서울 R e - O p e n i n g

Transcription

1 서울 R e - O p e n i n g

2 서울 R e - O p e n i n g

3 Preface 저희는더새롭고, 넓고, 모던한전시공간으로새롭게이전한오페라갤러리서울을기념하기위하여준비한이대담한전시회에미술애호가들과컬렉터분들을초대할수있게되어기쁘게생각합니다. 오페라갤러리서울의새공간이갖춘잠재력을최대한활용하여이번전시는 3층에걸쳐세개의주제들을따르는여정으로구성되었습니다. 갤러리에위치한 Black Room 에전시될 Masters on Paper( 종이위에거장들 ) 는마크샤갈, 호안미로, 파블로피카소에서부터알렉산더칼더, 자오우키에이르기까지, 미술사에서가장유명한아티스트들의원작들을볼수있는특별한기회를방문객들에게제공합니다. 갤러리의또다른공간에서펼쳐지는 Contemporary Curated Artists ( 현대미술가기획전 ) 는오늘날현대미술계에서발견되는창의적인기법들과주제들을부각시키며관람객에게메시지를전달하는역동인전시입니다. 이전시는안젤름레일르의시각적, 형식주 의적효과들, 백남준의창조적인매스미디어설치물, 마놀로발데스의상징적모티프, 만화의영향을받은무라카미다카시와쿠사마야요이의팝유니버스 (Pop universe), 또한게오르크바젤리츠의원초적인에너지가한데모여우리를인도할것입니다. 또한이곳에서우리는신진태국아티스트인시티퐁로차이송이보여주는최신세대의작품들까지만나게될것입니다. 마지막으로, 이번전시의세번째주제는화가이자조각가인로베르콩바스의단독전시에초점을맞춥니다. 프랑스자유구상 (Figuration Libre) 운동의선구자인그는그래피티, 락앤롤, 펑크, 만화영화등의하위문화에영감을받았습니다. 그의열정적인그림은만화같은이미지와대담한색채를역설적으로사용함으로써캔버스를통해신랄한사회적메시지를던지고있습니다. 저희는새롭게변화된오페라갤러리서울에서여러분을만나뵐수있게되어기쁘게생각하고있으며, 앞으로도예술을통한이열정적이고창의적인모험에계속동참해주시길바랍니다. In celebration of Opera Gallery Seoul s relocation to a new, larger and more exclusive gallery space, we are delighted to invite art lovers and collectors to discover our exciting opening exhibition. Spanning three floors and making the most of the presentation potential of Opera Gallery Seoul s superb new space, the exhibition was compiled as a journey of three distinct parts. In the Black Room of the Gallery, Modern Masters on Paper offers visitors the unique opportunity to view original works on paper by some of the most established and revered names from modern art history, from Marc Chagall, Joan Miró and Pablo Picasso to Alexander Calder, Zao Wou-Ki and Keith Haring among others. Moving forward, Contemporary Curated Artists is a dynamic and thought provoking display that showcases some of the eclectic themes and techniques found on in the international contemporary art scene. We bring together the dazzling optical and formal effects of Anselm Reyle, the multimedia installation of Nam June Paik, the expressive iconic motifs of Manolo Valdés, the Manga influenced Pop universe of Takashi Murakami and Yoshitomo Nara and the raw energy of Georg Baselitz, through to the latest generation of artists, notably the young, emergent Thai artist Sittiphon Lochaisong, among a whole host of other suprises. Finally, the third part of our opening exhibition focuses on the painter and sculptor Robert Combas in a small solo presentation of his works. A pioneer of the French Figuration Libre movement, Combas was inspired by the graffiti, rock 'n' roll, punk and comic book sub-cultures. His energetic paintings are distinguished by their paradoxical use of cartoon imagery and bold colours to make acute, energetic and biting, social commentary. We look forward to welcoming you to the brand new Opera Gallery Seoul and thank you for joining us for the continued expansion of our creative adventure. 질디앙설립자, 회장오페라갤러리그룹 Gilles Dyan Founder and Chairman Opera Gallery Group 강현승오페라갤러리서울이사회고문 Chloe Kang Board Advisor of Opera Gallery Seoul 2 3

4 Modern Masters on Paper

5 Jean Dubuffet 장뒤뷔페 ( ) 1901년프랑스 르아브르 에서태어난 Jean Dubuffet 는 아르브뤼 (Art Brut) 의창시자로평가받고있다. 전통적인예술과제도화된문화를거부하면서, 예술계를떠나겠다고두번씩이나공표했던 Dubuffet는 1942년부터예술에만전념했다. 아이들, 죄수, 정신병환자들처럼미적기준을알지못하는사람들의작품에대한관심은그의예술철학의핵심이되었다. 그는전후 ( 戰後 ) 프랑스역사상가장논란이많은예술가중한사람이다. Jean Dubuffet의작품에는회화, 콜라주, 조각및기념물등이있다. 베니스의 Palazzo Grassi, 런던의 Tate Gallery, Centre Georges Pompidou, 그리고뉴욕의 Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum 에서그의회고전이열렸다. 생의마지막 10년동안, Dubuffet는색연필과펠트펜으로종이에연작들을그렸다. 그의말을빌리자면, 이작품들은 아무도살지않는곳으로떠나는마음의여행 이었다. 활동초기부터다양한색깔과콜라주기법을자주사용했기때문에, 한층친밀감이드는이러한작품들에는색깔과형식에대한그만의체계적인접근방식이그대로남아있다. Born in Le Havre, France in 1901, Jean Dubuffet is considered the founding father of Art Brut. Rejecting traditional fundamentals of art and institutionalised culture, Dubuffet twice declared to leave the world of art before devoting himself full time in His interest in works of art produced by people working outside of aesthetic norms, such as children, prisoners and psychiatric patients, became the core of his artistic philosophy. He remains one of the most controversial post-war French artists in history. Dubuffet s oeuvre includes paintings, collages, sculptures and monuments. Retrospectives of his works have been held at the Palazzo Grassi in Venice, the Tate Gallery in London, the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris and the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York. During the last ten years of his life, Dubuffet made a series of works with coloured pencil and felt-tip pen on paper. In the artist s own words, these works were excursions of the mind into no man s land. Expanding his colour palette and revisiting collage techniques from earlier periods in his career, these more intimate drawings embody the artist s signature structural approaches to colour and form. Site avec deux personnages, 10 septembre 1981 Acrylic on paper. 50 x 67 cm I 19.7 x 26.4 in Fondation Dubuffet, Paris Waddington Custot, London Private collection Literature Max Loreau, Catalogue des travaux de Jean Dubuffet, fascicule XXXIV: Psycho-sites, Les Éditions de Minuit, Paris, 1984, no. 293, p

6 Site avec quatre personnages, 20 août 1981 Acrylic on paper. 50 x 67 cm I 19.7 x 26.4 in Site avec quatre personnages, 31 août 1981 Acrylic on paper. 50 x 67 cm I 19.7 x 26.4 in Fondation Dubuffet, Paris Waddington Custot, London Private collection Fondation Dubuffet, Paris Waddington Custot, London Private collection Literature Max Loreau, Catalogue des travaux de Jean Dubuffet, fascicule XXXIV: Psycho-sites, Les Éditions de Minuit, Paris, 1984, no. 261, p. 72 Literature Max Loreau, Catalogue des travaux de Jean Dubuffet, fascicule XXXIV: Psycho-sites, Les Éditions de Minuit, Paris, 1984, no. 275, p

