- 1998-2000 - ( ). 1997..,.. (, 20001).,.,, 1990.,,. 1990. (, 2001).. 1998 2000, 1998 2000..,?
?,?,? Juhn Murphy (1993). Juhn Murphy 1970 1990 30 1990., ( ). 1),,. Juhn Murphy 30 3. 3..,...,. -. /.,. 1998-2000 3. -,, -.. 1) Juhn Murphy ' ' (2000).
. 1..,. 1980 1990, 1980 1990., 1990.., Kim & Topel(1995), (1998). 1980 1990.. Kim & Topel(1995) 1980. (1998) 1980. (2001).,. Juhn Murphy,. 2. Juhn Murphy Juhn Murphy., (percentiles differential).,, ( ). -.,.,,,.
. Juhn Murphy -... 3. 1998-2000 3., 40. - 1., 1999 2000 1998...,. - 1 1998 2000 ( :,,,, %) 1998 1999 2000 1998-2000 121 113 117-4 7 6 6.5-0.5 36.5 40 40 0.5 54 54 54 0 66.4 63.5 63.0-2.6 ) 1) :. 2) : +
. 1998 2000 : 1... < - 1>. 1998 2000, < - 1>.,,,., 20-30 1-2%..,, 20.,, 20.,.
- 1. 1998-2000 a (%) 1998-2000 1998 1999 2000 : 65.76 34.24 63.55 36.45 62.98 37.02-2.78 2.78 : (2 ) (4 ) 17.53 42.32 11.22 24.47 4.45 20.17 41.50 11.48 22.92 3.93 20.30 42.49 12.05 21.28 3.87 2.77 0.17 0.83-3.19 0.58 : 15-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 60 2.78 32.10 31.85 21.70 9.16 2.42 3.51 29.60 31.44 22.99 10.05 2.40 3.33 28.95 32.43 22.91 9.95 2.42 0.56 3.15 0.58 0.21 0.79 0 : 21-30 31-40 41-50 5.08 22.36 39.23 3.97 20.52 41.90 3.57 22.64 40.82-1.51 0.28 1.58 21-30 31-40 41-50 34.60 32.66 20.03 31.27 33.45 21.21 29.56 33.13 22.32-5.04 0.97 2.29 21-30 31-40 41-50 37.99 35.37 17.61 37.63 36.57 16.39 37.59 39.80 14.46-0.4 4.43-3.16 ) 1) a: (efficiency units)..
2. 998 2000, 20,.?. Xt =D(Wt, Zt ) Xt Wt Zt t K 1, t K 1, t m 1. dxt =Dw dwt + DzdZt dw't (dxt - DzdZt ) = dwt 'Dw dwt 0 ( Z ) dw'dx 0. 1998 2000,. (Xt, Wt ), t=1998, 1999, 2000. (Wt -W )' (Xt -X ) 0 (Wt -W )' (Xt -X ) 0., 1998 2000,. - 2. (Wt - W )' (X t - X ): 1998 1999 1999 0.018 2000 0.139 0.372 1998 2000 (Wt -W )' (Xt -X ) (+)..
3. : / 1998 2000 /. 16 9. 9 4., 1999 2000. 1999.,,. 1998 2000,,,,,,,,.,,.....
- 3. / 1998-2000 a (% ) 1998-1999 1999-2000 1998-2000 : 1. 0.06 0.05 0.11 2. - 2.98 0.26-2.72 3. - 0.08 0.17 0.09 4. 3.00 0.27 3.27 5. 0.20 0.34 0.54 6. 1.48 0.16 1.64 7. - 0.24-0.19-0.43 8. - 0.76 0.31-0.45 9. - 0.14-0.05-0.19 10. 0.24-1.07-0.83 11. - 0.80-0.17-0.97 12. 0.13-0.47-0.34 13. - 0.35 0.10-0.25 14. 0.38 0.17 0.55 15. - 0.04 0.11 0.07 16. - 0.11 0.01-0.10 : 1.61-0.81 0.8-2.59 1.38-3.59-5.15 1.08-4.07 6.12-0.03 6.09 ) 1) a. 2) : : / /. : /. : /. :, /.
. 1.. 75th 25th., 75th 25th. 3-4%.,,. 75-25th 75-50th 50-25th, 75-50th, 50-25th 1998. 75-50th 3 50-25th. - 1. ( ). - 2, 75 25th 1999, 2000 1998. 75-50th 50-25th, 75-50th 1999 2000, 50th- 25th 1999 2000. 75-50th 50-25th, 75-50th 50-25th.
. - 2 ( ),,. 50th (, 2000).,,,...
- 1. A. 1998 1999 2000 0.48 0.47 0.47 : 9 0-10t h 1.24 1.33 1.24 75-25t h 0.69 0.73 0.76 9 0-5 0t h 0.69 0.69 0.69 5 0-10t h 0.55 0.64 0.55 75-5 0t h 0.40 0.39 0.40 5 0-25t h 0.29 0.36 0.36 2,807 2,875 2,763 B. 1998 1999 2000 0.45 0.44 0.43 : 9 0-10t h 1.14 1.08 1.10 75-25t h 0.58 0.54 0.58 9 0-5 0t h 0.56 0.51 0.53 5 0-10t h 0.58 0.57 0.57 75-5 0t h 0.31 0.25 0.32 5 0-25t h 0.28 0.29 0.27 1,864 1,827 1,740
2. ( ),. 1980 1990 (Kim & Topel, 1995). 1990, (,, 1999). 40.., (40 40 ),, ( ),.. - 3-4 1998 2000. 10th. 50th 90th 90%. 1998 2000 10th 90th 40 40, 50th..
