한수지 49(3), 323-329, 206 Original Article Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 49(3),323-329,206 항산화기능사료첨가제가조피볼락 (Sebastes schlegelii) 의성장, 체조성, 혈액성상및세균공격성에미치는영향 윤아영 김희성 서영완 조성환 * 배준영 한국해양대학교해양생명과학부, CJ 제일제당 Effects of Dietary Antioxidant Supplementation on the Growth, Serum Chemistry, Body Composition and Challenge Test Results of Juvenile Rockfish Sebastes schlegelii Ahyeong Yun, Hee Sung Kim, Youngwan Seo and Sung Hwoan Cho* and Jun Young Bae Division of Marine BioScience, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime University, Busan 492, Korea Food ingredients New Business Team, CJ CheilJedang Corporation, Seoul 04560, Korea The effects of dietary antioxidant [saltwort (SW), leek (LK), and dandelion (DD)] supplementation on the growth, body composition, serum chemistry, and challenge test results of juvenile rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii, were determined. In an experiment, 320 fish were randomly distributed into eight, 50-L flow-through tanks (40 fish per tank). Four experimental diets were prepared: the control diet (Con) with synthetic antioxidant: and diets with SW, LK, or DD from natural sources. Each diet was randomly assigned to duplicate tanks of fish, which were hand-fed to satiation twice daily for 8 weeks. After the 8-week feeding trial, 20 fish from each tank were artificially infected with Streptococcus iniae and monitored for 6 days. The dietary additives did not affect survival, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed efficiency (FE), protein efficiency ratio (PER), or plasma chemistry. However, the cumulative mortality of fish fed the SW, LK and DD diets was lower than that of fish fed the control diet beginning 4 days after infection. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with SW, LK, and DD did not affect the growth, FE, PER, or plasma chemistry of rockfish. However, dietary inclusion of SW, LK, and DD lowered the mortality of rockfish following infection with S. iniae. Key words: Rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii), Additive, Antioxidant, Challenge test, Streptococcus iniae 서론 (Sebastes schlegelii) (Paralichthys olivaceus) 205 8,774 (45,759 ) (KOSIS, 206). (Kim et al., 200; Wang et al., 2003; Cho et al., 205), (Lee et al., 2000; Lee et al., 203), (Lee et al., 996; Jeon et al., 204) (Kim et al., 999).,., (Tang et al., 200). http://dx.doi.org/0.5657/kfas.206.0323 Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 49(3) 323-329, June 206 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licens (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Received 27 May 206; Accepted 3 June 206 *Corresponding author: Tel: +82. 5. 40. 4755 Fax: +82. 5. 404. 4750 E-mail address: chosunh@kmou.ac.kr Copyright 206 The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 323 pissn:0374-8, eissn:2287-885
324 윤아영ㆍ김희성ㆍ서영완ㆍ조성환ㆍ배준영 ( ),. (herb), (Turan and Akyurt, 2005; Turan et al., 2007; Galina et al., 2009; Soosean et al., 200; Dada and Oviawe, 20; Deng et al., 20; Cho and Lee, 202; Kim et al., 203).,. [Saltwort (SW), Salicornia herbacea L.] sterols (Lee et al., 2004), polysaccharides (Lee et al., 2006), flavonoid glycosides (Park and Kim, 2004; Kong et al., 2008) chlorogenic acid (Chung et al., 2005), flavonoid isorhamnetin 3-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside, quercetin 3-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside tungmadic acid (3-caffeoyl-4-dihydrocaffeoyl quinic acid) (Hwang et al., 2009; Kong et al., 2009), (Rhee et al., 2009; Shin et al., 2002; Kim 2007; Song et al., 2007; Im et al., 2003; Jo et al., 2002). [Leek (LK), Allium tuberosum Rottler] flavonoid ß-carotene phenol ß-sitosterol, quercetin, phenolic acid, kaemperol (Wenzel et al., 2000; Jung et al., 2003) (Ahn et al., 200; Jung et al., 2003). [Dandelion (DD), Taraxacum mongolicum H.] flavonoid (Heo and Wang, 2008), (Takasaki et al., 999), (Yoon, 2008) (Han et al., 2005). ethoxyquin (, ),,. 