7 Alexander Calder 알렉산더칼더 ( ) Alexander Calder는 1898년미국필라델피아에서태어났다. 그는유명한조각가인 Alexander Stirling Calder의아들이었고, Alexander Milne Calder의손자였다. Stevens Institute of Technology에서기계공학학위를받은후, Calder는여러직업을전전하다가 1923년에뉴욕시의 Art Students League에입학했다. 이곳에서미니어쳐서커스단을처음만들었고, 혁신적인추상조각가로서의명성을얻기시작했다. Calder는섬세하게균형을잡고있는형상이공기흐름에따라움직이도록매달아놓거나세워놓은 움직이는 조각을처음으로만들었다. Marcel Duchamp는이것을일종의 모빌 이라고불렀다. 그는 1952년베니스베엔날레의조각부문에서상을받았고, 1954년 Pittsburgh International에서는조각부문 1등을차지했다. Calder는자신의조각작업과병행하여 1953년에는프랑스 엑상프로방스 에서 1년정도머무르면서과슈 (gouache) 기법으로연작을그렸다. 그림을빨리그릴수있기때문에, Calder는과슈기법을통해자신의조각작품에서표현하고자하는언어를즉흥적으로구현하면서나중에그의작품에영향을주게되는각형태의구상 (angular figuratism) 을활용한다. 기하학적형태를기반으로하는 Calder의선 ( 線 ) 은자연의풍부함과다양성, 그리고이것이자연스럽게만들어내는분위기를의도적으로단순하게전달한다. 그의작품은전세계주요미술관에전시되어있다. Alexander Calder was born in Philadelphia, USA in He was the son of Alexander Stirling Calder and grandson of Alexander Milne Calder, both well-known sculptors. After obtaining his mechanical engineering degree from the Stevens Institute of Technology, Calder worked various jobs before enrolling at the Art Students League in New York City in It was here that he finished his first miniature travelling circus and began making a name for himself as an innovative abstract sculptor. Calder is known as the originator of the suspended or standing kinetic sculpture made from delicately balanced shapes and set in motion by air currents; a device Marcel Duchamp named mobiles. He was awarded the main prize for sculpture at the Venice Biennale in 1952 and first prize for sculpture in the 1954 Pittsburgh International. Calder created a series of paintings in gouache during a yearlong stay in Aix-en-Provence, France in 1953 in parallel to his sculptural practice. Painting quickly, the gouache allowed Calder to quickly translate the vocabulary of his sculpture into something more immediate, using an angular figuratism, which often served as inspiration for later sculpted works. Presenting a synthesis of geometric forms, Calder s lines convey, with considered simplicity, the abundance and diversity of nature and the spontaneous impressions it evokes. His works are held in almost every major museum collection worldwide. Cattails and Yellow Moon,1968 Signed and dated on the lower right Gouache on paper x cm I 29.4 x 43.5 in Private collection Certificate This work is registered in the archives of the Calder Foundation, New York, under application number A

8 Untitled, 1953 Signed and dated on the lower right Gouache on paper x 63.5 cm I 19 x 25 in Private collection, Rome Sotheby s, New York, 25 September 2013, lot 316 Private collection, New York Certificate This work is registered in the archives of the Calder Foundation, New York, under application number A

9 Marc Chagall 마크샤갈 ( ) 1887년벨라루스 비테부스크 의유대인가정에서태어난 Marc Chagall은가장존경받는 20세기미술가중한사람이다. 야수파, 입체파및초현실주의파와잘어울리던 Chagall은독창적인색깔과환상적인도상학 ( 圖像學 ) 을이용하여전통방식과다른자신만의상징적스타일을개발했다. 젊은시절에는상트페테르부르크와파리를오가면서공부와작업을병행한 Chagall 의몽상적인색조와기발한피사체 ( 예를들면말과바이올리니스트 ) 는당시입체파의작품과구별되었다. 그의작품들은동유럽시골의목가적인마을에서보냈던어린시절에서영감을얻었고, 유대교와유대문화, 러시아전통문화, 성경, 음악, 연극및그의부인 Bella에대한사랑의영향도많이받았다. Chagall은이러한영감의원천을자신의작품에, 캔버스에, 종이에, 때로는판화용에칭 (etching) 에담아냈다. 다작 ( 多作 ) 으로도유명하지만, 그의작품들은파리의 Opéra de Paris 또는뉴욕시의 Metropolitan Opera에랜드마크로장식되어있다. 1973년에는프랑스 니스 에 Musée National Marc Chagall이들어섰고, Musée du Luxembourg, 뉴욕의 Jewish Museum, 런던의 Tate Modern, 파리의 Grand Palais를포함하여세계주요미술관에서그의회고전이열렸다. 그의작품들은전세계주요공공 / 민간컬렉션에서도찾아볼수있다. Born in 1887 in the city of Vitebsk in Belarus to Jewish parents, Marc Chagall is one of the most admired artists of the 20 th century. Rubbing shoulders with Fauvism, Cubism and Surrealism, Chagall developed his own iconic style separately from conventions with a distinctive colour palette and fantastical iconography. Spending his early years studying and working between Saint Petersburg and Paris, Chagall s dreamlike hues and whimsical subjects, such as the horse and the violinist, distinguished his work from the Cubist artists of the time. His oeuvre drew inspiration from his childhood in the pastoral countryside of Eastern European villages, as well as from Jewish religion and culture, Russian folklore, the Bible, music and theatre and his love for his wife Bella. Chagall wove these sources of inspiration into his artworks - on canvas, on paper and occasionally in etchings for printing. In addition, his works can also be found adorning landmarks such as the Opéra de Paris and the Metropolitan Opera in New York City. The Musée National Marc Chagall in Nice was inaugurated in 1973 and retrospectives of his work have been held in major museums worldwide including the Musée du Luxembourg; the Jewish Museum of New York; the Tate Modern in London, the MoMA in New York and the Grand Palais in Paris. His works are found in the most important public and private collections in the world. L'Acrobate rouge, Signed on the lower right Watercolour, pastel, gouache and India ink on Japan paper x 28.2 cm I 15 x 11.1 in Artist's studio Christie's, London, 8 February 2007, lot 719 Private collection, Hong Kong Exhibited Hommage à Chagall, Takashiyama Art galleries, Nihonhashi, 1986, no. 67 (titled as Le Cirque rouge) Certificate The Comité Marc Chagall has confirmed the authenticity of this work 14 15

10 Pablo Picasso 파블로피카소 ( ) Pablo Picasso 는 1881 년에스페인 말라가 에서태어났다. 이후주로프랑스에서생활했다. 그는근대기의가장존경받고영향력있는미술가로평가받고있다. Pablo Picasso 의작품에는화가, 조각가, 판화가및도예가로서의천부적재능이고스란히담겨있다. 그는끊임없이다양한스타일과기술을개발하고실험하면서예술가운동을주도하여 20 세기미술과문화의혁신적발전에크게기여했다. Picasso 는어린시절부터그림에대한열정과재능을보여주었다. 7 세때부터아버지로부터정식미술교육을받았다. 그는 1900 년에처음파리를방문했고, 1901 년후반에귀국했다. 이시기를그의 청색시기 (Blue Period) 라고하는데, 1904 년까지지속되었다 년까지는그의 장미빛시기 (Rose Period) 라고부른다. 이후 Picasso 의작품은아프리카원시주의의영향을많이받았다. 이시기에그의걸작 아비뇽의처녀들 (Les Demoiselles d'avignon) 이발표되었다. 이때심취했던형식적관념론은이후입체파화가들에게직접적인영향을주었다. 분석적입체주의는 Picasso 가 Georges Braque 와함께발전시킨화법이다. 두화가들은사물을따로구분하여이것을자신들만의형태로분석했고, 이것은절단한종이조각들을붙여서하나의구성을표현하는 종합적큐비즘 으로발전했다. 순수미술에서콜라주를처음사용한것이다 년대에는미노타우로스 (minotaur; 사람의몸에소의머리를한괴물 ) 가그의작품모티프로자주사용되기시작했다. 초현실주의화가들과의만남이미노타우로스를사용하게된계기가되었다. 이들은미노타우로스를자신들의상징물로활용하는경우가많았다. 스페인내전당시독일군의 게르니카 폭격을묘사한 Picasso 의가장유명한작품인 Guernica 에도미노타우로스가등장한다. 생을마감할때까지, Picasso 의후기작품에는여러가지스타일과표현방식이다양하게시도되고있다. Pablo Picasso 작품전시회는자주열렸고, 전세계주요미술관, 재단및민간컬렉션에서그의그림들이전시되어있다. Pablo Picasso was born in Málaga, Spain in He spent most of his adult life in France. He is celebrated as one of the most respected and influential artists of the modern era. Pablo Picasso's artworks utilise his innate abilities as painter, sculptor, engraver and ceramist. He spent his career perpetually developing and experimenting with a range styles and techniques, pioneering artistic movements that contributed significantly towards revolutionary developments in twentieth century art and culture. Picasso showed a passion and a skill for drawing from an early age. From the age of seven, he received formal artistic training from his father. He made his first trip to Paris in 1900 and returned in late This period defined the beginning of his 'Blue Period 'which continued until His Rose Period followed until 1906 after which Picasso work became heavily influenced by African primitivism. This period is highlighted by his revolutionary masterpiece, the painting Les Demoiselles d'avignon. Formal ideas developed during this period lead directly into the Cubist period that follows. Analytic cubism is a style of painting Picasso developed with Georges Braque. Both artists took apart objects and analysed them in terms of their shapes, this then developed in to Synthetic Cubism, in which cut paper fragments were pasted into compositions, marking the first use of collage in fine art. During the 1930s, the minotaur became the common motif in his work. His use of the minotaur came partly from his contact with the Surrealists, who often used it as their symbol, and it appears in Picasso's Guernica, arguably Picasso's most famous work, his depiction of the German bombing of Guernica during the Spanish Civil War. Picasso's final works were a mixture of styles, his means of expression in constant flux until the end of his life. Pablo Picasso's exhibitions have been extensive, with paintings in key museums, foundations and private collections worldwide. Tête de femme, 21 July 1970 Signed and dated on the upper left Coloured ink on paper x 25 cm I 12.7 x 9.8 in Galerie Louise Leiris, Paris O Hana Gallery, London Samuel J. & Ethel LeFrak, New York Literature Christian Zervos, Pablo Picasso, vol. 32, œuvres de 1970, Éditions Cahiers d Art, Paris, 1977, no.235, ill. p

