he would give it back to me after school. W: You shouldn t use a cell phone in class because it distracts you from the lesson. M : Yeah, I won t do that again. W: Well, I ll go ask Jim to let me use his cell phone. Tom Sandy Jim be caught doing reply text message distract M : Hello, everyone. We re going to talk about trust today. Have you ever heard of the old proverb, Every stranger is a thief? This pessimistic attitude toward people may help us avoid the possible risks involved with strangers. However, people who believe this proverb lose something valuable. They don t give themselves a chance to learn much because they never trust anyone they don t know. According to a recent study, people who have a strong tendency to trust learn more from their experience and develop better skills at detecting lies. What do we learn from these results? By trusting, we learn more and we can make better decisions in the future. proverb pessimistic attitude risk involved with valuable according to recent tendency detect 8 M : Oh, these pictures are from your trip to China, Ms. 99

100 Answers & Explanations Lee, right? W: Yes. I took about 1,000 pictures there. M : Wow! That s a lot. By the way, how do you organize pictures? W: I make twelve picture folders on my computer, one for each month. M : That s a good idea, but isn t it difficult to find specific pictures? W: It s difficult. Do you have a better idea on how to organize my pictures? M : I use a program that manages picture files. W: What is it? M : It s Picture Manager. You just put files into the program. W: Is it easy to use? M : Yes. The program shows each file by date on a calendar screen. You just click on an exact date to find your picture. W: Wow, it sounds very convenient. Lee 1, Picture Manager M : Well, I m preparing for the driver s license test, Ms. Taylor. W: Oh, really? When are you going to take the test? M : Tomorrow. Right after our midterm exam. W: This is your first time taking the test, isn t it? M : No, it s my second. I failed the first time. W: You must have been nervous then. Did you practice a lot for the test this time? M : Yes, I did. I believe I ll pass this time. W: You sound very sure of yourself. M : I practiced as much as I could and I know why I failed before. W: Oh, so you won t make the same mistake twice. M : That s right, Ms. Taylor. Tom Taylor Taylor rush driver s license midterm exam organize manage by date W: Tom, you seem very busy these days. You rush away right after school. W: Honey, this is the cover of the new book I m publishing. Would you look at it? M : Sure. As usual, you put the title Good Eating Plan at the top and your name Mary Ross under the title. W: Yes. M : It looks nice. 100

101 W: Thank you. What do you think of the woman? M : I m not sure I like the woman s hair touching her shoulders. W: Doesn t it look natural? M : I think a short hairstyle would fit better with the message of your book. I d like her hair to come only down to her ears. W: That sounds reasonable. I ll make the change you suggested. M : Oh, the woman is holding a bowl of soup in her right hand and a hamburger in her left hand. What does that mean? W: The equal sign between her hands shows that the two foods have the same number of calories. M : That s another good way of showing your message. W: Thank you. Good Eating Plan Mary Ross cover publish as usual fit reasonable suggest equal sign 11. W: Dan, did you finish cleaning up your room? M : Yes, Mom. W: Good. Now you may go to your club meeting. M : It s been put off until later. W: I see. Why are you holding that shirt? M : A button came off this shirt as I was putting it on. W: That s strange. We only bought it a week ago. M : Yes. It also looks like the other buttons are going to come off. W: Give it to me. I ll sew on the buttons again. M : Thank you, Mom. I ll go get the sewing box. W: Thanks. It s in the closet. Dan put off come off put on sew 12. USB M : What are you doing, Susan? W: Oh, hello, Jack. I m about to format my computer, but I have a problem. M : What is it? W: I need to back up my data somewhere else, but I left my USB flash drive at home. Do you possibly have one with you? M : Yes, but I m not sure if it has enough room for your data. W: How much available space does it have? M : It has about 30 gigabytes. W: That s enough. I have much less than 30 gigabytes of 101

102 Answers & Explanations data. Could you lend it to me? M : Sure, here you are. W: Thank you, Jack. M : You re welcome. Oh, you can use my computer while your computer is being formatted. W: You re so kind. Susan Jack USB USB Jack USB USB USB format back up possibly room available 13. T ips USB USB USB in your case. M : What is it? W: Walking has helped you lose weight. M : Definitely. Also, compared with other exercise, walking is not dangerous at all. W: That makes sense. We can walk anywhere and anytime. M : That s right. And we don t have to spend a lot of money on equipment for walking. W: Wow, walking has so many advantages! M : Yeah. So, how about trying walking? W: Good idea. I ll start right now! Richard Gloria thanks to regular exercise routine advantage for sure lose weight definitely compared with equipment W: Richard, you ve changed a lot. What happened to you? M : Oh, Gloria. It s all thanks to my regular exercise routine. W: Really? What kind of exercise do you do? M : I walk regularly. I found walking has many advantages. W: I don t know much about that, but one thing is for sure 14. M : It s been a week since you started working here as the 102

103 manager, Betty. How are you doing? W: I m fine, Mr. Bates. Everyone in the office is treating me well. M : Good for you. W: Yes. Is that what you wanted to see me about? M : No. I d like you to tell the staff that I m planning to rearrange the desks in the office next week. W: Do you mind if I ask why? M : Currently, the desks are arranged so that we can t see each other well. I d like to move the desks so that we re facing each other. W: Good idea. That ll make it easier for us to communicate with each other. M : That s right. Would you tell the staff that we ll discuss this matter at the meeting tomorrow morning? W: Okay. I ll ask them to bring any suggestions about the new arrangements to the meeting, too. M : Good idea. Betty. Bates treat rearrange face communicate matter 15. [Telephone rings.] W: Smile Stationery Store. M : Hello. This is Clark Benson. I m a teacher at Sunshine High School. W: Oh, Mr. Benson. What can I do for you? M : I d like to order some flashlights for a class camping trip. W: Okay. We have three kinds of flashlights that are good for students. M : How much are they? W: They are $5, $10, and $15 each. I d like to recommend the ten-dollar flashlight. M : Okay. I ll take twenty of them. Are they available now? W: Sure. I ll give you a 10% discount if you purchase twenty. M : Oh, thank you. Can you deliver them by 2:00 p.m. today? W: Of course. Thank you for your purchase. M : Not at all. I look forward to receiving them. Smile Clark Benson Sunshine Benson stationery store order 103

104 Answers & Explanations flashlight recommend deliver Boston Music Camp M : Hello, everyone. Boston Music Camp is celebrating its 20th anniversary this year. We re one of the oldest music camps in the world. Each year, about 200 participants attend the camp. They come not only from our country but also from around the world. This fiveweek camp is designed for high school students. So if you re not a high school student, you re not permitted to register. All campers are recommended to take part in the camp concert on the last day of the camp, but if you don t want to, you don t have to. For registration, participants must have at least six months experience of playing a musical instrument. For more information, visit our website, Boston W: Honey, what are you doing? M : I m purchasing an electric fan online. I want to get one before summer starts. W: If we use an electric fan instead of an air conditioner, we can save a lot of energy. M : Sure. Look! Here s a list of electric fans. W: Let me see. M : Which do you like better, stand type or tower type? W: The tower type would be safer for Kevin. M : I think so, too. Which color do you like? W: The white one looks better to me. I think it ll feel cooler than a black one. M : Okay. And I think the one with a remote control would be better. W: Me, too. Then let s buy this one. M : Good. I ll go and get my credit card. Kevin if you don t want to, you don t have to celebrate anniversary participant attend design permit register recommend registration musical instrument electric fan instead of remote control

105 [Telephone rings.] W: Wilson Electronics. May I help you? M : Hello? This is Jerry Thompson. W: Oh, Mr. Thompson. Did you receive the contract I sent to you this morning? M : Yes. Actually, I m calling about that. W: Is there a problem with it? M : Yes. I m afraid the delivery date is wrong. W: Oh, dear. Could you be more specific, please? M : You promised to deliver the printers by the end of May. But the contract you sent to me says the date is the end of June. W: Oh, sorry. That s my fault. I ll revise the contract and send it to you again. M : Thanks. I d like to get it as soon as possible. W: No problem. Sorry again for the inconvenience. Wilson Jerry Thompson Thompson 5 6 receive contract delivery promise fault revise cancel order inconvenience 19. W: Michael, what are you doing in the living room? M : I m reading today s newspaper. W: Are you watching TV, too? M : No, not now. My favorite show starts in 10 minutes. W: Why don t you turn off the TV if you re not watching it now, dear? M : Okay, Mom. I ll turn it back on when it s time for my show to start. W: Michael, the computer in your room is also on. M : Oh, I m just taking a break from working on my report. W: But, if you watch your favorite show, you won t use the computer for at least one hour, right? M : You re right, Mom. I ll turn it off right now. W: Michael, we need to save electricity. Don t you remember the major blackout last summer? M : I do. I ll be more careful from now on. Michael 10 Michael Michael Michael, we need to save electricity. Don t you remember the major blackout last summer? 105

106 Answers & Explanations favorite at least electricity major blackout 20. W: When Chris wakes up this morning, he s too sick to get out of bed. He has caught the flu. He calls his manager and explains his situation to him. Fortunately, his manager allows him to stay at home to rest. As soon as he hangs up the phone, he suddenly remembers his appointment with his co-worker, Mary. He was going to help her make a sales report. He calls Mary and tells her that he can t go to work because he s sick with the flu. Mary fully understands his situation and wants to make him feel at ease. In this situation, what would Mary most likely say to Chris? Mary : Don t worry. I can do it by myself. Chris Mary Mary Mary Mary Chris Mary Chris Mary Mary Chris Mary flu explain situation allow hang up suddenly appointment co-worker sales report at ease 21~22. W: Karl, let s go to the city library together this Saturday. M : You haven t heard the news yet? W: What news? M : Our city closed the central library, so we can t use it anymore. W: I didn t know that. Actually, the library was too old. I think it d be better for the city to build a new one for our safety. M : I m afraid you may not see a new library. W: What do you mean? M : The city is planning to build a big sports center instead of a new library. W: No way! Then there ll be only one public library left in our city. M : You re right. They should invest in libraries for our future. W: Is there any way to tell the city how we feel? M : Fortunately, the city opened a website to ask our opinions on this issue. W: Oh, really? Why don t we send them our thoughts right now? M : Okay. Let s log on to the website and voice our opinions. Karl 106

107 21. No way! Then there ll be only one public library left in our city. They should invest in libraries for our future. 22. close safety public opinion issue voice TV You feel this pressure build and build. And no matter how much you do your best to avoid the issue, the longer you do, the more that pressure intensifies. no matter how ~ innocently put off seemingly chore hang out with pile up pressure intensify conscience 24. Green 3 Peggy Miller Peggy James Brown Peggy Miller 3 That s one of the reasons [we continue to do business with your company]. [we ~] the reasons the reasons we why ~, but she s been so consistently outstanding that I just couldn t help myself. so ~ that renew contract copy machine lasting compliment service representative have good manners handle confidence 107

108 & Answers Explanations consistently outstanding can t help oneself 25. prosperity plentiful unsatisfying be compelled to do consequently fire 26. Gordon Bower One of the most pressing problems [organizations face today] is how to motivate employees to work more productively. [organizations ~] the most pressing problems In times of severe economic depression [when jobs were extremely difficult to find], ~. [when ~] times of severe economic depression People are not forced to remain at unsatisfying jobs, nor are they compelled to work hard at jobs they don t like. nor pressing motivate productively motivation primary economic depression survival provide prime mover Office workers know [that {filing information in alphabetical order} provides easier retrieval than {storing it in no particular order}]. [that ~] know {filing ~} {storing ~} The greater the organization the learner can impose on the material, the better the recall. the the One group studied slides which presented the words in the form of a tree diagram. The other group studied lists from slides which presented the words in random order. one the other The group [learning the organized words from a tree pattern] recalled significantly more words than the group [learning randomly patterned words] [learning the ] [learning randomly ~] The group the group The group recalled file alphabetica 108

