44 4, 259 265 (2017) Korean J. Poult. Sci. Vol.44, No.4, 259 265 (2017) https://doi.org/10.5536/kjps.2017.44.4.259 259 The Effect of Early Chick Weight on Market-Weight in Korean Native Chickens Ki Gon Kim, Eun Sik Choi, Jae Hyun Kwon and Sea Hwan Sohn Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea ABSTRACT This study was to investigate the effect of chick weight in the early growth period on market-weight of Korean native chickens (KNCs). We measured the body weights of 1,087 chickens (male 479, female 608) of 13 KNC strains at 1-84 days of age at two week intervals. The growth performance of the 13 KNC strains was investigated. Correlation coefficients among the weights of chickens in each growth period and regression of market-weight on early chick weights were analyzed. The results showed that the average body weight of 70-day-old KNCs was 1,962g: 2,154g and 1,819.7g for males and females, respectively. The equation for regression of body weight on age was estimated as =0.1347X 2 +18.738X 40.134 (R 2 =0.9418). Using this regression equation, the duration required to attain a KNC market-weight of 2 kg was estimated as 71.8 days. All the correlation coefficients between early chick weight and market-weight were significantly positive. Although the correlation coefficients among the chick weights in each growth period decreased with increase in age interval, early growth weight had a significant effect on late growth performance. The correlation coefficient between market-weight at 70-days and chick weight at 1-day was estimated to be a low as 0.10-0.13. In the estimations of market-weight correlation coefficients, correlation coefficient and coefficient of determination were high in the female and male chicks after 28-days and 42-days of age, respectively. The results of the analysis of correlation and regression between early chick weight and market-weight of KNCs showed that market-weight could be predicted based on the weights of 28-day-old females and 42-day-old males. (Key words: early chick weight, market-weight, correlation coefficient, regression analysis, Korean native chicken). 8 (broiler), 10% (MAFRA, 2016).., 1.8 kg 5 9 10 2..,. (Ohh et al., 1985; Willemsen et al., 2008), 12 18 (Deaton et al., 1979). (+) (Tindell and Morris, 1964; Proudfoot and Hulan, 1981; Whiting and Pesti, 1984),, To whom correspondence should be addressed : shsohn@gntech.ac.kr
260 : (Kosin et al., 1952; Bray and Iton, 1962; Gardiner, 1973; Wilson, 1991).., Barred Plymouth Rocks (O Neil, 1955). ( ) (Molenaar et al., 2008)., 12 (Wiley, 1950),, 2 (Godfrey et al., 1953).,.,.,. 13 (commercial chicken) 12,. H Cornish 2 New Hampshire Rhode 6 12 1 13 1,087 (Table 1). 2015 11 1 12.. 12 0 8 3 3 (74 cm 60 cm 35 cm/cage), 12 2 4 (90 cm 90 cm 66 cm/cage), 13 16.,. 24, H., (IACUC). 1,087 1 84 (12 ) 2., SAS software package(sas Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) GLM procedure. Duncan s multiple range test. Y ijk = μ + S i + B j + SB ij + e ijk Table 1. Number of chicks for experiment Strains 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Total Female 48 32 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 608 Male 26 26 26 26 26 26 52 52 39 51 51 39 39 479 Total 74 58 74 74 74 74 100 100 87 99 99 87 87 1,087