11 Joan Miró 호안미로 ( ) Joan Miró 는 1893 년에스페인에서태어났다. Miró 는근대의가장영향력있는미술가중한사람으로평가받고있다. Joan Miró 의예술세계는수십년동안많은미술가들과애호가들에게영향을주었고이들을사로잡았다. 젊은시절부터 Miró 는미술에특별한관심을보였고, 불과 7 세때에데생학원에다니기시작했다. 이후 La Llotja 의순수미술학원에입학했고, The Cercle Artístic de Sant Lluc 에도다녔다 년에바르셀로나에서첫번째개인전을열었고, 1921 년에는파리로건너가몽빠르나스를중심으로형성된예술공동체의일원이될수있었다. 파리에서생활하는동안초현실주의대가중한사람인 André Breton 을만났고, 이를계기로 Miró 는초현실주의그룹에동참하게되었다. 정식회원은아니었기때문에미적표현에대한또다른형식과학파에대해연구할수있었다. 처음에는정물화와풍경화를그렸지만, 파리로이주하면서그의기술과스타일과구성에큰변화가나타났다. 야수파, 입체파, 초현실주의, 다다이즘과접하면서영향을받을수밖에없었던 Miró 는자신의작품이특정운동으로분류되는것을원치않았다. 과감한색채, 생명형태적형식, 기하학적형태, 반 ( 半 ) 추상적인사물등은점차그의작품을대표하는고유의스타일이되었다. 살아있는동안, 그리고그의사후에도자타가공인하는위대한미술가의작품들은세계곳곳에서전시되었고, 탄생 100 주년을기념하여유명미술관들이그의회고전을대규모로진행했다. Miró 는지금도현대미술에영향을주고있으며, 특히 Calder, Pollock 및 Rothko 와같은추상표현주의화가들의작품에많은영향을주었다. 학계와소장가들모두존경하는 Miró 의작품들은계속걸작으로남아있을것이다. Joan Miró was a Spanish artist born in Miró is recognised as one of the most influential artists of the modern era. Miró grew up in a family of craftsmen who immersed him in art and creativity. From a young age, Miró displayed a keen interest in art and began attending drawing classes at the tender age of 7. Later he was enrolled into the fine art academy at La Llotja, followed by The Cercle Artístic de Sant Lluc. In 1918, Miró had his first solo exhibition in Barcelona after which he moved to Paris in 1921, so that he could be part of the art community that has gathered in Montparnasse. It was during his stay in Paris that he encountered André Breton; one of the leading figures in Surrealism, who lead Miró to join the surrealist group - though not as an official member so that he could explore other forms and school of artistic expression. Though Miró initially painted still life and landscape, this move to Paris proved to be a pivotal change regarding his technique, style and composition. Exposed and receptive to influences from Fauvism to Cubism, Surrealism, and Dada, Miró refused to let his art be categorised into a precise movement. Boldly coloured strokes, biomorphic forms, geometric shapes, semi-abstract objects, gradually came to define Miró s signature style represented in his art. During Miró s lifetime and after, the works of this internationally acclaimed artist have exhibited extensively around the world with many large retrospective exhibitions at prestigious museums devoted to his works notably on the 100 th anniversary of his birth. Miró has continued to exert his influence in modern art, notably in the works of Abstract Expressionist artists such as Calder, Pollock, and Rothko. Sincerely appreciated by art academic and art collectors, Miró s works remains highly sought after. Untitled (from Grafikmappe Hochschule St. Gallen), 1967 Signed on the lower right Colour lithograph, edition of x 50.5 cm I 26 x 19.9 in German Auktionshaus, Zurich, 4 June 2013, lot 243 Private collection Literature Patrick Cramer, Miró Lithographs III, Maeght Publisher, Paris, 1967, no

12 Zao Wou-Ki 자오우키 ( ) Zao Wou-Ki는 1920년중국베이징에서태어났다. 그는전후미술계의거장으로동시대중국화가중가장잘알려진화자중한사람이다. Zao Wou-Ki는전통적인중국문인화에현대적회화기법을활용했다. 1948년파리로건너간 Zao는중국의흔적을버리고중국풍경화의영향을받은 Paul Klee의스타일로그림을그리기시작했다. 1954년, Zao는중국미술과혼재되어대비되는색깔과서정적인추상화이라는독특한분위기를보여주었는데, 중국의전통적인풍경을유럽서양화의렌즈로보는것같았다. Zao는객관적으로동양의영향을받은미술작품으로받아들여지는것을좋아하지않아먹 (ink) 사용을가급적으로피하면서캘리그라픽스타일로유화를그렸다. 중국의전통적인풍경화와마찬가지로, Zao의그림은장엄한경치들이모여자신의내부에너지가드러나듯유연함과투명함, 그리고품위있는화려함을보여주고있다. Zao Wou-Ki was a Chinese artist born in Beijing, China in He was a master of postwar art and one of the most collected Chinese painters of his generation, Zao Wou-Ki applied Modernist art making techniques to traditional Chinese literati painting. Zao moved to Paris in 1948, rejecting his Chinese heritage, and immediately began painting a style influenced by Paul Klee, who in turn was influenced by Chinese landscape painting. By 1954, Zao had developed a unique aesthetic that was marked by contrasting colours and lyrical abstraction which merged Chinese art, as viewed through the lens of European abstraction, with traditional Chinese landscapes. Zao remained wary of objectively Eastern-influenced art and avoided using ink for much of his career, preferring to work with oil paint in a calligraphic style. Like traditional Chinese landscape painting, Zao s paintings function as fragments of a larger scene, possessing fluidity, transparency, and a graceful luminosity representative of the artist s interior energies. Untitled, 2003 Signed and dated on the lower right India ink on paper laid down on paper x 97 cm I 46.3 x 38.2 in Marlborough Gallery, Madrid Private collection, Paris Artcurial, Paris, 3 June 2014, lot 76 Private collection 20 21