109 order store particular similarly pattern organize recall facilitate organization impose A on B B conduct experiment illustrate phenomenon subject require present diagram random significantly Orlando Men s Chorus is a chorus for men [who love to sing modern popular songs from The Beatles to Abba, Boys II Men to Robbie Williams]. [who ~] men The ability to read music is not necessary, just a good ear! to read music The ability notice chorus be scheduled to do choir necessary good ear rehearsal performance book 27. Orlando Green Culture Center Orlando The Beatles AbbaBoys II Men Robbie Williams Orlando Orlando It s the Most Wonderful Time of the Year Andy Williams Here Comes the Sun The Beatles Believe Josh Groban The Winner Takes It All Abba ~ ~10 Green Culture Center [email protected] (852) Burrell Burrell East Road Tea Room Orlando Men s Chorus is scheduled to perform with the Orlando Women s Choir. The maximum number of books to be checked out is six. to be checked out The maximum number of books 109

110 Answers & Explanations The maximum number is Any borrower [who fails to return a book] shall be fined 50 cents per day it is late. [who ~] Any borrower locate on foot loan renewal maximum check out fine marking material forbid(-forbade-forbidden) portable permit designate 29. Angel Angel 2 3~ [email protected] Volunteering will be done at the hospital s main building. Attendance is very important in issuing a volunteering certificate. in -ing We re unable to accommodate volunteers [who want shorter assignment periods]. [who ~] volunteers volunteer application all year round currently enroll staff assignment contact supportive typically attendance issue certificate transportation commitment minimum initial accommodate period additional In 2004, the volume of apple production decreased 110

111 sharply from about 325 thousand tons in 2003 to about 260 thousand tons and recovered roughly to the level of 2003 in the volume of apple production decreased recovered and The narrowest production gap between apples and pears appeared in The narrowest production gap appeared production volume around decrease sharply roughly appear decline peak (A) working The people are (B) stop to going (C) made Even though the ice cream is delicious, it s not worth the time [it takes to get it]. it takesto [it ~] the time Any customer [who is made to wait an unreasonable amount of time before being served] often comes to the same conclusion. [who ~] Any customer comes residence server among themselves scoop in the middle of fill focus on similar negative delicious unreasonable amount conclusion (A) annoying (B) worked (C) acknowledged In all the years I knew him, I can t recall this doctor ever getting anywhere on time himself. getting this doctor getting recall He was even 20 minutes late one morning picking 111

112 Answers & Explanations me up at my hotel so I could go and teach a time management seminar to his staff! so (that) ~ can[could] I gave up on the idea of going into Grandpa and Grandma Tiny s room. of the idea going client practice rather particularly annoying rely on punctual habitually fall behind paperwork punishment reward recall pick ~ up management incredibly acknowledge obvious 33. Tiny Tiny tempt lie -lay-lain for a while be about to do spy ghostly figure drift beat rocking chair creak funny snip rustle give up on 34. I I Just when I was about to run fast to them, I spied a tall, thin, ghostly white figure drifting into the room. spy -ing spy a tall, thin, ghostly white figure drifting It means, If you loved me, you d take me out to dinner. If would[should/could/ 112

113 might] This message seems so obvious that most wives assume it doesn t need to be spoken. so ~ that kick off fling couch groan awful audience option predictably assume technically coded is the occasional head-punt in a game A pair of studies [conducted in Norway and in the United States] compared the mental functioning of large groups of adult soccer players to adults of similar age and circumstances [who did not play soccer]. [conducted ~] A pair of studies A B compare A to B [who ] adults of similar age and circumstances In the U.S. study, attention and concentration deficits were significantly more common among those who headed the ball most often. those who academy pediatrics repetitive bottom line forward defensive concern pediatrician occasional conduct compare A to B functioning circumstance impairment attention concentration range mild severe deficit B significantly do harm pay off T ips Heading drills, [in which a child s head is knocked repeatedly], as happens with forward and defensive players, are of greater concern to pediatricians than is the occasional head-punt in a game. [in which ~] Heading drills arethan is

114 Answers In the construction industry, for instance, businesses [that have an ongoing working relationship] often end up in a lawsuit. [that ~] businesses end up In such situations, settling a dispute quickly and fairly may be far more important than the precise terms of any settlement. settling a dispute quickly and fairly may befar more important put oneself in another person s shoes pressure construction ongoing end up lawsuit settle dispute precise terms settlement mediation perception therapist destructive pattern interaction third party figure out & Explanations 37. (A) For example (B) however ~, and rarely will anyone get four slips. rarely On some occasions, I will ask the child to step out in the hall, ~. ask to give out slip behave immediate conference severity occasion interrupt every now and then at a moment s notice

115 Harvard In China, older people are still generally revered for their wisdom and old age does not have the same negative connotations that it does in the West. does have However, the older Americans were outperformed by the older Chinese, who had a much more positive attitude to aging. outperform outperform revere negative compare ~ with performance difference outperform positive attitude aging fade decline similarly outlook 39. Corinne Corinne Corinne Corinne Corinne In fact, Corinne s lack of eye contact was the result of a technique [she had been taught at college to combat nervousness when speaking in public]. she that which [she ~] a technique What she never realized, however, was that it kept her from being an effective communicator. keep from -ing session disconnected self-focused indifferent combat effective calm down cue approving nod 40. Vermont Joe A C B Joe 115

116 Answers & Explanations Joe AA A C Joe B B C B If you look around you, you can find a place [where help is needed]. [where ~] a place B ~, Joe spread the word [that he d take in unwanted, nonrunning cars]. the word [that ~] auto repair shop local buddy desperately get off welfare community service unwanted donate public transportation 41~ You might [explain to the receptionist what happened to you] and [secure from her a key to a washroom]. and [explain ~][secure ~] what happened to you explain The interviewers will be treated to [your healthy sense of humor], [your unflappable nature], [your ability to put matters into their proper proportion], and [your professionalism]: nothing could stop you from getting to this interview. and [your healthy ~], [your unflappable ~], [your ability ~], [your professionalism] to churn splatter desirable turn ~ to one s advantage duck tidy up splash secure circumstance announce 116

117 narrate appearance postpone inconvenience treat ~ to proper proportion professionalism crisis opportunity misfortune stick to physical appearance ruin 43~45. Oreste Pinto Emile Boulanger AOreste Pinto 2 Emile Boulanger Pinto Boulanger DBoulanger Feuer! Boulanger Pinto B Pinto Boulanger Boulanger Boulanger Pinto Boulanger C Boulanger Pinto Pinto Boulanger Boulanger Pinto D B C Boulanger A D B C 44. Boulanger b his Pinto Boulanger 45. C Boulanger A He was convinced that Emile Boulanger, a man he d met for routine questioning, was ~. be convinced that that C Only then did he realize his terrible, stupid mistake. only Only then) did he realize convince routine questioning claim catch out occasion make arrangements to do firing squad instinct relief stupid blow one s cover cell ignore other than roll over attempt 43. A Pinto Boulanger B DB On another occasion 117

118 Answers 1. M : Could I ask you a few questions about math, Ms. Cohen? W: I m afraid not, Kevin. I have a meeting with the principal now. M : Then when should I come back to see you? W: How about coming around 1 o clock? 1 principal at the moment 2. & Explanations 3 W: I d like to return this book. 32~ Cohen Kevin 1 M : Let s see. I m afraid it s three days overdue. You ll have to pay a late fee. W: How much is the fee? M : We charge a dollar per day overdue late fee currently budget in advance 3. M : Oh, Emily. I ve been looking for you. Please help me out with my homework. W: Sorry, but I m also busy with my homework now. M : Please, Emily! I really need your help. W: Okay, but let me finish mine first. Emily. Emily! mean turn in Not at all

119 [Cell phone rings.] M : Hello, Natalie, I m at the entrance of the building. Where should I go to get to the seminar room? W: It s room 105A. M : Well, I m inside the building now, but I can t find room 105A. W: Can you see a large round lobby? M : Yes. W: Then you ll see some stairs in the middle of the lobby. There are elevators to the right of the stairs. M : Shall I take the elevator? W: No, go straight between the stairs and the elevators. Then you ll see the door to the seminar room. If you re facing the restrooms, it s on the left side. M : All right. I ll see you soon. Natalie A entrance lobby stairs restroom 5. Big Pumpkin M : May I have your attention, please? Thank you for coming to the Big Pumpkin Festival today! We really appreciate your support and interest. But there has been a change regarding the concert. The concert was to originally take place on the school field at 4:00 p.m., but due to the rainy weather, the concert is being moved indoors. The concert will now be held in the school auditorium. For those of you who have concert tickets, please head toward the auditorium at this time. If you have any questions, please come to the information desk. Big Pumpkin 4 But there has been a change regarding the concert. attention regarding originally take place auditorium 6. W: What are you looking at, John? M : My midterm report card, Mom. I didn t get good grades this time. W: That s okay, but do you think you did your best? M : Yes, I do. But I don t know why I did badly on the exam. W: Then I want to ask you about your study habits. M : My study habits? Like what? W: I saw you listening to music with earphones on while studying. M : It s just a habit. Do you think it can disturb my studies? W: I think so. You can get easily distracted by music. I advise you to study without listening to music from now on. M : Will it work? W: Yeah, it ll help improve your concentration. M : Okay. I ll follow your advice, Mom. John 119

120 Answers & Explanations I advise you to study without listening to music from now on. midterm report card grade do one s best do badly on the exam study habit disturb get distracted from now on work improve concentration 7. W: You ve stayed up all night to finish a 10-page essay for school when suddenly your computer shuts down on you. You find yourself in a state of panic and immediately blame yourself for doing something wrong. But you quickly realize you recently updated your anti-virus program and even emptied your hard drive for more memory. So you re puzzled about what happened and wonder what could possibly have shut down the computer. Well, to your surprise, it s DUST. Yes, dust gets into the computer and sticks to your power supply, which prevents the flow of air. So you need to do a little spring cleaning on your computers by lifting the cover and cleaning out the dirt particles. This is something that hardly anyone thinks of doing, but it s essential to keep your computer running smoothly. 10 shut down panic blame update empty puzzle stick power supply prevent flow spring cleaning particle essential 8. M : I can t believe what our team leader said to you, Rose. W: I don t know what to say. I did hand the sales report to him. M : I saw it clearly with my own eyes. The report is now missing, and he says he didn t receive it. W: He often behaves like that. M : A good leader should acknowledge his mistakes and say sorry. W: That s what I expect from him. M : I know he s a very good person, but he s too stubborn to admit his mistakes. W: Anyway, let s find the report. It must be somewhere in 120

121 the office. M : Okay. Don t be too depressed. I ll help you find it. W: Thank you. Rose A good leader should acknowledge his mistakes and say sorry. hand sales report missing behave acknowledge expect stubborn admit depressed that we have a party of 20 for lunch so we ll be very busy. M : Got it. Do we have a lot of customers who don t make reservations? W: Of course. There s an average of 80 customers during lunch time. M : I see. When is the main chef coming in? W: He ll be here soon. Make sure you take care of all the vegetables before he gets here. Tim Grant Sandra Wells M : Hello, I m Tim Grant. W: Oh, you re the new assistant. I m Sandra Wells. M : It s nice to meet you. W: Nice to meet you, too. Since we re busy now, why don t we get started? M : All right. Where should I start? W: First, put on a chef s hat for sanitary reasons. Then, please get some potatoes and onions from the food storage room. M : [Pause] Here you go. W: Great. Please peel the potatoes. The manager told me assistant chef sanitary storage peel reservation average cooking school 10. T ips cook chef cook chef 121

122 Answers & Explanations M : What s that, Amy? W: It s a photo we took on a family hike to Mt. Lou last week. M : Wasn t it freezing out there? W: It really was. But luckily, we could see the sun rise. Look at the beautiful sun. M : Great! The woman wearing a cap is your mother, isn t she? W: Yeah. My father is right next to her. He s wearing glasses. M : And you and your younger brothers are all waving, right? W: Yes. We woke up at 4 a.m. and walked up the mountain for two hours. M : Oh, that must have been tough. How high is the mountain? W: Look at this big round rock. It says the mountain is 740 meters high. M : I see. The pile of stones looks nice, too. W: I put a small stone on top of it and made a secret wish. M : It looks like you had a great time with your family. Amy Lou M : Oh, you re looking at an audition notice for a rock band. Are you interested in it? W: Not me. My brother is. He plays the drums in a rock band. M : Is his rock band going to participate in the audition? W: Yes. But the problem is that their guitarist broke his arm last week. M : Oh, no! He can t play the guitar then. W: So the band leader is trying to get a new guitarist as soon as possible. M : Hmm. Do you think I could meet him? W: Why? Do you play the guitar? M : Yes. I m actually not that bad. And I ve wanted to join a band for a long time. W: Great! I ll ask my brother to tell me the band leader s cell phone number and let you know it soon. M : Thanks. I hope I ll get the opportunity to play with their band. Amy hike freezing luckily next to wave tough a pile of stones make a wish audition notice 122