Kim et al. : The Effect of Early Chick Weights on Market-Weight in Korean Native Chickens 261, Y ijk = μ = S i = B j = SB ij = e ijk =, = 70 ( ) a = X = (1, 14, 28, 42, 56 ) b = SAS CORR procedure Pearson s correlation coefficient,. PROC REG,. (simple linear regression equation). 13 1 84 2 Table 2. 84, 1. Table 2. The body weights of 13 strains of Korean native chickens Strains Body weight (g) at 1 d 14 d 28 d 42 d 56 d 70 d 84 d 1 43.2±3.5 a 179.7±32.4 abcd 536.0±57.9 ab 1,022.9±115.9 abc 1,502.1±151.3 b 1,992.3±259.7 ab 2,460.4±329.2 2 43.1±3.7 a 190.7±29.2 ab 557.6±82.6 a 1,057.4±128.0 a 1,566.2±183.6 a 2,057.3±287.5 a 2,507.0±353.6 3 41.4±2.6 b 176.1±29.4 c 516.2±59.2 bc 985.7±111.9 cd 1,458.7±163.1 b 1,937.0±290.6 b 2,386.6±364.8 4 41.1±3.2 b 182.4±30.4 abcd 531.0±67.4 b 1,003.4±114.1 bc 1,485.2±176.9 b 1,944.0±279.0 b 2,393.2±385.1 5 39.7±3.0 c 181.9±28.6 abcd 529.1±60.6 b 1,012.7±104.8 abc 1,502.7±162.1 b 1,986.7±258.1 ab 2,448.9±350.0 6 39.3±2.9 c 174.9±28.9 c 515.3±59.8 bc 993.2±130.3 bcd 1,486.4±172.4 b 1,976.9±259.4 ab 2,460.0±350.7 7 41.6±3.4 b 184.5±34.9 abcd 537.1±74.6 ab 1,036.5±122.4 ab 1,475.9±171.7 b 1,983.2±271.9 ab 2,466.4±382.5 8 41.1±2.4 b 190.0±28.2 abc 540.0±71.3 ab 1,035.4±134.1 ab 1,475.8±163.0 b 1,926.3±263.0 b 2,464.6±357.5 9 40.8±2.7 b 191.1±29.9 a 529.0±76.0 b 1,022.9±138.6 abc 1,457.3±186.0 b 1,953.2±308.4 ab 2,406.9±429.8 10 41.3±2.9 b 178.9±28.6 cd 527.8±75.5 b 1,015.3±148.1 abc 1,478.7±186.3 b 1,989.2±282.4 ab 2,522.1±385.5 11 39.6±3.0 c 179.3±37.5 bcd 515.1±80.1 bc 1,007.8±145.0 bc 1,447.6±198.5 b 1,925.7±320.6 b 2,404.8±465.4 12 39.9±3.2 c 183.8±33.8 abcd 521.6±77.2 bc 1,035.1±134.6 ab 1,511.4±201.8 ab 1,969.8±330.7 ab 2,462.8±436.8 13 36.8±2.1 d 176.0±27.6 c 498.2±66.9 c 950.5±143.5 d 1,444.0±195.4 b 1,894.8±310.9 b 2,381.6±396.7 Male 40.8±3.4 187.4±32.3 A 555.8±72.0 A 1,100.1±115.4 A 1,589.6±171.0 A 2,154.0±271.4 A 2,719.4±369.3 A Female 40.5±3.4 178.6±30.0 B 505.6±63.3 B 950.3±104.0 B 1,401.5±140.6 B 1,819.7±207.1 B 2,239.5±251.4 B Overall means 40.6±3.4 182.3±31.3 526.9±71.6 1,013.9±131.7 1,481.4±180.1 1,961.7±288.5 2,443.3±388.0 Values are mean±standard deviations. The different letters of superscript within column significantly differ (P<0.05).
262 :, 2 kg 70 2 2,057.3 g, 13 1,894.8 g, 84., 70 2,154 g, 1,819.7 g 334 g. (Fig. 1). 2 kg 34 2,092 g (Cobb 500, 2015), 70 1,962 g 2.. 1960 55 1,380 g (Tindell and Morris, 1964) 1970 1,761 g (Gardiner, 1973), 80 49 2,000 g (Proudfoot and Hulan, 1981; Whiting and Pesti, 1984). 2000 2 kg 40 (Cunningham, 2009), 35 (Tahir et al., 2011). 12 1,305 1,921 g(lee et al., 2013), 12 1,153 1,682 g(lee et al., 2014), 3 2,602 2,734 g(park et al., 2010)., H (PS) 12 1,640.9 g (Choi et al., 2017), 12 2,443 g. 2 =0.1347X 2 + 18.738X 40.134, Fig. 2. (R 2 ) 0.9418,. 2 kg 71.8. Fig. 1. The growth curve of 13 strains of Korean native chickens in growth period.