13 Fernand Léger 페르낭레제 ( ) Fernand Léger 는 1881 년프랑스 아르장탕 에서태어났다 년부터 1899 년까지레제는건축교육을받았다. 자신의천직이미술이라고생각한그는 1902 년 년 School of Decorative Art 에입학했고, Académie Julian 에서도공부했다. Salon d'automne 에서열린 Cézanne 회고전에동참했던 1907 년은 Léger 에게전환점이되었는데, 이때부터자신의그림에데생과기하학을강조하기시작했다 년, 파리로건너간 Léger 는이곳에서 Robert Delaunay, Lipchitz, 그리고 Marc Chagall 과같은아방가르드운동을주도한대가들을만났다. 이기간에 Léger 는자신의그림에원통형태를주로사용하면서자신만의방식으로 Cubism 을해석하기시작했다 (Tubism). 1 차세계대전에참전한 1920 년부터, Léger 의그림은뚜렷한외곽선과골고루섞은색깔을이용하여한층기계적인방식을채택했다 년, 그의스타일은한층유기적이면서도불규칙한형태를띠기시작했다 년부터 Léger 는자신의그림에일상생활에서흔히접하는물건들을핵심피사체로삼는등, 평범한사람의모습을그리는일이많아졌다. 그림이외에도, Léger 는영화프로젝트, 도서삽화, 벽화, 스테인글라스창, 모자이크, 도자조각, 심지어는극장무대설계분야에서도활동했다. Léger 의작품은여러곳에서전시되었고, 전세계주요미술관에소장되어있다. Fernand Léger was a French artist born in 1881 in Argentan, France. Léger trained as an architect from 1897 to Knowing his calling was in art, he enrolled at the School of Decorative Art in while he also studied at Académie Julian. A turning point in Léger s art was in 1907 when he attended the Cézanne retrospective at the Salon d'automne whereby he began to focus on drawing and geometry in his paintings. In 1909, Léger moved from Paris where he met leaders of the avant-garde movement such as Robert Delaunay, Lipchitz, and Marc Chagall. During this period, Léger began with his interpretation of Cubism typified with the predominance of cylindrical forms (Tubism) in his paintings. From 1920 after his military service in World War I, Léger s paintings took on a more mechanical approach with strong contours and evenly blended colours. In 1927, his style evolved to adopt a more organic and irregular form. From 1945, Léger paid a greater emphasis on the theme of the common man, such as the use of everyday objects in his paintings as the core subject. Besides painting, Léger was also involved in film projects, book illustrations, murals, stain glass windows, mosaics, ceramic sculptures and even set designs for the theatre. Léger s work has been exhibited widely and is held in many prestigious museum collections worldwide., Étude pour la façade de l église Notre-Dame-de-Toute-Grâce (plateau d Assy, Haute-Savoie), circa Stamped 'F.L' and inscribed 'Mosaïque Assy (étude)' on the lower right Gouache and India ink on paper x 97.8 cm I 19.1 x 38.5 in Sotheby s, New York, 14 May 1992, lot 146 Private collection Tajan, Monaco, 21 July 2012, lot 31 Private collection Certificate Irus Hansma has confirmed the authenticity of this work 22 23

14 Fernando Botero 페르난도보테로 (b.1932) Fernando Botero는콜롬비아 메데인 에서태어났다. 현재는프랑스파리에서살면서작품활동을하고있다. 조각과데생과그림을이용하는 Botero의작품들은조형미술에가깝지만추상적이다. Botero는콜롬비아 메데인 의식민지시대교회와도시생활에남아있는바로크스타일의영향을많이받았다 년, 일단의미술가들과함께바르셀로나를여행한 Botero는그곳에서잠깐체류하다마드리드로이동하여 Academia de San Fernando에서미술을공부했다. 1953년, 그는파리로자리를옮겨루브르박물관에서연구활동을하면서 1년동안머물렀다. 이후 1953 년부터 1954년까지이태리 플로렌스 에서생활하면서 Quattrocentro와르네상스시대거장들의조각과그림에대해연구했다. 1958년, Botero는 보고타 에서 9회 Salón de Artistas Colombianos 상을수상했다. 1960년, 그는뉴욕으로이주하여 14년동안살면서작품활동을이어나갔다. 최근에는프랑스파리에정착했지만, 매년 2달동안은메데인고향으로돌아간다. 그의독특한경험덕분에 Boterismo 라는이름으로알려진그만의독특한스타일이완성되었다. Boterismo 에등장하는인물들은다소과장되게, 체격이건장하게묘사되어풍자적이고유머러스하면서도친근한느낌을준다. Fernando Botero의전시회는사람들의관심을많이끌었고, 해외주요박물관, 기업및개인소장가들이수집한작품들과함께전세계적으로소개되었다. 2012년, Contemporary Sculpture Award 에서 International Sculpture Center's Lifetime Achievement 상을수상하면서 Fernando Botero의조각작품도인정을받았다. Fernando Botero was born in Medellín, Colombia. He currently lives and works in Paris, France. Botero s art is figurative yet abstracted, utilising sculpture, drawing and painting. Although relatively sheltered from fine art influences at an early age, Botero was heavily affected by the Baroque style of the colonial churches and the city life of Medellín, Colombia. In 1952, Botero travelled with a group of artists to Barcelona, where he stayed briefly before moving on to Madrid where he studied art at the Academia de San Fernando. In 1953, he moved to Paris for a year, where he spent most of his time studying in the Louvre, and then lived in Florence, Italy from 1953 to 1954, studying the painting and sculpture of the Quattrocentro and Renaissance masters. In 1958, Botero won the ninth edition of the prestigious Salón de Artistas Colombianos in Bogotá. In 1960, he moved to New York where he lived and worked for 14 years. More recently Fernando Botero has settled in Paris, France but returns home to Medellín for two months each year. His unique range of experiences have led to the development of his unique signature style, known as Boterismo, where figures are depicted with robust, enlarged and exaggerated volume to satirical, humorous or affectionate effect. Fernando Botero s exhibitions are high profile and have featured worldwide with works collected by many major international museums, corporations and private collectors. In 2012, Fernando Botero s sculpture was acknowledged when he received the International Sculpture Center's Lifetime Achievement in Contemporary Sculpture Award. La Toilette, 2009 Signed on the lower right Watercolour on paper. 106 x 74 cm I 41.7 x 29.1 in 24 25

15 Contemporary Curated Selection

16 André Brasilier 앙드레브라질리에 (b.1929) André Brasilier는 1929년프랑스 사뮈르 미술가집안에서태어났다. André Brasilier는현재프랑스파리에서살면서작품활동을하고있다. 주로캔버스에그린유화인 Brasilier의작품은표현적이고조형적이다. Brasilier는어린시절부터그림을좋아했고, 20세가되던해에파리로건너가 École des Beaux-Arts 에서그림을공부했다. 1952년, André는 Florence Blumenthal Foundation에서장학금을받았고, 다음해 23세의나이에그는 Premier Grand Prix de Rome을수상하면서이태리로마에있는 Académie de France에서공부할수있게되었다. André Brasilier 의그림에는일본판화의힘과평온함도느껴지면서표현주의화가들의영향을받은흔적들이나타나지만, 그는자신만의아름다움을보여주었다. 그의세련된구성은다양한주제와모티프, 특히말과자연과인물이자주등장하는데, 선명한색상으로피사체의순간적인동작을정서적으로잘표현하고있다. André Brasilier 의그림은삶과사랑과자연과친밀하고깊게교감하는모습을포착한다. André Brasilier는전시회를많이열었는데 1980년에는 1950년 ~1980년에발표한 100개의작품에대한첫번째회고전을 Château de Chenonceau에서열었고, 1988년에는코트다쥐르앙티브의 Musée Picasso-Château Grimaldi에서회고전을열었다. 이후 2005년에는러시아상트페테르부르크의유명한 State Hermitage Museum에서, 그리고 2007년에는독일의 Museum Haus Ludwig für Kunstausstellungen Saarlois에서회고전을열었다. André Brasilier was born into an artistic family in Saumur, France in André Brasilier currently lives and works in Paris, France. Brasilier's artworks are expressive and figurative, made primarily in oil paint on canvas. Brasilier possessed a natural inclination towards painting from an early age, and at twenty years old, he went to Paris to study art at the École des Beaux-Arts. In 1952 André received a grant from the Florence Blumenthal Foundation, and the following year, at the age of 23, he won the Premier Grand Prix de Rome, entitling him to study painting at the Académie de France in Rome, Italy. Whilst André Brasilier's paintings reflect the influence of Expressionist artists alongside the strength and serenity of Japanese print making, he has retained an idiosyncratic aesthetic. His stylised compositions feature a range of themes and motifs, notably horses, nature and the figure, each handled with luminous, liminal and emotional subjectivity. André Brasilier's paintings capture an intimate, deep and enchanted communion with life, love and nature. His exhibitions have been extensive. His first retrospective of one hundred artworks from was exhibited at the Château de Chenonceau in 1980 and a retrospective exhibition at the Musée Picasso-Château Grimaldi in Antibes, the French Riviera, was compiled in He has since been honoured with major retrospectives at Russia s renowned State Hermitage Museum in Saint Petersburg in 2005 and at the Museum Haus Ludwig für Kunstausstellungen Saarlois in Germany in Courses en nocturne, 2016 Signed on the lower right Oil on canvas. 97 x 130 cm I 38.2 x 51.2 in 28 29