123 participate in actually opportunity M : Where is Congo, Mom? W: It s a country in Africa. Why do you ask? M : On TV, I saw a Congolese girl who has never been to school. W: You must have seen her in the program Heart for African Children. M : Yes. Her family s so poor she has almost nothing to eat. W: Did you feel sorry for her? M : Yes, I did. So I d like to donate all the money I receive each month to that program. Could you do that for me, Mom? W: Of course. But how about giving half of your allowance? You need some for yourself, don t you? M : No, I really want to help those African children. W: Okay. I m very proud of you. TV Heart for African Children TV Congolese feel sorry for donate allowance [Telephone rings.] M : Glory Bookstore. How can I help you? W: I ordered two books online and received them this morning. But there s a mistake with one of them. M : Okay. May I have your name, please? W: Yes. My name is Christine Pearl. M : Let me check. [Keyboard typing sound] You ordered a novel and a cookbook, right? W: Yes. The problem is that the novel I received is not the one I ordered. M : Oh, I m sorry about that. What s the title of the book you received? W: It s Out of Mind. What I ordered is Out of Time by Karl Smith. M : I apologize for the error. We ll send the book to you right away. W: What shall I do with the book I have now? M : Could you please return it to us by mail? We ll pay for the postage. W: Okay. I ll mail it back to you today. Glory Christine Pearl Out of Mind Karl Smith Out of Time order 123

124 Answers cookbook apologize fo error mail postage 14. & Explanations [Cell phone rings.] M : Hello. Mom. I m sorry for being late. But I can explain everything. W: Mike, there s no excuse for being so late. M : Mom, just listen to what happened. W: Okay, where are you now? M : I m on Elizabeth Street. While I was walking home, I saw a car accident. W: Oh my! Was anybody hurt? M : Yes, but not badly. And the police want me to help them with their investigation. W: Have they talked to you yet? M : Not yet, but they told me to wait. I know I should have called home earlier, but I ve been in a panic. W: Okay, I understand. Don t worry. Come home as soon as you can. Mike Elizabeth 15. [Telephone rings.] M : Peace Homestay Office. How may I help you? W: Hello. I m calling to cancel my reservation. My name is Sally Morgan. M : I see. Just a moment. [Keyboard typing sound] You ve reserved a room for this Saturday, right? W: Yes. I already paid $150 for the room last month. Can I get my money back? M : I m sorry. According to our refund policy, you can only get a 20% refund if you cancel within two days of the check-in date. W: Only 20%? I can t believe it. M : Sorry to tell you this. If you had canceled yesterday, you could ve gotten a 50% refund. W: Oh, well, I couldn t cancel until today. Could you please send the 20% refund to my bank account? M : Okay. I ll do it right now. Peace Homestay Office Sally Morgan excuse hurt investigation panic reservation reserve get back according to refund policy check-in bank account 124

125 M : Attention, students! This announcement is to inform you about the Rainbow Art Contest. All the students of Rainbow High School are eligible to participate in this year s Art Contest. If you want to enter the Art Contest, you can submit creative works such as drawings, paintings, sculptures, as well as graphic or fashion designs. Download an application from our school homepage and turn it in by Friday. Winners will be selected by judges and will receive prize certificates. For more information, please contact the art teacher. Don t miss this opportunity to show off your artistic talents. Thank you! Rainbow Rainbow Winners will be selected by judges and will receive prize certificates. attention announcement inform contest eligible participate in submit drawing painting sculpture application turn ~ in prize certificate opportunity show off M : Hello. I came here to look for an apartment. W: Okay. We have five apartments available. Please look at this table. How many bedrooms do you need? M : I guess one bedroom will be enough for me. W: Do you have a floor preference? M : I d like to have a good view of the city. Do you have apartments higher than the 10th floor? W: We have a few apartments higher than the 10th floor. What about the balcony direction? M : Which direction do you recommend? W: Well, it s up to you. Generally, east is a little bit cheaper than south because of the high heating and cooling cost. M : Hmm. I d prefer the south side, though it s a little bit more expensive. W: All right. I ll show you an apartment. Let s go table floor preference view balcony direction recommend be up to generally heating cooling 125

126 Answers & Explanations M : Sharon, have you started working on your presentation for the history project? W: Not yet. How about you? M : Me, neither. Actually I planned to do it on my own because Mr. Kim said an individual presentation would be okay, but now I think it might be better to do it with a partner. W: Why don t we do it together? M : Good idea! Do you have an interesting topic in mind? W: What about old Korean palaces? We can research them easily. M : Not bad! We also have to prepare reading materials and a presentation file. W: Why don t you prepare the reading materials? I ll make the presentation file. M : Sounds good! Before I talked to you, I was feeling really stressed and burdened but I feel much better now. What is it that people say in situations like this? W: I think it s Many hands make light work. Sharon presentation reading material burdened W: Welcome to Victory Sportswear! M : Could you help me with something? W: Certainly. What can I do for you? M : I d like to return this overcoat. I purchased it last Saturday. W: All right. Do you have the receipt? M : Yes. Here you are. W: Hmm. The receipt says you purchased it last Saturday. So there s no problem returning it. But may I ask why you re returning it? M : Sure. Nowadays it s really freezing out, so I think this is too thin. W: Then, would you like to exchange it for a thicker one? M : No. I d just like a refund. Victory Sportswear return purchase receipt freezing exchange thick refund socks skier 126

127 20. W: Mina and Brian are classmates. They re studying in a self-study room with other students. Mina is studying right next to Brian and trying to focus on her study, but she can t because Brian keeps shaking his legs. However, it seems that it s a habit that helps Brian focus. The motion doesn t make any sound, but to Mina it s really annoying. So, Mina wants to let Brian know this. In this situation, what would Mina most likely say to Brian? Mina: Brian, could you keep your legs from shaking? Brian Brian Brian Brian Brian Brian Brian Brian self-study room habit motion annoying 21~22. M : Good morning, my fellow citizens. I m Oscar Blair, spokesperson of the City of Odessa. As the mayor promised in the election campaign, our city is going green! We ve adopted a new garbage separation system. From now on, all citizens should separate recyclable objects, such as glass bottles, cans, and plastics, from other garbage. Containers for recyclables will be distributed to each household at the end of this month. Please put your recyclable objects into those containers, and place those containers next to your regular garbage whenever they re full, and a truck will come and pick up the recyclable objects. By doing this, you ll help our city become environmentally friendly. Thank you. Odessa Oscar Blair Containers for recyclables will be distributed to each household at the end of this month. fellow citizen spokesperson mayor election campaign adopt garbage separation from now on recyclable container distribute household environmentally friendly

128 Answers & Explanations 19 I can t help wondering [what the outcome might have been if the leaders of the company had taken the time to pause, understand what their experience was trying to teach them, and make changes in the course they were on]. cannot help -ing [what ~] wondering what might have been if had taken Ifhad p.p., would[could/ should/might] have p.p. to pause, understand, make and whip manufacturer introduce carriage out of business outcome pause 24. Crile Bob Lanson 9 20 PC John A. Talbot Would you be willing to come to this meeting as our guest of honor to tell us what you saw in Russia and show us some of your pictures? ~; and it would certainly be interesting and helpful if someone who was actually there could tell us about it. If would if It would be of tremendous interest to the members, ~. of of tremendous interest tremendously interesting fascinating collection regular be willing to do guest of honor tremendous courtesy supply 25. IA. 1 a(1) (a) Background 128

129 ~, even when your readers already knew the background or couldn t care less about it. not care less No matter how well your outline conforms to a predetermined pattern, ~ No matter ever particular regardless of function virtue classic outline structure fit career conform predetermined suit 26. New Jersey Warren MC 2 Paul G. Lewis Lewis MC 2 2 Lewis 700% Lewis ,000 Paul G. Lewis, CEO of MC 2, a computer network design, installation, and support company in Warren, N.J., decided to focus his limited selling time on customers who could sell for him. Paul G. Lewis CEO of MC 2 MC 2 a computer network design, installation, and support company in Warren, N.J. He excelled in his service for his target firms, handed them a stack of his cards when he left, and asked them to recommend MC 2. excelled, handed, asked He afford installation support N.J. New Jersey target accounting firm potential client base excel in stack referral expense revenue pl. 27. Redwood Mountains Redwood Mountains (865) Redwood Mountains The park is a wildland preserving examples of plant and 129

130 Answers & Explanations animal diversity. The park is home to miles and miles of clear mountain streams, great for both trout fishing and swimming on a hot summer day. both A and B B B trout fishing swimming trout wildland preserve operation trail steep rugged 28. courageous sign-up post bulletin board 29. MSU Maple Maple Maple Maple (208) Maple Altoona Charles Nelson My Name Is Mary Peck Altoona Albany 18 It is available from the circulation desk in the Altoona Library Be sure to make the Altoona Book Club your refuge during the holidays! be sure to make the Altoona Book Club your refuge refuge circulation desk on a first-comefirst-served basis Tickets are $10 general, $8 seniors, $4 children. 5 2 Advance purchase is recommended due to a high sellout rate. due to auditorium choral student union advance purchase sellout benefit /10 1/3 1/4 130

131 22% 21% 1/4 25% The largest source of total primary energy consumption was petroleum, which was followed by natural gas and coal. which petroleum and it The second and third largest renewable energy sources consumed were wood and biofuels respectively, and each of them accounted for more than a quarter of renewable energy consumption. them wood biofuels and each of them each of which primary consumption renewable nuclear electric power petroleum natural gas waste biofuel hydroelectric power follow account for respectively quarter 1/4 exactly 31. Joseph Jaworski Jaworski Jaworski Adam disappear is disappeared disappears being listened to the person the person being listened to such such a(an) such cf. soso a(an) how genuinely interested As soon as we left the interviewee s office, I turned to Jaworski and asked him [how he could pretend to be so interested in the man s life and struggles]. as soon as [how ~] asked exceptionally core competence presence boundary impact support centered purposeful conduct as soon as pretend struggle genuinely 32. Ford 1914 Ford Ford Ford Ford Ford Ford 131

132 Answers & Explanations unprofitable profitable The number of workers [willing to work at this wage] far exceeded the number of workers Ford needed. The number exceeded [willing ~] workers Thus, paying a wage above the equilibrium level was profitable for the firm. paying was innovation going wage balance supply demand exceed policy effect predict efficiency theory productivity efficient unprofitable firm 33. I can pick up the telephone and be with friends whenever I want to or I can be alone and enjoy that. or pick up be, or be enjoycan whenever You have not failed me as parents. as In fact, you have been wonderful parents because you have given me the freedom to search out and find the kind of life [that is right for me] and that life is being single and happy. because search out find to search out and find ~ for me the freedom [that ~] the kind of life miss out on goal pursue fail search out 34. Alexander V. Zaporozhets 132

133 Alexander V. Zaporozhets, in a study of preschool children, had one group of children manipulate several irregular geometric forms by inserting them into a formboard. had manipulate Children in a second group inspected the forms visually but never touched them, while those in a third group only manipulated them tactually. those Children ~, it was found [that those who had both visually and tactually manipulated the original forms made less than half the errors {made by the two other groups}]. it [that ~] {made ~} the errors preschool manipulate irregular geometric insert formboard inspect discriminate progressively accurate perceptual discrimination 35. I think you mentioned all the relevant tax laws [most people need to concern themselves with]. [most ~ ] all the relevant tax laws In a similar situation, take care not to word your compliment in such a way [that you are elevating your own expertise]. [that ~] such a way ~, and your insights on the tax laws were some [I had never heard shared before today]. [I had ~] some some insights I had never heard some shared before today heard some shared some shared comment presentation compare A to B B investment relevant tax law concern oneself with compliment imply thoroughness accuracy material present word elevate expertise phrasing previous comparison insight