Kim et al. : The Effect of Early Chick Weights on Market-Weight in Korean Native Chickens 263 Fig. 2. The regression curve of body weight on age in Korean native chickens. Table 3 1 84 2. 1 84 (+),. 1. 2 kg 70,. 14, 28 r=0.56., 28 r= 0.37, 42.., Table 4. 1, 14, 28, 42 56 70,.. 28 (Y= 1.8294X+ 894.76), 42 (Y=1.5278X+ 473.22).,. 1 (Powell and Bowman, 1964; Ohh et al., 1985; Willemsen et al., 2008), (Decuypere, 1979; Mc- Loughin and Gous, 1999; Wolanski et al., 2003; Tona et al., 2004; Molenaar et al., 2008). Willemsen et al.(2008) 0.25 0.35 Table 3. The correlation coefficients among chick weights in growth stage of Korean native chickens 1 d 14 d 28 d 42 d 56 d 70 d 84 d 1 d - 0.15 ** 0.23 ** 0.20 ** 0.15 ** 0.10 * 0.10 * 14 d 0.11 * - 0.78 ** 0.52 ** 0.37 ** 0.26 ** 0.26 ** 28 d 0.17 ** 0.73 ** - 0.84 ** 0.71 ** 0.56 ** 0.53 ** 42 d 0.14 ** 0.52 ** 0.78 ** - 0.89 ** 0.70 ** 0.66 ** 56 d 0.12 * 0.24 ** 0.52 ** 0.81 ** - 0.83 ** 0.80 ** 70 d 0.13 ** 0.17 ** 0.37 ** 0.65 ** 0.81 ** - 0.91 ** 84 d 0.10 * 0.13 ** 0.29 ** 0.56 ** 0.70 ** 0.88 ** - The above diagonal is female and the below diagonal is male. The asterisk indicates the significance of the correlation coefficient ( * P<0.05, ** P<0.01).
264 : Table 4. Estimation of regression equations of the market-weight at 70 days-old chicken (Y) on the chick weights at 1 day-, 14 days-, 28 days-, 42 days-, and 56 days-old (X) for 13 strains of Korean native chickens Independent variables (X) Female Male Overall Body weight at 1 d Y=6.4340 * X+1559.0 (R 2 =0.0110) Y=10.423 ** X+1728.7 (R 2 =0.0166) Y=10.118 ** X+1550.5 (R 2 =0.0139) Body weight at 14 d Y=1.8133 ** X+1495.9 (R 2 =0.0692) Y=1.3887 ** X+1893.8 (R 2 =0.0273) Y=2.3222 ** X+1538.3 (R 2 =0.0635) Body weight at 28 d Y=1.8294 ** X+894.76 (R 2 =0.3127) Y=1.4012 ** X+1375.2 (R 2 =0.1384) Y=2.2265 ** X+788.49 (R 2 =0.305) Body weight at 42 d Y=1.3921 ** X+496.77 (R 2 =0.4885) Y=1.5278 ** X+473.22 (R 2 =0.4221) Y=1.7019 ** X+236.10 (R 2 =0.6039) Body weight at 56 d Y=1.2193 ** X+110.88 (R 2 =0.6853) Y=1.2792 ** X+120.48 (R 2 =0.6499) Y=1.3910 ** X 98.974 (R 2 =0.754) The asterisk indicates the significance of the regression coefficient ( * P<0.05, ** P<0.01)., 7 0.37 0.54, 0.1 0.2 (Bray and Iton, 1962; Gardiner, 1973; Ohh et al., 1985; Wilson, 1991)., 70 0.10 0.13.,., 28 (4 ), 42 (6 ).,. 70 0.10 0.13 28, 42 (R 2 ). 28, 42. ( :,,,, ) 2017.. 13 1,087 1 84 2,. 70 1,962 g, 2,154 g, 1,819.7 g. = 0.1347X 2 +18.738X 40.134(R 2 =0.9418), 2 kg 71.8. 1 84 (+), Bray DF, Iton EL 1962 The effect of egg weight on strain differences in embryonic and post-embryonic growth in the domestic fowl. Br Poult Sci 3:175-188. Choi ES, Bang MH, Kim KG, Kwon JH, Chung OY, Sohn SH 2017 Production performances and heterosis effects of Korean native chicken breed combinations by diallel crossing test. Korean J Poult Sci 44(2):123-134. Cobb 500 2015 Broiler performance & nutrition supplement. L-2114-07 En. Cobb-Vantress. Com. Cunningham DL 2009 Cash flow estimates for contract broiler production in Georgia: A 20-year analysis. Accessed
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