17 Manolo Valdés 마놀로발데스 (b.1942) Manolo Valdés 는 1942 년스페인바르셀로나에서태어났다. 현재는스페인마드리드와미국뉴욕을오가면서작품활동을하고있다. Valdés 의작품은추상과구상이혼재한다. 그는데생, 회화, 콜라주, 조각및판화등다양한분야에서활동하고있다 년, Valdés 는사회정치적분위기와미술자체의역사에의문을던지기위해팝아트를활용하는미술단체 Equipo Crónica 를결성하기위해 Rafael Solbes, Joan Antonio Toledo 등과힘을합쳤다 년해당단체가해산된후, Valdés 는스페인에서가장영향력있는미술가로다시태어났다. Manolo Valdés 의작품은스페인의예술적유산, 특히바로앞세대화가들인 Manolo Millares, Antonio Saura 와 Antoni Tàpies 가주도한 Informalismo 의영향을많이받았지만, Rembrandt, Goya, Picasso, Matisse 및 Rubens 와같은유럽의거장들을포함하여 Velázquez 의작품에서많은영향을받았다. 역사적걸작으로언급되는 Valdés 의작품들은친숙한이미지를다시살려내면서지적으로새롭게비틀어원래의도했던것보다한층의미있는작품을만들어냄으로써표현주의적이면서규모가크고극단적일정도의촉감이살아있다. Manolo Valdés 의회화와조각에등장하는인물은부풀어져있는경우가많아추상적이면서세부적인부분이최소화되어있지만, 투박한콜라주에물감을아낌없이칠하여바로크이미지에원시적인분위기가연출된다. 그의전시회는지금도끊임없이열리고있으며, 1965 년밀란의 Lissone 과 Biella 에서수상한상을비롯하여, 도쿄에서열린제 2 회 International Prints Biennial 에서은상수상, 리스본 Bridgestone Art Museum 에서수상, 발렌시아에서 Alfons Roig Award 수상, 스페인에서 National Award for the Fine Arts 수상, 바그다드에서 2 년마다열리는 International Festival of the Plastic Arts 에서수상, 그리고 1993 년에는베네주엘라에서 Medal of the Order of Andrés Bello 를수상했다. Manolo Valdés 의조각과회화는많은찬사를받았고대중들의인정을받았으며, 뉴욕의 Metropolitan Museum of Art 및파리의 Centre Georges Pompidou 등전세계주요미술관에소장되어있다. Manolo Valdés was born in Valencia, Spain in He currently lives and works between Madrid, Spain and New York, USA. Valdés artworks combine abstract and figurative elements. He has mastered multiple media including drawing, painting, collage, sculpture and printmaking in the making of his art. In 1964, Valdés collaborated with Rafael Solbes and Joan Antonio Toledo to form Equipo Crónica, an artistic group that utilised Pop Art to question the socio-political climate and the history of art itself. After the group dissolved in 1981, Valdés reinvented himself emerging as one of the foremost living Spanish artists. Manolo Valdés artworks draw heavily upon Spanish artistic heritage, particularly the Informalismo of his immediate predecessors Manolo Millares, Antonio Saura and Antoni Tàpies, but more specifically from the work of Velázquez, alongside other European masters including Rembrandt, Goya, Picasso, Matisse and Rubens. Often referencing historical masterpieces, Valdés creates expressive, large-scale, extremely tactile artworks, which revitalise familiar images, creating intellectual swerves that bring significant works out of their original context. The figure's in Manolo Valdés paintings and sculptures are often inflated, abstracting form and minimising detail, while incorporating an abundance of paint applied with rawness alongside crude collage material, giving the Baroque image a primitive twist. Manolo Valdés' exhibitions are extensive and he has received numerous awards, including the Lissone and Biella in Milan in 1965, the silver medal in the second International Prints Biennial in Tokyo, an award from the Bridgestone Art Museum in Lisbon, the Alfons Roig Award in Valencia, the National Award for the Fine Arts in Spain, a medal from the bienniale International Festival of the Plastic Arts in Baghdad and in 1993 the Medal of the Order of Andrés Bello in Venezuela. Manolo Valdés' sculptures and paintings have met with wide-scale critical acclaim and public recognition, featuring in important museums collections worldwide, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York and the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris. Retrato con fondo naranja, 2007 Signed, titled and dated on the reverse Oil on burlap x cm I 87.5 x 65.5 in Marlborough Gallery, New York Private collection 30 31

18 Fiori, 2015 Bronze, unique piece. 124 x 180 x 71 cm I 48.8 x 70.9 x 28 in Artist's studio Galerie Forsblom, Helsinki Private collection, Europe 32 33

19 Georg Baselitz 게오르그바젤리츠 (b.1938) Georg Baselitz 는 1938 년동독에서태어났다. 그는독일의화가, 판화가겸조각가이다 년대후반부터 1960 년대초반까지초기작품에도당시유행하던추상화에대한반감이드러나있다. Georg Baselitz 의초기작품은상징적인인체, 장기, 성적 ( 性的 ) 강박관념과충격적인경계 ( 境界 ) 의모습을보여준다 년중반부터, 그는몇가지인물형태, 상처가있거나다친모습을주로그렸다. 그는우리가범접할수없는신비의나라에서찾아온사람들처럼이러한인물들을현대적영웅이라는세련된형태로표현했다 년부터 Baselitz 는피사체를거꾸로그렸다. 이러한방법을통해모티프를표면에그리고자신이중요하게생각하는부분을강조해서표현할수있었다 년에힐데스하임근처의 데른부르크 로거처를옮긴후, Baselitz 는카를수루에의 Staatliche Akademie der Bildenden Künste 에서 (1977 년 년 ), 그리고서 ( 西 ) 베를린의 Hochschule der Bildenden Künste 에서 (1983 년 년 ) 미술학과교수로재직했다. 지금도자신의주요표현수단으로매체자체를보여주지만, 1980 년대에들어서면서주제에더무게를두기시작했다 년, Baselitz 는자신의첫번째기념비적인목재조각을시작했는데, 자신이그리는인물과머리에전형적인강렬함을표현한기본적이면서도의도적으로다듬지않은기술을활용했다. 현대미술의주류에편승하지않고오랫동안자신만의스타일로작업했던그는, 독일의젊은신표현주의화가들 ( Neue Wilden ) 에게많은영향을주면서 1980 년대부터국제적으로명성을쌓는다. Georg Baselitz was born in East Germany in He is a German painter, draughtsman, printmaker, and sculptor. Even in his early work of the late 1950s and early 1960s, Baselitz rebelled against the dominance of abstract painting. The imagery in his early works consisted of symbolic bodies, organs, sexual obsessions and shocking boundaries. From the mid-1960s he concentrated on several figure types, sometimes portrayed as scarred or wounded. He presented them in a stylised form as modern heroes, as people from a mythical land beyond our questionable civilisation. From 1969 Baselitz painted his subjects upside down. Through this method, the possibility of stressing the realisation of the motif as a painted surface and the form as his primary concern. After moving in 1975 to Derneburg, near Hildesheim, Baselitz served as professor of painting at the Staatliche Akademie der Bildenden Künste in Karlsruhe ( ) and at the Hochschule der Bildenden Künste in West Berlin ( ). Although he continued to present the medium itself as his primary vehicle of expression, in the 1980s he again gave greater weight to subject-matter. In 1979, Baselitz began work on his first monumental sculptures in wood, for which he employed an elemental and deliberately unpolished technique that gave his figures and heads an archetypal forcefulness. Having worked for many years against the mainstream of contemporary art, by the 1980s he had established an international reputation through his influence on the young German Neo- Expressionist painters referred to in Germany as the Neue Wilden'. DAS MOTIV: 1950, 14 May 1988 Signed and dated on the lower centre, titled and dated on the reverse Oil on canvas. 162 x 130 cm I 63.8 x 51.2 in L.A. Louver Gallery, Los Angeles Private collection, Los Angeles Private collection, London Sotheby's, London, 29 June 2010, lot 228 Private collection, London Sotheby's, London, 13 February 2013, lot 207 Private collection, London 34 35