134 Answers & Explanations [If one American executive responds to another American s proposal by saying, That s difficult, ] the response, interpreted against American culture and business practice, probably means [that the door is still open for further discussion] and [that perhaps the other side should sweeten its offer]. [If ~] the response meansinterpreted ~ practice if it is interpreted ~ practice [that ~] means So when a Japanese negotiator in response to a proposal says, That s difficult, he is clearly indicating [that the proposal is unacceptable]. when a Japanese negotiator says[that ~] is indicating dealmaker interrupt negotiation executive respond to interpret practice sweeten be reluctant to do intention negotiator in response to indicate unacceptable sensitive misunderstanding party stick to 37. (A) (A) Nevertheless (B) Thus We cannot hope to give a simple, universal reason [why each and every scientist studies the natural world]. [why ~] a simple, universal reason In general, scientists study the natural world to figure out why things happen as they do. to figure out ~, science is an activity [aimed at furthering our understanding of why things happen as they do in the world {in which we live}]. 134

135 [aimed at ~] an activity {in which ~} the world universal be bound to do practicing underlying scientific research in general figure out crater point of view precisely process lead to formation in part be aimed at further 38. But it s impossible for a child [to live up to his parents expectations all the time], and sometimes he will let them down. it [to live up to ~] for a child let down (them) But when the child is under too much pressure to succeed, his lack of confidence can either make him try exceptionally hard to please or perhaps just make him give up. make Consequently, the child can be too good and can feel it necessary to conform too much, which may cause him to keep in his mind feelings of resentment, perhaps for the rest of his life. which feelings of resentment keep standard achieve live up to one s expectations let down confidence knock matter ordinary be under pressure lack exceptionally instruction consistent with anxious consequently necessary conform resentment 39. But too often the offer is refused. The recipient will say, Sorry, but I 135

136 Answers can t accept the favor because I m not sure I ll ever be able to repay you ; ~. I get enormous satisfaction hearing from them later on [as their careers progress]. hearing from them [as ~ ] Sometimes, they ll insist right there and then [that they (should) return the favor somehow]. insist [that ~] should should counseling hear from make a big difference destiny alter recipient repay obligate insist there and then somehow infuriating encounter blindness 40. & Explanations 7 (C) 7 (B) (A) 7 (C) (B) 7 8 (A) (C) (B) (A) A After you finish all of this, you will be asked [if you are ready for tea], and [whether you want it black or white (without or with milk)]. [if ~ ] [whether ~ ] B ~, you will wish you had not (eaten dinner). not eaten dinner wish you had not eaten dinner C If, [being a person who tries to be punctual], you arrived precisely at 7 p.m., your host would most likely be shocked. If would [being ~] suppose chop veggie preparation expect punctual precisely host 41~

137 The big hurdles of networking revolve around the cold calls, meeting of new people, and all the activities [that ~]. revolve around the cold calls, meeting of new people, all the activities [that ~] all the activities I suspect (that) you ve never asked your cousins, brothers, or brothers-in-law [if they know anyone {that they could introduce you to}] to help fulfill your goals. suspect that that have asked your cousins, brothers, or brothersin-law [if ~] ask if ~ {that ~} anyone in other words lead return hurdle engage (pl.) have nothing to do with immediate acquaintance suspect brother-in-law portal out of a job community colleague gardening 43~45. (A) (D) (B) (C) 43. (A) (D) (B) (C) (D) (B) (C) 44. (d) I 45. He never had to risk being disagreed with, criticized, or ignored. 137

138 Answers & Explanations 4 45~57 A Dad was a mid-level manager in a company [that manufactured and sold business calculating machines] in an era [when better-faster-cheaper computers were just about to arrive on the market]. [that ~] a company [when ~] an era B Reflecting on these conversations, I now view my dad s behavior as a good example of withholding true feelings and thoughts to maintain a sense of control: ~. Reflecting on these conversations view A as B B to maintain ~ to C He got to stay right [where he felt comfortable] wronged, but righteous to the very end [when the company did go under and he could say, I told you so. ] [where ~] [when ~] the very end frustration management mid-level manager manufacture calculate era negative frustrate reflect on withhold maintain figure out react ignore get to do certain fold W: Excuse me. May I ask you something? M : Sure. Go ahead. W: Is there a convenience store nearby? M : There s one just around the corner. There s one just around the corner. convenience store nearby snack run deposit 2. M : When is this train going to arrive in Busan? W: At 10 p.m. M : Is the dining car still open? W: I m afraid it closed an hour ago. 138

139 10 I m afraid it closed an hour ago. arrive dining car postal service train station 3. W: Excuse me. Can you help me? M : What do you want me to do? W: Can you help me carry those groceries upstairs? M : Sure. I d be glad to give you a hand. groceries upstairs full give ~ a hand throw away 4. Star Max [Cell phone rings.] M : Sandra, where are you? I ve been waiting for you for over twenty minutes. W: I m terribly sorry, but I can t find Star Max. M : Can you see any signs or shops around you? W: There s a coffee shop on my right called Daffodil. M : Hmm. Listen carefully and follow my directions. W: Okay. Go ahead. M : Go straight until you come to the intersection and then turn right. You ll see Blue Jack s on your left. W: Blue Jack s on my left? M : Exactly. Then just keep going and turn right at the end of the block. W: Okay. Turn right at the end of the block! M : Last, just pass the crosswalk and you can see Star Max on your right. W: Thanks. I think I can find it now. Sandra 20 Star Max Daffodil Blue Jack s Blue Jack s? Star Max Star Max sign follow direction intersection crosswalk 5. W: Hello, everyone! Nowadays, we re using huge amounts 139

140 Answers & Explanations of energy from sources such as coal and gas. Among various energy shortage problems, the overuse of electricity is the most serious one. Because of the negative effect of global warming, summer is getting hotter and winter is getting colder. As a result, we use far too much electricity by operating cooling or heating systems. A blackout is unavoidable unless we practice saving electricity at home. We can save energy together. Thank you! A blackout is unavoidable unless we practice saving electricity at home. shortage overuse global warming operate blackout unavoidable stand concentrate break time senior just around the corner All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. show respect to make sense cafeteria M : It s so noisy. I can t stand it. W: What s the matter? M : I can t concentrate because of the noise the guys over there are making. W: It s not class time now. It s break time. M : But we re all seniors. Our big exam is just around the corner. W: Come on! All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. M : Maybe. But they should show respect to those who want to study even during break time. W: Hmm. That makes sense. M : If they have something to talk about, they can talk outside the classroom or in the cafeteria. W: Okay, I ll tell them to be quiet. W: Today, I m going to talk about something interesting. Are you right-handed or left-handed? Most people are right-handed and only about 10% of people are lefthanded. But why are people right-handed or lefthanded? The answer is in the way the brain works. The brain has a right half and a left half. The right half controls the left side of the body, and the left controls the right side of the body. So, people with a more developed left brain become right-handed and people with a more developed right brain become left-handed

141 right-handed left-handed work developed 8. M : Lisa, you look anxious. W: Oh, Dad. I m worried about all the reading I have to do for the research paper. It s due in two weeks. M : You still have some time left. Why don t you use the method I use when I try to resolve a difficult situation? W: What method is that? M : You ve seen how I garden, haven t you? When I was away for a business trip for a month, I came home to find that the grass was overgrown and the weeds were out of control. W: I remember that. M : I then decided not to do everything at once but instead work in the garden for 20 minutes every day. W: Right, that s what you did. Then you were able to finish everything. M : Yes. I used the divide and conquer method. W: I see, Dad. I ll give it a try. Lisa due method resolve garden overgrown weed be out of control at once divide and conquer method give it a try 9. W: Welcome to San Francisco. You must be exhausted from the long flight. M : Not really! I experienced something very unexpected. W: What happened? M : When I arrived at the airport, I was told that my flight had been overbooked. W: Really? That s too bad. M : Actually, they upgraded my seat to business class. W: Wow, you were so lucky! I didn t know such a thing could happen. M : That s not all. Do you know who sat next to me? Kevin Tyler! Can you believe it? W: You re kidding! He s my favorite actor of all time. M : I have a picture of him on my cell phone. Take a look. W: Oh, I m so jealous. I wish something like that would happen to me. Kevin Tyler 141

142 Answers & Explanations flight unexpected overbook upgrade kid of all time jealous 10. W: So, what do you think of the room I decorated for our son? M : It s lovely. My favorite part is the round clock you put on the wall. W: That s my favorite, too! I think Jonathan will really like it. M : He ll love that round table you put in, too. W: I hope so. I also got two chairs for him. M : Great. I think he ll be doing his homework in this room. W: That s why I put the bookshelf here. It s got five shelves, so I think there ll be plenty of space for all his books. M : I know what you mean. Plus, I really like the dresser under the window. W: Yes, he can put his stuff in the drawers. M : I can t wait to see his reaction when he comes home from school today! Jonathan favorite bookshelf shelf plus dresser 11. M : Kate, did you hear that the circus is coming to town? W: Yes, I did. My daughter is so excited about it. She really wants to go. M : Do you have any plans to take her? W: I want to, but I m going to be working all the nights that the circus is here. M : Oh, really? That s a shame. W: I know. M : Well, here s an idea. I mean, I have two kids, and I know they really want to go. W: And you have time to take them? M : Yes, I do. And I certainly wouldn t mind taking one extra kid. W: How nice of you! M : I m sure my kids would love to meet your daughter. W: Thank you so much for inviting her! Kate 142

143 I certainly wouldn t mind taking one extra kid. shame mind extra Could you bring it to me now? get in big trouble [Telephone rings.] W: Hello? M : Mom! I m glad you re home. I have a problem. W: What s the problem, Austin? M : You know we have a big football game this evening? W: Yes, I remember. I was thinking of bringing your brother to come and watch. M : That s good. But Mom, I forgot to bring my helmet to school with me! W: Oh, you re so forgetful! Can you stop by home after school? M : Well, our team is leaving for the field right after school. W: I see. Then you can t come home and get your helmet before the game. M : Right, and if I don t have it, I ll get in big trouble. Could you bring it to me now? W: Sure. I ll take care of it. M : Thanks, Mom. W: I ll see you soon. Austin M : Oh, it s too hot in here. Do you mind if I open the window? W: Not at all. You look really tired today. M : Yeah, it s probably because I have a hard time getting enough sleep these days. W: Then you should probably avoid drinks with caffeine, like coffee. M : You re right. I m trying to cut back on caffeine. W: Getting some exercise will help you get more sleep, too. M : But I do exercise regularly. W: Just make sure you don t exercise late in the evening. And don t take any late afternoon naps. M : I already know that, but I m still not getting enough sleep. W: Why don t you see a doctor if it s serious? If you re having such a hard time, you should get professional help. M : You re right. Thanks for your advice. 143

144 Answers & Explanations 15. avoid cut back on regularly take a nap 14. W: Hi, Mike. I m sorry I m late. M : Never mind. I ve been reading this magazine. W: I was worried that you d be mad at me. M : It s all right. But what happened? W: The traffic wasn t heavy today, so I decided to take a bus. As you know, I hate subways. M : Did something go wrong? W: Exactly. As soon as I got to the bus stop, a bus was about to leave, so I jumped on it. M : Well, you were lucky. W: No. Just as the bus started to move, I realized that I got on the wrong bus. M : You must have been confused. W: Yeah. That s why I m late. Mike Just ~ bus. never mind traffic realize confused W: Hello. How may I help you? M : Hello. I m looking for a wallet for myself. W: How about this one? It s $120. M : Do you have something less expensive? W: Yes. How about this one? It s $70. M : Well, I d like something larger than that. W: Then, you might love this wallet. M : That s exactly what I m looking for. How much is it? W: It s $90. M : All right. I ll take it. I ll be using this gift certificate. Is that okay? W: Sure. As it s worth $50, you only have to pay the difference. M : Then, I ll pay the difference in cash. [Pause] Here you are. W: Thank you $40 wallet gift certificate difference in cash 16. M : This is an announcement from Rainbow Children s Hospital. It s already been five years since we opened 144