실험어및사육조건 재료및방법 2, 2 ( : 52%, 2%) 2-4%. [ (Mean SE: 4.2 0.00 g)] 40 8 50 L ( : 45 L)..4 L/min, aeration. Table. Ingredients (%, DM basis) and nutrient composition of the experimental diets Ingredients (%) Experimental diets Con SW LK DD Fish meal 2 58 58 58 58 Defatted soybean meal 3 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 Casein 4 4 4 4 Wheat flour 2.9 2 2 2 Ethoxyquin 4 0. Additives Squid liver oil 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 Soybean oil 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 Vitamin premix 5.0.0.0.0 Mineral premix 6.0.0.0.0 Choline 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Nutrients (%) Dry matter 90.0 92.9 9.7 9.8 Crude protein 5.2 50.8 5.2 50.9 Crude lipid 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.7 Ash 0.3 0. 0.0 0.2 SW (Saltwort), LK (Leek), and DD (Dandelion) were purchased from Tojongherb Co Ltd. (Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea). 2 Fish meal and was purchased from Abank Co Ltd. (Seocho-gu, Seoul, Korea). 3 Defatted soybean meal was supplied by CJ CheilJedang Corp. (Jung-gu, Seoul, Korea). 4 Ethoxyquin was supplied from Chunhajeil feed Co Ltd. (Daedeok-gu, Daejeon, Korea). 5 Vitamin premix contained the following amount which were diluted in cellulose (g/kg mix): L-ascorbic acid, 2.2; DL-αtocopheryl acetate, 8.8; thiamin hydrochloride, 2.7; riboflavin, 9.; pyridoxine hydrochloride,.8; niacin, 36.4; Ca-D-pantothenate, 2.7; myo-inositol, 8.8; D-biotin, 0.27; folic acid, 0.68; p-aminobenzoic acid, 8.2; menadione,.8; retinyl acetate, 0.73; cholecalciferol, 0.003; cyanocobalamin, 0.003. 6 Mineral premix contained the following ingredients (g/kg mix): MgSO 4 7H 2 O, 80.0; NaH 2 PO 4 2H 2 O, 370.0; KCl, 30.0; ferric citrate, 40.0; ZnSO 4 7H 2 O, 20.0; Ca-lactate, 356.5; CuCl, 0.2; AlCl 3 6H 2 O, 0.5; KI, 0.5; Na 2 Se 2 O 3, 0.0; MnSO 4 H 2 O, 2.0; CoCl 2 6H 2 O,.0.
항산화기능사료첨가제가조피볼락에미치는영향 325 실험사료의준비 Table.,,.. 0.% ethoxyquin (, ) 0.% (Con), % SW, LK, DD (,, ) %. 3:. -20. 7 2 (09:00, 7:00). 일반성분분석 8 5,,, AOAC (990). Kjeldahl method (Auto Kjeldahl System, Buchi B-324/435/42, Switzerland) ether-extraction method, 550 C 4, 05 C dry oven 24. 채혈및혈액성상분석 8 5 50 ppm,. Automatic Chemistry System (HITACHI 780/7600-20, Hitachi, Japan) (total protein), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) triglyceride. 세균공격성실험 (challenge test) 8 20 7.9 0 6 CFU/L Streptococcus iniae (FP5024) 0. ml. 6, 2.,. 통계분석 One-way ANOVA Duncan s multiple range test (Duncan 955) SPSS program version 9.0 (SPSS Michigan Avenue, Chicago, IL, USA). 결과및고찰 8 (%), (g/ fish) (SGR) Table 2. 97.5-00% (P>0.05)..2-2.4 g, 2.30-2.43%/day, (P>0.05). (Choi et al., 2004; Kim et al., 2005; Cho and Lee, 202; Cho et al., 203). 8 (g/fish), (feed efficiency, FE), (protein efficiency ratio, PER) (protein retention, PR) Table 3. (LK) Table 2. Survival (%), weight gain (g/fish) and specific growth rate (SGR) of rockfish Sebastes schlegelii fed the experimental diets containing various sources of antioxidants for 8 weeks Experimental diets Initial weight (g/individual) Final weight (g/individual) Survival (%) Weight gain (g/individual) SGR (%/day) Con 4.3±0.02 5.5±0.4 97.5±2.50 a.2±0.43 a 2.30±0.056 a SW 4.3±0.00 5.5±0.02 00.0±0.00 a.3±0.02 a 2.3±0.003 a LK 4.3±0.0 6.7±0.06 00.0±0.00 a 2.4±0.07 a 2.43±0.0 a DD 4.3±0.0 5.8±0.03 00.0±0.00 a.6±0.02 a 2.34±0.002 a Values (means of duplicate±se) in the same column sharing a common superscript are not significantly different (P>0.05). SGR (%/day) = (Ln final weight of fish - Ln initial weight of fish) 00/days of feeding trial.