20 Yves Klein 이브클레인 ( ) 1928년에태어난 Yves Klein은전후유럽미술계의가장중요한미술가중한사람이었고프랑스에서시작된 누보리얼리즘 (Nouveau Réalisme) 의핵심인물이기도했다. 누보리얼리즘은미술비평가 Pierre Restany 이 1960에처음주도한운동이었다. Klein은무엇보다파란색으로만그림을그리는것으로잘알려져있고, 인터내셔널클라인블루 (IKB) 는 Klein을트레이드마크가된밝은청색을의미한다. 선 ( 禪 ) 과기타형이상학적철학의영향을받은 Klein은자신의청색그림이순수관념 (pure idea) 와비슷한무형 ( 無形 ) 무한 ( 無限 ) 의공간을열었다고생각했다. Klein은 청색에는차원 ( 次元 ) 이없고차원을넘어서지만, 다른색들은그렇지않다 는유명한말을남기기도했다. Klein의작품들은여러미술관에전시되어있고, 전세계주요민간 / 공공컬렉션에서중요한부분을차지하고있다. Born in 1928, in Nice, France, Yves Klein was one of the most important artists in post-war European art and a key figure in the French artistic movement Nouveau Réalisme, which was founded in 1960 by the art critic Pierre Restany. Klein is known above all for his blue monochrome paintings, which were rendered in International Klein Blue, a bright blue pigment that was to become the artist s trademark. Influenced by Zen and other metaphysical philosophies, Klein believed his blue paintings opened onto an immaterial and infinite space that was akin to a pure idea. As the artist once famously said, "Blue has no dimensions, it is beyond dimensions, whereas the other colours are not". Klein s works have been exhibited in numerous museums and is part of important private and public collections across the world. Left: Table Monogold Gold leaf, glass, Plexiglas, wood and steel 38 x 100 x 125 cm I 15 x 39.4 x 49.2 in Above: Table Bleu Klein International Klein Blue pigment, glass, Plexiglas, wood and steel 38 x 100 x 125 cm I 15 x 39.4 x 49.2 in Archives Yves Klein, Paris Archives Yves Klein, Paris 36 37

21 Robert Indiana 로버트인디애나 (b.1928) 1928 년미국인디애나주뉴캐슬에서태어난 Robert Indiana 의본명은 Robert Clark 로, 미국예술계의거장이다. 주로팝아트 (Pop Art) 에전념했던그는 아상블라주아프 (Assemblage Art) 발전에도중요한역할을했다. 어린시절에 Indiana 는여러가정을전전했는데, 이러한일시성과비 ( 非 ) 일관성은예술가로서의그의정체성에큰영향을미쳤다 년에뉴욕으로다시들어온그는항상머리속에맴돌던 고향 이라는주제를분명하게보여주기위해이름을 Robert Indiana 로개명했다 년 MoMA( 뉴욕현대미술관 ) 의휴관을알리는인쇄이미지로처음제작된 Robert Indiana 의 LOVE 만큼그를대표하는팝이미지는없다 년대이상주의를보여주고에로틱하면서도종교적이고자전적의미가담겨있는상징물 LOVE 는누구나다가갈수있지만어렵기도한 사랑 을표현한것으로, 현대문화의복잡함을보여주는하나의상징물이되었다 년처음소개된이후 LOVE 는수많은형식으로변형되었는데워싱턴 DC 의 National Sculpture Garden 에서는스페인어로, 예루살렘의 Israel Museum 에서는히브리어로옮겨놓았다. 전세계어느곳에서나동일한형태를유지하도록하여사랑이란주제의보편성을강조면서 말과언어 의힘이라는 Indiana 의주요주제중하나에대해탐구하고있다. 단순하면서도대담하여머리속에남는이미지로유명한그의작품들은팝아트세대의상징이되었다. 뉴욕의 Whitney Museum of American Art, 워싱턴 DC 의 National Gallery of Art, San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, 독일쾰른의 Ludwig Museum, 중국의 Shanghai Art Museum, 그리고예루살렘의 Israel Museum 에그의작품들이전시되어있다. Born Robert Clark in Newcastle, Indiana, USA in 1928, Robert Indiana is a preeminent figure in American art. Associated mostly with the Pop Art movement, Indiana also played a central role in the development of Assemblage Art. Indiana spent his childhood moving from home to home, a temporality and inconsistency that had a strong influence on his identity as an artist. After relocating to New York in 1966, the artist adopted the last name Indiana as a statement about the concept of home, a subject that has persisted throughout his career. Few pop images are more recognisable than Robert Indiana s LOVE, originally designed as a print image for the MoMA holiday card in Adopted as an emblem of 1960s idealism and full of erotic, religious and autobiographical meaning, LOVE is at once accessible and complex, an iconic symbol of hope that has become an intricate icon of contemporary culture. Since its inception in 1965, LOVE has been proliferated onto countless formats and renderings worldwide, including a reproduction in Spanish for the National Sculpture Garden in Washington D.C. and in Hebrew for the Israel Museum in Jerusalem. Its ubiquity worldwide emphasises the universality of the subject and explores one of Indiana s central themes on the power of words and language. Renowned for simple, bold, memorable images, Indiana s works have become some of the most iconic of the Pop Art generation and have been collected by the Museum of Modern Art and the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York, the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C., the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, the Ludwig Museum in Cologne, Germany, the Shanghai Art Museum in China and the Israel Museum in Jerusalem. Love (Gold face - Blue sides), Stamped with the artist s signature, numbered and dated inside the E Polychrome aluminium, edition of AP x 91.5 x 45.5 cm 36 x 36 x 18 in The Morgan Art Foundation, Geneva 38 39