145 our doors to children. To celebrate our five-year anniversary, we ll be holding a children s musical in the lecture hall on July 22nd. The musical will be performed from 2 to 4 p.m. This will be a free performance for all our patients and their families. Please stop by the hospital s administration office from July 18th to 20th to pick up free tickets. We ll be serving light snacks and refreshments in the lobby before the musical begins. Don t miss out on the fun! Rainbow W: This book is more expensive, but it was published more recently. M : You re right. I ll take the more expensive one. Ted 60 We ll be serving light snacks and refreshments in the lobby before the musical begins. announcement celebrate anniversary lecture hall administration refreshments miss out on copy edition binding hardcover secondhand paperback W: Ted, what are you doing on the computer? M : I m buying some used books. Which one do you think would be the best among these copies? W: Well, if you want the best value, you should go for this one. M : Yeah, but I d like to stay under $60. W: I see. Then, this first edition is out. M : Right. I love first edition books, but it s beyond my budget. W: How about the binding? M : I d prefer a hardcover. W: If so, you should choose between these two. M : Okay. Which one would be better? M : Amber, would you like to go to a concert tonight? W: I don t have any special plans, but what kind of concert is it? M : It s a jazz concert. It s happening at the National Museum tonight. W: That s great. So, is there a concert every week? M : No. Once a month, on the third Saturday. W: How much is the admission? M : It s free, but the seats can t be reserved and they re taken on a first-come, first-served basis. W: I see. Who s performing tonight? M : Hmm. I can t remember his name. W: Let s check it on the Internet. M : Okay. [Clicking sound] Pianist Tony Lee will perform tonight. He s famous. W: We should leave early to get seats, then. 145

146 Answers & Explanations Amber Tony Lee 120 Tony Lee museum admission reserve on a first-come, first-served basis perform 19. M : Did you watch the soccer match last night? W: Of course! The Korean team beat the English team! M : As a Londoner, I was disappointed, but the Korean players were great. W: I was so impressed by the Korean goalkeeper. M : Yeah. He injured his finger but he saved many shots. W: I thought he would give up, but he didn t. M : The match must have been hard for the players, because it was a long game. W: It really was. It lasted more than 120 minutes. M : Wow. W: When is the English team s next game? M : It s on Friday night. W: I ll be joining you to cheer for them this time. M : Great. I hope they ll win this time. disappointed impressed injure last cheer for tie overtime = extra time 20. M : Mrs. Hooper s teenage daughter, Sally, wants to go to a cartoon exhibition. Sally couldn t reserve tickets but she thinks she can buy tickets at the box office. She wants to go by herself, but Mrs. Hooper wants to go with her. They arrive one hour before the exhibition begins, but they find a large number of people already waiting in line. The clerk comes out of the box office and says that only 100 tickets are available. Mrs. Hooper realizes that there are more than 100 people in front of them. In this situation, what would Mrs. Hooper most likely say to Sally? Mrs. Hooper: I m afraid we can t get the tickets today. Hooper Sally 146

147 Sally Hooper 100 Hooper 100 Hooper Sally Mrs. Hooper Hooper Sally cartoon exhibition box office clerk available 21~22. W: Hello, students. I m your dormitory manager, Deborah Jenkins. Last week, student representatives, teachers, and parents met together to revise the dormitory rules. I d like to inform you of some of the revised rules. So far, no electric heaters and electric pots have been allowed in the rooms. But electric mats will be allowed from next month on. The next rule is about the closing time of the dormitory. The dormitory is closed at 11:30 p.m., but it ll be open until 1:00 a.m. during the exam periods. Also, during the periods, the Reading Room will be available until 1:00 a.m. and you can use the Internet there. There are other minor changes and you can check them on the bulletin board. Thank you for your attention. Deborah Jenkins But electric mats ~ month on. dormitory representative revise electric pot minor bulletin board Reading Room 1 And, [though I know most other students don t agree], I think (that) uniforms are the best thing [that could happen to our nation s youth and to the educational system as a whole]. [though ~] I think that [that ~] the best thing 147

148 Answers A great number of students are rebelling, [claiming {that wearing a uniform violates their freedom of expression}]. [claiming ~] {that ~} consciousness attend baggy flashy cropped top khaki whirlwind dress code take over rebel violate discontent deliberately sloppily unapproved 24. & Explanations Franklin Emerald 2 Green Valley Retirement Village Green Valley Michael C. O Connor [who ~] those [who ~] it to get around community service retirement impaired visit with convenience look forward to doing 25. [To appreciate how all the things in an ecosystem are connected], think about [how an automobile works]. [To appreciate ~] to [how ~] think about The engine alone is made up of hundreds of individual parts, [all working together to make the automobile run]. [all working ~] all We could read aloud to visually impaired residents, run errands for those [who find it difficult to get around], and visit with those who could use some company. and read, runvisit ecosystem be composed of biotic factor microorganism interact complex temperature humidity mineral 148

149 nutrient appreciate destroy affect [Without some knowledge of the conditions of government and society in late sixteenth-century England], at least half of what Shakespeare is saying becomes incomprehensible; and [without an understanding of the social and intellectual forces at work during the era of the French Revolution], we would fail to comprehend the ideas that inspired Beethoven s symphonies. [Without ~] and half of what Shakespeare is saying becomes [without ~] and we would fail assume humanities survey context discipline incomprehensible inspire urgent available glide landing drop zone last restriction heart attack comfortable instruction equipment vending machine snack

150 Answers & Explanations Amy Grant Willow Avenue 719 Hoboken, NJ (201) Hoboken Hoboken, NJ Hoboken, Hoboken, NJ Northeast East Fairway Circle 2500 Tenafly, New Jersey CANA 200 CANA 7 10 Green Hoboken Hoboken College Information fair sponsor association representative pre-register pet sitter feed childcare competent ,000 1,

151 According to the information in the graph, all the metals but silver melt at a temperature higher than 1,000 C. but = except There is no significant difference between the melting temperatures of gold and copper, [gold melting at a very slightly higher temperature than copper]. [gold melting ~] gold melting melt temperature metal compare approximately significant slightly 31. 1,500 2,000 make sleep difficultly difficult continuing problem doctor visits sleeping late or napping during the day makes the best way to Both good and bad events in your life can keep you awake at night. both A and B B keep you awake awake occasional excitement depression interfere with restore sound sleep (A) gradually quickly jumping right in gradually (B) compliment congratulate I like your sweater. complimenting (C) additional unwanted additional Small talk helps people ease into a social relationship. help small talk progress ease into participate evolve into 151

152 Answers 33. made me shiver down my spine almost made me scream My consciousness was already rushing to the river s shore, drawn by the mysterious strain of the ghostly sound. My consciousness was rushing drawn Her words, which fell upon me like a huge, dark shadow, almost made me scream. which Her words which ~ shadow Her words makemake obscure at a loss discern secretive steal stillness shiver spine consciousness strain coil round dart out the tongue forked 34. & Explanations [The very slightest appearance of favoring one child at the expense of another] is instantly observed and resented. [The very ~] I remember when one of our maids, [who was a married woman], became pregnant, we told her not to lift heavy weights. [who ~] one of our maids potent universal deep-seated passion noticeable tender respect at the expense of instantly observe resent prevalent maid pregnant

153 You start attracting like-minded people. If you become aware of the steps [you must take to do what you want to do], you will start getting closer to [what you want to do]. [you ~] the steps [what ~] to This puts you in a position [to begin building a community of like-minded people {who can help one another succeed}]. [to begin ~] a position {who ~} like-minded people become aware of side effect like-minded aspect committed 36. The Book of Lists 54 Toastmasters International Toastmasters Toastmasters 6 26 At the end of each talk, the speaker receives applause and comments from the other members. They created a system based on [what psychologists call systematic desensitization]. [what ~] on After six months of attending Toastmasters meetings, the individual will have stood on his feet and spoken twenty-six times, receiving applause and feedback each time. will have p.p. After six months ~ stood spoken toastmaster psychologist systematic specified peer applause comment stand on one s feet continuous T Toastmasters International , ips 153

154 Answers & Explanations (A) For example (B) In contrast Be sure to choose the cold cycle, and you ll reduce the energy [needed to wash your clothes] by as much as 90 percent. and ~ and [needed ~] the energy To prevent a washing machine from smelling bad, try washing an empty load with hot water and a mixture of baking soda and vinegar. prevent from -ing prevent keepstop In setting up a budget you must consider both fixed expenses and variable expenses. In setting up a budget When you set up a budget both A and B B ~, variable expenses include such items as food, clothing, utility bills, medical care, recreation, and gifts. such as ~ set up fixed expense variable expense installment payment go up rather stable utility bill estimated set aside greenhouse gas emission front-loading washing machine top-loading machine vinegar front loader detergent 39. thesaurus dirty dirty muddy messy dirty dirty thesaurus dirty There you would find an entry [that contains several words {that have a similar meaning to dirty, such as muddy or messy}]. [that contains ~] an entry {that have ~} several words come up with thesaurus 154

155 vocabulary rack one s brains entry muddy messy 40. (B) 5 (C) (A) (B) (C) (A) Sherbets are a refreshing end to any meal, particularly if the courses have been rich or spicy. sherbet particularly appetizer freezer chunk process smooth scoop cinnamon bring to a boil T ips 41~ So I called a break and went over to him to ask [if he was simply disagreeing] or [if he felt my points weren t well argued]. if ask [if he was ~] [if he felt ~] Although no great harm was done, I did unnecessarily clutter my mind with guesses as to [how I was being received]. as to as to [how ~] Remember that you will always be more professional as a speaker than the people [to whom you are speaking] are professional as an audience. more ~ than [to whom ~] the people 155

156 Answers & row distracting incorrectly occasion direction enthusiastically reinforcement lecturer make a point of assume symptom brilliance instance observe unnecessarily as to urge 43~45. Explanations (A) Jeff Lee Oklahoma 4 (D) Jeff Jeff Jeff (B) Jeff Jeff (C) 100 Jeff PGA Phil Mickelson 43. (A) Jeff(D) Jeff (B) Jeff (C) Jeff 44. (e) Jeff Jeff 45. Jeff A When I met Jeff Lee for the first time, he was a senior at the University of Oklahoma who had not won a college golf tournament since he was on the national championship team as a freshman. had p.p. since ~ since B Then he was to focus the rest of the energy on making the putt. be to D ~, there on the other side of the flag, in his line of sight, stood his father, arms folded, eyes locked on him. there stood his father with arms folded eyes locked on him senior tournament strategy channel squeeze furious buck therapy beat play-off anonymously crouch lose one s temper T ips Professional Golfers Association of America PGA PGA Championship Masters Tournament US 4 156

157 1. W: Excuse me. How much is this necklace? M : It s $200. W: Oh, that s too expensive. My budget is $100. M : Let me show you something less expensive, then. 100 necklace budget ~ Florida Florida Florida vacation choose 3. W: Did you watch the baseball game between the Dodgers and the Pirates last night? M : Yeah. I watched it on television. It was very exciting. W: What was the result of the game? M : The Dodgers beat the Pirates 6 to 3. Dodgers Pirates Dodgers Pirates 6 3 Dodgers Pirates 6 3 Dodgers 2. result beat M : Do you have any plans for summer vacation? W: Yeah. I m thinking of going to Florida. M : Good. Why did you choose that place? W: I want to enjoy the beautiful beaches there. Florida 4. [Cell phone rings.] W: Oh, Stuart! Are you done with grocery shopping? M : I m done except for carrots, honey. Carrots are sold out here at Tom s Market. 157

158 Answers W: I need carrots for dinner. Go buy them at Eddy s Grocery. M : Eddy s Grocery? I don t know where it is. W: Where are you now? M : I m in front of Tom s Market. W: Go straight along Yellow Street until you reach Rose Avenue. M : Okay. W: Turn right there and go straight. M : You mean I have to cross the Kingston River? W: Yes. Turn right on Main Street and go straight past Palm Avenue. Eddy s Grocery is on your right. M : I got it, honey. Kingston Main Street Palm Avenue Eddy s Grocery grocery shopping sold out 5. & Explanations Stuart! Tom s Market Eddy s Grocery Eddy s Grocery Tom s Market Yellow Street Rose Avenue Kingston Main Street Palm Avenue Eddy s Grocery W: Good afternoon, everyone. This is an announcement from the Department of General Affairs. As you know, a disaster can happen anywhere and at any moment. That s why it s important to know how to respond in disaster situations. As part of our company safety program, an emergency drill will be conducted at two p.m. on June 21. When the fire alarm sounds, all the workers will have to leave the building and move promptly to the parking lot in front of the building. Please do not use elevators. The entire exercise will not take more than 30 minutes. We re sorry to cause any inconvenience, but safety is most important. Thank you our company safety program, an emergency drill, leave the building and move promptly to the parking lot disaster emergency drill conduct sound promptly entire inconvenience 6. M : Oh, the road ahead is closed. W: What s happening over there? M : The buildings on the right side are being torn down to widen the road. W: Really? Some of them have historical importance, don t they? M : Right. Many people don t seem to think about them. W: Oh, not again. Don t you remember what happened last year? M : No. What happened? W: The oldest building in our city was destroyed to build an apartment complex. M : You re right. It seems that people are only interested in development. W: People have to know that some of the buildings have historical importance. 158

