Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 6, Vol.31, 2003 A Case of Colonoscopic Reduction of Sigmoid Volvulus Fig. 3 Fig. 4 Fig. 5 Fig. 1 Fig

Medical POSTGRADUATES Abstracts

Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 6, Vol.31, 2003 A Case of Colonoscopic Reduction of Sigmoid Volvulus Fig. 3 Fig. 4 Fig. 5 Fig. 1 Fig. 2 301

(a) (a) (b) (b) Fig. 1. Simple Abdomen Findings. Simple abdomen shows -shaped distended colon without rectal gas[(a)supine view (b)erect view] (c) Fig. 2. Abdominal CT scans. CT scans show dilated bowel loop emerging from the pelvis and extending to the upper abdomen(a), (b), (c) 302

(a) Fig. 4. F/U Simple Abdomen. The distended bowel loop disappeared after the endoscopic reduction. (b) (c) Fig. 3. Emergency colonoscopic findings. Dilated lumen with large amount feces and gas is noted in sigmoid colon(a), (b). Clock-wise twisted mucosal fold is noted at the site of volvulus(c) 303

(a) (b) (c) Fig. 5. F/U Colonoscopic findings. There were no specific lesions in the colon(a), (b), (c) 304

Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 6, Vol.31, 2003 Emerging Viral Diseases (Fig. 1A) (Fig. 1) Fig. 1 305

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REFERENCES 1. Holmes KV (2003) : SARS coronavirus ; A new challenge for prevention and therapy. J Clin Invest, 111 : 1605-1609 2. Sampathkumar P, Temesgen Z, Smith TF, Thompson RL (2003) : SARS ; Epidemiology, clinical presentation, management, and infection control measures. Mayo Clin P r o c, 78 : 882-890 3. Hawkey PM, Bhagani S, Gillespie SH (2003) : Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) ; Breathtaking progress. J Med Microbiol, 52 : 609-613 4. Oxford JS, Bossuyt S, Lambkin R (2003) : A new infectious disease challenge ; Urbani severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus. I m m u n o l o g y, 109 : 326-328 5. Zhong NS, Zeng GQ (2003) : Our strategies for fighting severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 168 : 7-9 6. Peris JS, Lai ST, Poon LL et al. (2003) : Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome. L a n c e t, 361 :1319-1325 7. Lee N, Hui D, Wu A et al. (2003) : A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. N Engl J Med, 348 : 1986-1994 8. http://www.who.int/ 9. Lyle R et al. (2002) : West Nile virus : A primer for the clinician. Ann Intern Med, 137 : 173-179 10. Capua I et al. (2002) : Avian influenza and human health. Acta Trop, 83 : 1-6 11. Chua KB (2003) : Nipah virus outbreak in Malaysia. J Clin Virol, 26 : 265-275 12. Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R (2000) : Viral Diseases. Principles and Practice of Infectious Disesases, Churchill Livingstone, 5th Ed., 2 : 1535-1985 312

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Table 2 Table 2 Fig. 1 Table 1 Fig. 1. Table 1. 30-60% < 30% 70-80% 95% > 70% 2-15%, (HUS/TTP) 10-15% 20% Table 2. 316

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REFERENCES 1. (2003) :, 14(7) : 346 2. Mead PS, Griffin PM (1998) : Escherichia coli O157:H7. L a n c e t, 352 : 1207-1212 3. Su C, Brandt LJ (1995) : Escherichia coli O 157 : H 7 infections in humans. Ann Intern Med, 123 : 698-707 4. Boyce TG, Swerdlow DL, Griffin PM (1995) : Current concepts : Escherichia coli O157:H7 and the hemolytic-uremic syndrome. N Engl J Med, 333 : 364-368., 9 6. Todd WTA, Dundas S (2001) : The management of VTEC O157 infection. Internat J Food Microbiol, 6 6 : 103-110 7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2002) : Preliminary FoodNet data on the incidence of foodborne illness-selected sites, United States. M M W R, 52 : 340-343 8. Fey PD, Wickert RS, Rupp ME, Safranek TJ, Hinrichs SH (2000) : Prevalence of non-ol57:h7 Shiga toxinproducing Escherichia coli in diarrheal stool samples from Nebraska. Emerg Infect Dis, 6 : 530-533 9. Nataro JP, Kaper JB (1998) : Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. CIin Microbiol Rev, 1 : 142-201 10. O'Brien AD, LaVeck GD, Thomson MR, Formal SB (1982) : Production of Shigella dysenteriae type l-like cytotoxin by Escherichia coli. J Infect Dis, 146 : 743-769 11. Proulx F, Turgeon JP, De1age G, Lafleur L, Chicoine L (1992) : Randomized controlled trial of antibiotic therapy for Escherichia coli O157:H7 enteritis. J P e d i a t r, 121 : 299-303 5. (2003) : 2003 12. Riley LW, Remis RS, Helgerson SD, McGee HB, Wells JG, Davis BR, Hebert RJ, Olcott ES, Johnson LM, Hargrett NT, Blake PA, Cohen ML (1983) : Hemorrhagic colitis associated with a rare Escherichia coli serotypes. N Engl J Med, 308 : 681-685 13. Safdar N, Said A, Gangnon RE, Maki DG (2002) : Risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome after antibiotic treatment of Escherichia coli O157:H7 enteritis. A Meta-analysis. J A M A, 288 : 996-1001 14 Wong CS, Jelacic S, Habeeb RL, Watkin SL, Tarr PI (2000) : The risk of the hemolytic uremic syndrome after antibiotic treatment of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Infections. N Engl J Med, 342 : 1930-I936 319

Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 6, Vol.31, 2003 Reemerging Plasmodium vivax Malaria in the Republic of Korea (Table 1, Fig. 1) Table 1. 321

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328 (Table 1) (Table 2) Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 6, Vol. 31, 2003 Bioterrorism

Table 1. Bacillus anthracis Smallpox Yersinia pestis Viral hemorrhagic fever Francisella tularensis Salmonella typhi Shigella species Coxiella burnetii Brucella suis Vibrio cholera Botulinum Staphylococcal enterotoxin B Diphtheria toxin Snake toxin Rice blast Rye stem rust Table 2. Category A Category B Category C Bacillus anthracis Coxiella burnetti Nipah virus variola major(smallpox) Brucella species Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis Yersinia pestis(plague) Burkholderia mallei Yellow fever virus - Flaviviridae - Venezuelan encephalomyelitis - Ebola hemorrhagic fever - eastern and western - Marburg hemorrhagic fever equine encephalomyelitis - Arenaviridae - Lassa fever - Argentine hemorrhagic fever Clostridium botulinum toxin Francisella tularensis ricin toxin epsilon toxin staphylococcal enterotoxin B Salmonella species Shigella dysenteriae Escherichia coli O157:H7 Vibrio cholera Cryptosporidium parvum 329

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Table 1. Province Source Species No. of tested No. of culture Isolate Choongbuk tick* I. nipponensis 8 3 KK-1, KK-2, KK-5 mouse A. agrarius 12 2 KM-4, KM-10 Choonnam tick I. granulatus 29 4 HN-6, HN-7, HN-8, HN-9 HNM-11, HNM-12, HNM-13 mouse A. agrarius 20 9 HNM-14, HNM-15, HNM-16 Kangwon tick* I. persulcatus 16 1 KW-3 Kyungbuk tick* Ixodes sp. 9 0 Cheju tick* Haemaphysalis sp. 40 0 * Collected by flagging vegetation HNM-17, HNM-18, HNM-19 Fig. 2, 3, 4 Fig. 1. 336

Fig. 1, 2 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 4 Fig. 2. 3. 4. 337

REFERENCES 1. (1972) :. (1986) : Involvement of birds in the epidemiology of the, R - 72-82 : 140-160 (1994) : mammalian hosts for spirochete-infected ticks and., 29 : insects in a Lyme disease focus in Connecticut. Yale J of 607-617 n i p p o n e n s i s 1. spirochete and its relation to tick vectors. Yale J Biol, 27 : 83-88,,, (1993) : Lyme disease., 31(4) : 601-605 23 : 480-485985. 6. Anderson JF, Johnson RC, Magnarelli LA and Hyde FW Lyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferi. Inf. I m m u, 51 : 394-396 2.,,,,,, 7. Anderson JF and Magnarelli LA (1984) : Avian and 3.,,,, (1989) : I x o d e s 4. 5.,, (1985) : 1. Bioi Med, 57 : 627-641 8. Burgdorferi W (1984) : Discovery of the Lyme disease M e d, 57 : 515-520 9. Lee SH, Kim JH, Jung KD, Lee JH, Kim SC, Kim JE, Hong SJ, Jang WJ, Park KH (2002) : Genetic Heterogeneity of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato Isolated in Chungju, Korea, by OspC gene sequence Analysis. J. Bacterial viol, 32 : 159-164 338

Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 6, Vol.31, 2003 Madcow Disease and Other Prion Diseases Table 1. Scrapie Table 1 Transmissible mink encephalopathy Chronic wasting disease Bovine spongiform encephalopathy Feline spongiform encephalopathy,,,,,, 339