22 Keith Haring 키스해링 ( ) Keith Haring 은 1958 년펜실베니아 리딩 외곽의작은마을에서태어났다. 어릴적부터월트디즈니와닥터수스 (Dr. Seuss) 그림의영향을많이받았고, 10 대시절에는소설가윌리엄버로스작품에심취했다. 그는고등학교졸업후에피츠버그의 Ivy School of Professional Art 에입학했지만, 2 학기만에자퇴하고뉴욕으로건너갔다. 그곳에서그는상업미술세계밖에서크게붐을일으키던대안예술과접하게되었다. 처음에는지하철공공미술로사람들의주목을받았고, 1980 년대에는 Club 57 이라는예술나이트클럽에서전시회를열었다. Andy Warhol, Madonna, Jean- Michel Basquiat 등영향력있는인물들의도움을받으면서성공가도에들어섰지만, Haring 의작품에는당시의정치적사회적문제들이그대로담겨있다. 자신이동성애자임을밝혔던그의작품은 1980 년대에이즈와뉴욕시의뒷골목의영향을많이받았고, 성 ( 性 ) 과죽음과전쟁은중요한주제가되었다. Haring 은에이즈합병증으로 31 세에사망했다. 사망이후, Haring 은주요회고전의중심인물이되었고, 그의그림은 20 세기후반의뉴욕시를대표하는시각적 시대정신 으로널리알려졌다. 사람들의주목을받던동료예술가 Jean- Michel Basquiat 와 Kenny Scharf 도 Haring 과마찬가지로지하철과길거리에그리는화려하고우스꽝스러우면서도관습을타파하는그래피티에관심이많았고, 이들세사람은미술과음악과패션이어우러진아름다움을추구했다. Keith Haring was an American artist born in 1958 in a small town outside of Reading, Pennsylvania. As a child he was heavily influenced by the drawings of Walt Disney and Dr. Seuss, and as a teen by the beat writings of William S. Burroughs. He was enrolled in the Ivy School of Professional Art in Pittsburgh shortly after graduating from high school, dropping out after two semesters to move to New York City. There he became associated with the thriving alternative art community developing outside the commercial art world. He first received public attention with his public art in the subway, and by the 1980s was organising exhibitions at the arts nightclub Club 57. Propelled to quick success with the help of influential figures such as Andy Warhol, Madonna and Jean-Michel Basquiat, Haring s work nonetheless expressed pertinent social and political themes at the time. Openly gay, his work was heavily impacted by the AIDS epidemic and the underground street culture of New York City in the 1980s, with sexuality, death and war being central themes to his oeuvre. Haring died at age 31 of AIDS-related complications. Since his death he has been the subject of several major retrospectives, and his imagery has become a widely regarded visual Zeitgeist of New York City in the late 20 th century. Fellow emerging artists Jean-Michel Basquiat and Kenny Scharf shared Haring s interest in the colourful, absurdist and transgressive graffiti art of the subways and city streets, and the three often explored an aesthetic that combined images of art, music and fashion. Untitled, 1984 Household paint and marker pen on chipboard. 122 x 122 cm I 48 x 48 in. Now Gallery, New York Bonhams, London, 2 July 2014, lot 47 Ressle Gallery, New York Private collection, USA Exhibited New York, Now Gallery, Group Show,

23 Takashi Murakami 다카시무라카미 (b.1962) Takashi Murakami 는 1962 년일본도쿄에서태어났다. 현재는도쿄와뉴욕시에서살면서작품활동을하고있다. Tokyo University of the Arts 에서공부했고, 1986 년에순수미술학사학위, 1988 년에석사학위, 그리고 1993 년에박사학위를받았다 년에도쿄에 히로뽕 공장을세웠고, 이공장은후에미술제작및관리회사인 Kaikai Kiki( 怪怪奇奇 ) 가되었다. 2 분법적문화계 ( 예술과상업 ) 에서모든비판을받아야하는 피뢰침 을자처하는 Murakami 는 예술가란세상의경계를인식하고이것을그림으로그려야하는사람 이라고생각한다. 정교한고전화법 ( 畵法 ) 기술을팝, 애니메이션, 오타쿠 (otaku) 적상상력을하나로모아자신만의 슈퍼플랫 (Superflat) 스타일로표현하는 Murakami 는미적문제와문화적영감이끊임없이확장되는영역내에서자유롭게움직인다. 그의작품에고스란히담겨있는 반 ( 反 ) 이상향 이라는주제와병행하여, 그는초월 ( 超越 ) 과계몽 ( 啓蒙 ) 을전통적인방식으로다시되살려내고있다. 소위말하는일본의 괴짜들 ( 서구낭만주의전통에대응하는집단으로기존질서를거부하는초기근대기의예술가들 ) 이좋아하는종교적이면서세속적인주제를다룬다. Murakami 는오롯이자신만의방식으로이들의대담하면서도생동감있는유산 ( 遺産 ) 을보여주려고한다. Murakami 의작품은미국보스턴의 Museum of Fine Arts, 일본도쿄의 Museum of Contemporary Art, 프랑스파리의 Cartier pour l'art contemporain, 영국런던의 Serpentine Gallery, 미국 LA 의 Museum of Contemporary Art, 미국뉴욕의 Brooklyn Museum, 독일프랑크푸르트의 Museum für Moderne Kunst, 스페인빌바오의 Guggenheim, 프랑스의 Château de Versailles, 카타르의 Qatar Museum Authority, 이태리밀란의 Palazzo Reale, 일본도쿄의 Mori Art Museum, 미국시카고의 Museum of Contemporary Art 및노르웨이오슬로의 Astrup Fearnley Museum of Modern Art 등수많은개인전및그룹전에전시되었다. Takashi Murakami was born in 1962 in Tokyo, Japan. He currently lives and works in Tokyo and New York City. He studied at Tokyo University of the Arts, where he received his B.F.A. in 1986, M.F.A. in 1988, and Ph.D in He founded the Hiropon factory in Tokyo in 1996, which later evolved into Kaikai Kiki, an art production and art management corporation. A lightning rod of cultural dichotomies, Murakami believes the artist to be one who perceives and represents the borders between worlds. Combining refined classical painting techniques with a supercharged mix of Pop, animé, and otaku imagery in his distinctive Superflat style. Murakami moves freely within an ever-expanding field of aesthetic issues and cultural inspirations. Parallel to the dystopian themes, which pervade his work, he recollects and revitalises traditional narratives of transcendence and enlightenment. Mining religious and secular subjects favoured by the so-called Japanese eccentrics (non-conformist artists of the Early Modern era widely regarded as counterparts of the Western Romantic tradition). Murakami situates himself within their legacy of bold and lively individualism in a manner that is entirely his own and of his time. Murakami s work has been featured in many solo and group exhibitions worldwide, including the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, USA, the Museum of Contemporary Art in Tokyo, Japan, Fondation Cartier pour l'art contemporain in Paris, France, the Serpentine Gallery in London, England, the Museum of Contemporary Art in Los Angeles, USA, the Brooklyn Museum in New York, USA, the Museum für Moderne Kunst in Frankfurt, Germany, the Guggenheim in Bilbao, Spain, Château de Versailles in France, Qatar Museum Authority in Qatar, Palazzo Reale in Milan, Italy, Mori Art Museum in Tokyo, Japan, the Museum of Contemporary Art in Chicago, USA and the Astrup Fearnley Museum of Modern Art in Oslo, Norway. Blue Flower, 2013 Signed and dated on the reverse Acrylic and platinum leaf on canvas x 57 cm I 31.3 x 22.4 in Private collection 42 43

24 Yoshitomo Nara 요시토모나라 (b.1959) Yoshitomo Nara는 1959년에일본 히로사키 에서태어났다. 현재는도쿄에서생활하면서작품활동을하고있다. Nara는 Aichi Prefectural University of Fine Arts and Music, 그리고독일뒤셀도르프의 Kunstakademie를졸업했다. 2차세계대전후의생활은 Nara의미술에많은영향을주었다. 그는 Takashi Murakami가시작한일본미술계의 포스트모던슈퍼플랫 운동에동참했다. Murakami와마찬가지로 Nara 는일본만화를활용하고있다. Roy Lichtenstein과같은미국팝아티스트를연상시키는데, 만화책에나오는그림과기술을사용하고있다. Nara의작품에자주등장하는천박할정도로유아적인모습은어른이되기싫어하는마음을보여주는것으로해석되기도한다. 1984년이후, Nara는세계곳곳에서 40여차례의개인전을열었다 Yoshitomo Nara was born in 1959 in Hirosaki, Japan. He currently lives and works in Tokyo, Japan. Nara graduated from the Aichi Prefectural University of Fine Arts and Music and from the Kunstakademie in Düsseldorf, Germany. Nara s upbringing in post- World War II Japan profoundly affected his art. He belongs to the postmodern Superflat movement of Japanese art founded by Takashi Murakami. Like Murakami, the artist uses Japanese manga and cartoons reminiscent of American Pop artists such as Roy Lichtenstein and his use of comic book drawings and techniques. The superficially childish preoccupations depicted in Nara s oeuvre are sometimes interpreted as a fear of adulthood. Since 1984, Nara has participated in nearly 40 solo exhibitions around the world. Right and Left, 1990 Signed in Japanese and dated on the reverse Acrylic on canvas x 22.1 cm I 8.7 x 8.7 in Private collection, Asia Sotheby s, Hong Kong, 6 October 2013, lot 972 Private collection Literature Yoshimoto et al., Yoshitomo Nara: The Complete Works : Volume 1, Bijutsu Shuppan Sha, Tokyo, 2011, p