159 M : How can we let them know that? W: I ll post something on my blog about our concerns. historical importance, The oldest building in our city was destroyed tear down widen historical apartment complex 7. W: Good morning, everyone. Today, I d like to talk about your study environment. It can be extremely easy to let your study area become a state of chaos. For many students, writing instruments, scraps of paper, notes, and soft drink cans tend to accumulate on their desks. An untidy work area can waste your precious study time. Your study session should not be spent digging through a pile of paper to find your calculator. It s also a waste of time to clear off a few square inches of desk space to have enough room to write. Unless you keep your work space tidy, you won t be able to do your best work and your grades may suffer in the end. your study environment, waste your precious study time, keep your work space tidy environment extremely chaos instrument scrap tend to do accumulate waste precious session dig calculator clear off tidy in the end 8. W: John, can you tell me the names of the Great Lakes? M : Well, Michigan, Ontario, Superior, and. Oh, I can t remember all of them. W: Why don t you use the first letters? HOMES for Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, and Superior. M : That s great! Where did you get that idea? W: I m reading a book about human memory. It says we can enhance our memory by using different strategies. M : Sounds interesting. Tell me more about it. W: Okay. People sometimes forget the location of a car in a parking lot, right? M : Yes, sometimes I do, too. W: You can remember better by making a sentence out of section designations. M : Like what? W: If you park the car in 2A, you can say I ate two apples. M : Wow! That s clever! 159

160 Answers & Explanations John5 MichiganOntarioSuperior Huron Ontario MichiganErie Superior HOMES 2 I ate two apples. 5 Justin that s strangesomething must have happened.i hope he didn t have an accident. be supposed to do leave be stuck in a traffic jam the Great Lakes enhance strategy designation W: What time is it, Justin? M : It s nine o clock, Mom. W: Well, that s strange. Your dad was supposed to arrive home around seven-thirty. M : You re right. Why don t we call him? W: I did, but he didn t answer. Something must have happened. M : Did he have a meeting tonight? W: No. He called me at six o clock and said he would leave the office then. M : He may be stuck in a traffic jam. W: He didn t drive to work today. He took the subway, instead. M : Let me call his office. W: Oh, I hope he didn t have an accident. W: I changed the background screen of my cell phone, David. M : What beautiful scenery! Where did you get this picture? W: I downloaded it from the Internet. M : Wow! The windmill on top of the mountain goes well with the scenery. W: I think so, too. I also like the clear sky without any clouds. M : It seems to me that this house in the middle is in harmony with the mountain. W: You re right. M : And the stream next to the house makes the scene more peaceful. W: Yeah. When I see this screen, I feel like I m in the countryside. M : By the way, there are only six icons at the bottom. W: Those are the ones I use frequently. I deleted the other icons for simplicity. M : That s good. 160

161 David the clear sky without any clouds background scenery windmill countryside frequently delete simplicity 11. M : Sheila, why don t we go on a picnic with our children today? W: That s a good idea. Do you have a nice place in mind? M : How about Kingston Park? W: Traffic is always heavy around there. Why don t we go to Rainbow Amusement Park? M : Great idea! Lucy and Mike will love it. Is it okay to leave at ten o clock? W: Well, I need some time to make sandwiches. Give me an hour, honey. M : Okay. Let s leave at eleven. Is there anything I can help you with? W: I need some eggs to make sandwiches, but there are no eggs in the fridge. M : Then I ll go buy some right now. W: Thanks, Eric. Sheila Kingston Rainbow Lucy Mike Eric Then I ll go buy some right now. go on a picnic fridge refrigerator 12. W: Hey, Robert. I heard you re going backpacking around Europe this vacation. M : Right. I m planning to travel to France, Germany, Spain, and so on. W: Oh, I envy you. Are you going to travel to the United Kingdom, too? M : Yeah. I can t wait to go to Tower Bridge and Big Ben. Why do you ask? W: I want to know if you can buy me black tea. M : Oh, I didn t know you re interested in tea. W: Actually, I m not. My mom likes black tea, so I think it ll be a good birthday present for her. M : I see. That s no problem. What s the brand name? W: I ll find out and let you know later. M : Okay. Robert 161

162 Answers & Explanations I want to know if you can buy me black tea. Fifty-five percent said the restrooms are not very clean. go backpacking can t wait to do black tea survey facility restroom M : Hey, Linda. Here are the results from our school newspaper s survey. W: What were the survey questions? M : One of them asked the students what they like about our school. W: What did they say? M : Eighty-five percent said our school has excellent facilities and seventy-nine percent said they like the large playground. W: Interesting! Tell me more. M : Seventy-three percent were satisfied with our school lunch menus. W: Was there anything the students thought of as being a problem at our school? M : Yeah. Fifty-five percent said the restrooms are not very clean. W: I think so, too. M : Nevertheless, seventy-two percent of the students said they re proud of our school. W: Maybe that s because our school has a longer history than other schools. Linda W: Honey, I m home. M : Hi, honey! How was your day? W: I had a lot of work to catch up on today. Oh, what are you doing? M : I m cleaning up this broken glass. W: How did it break? M : I dropped it while washing the dishes. It was too slippery. W: Are you okay? Did you get hurt or anything? M : No, I m fine. I m sorry I broke one of your favorite crystal glasses. W: Don t worry. It happens and there s nothing we can do about it. I can get a replacement. M : I m so sorry, anyway. W: That s okay. Be careful not to step on the broken pieces. I m sorry I broke one of your favorite crystal glasses. 162

163 catch up on clean up wash the dishes slippery replacement step on shortcut count on W: What time is it now, James? M : It s five-fifty, Susan. W: Do you think we can make it to the concert hall in time? M : Sure. The concert starts at seven o clock. We ve got enough time. W: But I m afraid we might get stuck in a traffic jam. M : Don t worry. I ll drive this way. This is a shortcut to the concert hall. W: How long do you think it ll take from here to the concert hall? M : It ll take about forty minutes. W: You mean we ll arrive about thirty minutes before the concert starts? M : Right. You can count on me. W: Okay. James 5 50Susan in time get stuck in a traffic jam W: Good morning, everyone! I d like to start our club s weekly meeting with a short announcement. Let me tell you about some changes in our Borderland State Park Trip originally scheduled for October 5th. The date of our trip has been changed to October 10th. The main reason for this is the weather. And we ll depart from the Palace Center parking lot, not from Jackson Railroad Station. That s because we decided to rent a bus instead of taking a train. Lunch will be at Sam s Quality Food, not at Fisher s Restaurant, because many members of our club complained they don t like fish. However, we ll still be leaving at 9:00 a.m. as originally scheduled, and our hike will begin at 1:30 p.m. as we first planned. Thank you Borderland State Park Trip Jackson Palace Fisher s Restaurant Sam s Quality Food Lunch will be at Sam s Quality Food, not at Fisher s Restaurant, because many members of our club complained they don t like fish. Fisher s Restaurant announcement depart parking lot railroad station That s because complain hike 163

164 Answers & Explanations W: How may I help you? M : I d like to change my cell phone plan. W: What kind of plan are you using now? M : I m using Premium, but the monthly cost is too high. W: We have four other options. M : Okay. These days I don t talk on the cell phone for more than 420 minutes a month. At most, 400 minutes a month would be enough. W: Okay. How many text messages do you send a month? M : I sent about 350 text messages last month because of work, but now I ve changed my job, and I don t send as many as before. W: Will you be okay with 300 text messages? M : Yes. I can choose between these two then. W: There s a difference of 40 minutes in free talk time. Which one would you prefer? M : The cheaper, the better. I ll take this one. Premium option text message M : What was the best part of your trip to England, Susan? W: Well, it was being in London. M : Did you see Stonehenge, too? W: Yes, but I don t want to remember that part. M : Why? What happened? W: We camped out near Stonehenge. It rained so heavily that I got soaked through to the skin. M : That s too bad! How was the rest of your trip? W: A scary thing happened when I was driving in London. M : What was it? W: I turned right at an intersection and ended up going in the wrong direction. You know they drive on the left in England. M : Oh, my! So how did you get out of that trouble? W: I stopped my car and called the police for help. Susan Stonehenge Stonehenge So how did you get out of that trouble? that trouble camp out get soaked through to the skin turn right intersection end up go in the wrong direction 164

165 T ips Wiltshire Salisbury 13km against Absolutely. be in the lead cheer for M : Do you know that a baseball game will be held in our city tomorrow afternoon? W: Yes, I do. It s the Dragons against the Leopards, right? M : Yes. It s going to be an exciting game! W: Absolutely. You love baseball, don t you? M : Yes, but so do you, so why don t we go see the game together? W: I really want to go, but M : You know my brother Jason? He gave me two tickets. W: Jason? M : Yes. He bought them, but he can t go because of a sudden change in his business schedule. So I was thinking of going with you. W: I d love to, but I m afraid I already have plans for tomorrow afternoon. M : Okay. It s too bad that you can t go with me. Dragons Leopards Jason Jason M : Today Jane takes the college entrance exam. Her father gives her a ride to the exam place. She finally arrives at the exam place and says goodbye to her father. But as soon as she enters the school building, she realizes that she has left her lunch bag in the car. She needs to call her father immediately, but she hasn t brought her cell phone. She hurries to the school office and meets a teacher there. In this situation, what would Jane most likely say to the teacher? Jane : May I use the phone here? Jane Jane Jane Jane Jane entrance exam give ~ a ride immediately 21~22. M : Hello, students. You were going to have your English speaking test during class. But since I have to evaluate 165

166 Answers & Explanations 42 students in one class, I ll be quite short of time. So I ve made a small change to the test schedule. I want some of you to come and take your test during the lunch hour. I ll be in my office from 11:30 to 12:30. Whoever wants to have an earlier test is welcome to come and see me at that time. The test is going to be done on a first-come, first-served basis. As you know, the topic of the test will be given right before it begins. Good luck to you all As you know, the topic of the test will be given right before it begins. I asked members of the audience to raise their hands [if they knew {who the top two or three producers in the company were}]. [if ~] {who ~} knew ~, but we are afraid to approach them and ask them for information, direction, and guidance. approach ask to The worst thing [that could happen] is that they wouldn t tell you] [that could ~] The worst thing [that they ~] is conduct motivation optical lens manufacturing company attendance audience approach tragedy direction guidance rejection evaluate short of on a first-come, first-served basis topic Partington Harte Island Frederick O Brian Harte 166

167 Island You certainly cannot have heard about our problems here on Harte Island. cannot have p.p. However, neither he nor any subsequent hunter was a particularly good shot. neither A nor B B senator bill subsequent good shot urge that revealed conduct generate imaginary pronounce participant estimate predict outperform the latter the former reveal tend to do affection positively relatively Not only did participants predict that the stock price of easily pronounceable companies would outperform the others, but they also predicted that the latter would go down, while the former would rise. not only A but also B A B notdid The study revealed [that people tend to have a greater affection for names that are easy to pronounce than those that are hard to pronounce] and [that people would feel more positively toward names that are relatively easy to pronounce]. But a battery works by chemical reaction, and the lower the temperature, the slower that chemical reaction is. the the require reaction moderate spark 167

168 Answers & Explanations T ips Greenville City, Scarlet Garden 27. Baileytown Baileytown Baileytown No doctors ~ event. This is a parent-based event [in which the speakers are parents of children with diabetes]. [in which ~] a parent-based event inspiration organizer limited attendee confirmation Children under eight will not be admitted without an adult. under eight Children amusement park year-round admission costume clown admit Northern Connections Northern University Northern Connections

169 2. Northern University Connections This program allows students to complete their initial coursework at one of 20 partner schools before transitioning to Northern University to complete their degree. allow to to complete their degree complete initial coursework transition admission submit orientation credit specific 30. In 2006, the value of mobile ringtone sales greatly increased, [reaching its peak at 12 million dollars]. [reaching ~] the value of mobile ringtone sales reach peak gradually continuously dramatic 31. New York Mets 1973 New York Mets 9 Mets Mets Mets World Series (A) the New York Mets struggling (B) while during (C) convince what that , ,350 It was in the midseason when a Mets pitcher shouted, You gotta believe, when the team was behind in the ninth inning. It is was ~ when that in the midseason You gotta believe! You gotta believe! they would chant. would rough 169