326 윤아영ㆍ김희성ㆍ서영완ㆍ조성환ㆍ배준영 Table 3. Feed consumption (g/fish), feed efficiency (FE, %), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and protein retention (PR) of rockfish Sebastes schlegelii fed experimental diets containing various sources of antioxidants for 8 weeks Experimental diets Feed consumption (g/fish) FE (%) PER 2 PR 3 Con 0.9±0.32 b 03±. a 2.0±0.09 a 45.4±0.28 a SW.2±0.05 b 00±0.6 a.97±0.03 a 45.2±0.29 a LK 2.3±0.0 a 0±0.5 a.97±0.00 a 42.0±0.35 b DD.6±0.05 ab 00±0.6 a.96±0.0 a 44.0±0.54 a Values (means of duplicate±se) in the same column sharing a common superscript are not significantly different (P>0.05). Feed efficiency (FE, %) = Weight gain of fish 00/feed consumed. 2 Protein efficiency ratio (PER) = Weight gain of fish/protein consumed. 3 Protein retention (PR) = Protein gain 00/protein consumed. (Con) (SW) (P<0.05), (DD) (P>0.05). (00-03%) (.96-2.0) (P>0.05). LK (P<0.05). (Cho and Lee, 202), (Choi et al., 2004), (Kim et al., 2005) (Cho et al., 203). 0.5% Chlorella (Bai et al., 200). 8 Table 4. LK DD SW (P<0.05). SW LK DD (P<0.05) (P>0.05). SW (P<0.05), (P>0.05). Chlorella (Bai et al., 200).,, (Seo et al., 2009).,,. Galina et al. (2009) (immunostimulant) (Astragalus membranaceus), (Scutelaria baicalensis), (Lonicera japonica), Ganoderma lucidium holy (Ocimum sanctum), amla (Phyllanthus emblica), neem (Phyllanthus emblica) Solanum trilobatum. 8 total protein, total cholesterol, glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) triglyceride Table 5. Table 4. Chemical composition (%) of rockfish Sebastes schlegelii fed experimental diets containing various sources of antioxidants for 8 weeks Experimental diets Moisture Crude protein Crude lipid Ash Con 62.9±0.47 b 2.±0.0 ab 6.2±0.07 b 6.0±0.04 a SW 62.±0.04 b 2.3±0.00 a 6.5±0.04 a 6.2±0.08 a LK 64.8±0.58 a 20.3±0.08 c 6.3±0.03 b 6.0±0.05 a DD 66.±0.3 a 2.0±0. b 6.3±0.00 b 6.±0.04 a Values (means of duplicate±se) in the same column sharing a common superscript are not significantly different (P>0.05). Table 5. Serum chemistry of rockfish Sebastes schlegelii fed experimental diets containing various sources of antioxidants for 8 weeks Experimental diets Total protein (g/dl) Total cholesterol (mg/dl) GPT (IU/L) GOT (IU/L) Triglyceride (mg/dl) Con 4.2±0.9 a 92.0±3.00 a 2.0±.00 a 66.5±8.50 a 265.5±38.50 a SW 4.0±0. a 88.5±8.50 a 2.0±0.00 a 45.0±6.00 a 32.0±26.00 a LK 4.4±0.04 a 96.5±6.94 a 2.5±0.4 a 42.5±6.2 a 307.5± 2.04 a DD 4.5±0.8 a 208.5±7.50 a 3.0±0.00 a 62.5±5.50 a 303.0± 9.00 a Values (means of duplicate±se) in the same column sharing a common superscript are not significantly different (P>0.05). GPT, glutamic pyruvic transaminase; GOT, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase.
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