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Table 2 Table 2. CJD CJD (yr) 60 29 (mo) 5 14,,, 40% 94% 100% 0% 10% 100% Codon 129 MM subtype 80% 100% 341

Table 3 Table 3. Kuru (cannibalism) CJD sporadic CJD? (somatic mutation?) iatrogenic CJD CJD (,, ) familial CJD PrP mutation (codon 178,180,200,232) new variant CJD BSE? Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease PrP mutation (codon 102,105,117,198,217) Fatal familial insomnia PrP mutation (codon 178, 200) 342

REFERENCES 1. Haywood AM (1997) : Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. N Engl J Med, 337 : 1821-1828 2. Prusiner SB (1997) : Prion diseases and the BSE crisis. S c i e n c e, 278 : 245-251 3. Gajdusek DC, Zigas V (1957) : Degenerative disease of the central nervous system in New Guinea : The endemic occurrence of kuru in the native population. N Engl J Med, 257 : 974-978 4. Gajdusek DC, Gibbs CJ, Alpers M (1966) : Experimental transmission of a kuru-like syndrome to chimpanzees. N a t u r e, 209 : 794-796 5. Gibbs CJ Jr, Gajdusek DC, Asher DM et al. (1968) : Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (spongiform encephalopathy) : Transmission to the chimpanzee. S c i e n c e, 161 : 388-389 6. Prusiner SB, Groth D, Serban A et al. (1993) : Ablation of the prion protein (PrP) gene in mice prevents scrapie and facilitates production of anti-prp antibodies. P r o c Natl Acad Sci U S A, 90 : 10608-10612 7. Ricketts MN, Cashman NR, Stratton EE, El Saadany S (1997) : Is Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease transmitted in 343

blood? Emerg Infect Dis, 3 : 155-163 8. Klein R, Dumble LJ (1993) : Transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by blood transfusion. L a n c e t, 341 : 768 9. Creange A, Gray F, Cesaro P et al. (1995) : Creutzfeldt- Jakob disease after liver transplantation. Ann Neurol, 38 : 269-272 10. Manuelidis EE, Kim JH, Mericangas JR, Manuelidis L (1985) : Transmission to animals of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease from human blood. L a n c e t, 2 : 896-897 11. Tateishi J (1985) : Transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease from human blood and urine into mice. L a n c e t, 2 : 1074 12. Zerr I, Bodemer M, Gefeller O et al. (1998) : Detection of 14-3-3 protein in the cerebrospinal fluid supports the diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Ann Neurol, 43 : 32-40. 13. Johnson RT, Gibbs Jr C (1998) : Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and related transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. N Engl J Med, 339 : 1994-2004. 344

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Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 6, Vol.31, 2003 Abstracts Use of a Whole Blood Rapid Panel Test for Heart-Type Fatty Acid- Binding Protein in Patients with Acute Chest Pain : Comparison with Rapid Troponin T and Myoglobin Tests Yoshihiko Seino et al. P l a t e l e tendothelial Biomarkers in Depressed Patients Treated Am J Med, 115 : 185-190, 2003 with the Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Sertraline after Acute Coronary Events. The Sertraline AntiDepressant Heart Attack Randomized Trial (SADHART) Platelet Substudy Victor L Serebruany et al. Circulation, 108 : 939-944, 2003 352

Effects of Candesartan on Mortality and Morbidity in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure : the CHARM-Overall Programme Marc A Pfeffer et al. Antioxidant Vitamins C and E Improve Endothelial Function in Children with Lancet, 362 : 759-766, 2003 Hyperlipidemia. Endothelial Assessment of Risk from Lipids in Youth (EARLY) Trial Marguerite M Engler et al. Circulation, 108 : 1059-1063, 2003 353

Safety of an Aspirin-Alone Regimen after Intracoronary Stenting with a Heparin-Coated Stent. Final Results of the HOPE (HEPACOAT and an Antithrombotic Regimen of Aspirin Alone) Study Roxana Mehran et al. Circulation, 108 : 1078-1083, 2003 L1 Expression as a Predictor of Progression and Survival in Patients with Uterine and Ovarian Carcinomas Mina Fogel et al. Lancet, 362 : 869-875, 2003 Recreational Physical Activity and the Risk of Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women Anne Mectiernan et al. JAMA, 290 : 1331-1336, 2003 354

Parvovirus B19 Infection Mimicking Acute Myocardial Infarction Uwe Kuhl Circulation, 108 : 945-950,2003 355

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