170 Answers & Explanations struggle standings midseason pitcher catch on with convince chant T ips National League East Division Queens Mets Brian Ellie 32. increase kill decrease [A bowling ball with holes spread too far to match your reach] will keep you from being invited into the ladies league. [A bowling ~] keep A from B B from from being invited pick out equipment temporary priority belong to 33. I wait for Dad to come pounding out into the hall, shouting at me. shouting at me Dad shouting furious pound out all by oneself stare blink burst into tears sob desperately

171 The way people think and talk about you when you are not there is the most important single determinant The most successful business people and salespeople are thought of highly and talked about in complimentary terms by other people The way [people think and talk about you / when you are not there] is the most important single determinant of [how successful you will be in whatever you do]. The way is [people ~] The way [how ~] of whatever whatever you do anything you do Your ability [to influence and shape people s perceptions of you in a positive way] is a key to the security of your position and your income in today s competitive world. Your ability is [to influence ~] Your ability asset determinant complimentary absence influence shape perception security 35. You can practice this in stores, at school, and at home by reading the labels and packaging on products to find out [where the raw materials used to make them came from] and [who made them]. [where ~] [who ~] find out After much practice, you will find it easier [to predict which country names will appear on boxes and labels]. it find [to predict ~] raw material manufacture component stitch evidence

172 Answers The friend admires you and your style and probably wants to see [if it is a fit for her]. admires wants The friend [if ~] see Instead of getting angry, encourage her to come up with her own unique style by letting her know [what you think is special about her]. let know [what ~] know unique admire compliment encourage come up with exclusively trendsetter 37. & Explanations CD MP3 MP3 CD 99 and building making by Companies [that did not pursue this opportunity] are no longer in business. [that ] Companies firm seek (-sought-sought) fail to do define potential home entertainment pursue in business implement concept customized library T 38. ips 5 (A) However (B) CD MP3 Likewise Some firms have sought success by building a factory and making a product they believe buyers need. This heat island effect interferes with the free exchange of heat and moisture, and greatly affects the wind. interferes affects This heat island effect During the day, the concrete jungle absorbs heat from the Sun, which it re-radiates slowly later, acting rather like a giant storage heater. 172

173 which heat from the Sun it the concrete jungle noticeable built-up interfere with absorb re-radiate storage heater temperature significantly district centigrade frost 39. experience in handling camels as well as acrobatic talent this technique experience in handling camels as well as acrobatic talent Most Arabians mount a camel by bending its neck toward the ground, using it as a foothold, and then swinging up into the saddle. and by bending ~using ~swinging ~ This demands experience in handling camels as well as acrobatic talent. A as well as B B A experience in handling camels acrobatic talent B on all fours seemingly sway back and forth nausea ocean swells mount foothold swing saddle acrobatic 40. Willie (C) Willie 3 (B) Willie (A) Willie Willie 3 Willie A Normally a friendly person, he found himself suddenly losing his temper at the smallest things. a friendly person he Normally a friendly person Although he was normally a friendly person B His head hit the windshield very hard, and this time he had to be sent to an emergency room. ~ they had to send him to an emergency room. C Three months later ~ when he tried to avoid hitting a dog [that had run out into the street]. avoid hitting 173

174 Answers & Explanations [that ~] a dog had run get along with scholarship promising collide with guardrail minor lose one s temper avoid 41~42. ABC CNN TV Networking is a technique [in which {you connect people you know with people they don t know} and {they do the same for you}]. [in which ~] which a technique and {you ~} {they ~} If you turn it around and consistently put other people ahead of [what you want from them], you ll develop strong relationships that even Superman can t break apart. [what ~] ahead of rely on aspect promotional at the outset direct fit intuition proper reverse turn around consistently apart 43~45. (A) Emily 10 Emily Emily (C) Emily Groves 2 (B) Emily 174

175 (D) undoubtedly fulfill obligation desire path 43. (A) Emily (C) (B) (D) Emily 44. (a) her Emily 45. Then without a word she did what she was told Emily A Emily considered it a particular joy to be allowed sometimes to take a walk with a lady, who lived nearby. it to be D Doing what you have to do and (doing) what you want to do are often two different things. Doing and doing are 2 consider nearby latter unfortunate appointment gain delightful feel inclined to do allow disapproval obey comply without hesitation permission accompany duet 2 reflect 175

176 Answers & Explanations 1. 3D W: Oh, those are glasses for 3D movies, right? M : Yes. I got them for free when I bought this 3D TV. W: I d like to try them to see if they really work. M : Okay, put them on. I ll turn on the TV. 3D TV for free work turn off 3D 3D TV TV 6 71~ stop by 3. W: I heard you changed your job. What happened? M : It s no big deal. My previous job just didn t fit me. W: I see. How do you like your new job? M : The work is good and the people are so kind. 2. previous fit balance M : Did you pack everything we need? W: Almost. By the way, do you think we could stop by the supermarket? M : I think so, but we don t have much time. W: It ll only take twenty minutes. 4. M : Excuse me, nurse. Could you tell me where Room 1218 is? W: Of course. Go straight until you see the information desk on your left. 176

177 M : Okay. Where should I go from there? W: At the desk, turn right and walk straight. You ll see the elevators on both sides. M : And then? W: Turn left at the corner and you ll see some rooms. M : Room 1218 is one of them, right? W: Yes. It s the third one on your right. M : Okay, I think I can find it. Thanks for your help. W: You re welcome tough competitiveness manufacture electronics abroad dominate high-tech engineering 6. information desk 5. M : Welcome everyone! My advice is quite simple, even though you have a tough decision to make. First of all, let s think of our country. Where does our competitiveness come from? It comes from our manufacturing industries. We make products like electronics, cars, and ships, and sell them abroad. Our companies especially dominate high-tech electronics and car markets. This means you can get a job more easily when you major in engineering. I hope my advice will be helpful in making your decision. M : Wow, this electronics store is huge! W: Yes, it is. Let s look around to see what kind of digital camera you should buy. M : Let s see. What do you think about the green model over there? Its design is unique. W: It s a new model, but I ve already heard some bad reviews of it. How about this black one? I heard it s a steady seller. M : I prefer the design of the green model. W: I think you re more interested in design than function. I think differently. M : Really? What do you think is most important? W: I think the function and quality of the camera is very important. M : That makes sense. W: A camera is a tool, not an accessory. M : You re right. Let s look at something else then. 177

178 Answers & Explanations remove all personal information from your old phone s built-in memory, Make sure to erase electronics review steady seller make sense accessory 7. W: Hello, everyone. Today, I d like to talk about something that people often forget. What do you usually do with your old cell phone when you buy a new one? Most of you are probably busy checking out the latest functions of your new cell phone without paying attention to your old one. You may sell or throw away your old phone without removing your personal information. But what if it falls into the hands of someone who may misuse it? The first thing you should do after you get a new phone is remove all personal information from your old phone s built-in memory. Make sure to erase all phone numbers, messages, call histories, passwords, pictures, and anything else that s on the phone. Then you can be safe from any possible identity theft. check out function remove misuse built-in make sure to do erase 8. M : Hi, Susie. W: Hi, James. Did you read the newspaper this morning? M : Yes. The first thing I do in the morning is read the paper. Why do you ask? W: There was an article on making donations to help the needy. Did you read it? M : Yes. I read that, too. W: Because the economy isn t doing well, people aren t making as many donations to charities as usual. M : That makes sense. Last year, a lot of people donated large sums to charities. W: As you know, the economy wasn t so bad last year. M : According to the article, this year the amount of donations decreased by 30 percent compared to last year. W: It must be a tough year for charities this year. Susie James

179 30 article donation the needy economy charity as usual make sense donate large sum compared to tough 9. W: Excuse me. Can I help you? M : Hello, Ms. Knight. My name is Kevin Bell. Don t you recognize me? W: Kevin Bell. Oh, you were the tallest boy in the whole grade, right? M : Yes. You still remember me, Ms. Knight! W: You ve become much more handsome. M : I m flattered. You ve always encouraged me. W: That s what I think is important. M : You once told me Be yourself! at the end of one of your literature classes. W: Did I? M : Yes. I was very encouraged by your words. I ve really appreciated that moment, even after graduating. W: Oh, I m afraid I don t remember. So, what brings you here today? M : I m waiting to see Ms. Baker. W: The bell s going to ring in ten minutes. She ll be out soon. It was nice to see you again. M : Same here. Knight Kevin Bell Kevin Bell. Knight Baker 10 Baker Knight recognize grade encourage literature appreciate graduate What brings you here? Same here. 10. W: Wow, did you make this snowman, Larry? M : Yes, Grandma. Do you like him? W: Yes. He looks fantastic. I especially like the hat he s wearing. M : I made his eyebrows thick. W: And he s wearing sunglasses, too. Where did you get them? M : I borrowed them from Grandpa. W: His long nose looks very funny. It reminds me of Pinocchio. M : That s it, Grandma! I m going to call him Pinocchio. W: I like the muffler around his neck, too. But why did you put a broom in his hand? M : I wish he could sweep the snow for us. W: It would be nice if he could. Larry 179

180 Answers & Explanations eyebrow thick borrow muffler broom sweep 11. M : Hi, Grace. You look like you re really busy! W: Hi, Jeff. I m doing research for my biology paper. My subject is hippos. M : Wow, that s a great choice! Hippos are really interesting animals! W: Yeah, they are, but I can t find enough material about them. This library has only one book about hippos! M : Wait. Do you know Sarah? W: No, I don t. Why? M : Her father is a biology professor and I heard his office is full of books about all kinds of animals. W: Oh, great! Can you introduce her to me? M : Sure. No problem. I bet you can find something there. W: Thanks a million! Grace Jeff Sarah research subject hippo material bet 12. M : Susan, what are these boxes? W: Tomorrow, we re throwing a party for twenty children from the local orphanage. The boxes are presents for them. M : You mean, your volunteer club in our company will do it? W: Exactly. M : So that s why you re wrapping up these presents. Where are you going to have the party? W: In our company s meeting room. M : Is there anything I can help you with? W: Well, we already finished cleaning up and decorating the room. M : Then, is there anything else for me to do? W: Hmm. Wait, there s one thing. I heard you re good at making animals with balloons. Would you make them for the children at the party? M : I d love to do that. W: Thank you so much. Susan

181 throw a party local orphanage wrap up decorate balloon 13. M : What are you doing here, Jessica? W: Oh, Kevin. I m working on my report. M : What s the topic of your report? W: It s about the problems of the Internet. M : Oh, that s interesting. You mean Internet security or something like that? W: That can also be one of the problems. But I m dealing with a different problem in my report. M : What problem is that? W: The Internet is too expensive for people in poor countries to use. M : That s right. I ve read an article about that problem. According to the article, about 80% of people around the world have no access to the Internet. W: For them, the Internet is a pie in the sky. M : I think you chose a great topic. Can you show me your report when you finish it? W: Sure. Jessica Kevin 80 security expensive article according to access a pie in the sky 14. W: Hey, Steve. I heard you got a new job. M : Yeah. I work at a trading company now. W: How are you doing there? M : Well, actually I miss my previous job. W: Why? Your salary is higher than before, isn t it? M : That s true, but I m not satisfied with my life in the company. W: Do you have any trouble getting along with your fellow workers? M : No. The problem is the heavy workload. W: No wonder the company gives you a high salary. M : I know, but I wish I had some time to rest. W: You can t have your cake and eat it too. Steve 181