25 Marc Quinn 마크퀸 (b.1964) Marc Quinn은 1964년영국런던에서태어난현대미술가로, 지금도런던에서생활하고있다. 그의작품은조각, 설치및회화등다양하다. Quinn은인체, 유전학, 정체성, 환경및미디어등다양한주제를통해 우리가살고있는지금의세상에서과연인간적이라는것은무엇인가 에대해탐구하고있다. 그의작품은피, 빵, 꽃, 대리석, 스테인레스등다양한재료를사용하고있다. Sir John Soane's Museum, Tate, National Portrait Gallery, Fondation Beyeler, Fondazione Prada 및 South London Gallery에서개인전을열었다. Marc Quinn은 Sarah Lucas와 Damien Hirst도동참했던 Young British Artists 운동에서중요한역할을했다. 국제적으로도명성이높았던그는 2004년트라팔가광장에서열린첫번째 Fourth Plinth 프로젝트를주관했고, 여기에자신의작품 Alison Lapper Pregnant 를전시했다. 자신의피로그린자화상 Self(1991년-현재 ) 는 2009년 Fondation Beyeler에서열린회고전의주제였다. 런던의 Tate Modern, 런던의 National Portrait Gallery, 파리의 Musée National d'art Moderne, 암스테르담의 Stedelijk Museum, 오슬로의 Astrup Fearnley Museum of Modern Art, 리스본의 Berardo Collection Museum, 몬트리올의 Musée d'art contemporain de Montréal, 뉴욕의 Museum of Modern Art in New York, 그리고뉴욕의 Metropolitan Museum of Art에 Quinn의작품이전시되어있다. Marc Quinn is a contemporary artist born in 1964 in London, England where he still resides. His work includes sculpture, installation and painting. Quinn explores 'what it is to be human in the world today' through subjects including the body, genetics, identity, environment and the media. His work has used materials that vary widely, from blood, bread and flowers, to marble and stainless steel. Quinn has been the subject of solo exhibitions at Sir John Soane's Museum, the Tate Gallery, the National Portrait Gallery, Fondation Beyeler, Fondazione Prada and South London Gallery. The artist was a notable member of the Young British Artists movement, which included Sarah Lucas and Damien Hirst. Quinn is internationally celebrated and was awarded the commission for the first edition of the Fourth Plinth in Trafalgar Square in 2004, for which he exhibited Alison Lapper Pregnant. Quinn's notorious frozen self-portrait series made of his own blood, Self (1991-present) was subject to a retrospective at Fondation Beyeler in Quinn is represented in several museums across the world, including the Tate Modern, in London, the National Portrait Gallery in London, the Musée d'art Moderne in Paris, the Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam, the Astrup Fearnley Museum of Modern Art in Oslo, the Berardo Collection Museum in Lisbon, the Musée d'art contemporain de Montréal, the Museum of Modern Art in New York, and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. Endless Column (Micro Cosmos), 2008 Signed, dated and numbered under the base White painted bronze, edition of x 21 x 23 cm I 27.2 x 8.3 x 9.1 in Private collection 46 47

26 Sphinx, 2006 Titled on the lower centre, signed and dated on the lower right Watercolour on paper. 153 x 101 cm I 60.2 x 39.8 in 48 49

27 Damien Hirst 데미안허스트 (b.1965) Damien Hirst 는 1965 년영국 브리스톨 에서태어났다 년 Goldsmiths College 재학시절, 그는 이스트런던 에서열린학생전시회 Freeze 를주관했다. Hirst 는이전시회에젊은예술가여러명을초대했고, 1990 년대현대미술을새롭게정의한이들은나중에 Young British Artists (YBAs) 라는이름을얻게된다 년, Hirst 는 Woodstock Street Gallery 에서 In and Out of Love 라는타이틀로그의첫번째단독전시회를열었다. 수백마리의살아있는열대나비들이전시회장을날아다녔고, 이들중일부는벽에매달려있는흑백캔버스에서부화했다 년, 그는 Saatchi Gallery 에서열린획기적인 Young British Artists 전시회에동참했다. 이전시회에서그는우리가잘알고있는작품 살아있는자의마음속에있는죽음의육체적불가능성 (The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living) 을전시했다. 이것은포름알데히드로가득찬유리탱크안에보전되어있는상어의모습을보여주고있다. 같은해, 그는 Tate Gallery Turner Prize 후보에올랐고, 1995 년에마침내이권위있는상을받았다. Hirst 의작품대부분은두가지형태를취하고있다. 하나는제약화학물질의이름으로제목을붙인무수한점 (spot) 들을배열했는데, 사람들은이것을 점 회화라고도부른다. 다른하나는일명 회전 (spin) 회화로, 회전하는판위에캔버스를올려놓고그위에물감을부어원심력을이용하여표현하는방법이다. 약장 (medicine cabinet) 이라는작품에서 Hirst 는각종약, 수술도구및의료기기를배열하는방식으로새로운형태의조각작품을선보였다. 마지막으로, 그의포름알데히드로보전한동물들이담겨있는 탱크 (tank) 는살아있는생물들의어쩔수없는죽음을직접적으로보여주는조각작품이다. Hirst 의모든작품에는아이러니한유머가담겨있고, 현대문화에서예술의역할은무엇인가라는질문을던진다 년 10 월, Hirst 는런던에 Newport Street Gallery 라는자신의예술공간을만들었고, 이곳에서자신의작품은물론개인소장품과자신이좋아하는미술가들의작품을전시하고있다. Damien Hirst was born in Bristol, England in While still a student at Goldsmiths College in 1988, he curated the now renowned student exhibition Freeze held in East London. In this exhibition, Hirst brought together a group of young artists who would come to define cutting-edge contemporary art in the 1990s and later get known as the Young British Artists (YBAs). In 1991, Hirst had his first solo exhibition at the Woodstock Street Gallery, entitled In and Out of Love in which he filled the gallery with hundreds of live tropical butterflies, some of which hatched from the monochrome canvases that hung the walls. In 1992, he was part of the groundbreaking Young British Artists exhibition at the Saatchi Gallery. In this show, he exhibited his now famous Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living: a dead tiger shark preserved in a glass tank of formaldehyde. The same year he was nominated for the prestigious Tate Gallery Turner Prize, a coveted award he was finally awarded in For the most part, Hirst s paintings have taken on two forms. One is an arrangement of colour spots with titles that refer to pharmaceutical chemicals, known as Spot paintings. The second, his Spin paintings, are created by centrifugal force, when Hirst places his canvas on a spinning plate and pours the paint as they spin. In the medicine cabinet pieces Hirst redefines sculpture with his arrangements of various drugs, surgical tools and medical supplies. Finally, his tank pieces, containing dead animals preserved in formaldehyde, are sculptures that directly address the inevitable mortality of all living beings. All of Hirst's works contain an ironic wit and also question the role of art in contemporary culture. In October 2015, Hirst opened his own art space the Newport Street Gallery in London, where he exhibits his own work as well as his personal art collection and favourite artists. Skull Spin Painting (Created at Damien Hirst Spin Workshop), 2009 Birst Hirst blindstamp and stamped with signature and incription: this painting was made by / to celebrate the opening / of Damien Hirst. Requiem / at the PinchukArtCentre / on / Damien Hirst (stamped signature) Acrylic on paper. 71 x 50.8 cm I 28 x 20 in Rago, New Jersey, 16 November 2013, lot