182 Answers & Explanations The problem is the heavy workload. I wish I had some time to rest $180 check regular member previous salary workload No wonder ~ rest You can t have your cake and eat it too. 15. Water Kingdom M : Honey, what re you doing on the Internet? W: John and Sue asked me to buy tickets for Water Kingdom. I m checking the prices. M : Why don t we go with them? W: Sure, we can do that! M : Okay. How much are the tickets? W: For the two of us, adult tickets are 60 dollars each. M : Then, how much is it for John and Sue? W: It s 40 dollars per child. M : How much of a discount can regular members like us get? W: The four of us can get a 10% discount. M : Sounds great. It s not as expensive as I thought. W: Good. I ll buy four tickets now. John Sue Water Kingdom 60 John Sue Locarno W: Have you ever heard of the Locarno Film Festival? Founded in 1946, this film festival is held every August in Switzerland. This is a film festival with a long history. It s well known for discovering new trends and numerous talented directors and actors. The most famous thing at this festival is the open-air screening space in Piazza Grande with one of the largest screens in the world. The enormous plaza has room for over 8,000 spectators. The top prize in the festival is the Golden Leopard which is awarded to the best film. Other awards include the Silver Leopard for the second best film, and the Bronze Leopard for the best actor and actress. Locarno Film Festival Piazza Grande 8,000 1 Golden Leopard Silver Leopard Bronze Leopard Bronze Leopard found hold be well known for 182

183 discover numerous talented open-air enormous room spectator leopard award actress 17. M : Honey, look at this schedule! W: Oh, you finally got it! Fortunately, all five yoga courses have only two classes a week. M : Yes. Let s choose a course we can take together. W: Okay. First, we should forget the course that has a class on Friday evenings. M : Right. That s when we do our volunteer work at the nursing home. W: I can t take a yoga lesson on Thursdays, either. As you know, I have a book discussion meeting with my coworkers on that day of the week. M : Then, only two options are left. How about the course that has a class on Mondays? W: I think it ll help us to start the week feeling good. M : I agree. Let s choose this one then. W: Okay. It says online registration is possible. M : That s good. Let s register for it right now. volunteer work nursing home discussion co-worker registration register for weekly 18. M : I m glad your parents had a great time with us today, honey. W: Thank you for spending a full day with them. M : No problem! That s my duty as the only son-in-law. W: I know, but I appreciate you trying to make them feel happy. M : I think they ve felt lonely since you got married. W: You re right. I m the only daughter. They must miss me a lot. M : I think so, too. Have your parents ever had a pet? W: They had a dog ten years ago. Why do you ask? M : I heard raising a pet is good for seniors emotional and physical health. W: Are you saying we should buy them a pet?

184 Answers & Explanations duty son-in-law appreciate lonely get married only daughter miss pet raise senior emotional physical 19. W: Hi, Chris. I can t believe it! James Walker is going to give a lecture in our school auditorium next month. M : Really? He s a famous writer, isn t he? W: Yes, I m really excited. Have you read his bestseller Rise Up and Shine? M : Sure. I really loved the story. How about you? W: Yeah, it s one of my favorite books. I ll read it again before the lecture. M : Good idea. It s worth reading a second time. W: Well, there s probably going to be a question-andanswer session after the lecture. M : I think so, too. Do you have any questions? W: Yes. I have lots of questions. I especially want to ask him about his teenage years. M : Sounds like you re really looking forward to meeting him. Chris. James Walker Rise Up and Shine give a lecture auditorium shine be worth doing question-and-answer session teenage cancel come up with look forward to doing 20. M : Jake and Tom are classmates in a high school. They are having lunch together in the school cafeteria and something terrible happens to Tom. He bites something hard and breaks one of his teeth. The situation is really serious, so they go to Mr. Hudson, their homeroom teacher, to tell him about it. But he s not in his office. Since he thinks it s a duty to tell Mr. Hudson his situation first, Tom doesn t want to take an early leave. However, his condition is getting worse and Jake thinks it s urgent. In this situation, what would Jake most likely say to Tom? Jake : Go see a doctor first. I ll tell Mr. Hudson later. Jake Tom Tom Hudson 184

185 Tom Hudson Jake Jake Tom Jake Hudson Tom Jake Hudson Hudson classmate terrible homeroom teacher early leave urgent 21~22. M : Did you know that a third of our landfill is made up of packaging materials that have been thrown away? Shocking, isn t it? Is there anything we can do about this? One way is to buy products with the least amount of packaging. If you do this, companies that spend time and money on wasteful wrappers will notice a drop in sales. When they discover that their excess packaging is the reason, they will change their ways. Another way you can make a difference is to buy products with packaging that can be reused or recycled. Also, keep in mind that you should stay away from cosmetic companies that add unnecessary packaging, such as plastic or cloth. Finally, stay clear of individually wrapped foods using paper or styrofoam; instead, go for something healthier, such as fruit that has no wrapping at all. Remember, when faced with the same two products, always choose the one with less packaging One way is to buy products with the least amount of packaging. 22. landfill packaging wasteful wrapper excess make a difference reuse cosmetic stay clear of go for

186 Answers [Not bringing the problem to students attention] will not make it go away. [Not bringing ~] make go responsibility controversial administrator mention inappropriate censor bully confront publication 24. & Explanations Pottenger Abundant Series Paul Larson Please send me the pricing information and any other relevant material. A colleague showed me a catalog [featuring your Abundant Series of folders] [that also act as clipboards]. [featuring ~] a catalog a catalog feature featuring [that ~] your Abundant Series of folders I d also be interested in [how much the unit price would be on additional orders of 10 or more folders]. [how ~] in attendee clipboard agenda feature at once volume discount bulk order relevant 25. ~, you don t necessarily take it seriously or try to help her get the paperwork and permissions completed. help to get get the paperwork and permissions complete completed When a manager wants to go home after a long day of work, you know [that the trip is short] and [that he will be back the following day]. [that ~] know When a psychologist talks to you about going home mentally to heal childhood wounds, ~. to heal ~ wounds The more common the word, the more meanings it probably has. 186

187 the the mental hospital not necessarily take ~ seriously paperwork permission complete supportive encouragement psychologist mentally heal wound process depend on purpose They have an intense energy [that seeks new answers, a drive and dedication {that propels them toward their goals}]. [that ~] an intense energy{that ~} a drive and dedication Those words are still the best description of [how to dream up enterprises {that are likely to succeed}]. [how to ~] of {that ~} enterprises entrepreneurial worthwhile intense drive dedication propel put off competitor achieve passionate catchphrase description consistently adapt to Sky Park :00 1:00 8:00 5:00 8:00 5:00 8:00 1: :00 5: Children have special access to demonstrations, experiments and a field trip. Children begin [to learn the characteristics of different planets and moons]. begin to [to learn ~] 187

188 Answers & Explanations stargazer fascinating observatory characteristic moon have access to demonstration experiment 28. Willmar Central 25 Central Willmar Wild Nature 100 Wild Nature 20% Kids Wild 10% Thomas Willmar 60 Central 100 Don t miss the opportunity [to get a membership for Wild Nature at $100]. to [to get ~] the opportunity Thomas 6 Willmar If your children are interested in swimming and want to compete in the Central Swim Competition, our team is just right for them. If are want compete competition applicant freestyle attend fee include entry registration opportunity membership send A direct to B B content publish sister website subject natural history political geography environment available benefit

189 The general trend in all five areas is [that the percentage of people aged 65 and over is expected to increase in 2025 and 2050]. [that ~] is Among the five areas, Europe had the highest percentage of total population aged 65 and over in 2000, and is expected to have the highest percentage in 2025 and 2050, too. and is Europe population trend slightly gap project proportion 31. (A) like or reject see what (B) how you yourself (C) look feel energetic Videos are a way to view ourselves as others do. do do view us Often, simply remembering to sit up straight during the day, with your head high and your shoulders back, is all you need to do to look, and feel, more energetic. simply remembering to sit up straight during the day is remember to reject analyze posture clue energetic 32. Eastman Kodak Company Kodak (A) continued discontinued continued (B) denied realized realized (C) filled generated filled It took a note to headquarters from a happy 189

190 Answers customer, thanking the group for their excellent work, before the board of directors realized that this entire division had been lost and left on its own. It takes ~ It takes ~ before realized had been lost and left The beauty of this situation, of course, is [that the people in this division knew their jobs and did them they filled the vacuum, and they acted as if they had never needed a leader]. [that ~] is as ifhad p.p. massive reorganization division unintentionally line headquarters effectively efficiently top executive exist note entire vacuum 33. & Explanations 2 Harry Harry Harry exciting There were two inches of white fluffy stuff all over the ground, parked cars, rooftops, tree branches, and the school! and the ground, parked cars, rooftops, tree branches, the school We joyfully sank to our knees in a snowbank [near the school ramp] and started making them. and sank started [near ~] a snowbank snowfall fluffy stuff snowball sink snowbank ramp pack down in no time pile fire 34. There s a chance the animal could be ill, and some wild animals can carry diseases [that you are better off not being exposed to]. [that ~] diseases panic somewhat harmless 190

191 relax one s guard be exposed to raccoon opossum definitely caution ~, yet he continued to try to squeeze himself into a suit [that had obviously fitted him in his leaner youth]. [that ~] a suit This, and the fact that his collar size was an inch or so smaller than his neck, made him look unrelaxed, hot, sweaty and bursting out all over. made him look make made look unrelaxedhotsweaty bursting public platform client admit to suffer from constant nerves apparent overweight squeeze fit lean burst out pop strain figure point out at a stroke 36. Everyone has filters and [only by acknowledging them] can you begin to get a clearer picture. only A man will see taking out the trash as a duty, [while his wife, because she finds it distasteful, will perceive it as a small act of love]. while 191

192 Answers & Explanations perceive acknowledge distasteful cultivate mindful category appreciate prejudice retain adopt shaky prerequisite criterion verifiable test 37. Urie Bronfenbrenner Bronfenbrenner 2 Bronfenbrenner Bronfenbrenner (A) However (B) (B) (B) Consequently Dr. Urie Bronfenbrenner, an authority on child development, was asked during a U.S. Senate hearing to indicate the most critical years in a child s development. be asked to asked to indicate during a U.S. Senate hearing He agreed that the preschool years are vital, but so is every other phase of childhood. so be so is every other phase of childhood every other phase of childhood is vital, too authority Senate hearing indicate critical senator emphasize preschool validate assumption vital phase committee self-doubt personality assault emerge broken discouraged 38. [Going over a piece of information several times] does increase the likelihood of remembering it. [Going ~] does increase 192

193 The major problem with this technique is that it doesn t require you to understand what you are learning. require to go over likelihood memorize connect existing knowledge concept get back later on rehearse frequently lead to 39. thus They were usually made to slope, not, as is the practice today, toward a gutter on each side, but toward the middle. not A but B B toward a gutter on each side toward the middle B Nor was there any sidewalk; pedestrians could only keep as far as possible from the middle of the road, but were always liable to be splashed by the passage of animals and vehicles. nor nor there was was there be liable to to slope medieval fall short of pave note at best occasional dressing miniature watercourse sidewalk pedestrian be liable to do splash passage vehicle dispose of household waste 40. (C) (B) (A) (C) (B) 1 (B) (A) 193

194 Answers & Explanations A I declined his request, [saying he had had too many sweets already that day]. [saying ~] had had B The result: he did what I asked him to do. what C If Daddy bought you ice cream last week, isn t it only right for you [to do something for Daddy now]? it [to do ~] for you to do decline request sweet hesitation negotiate amount result link A to B current negotiation by implication 41~42. Nan-in Nan-in Rich 41. Rich 42. It is so full of your ideas and opinions that there is no room for me to show you Zen! so ~ that I found in my interviews with vital, growing people [that all of them are passionately curious, full of childlike excitement, delight, and wonder]. [that ~] found expert scholarly repertoire trickle no longer hold back opinion vital passionately curious mental rotate as long as 43~45. (A) 194

195 (D) (B) (C) 43. (A) (D) (B) (C) 44. (a) 45. make her ruler over the sun and the moon where he will find his wife in their old hut. where homewhere and there D The fisherman asks the fish to grant his wife s wish, which is to turn their small hut into a little cottage. which his wife s wish enchanted comply with request release tire of cottage castle grant dissatisfied palace empress ruler be fed up with greed hut persuade in return for A The fisherman complies with the request and returns home empty-handed [telling his wife ~]. [telling ~] The fisherman A ~, he did catch and release a large fish that was really an enchanted prince. do[does, did] he caught and released C The enchanted prince is finally fed up with the wife s greed and tells the fisherman to return home, 195

196 1 6~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

197 EDUCATIONAL BROADCASTING SYSTEM

198 EDUCATIONAL BROADCASTING SYSTEM

199 EDUCATIONAL BROADCASTING SYSTEM

200 EDUCATIONAL BROADCASTING SYSTEM