. - 5. - 6. -3-4, 90th 40 40. 40. 40 ( ),..,,. 2), -4 1998 2000... 2),,,,,,. 1.
- 4. A. 1998 1999 2000 0.32 0.32 0.31 9 0-10t h 0.81 0.83 0.82 75-25t h 0.42 0.43 0.42 9 0-5 0t h 0.40 0.41 0.39 5 0-10t h 0.41 0.42 0.43 75-5 0t h 0.21 0.21 0.21 5 0-25t h 0.21 0.22 0.21 2,807 2,875 2,763 B. 1998 1999 2000 0.32 0.33 0.32 9 0-10 0.80 0.84 0.80 75-25 0.42 0.43 0.42 9 0-5 0 0.40 0.41 0.39 5 0-10 0.40 0.43 0.41 75-5 0 0.21 0.22 0.21 5 0-25 0.21 0.21 0.21 1,864 1,827 1,740
3. 1998 2000 -,, -. 3.,.. Y it = X it t + u 3) it Y it t i. X it (,, ). u it. -, it,, F t ( ) -. (cumulative distribution). u it = F 1 t ( it X it ) F 1 t ( X it ) t X it., ( X ),, ( ),,.,, F ( X it ). Y it = X it + X it ( t - ) + F 1 ( it X it ) + [ F 1 t ( it X it ) - F 1 ( it X it ) ],. 3),,,,,,. 9 4.,,,. 1.
..,,. Y 1 it = X it + F 1 ( it X it ) Y 2 it = X it + F 1 ( it X it ) Y 3 it = X it + F 1 ( it X it ) = X it t + u it = Y it (, u it = F 1 t ( it X it ) ) Y 1 it. Y 2 it Y 1 it. Y 3 it Y 2 it. - 5, 1998-2000 1998-2000 75-25th 0.490 0.141 0.048 0.301 75-50th 0.145 0.020 0.015 0.110 50-25th 0.345 0.121 0.033 0.191 1997-1999 ( ) 90-10th 90-50th 50-10th 0.18793 0.02631 0.16162 0.3227 0.2666 0.00561 0.16049 0.05591 0.10458-0.00483-0.05626 0.05413-5, 1998 2000..,. (2000),.
4. 10%, 10%, 10%. 1998 2000,,,, 10%.,,,..,... /. dx d = i, j d Y i.j Y i, j X i, j X i, j / ij 100 100 1, Y ij / ij, d Y ij / ij ( / ) /. X ij. / 4).,. /. 4). 1998, 1999, 2000.
- 6 / 1998-1999 1999-2000 1998-2000 0-10th 45-55th 90-100th 0-10th 45-55th 90-100th 0-10th 45-55th 90-100th : 1. 0.66 0.00 0.00-0.28 0.25 0.00 0.38 0.25 0.00 2. - 8.41 1.81 7.83 8.23 0.23 1.6-0.18 2.04 9.43 3. 0.00-0.29 0.9 0.00 0.06 1.30 0.00-0.23 2.20 4. 0.42 7.26-3.12-0.32-0.29 0.64 0.1 6.97-2.48 5. - 1.62-3.97 4.78 1.87-0.22-3.74 0.25-4.01 1.04 6. 3.67-0.04-0.58-2.02 1.08-0.57 1.65 1.04-1.15 7. - 1.34-1.37-1.29 0.36 0.84-1.03-0.98-0.53-2.32 8. - 0.57-1.84 1.00 0.30-0.31 0.43-0.27-2.15 1.43 9. - 1.08-0.55 0.68 1.01-1.04-0.31-0.07-1.59 0.37 10. 8.00-0.34-3.46-5.58-0.49-0.50 2.42-0.83-3.96 11. 0.50-1.75-4.50-4.38 0.42-0.56-3.88-1.33-0.56 12. - 2.63 0.89-0.33 1.61-0.57 1.79-1.02 0.32 1.46 13. 1.41-0.58-1.52-0.93 0.62 0.45 0.48 0.04-1.07 14. 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.00 1.13 0.00 0.00 15. 0.00-0.25 0.00 0.00 0.51 0.49 0.00 0.26 0.49 16. 0.00 0.10-0.41 0.00-0.35 0.00 0.00-0.25-0.41 : 1.5-1.61 0.09-1.28 4.16 3.12 0.22 2.55 3.21-2.82-5.58-4.83 0.35 1.94-2.69-2.47-3.64-7.52-5.39-1.38 2.12-1.51-4.84-1.08-6.90-6.22 1.04 6.73 8.57 2.61 2.43-1.27 0.65 9.16 7.3 3.26
- 7. -7, 1998 2000 /, 10th 75th. 1999 2000..
. 1998 2000. 20,,.,,.., 75th 25th. 75th 50th 50th 25th, 75-50th, 50-25th.. 1998 2000 75th-50th 50-25th.,. 90th 25th, 75th.,....,,.,.
(2000),,. (1999), 1-,.,,, 30 2, 2001, 2. (2000),,, 23 2, 61 79. (2000),,. (2001),,. (1999),,, 22, 35 60. Ashenfelter, O. and D. Card. ed., Handbook of Labor Economics, vol. 3, Elsevier, 1999. Chinhui Juhn, Kevin M. Murphy, Brooks Pierce(1993), "Wage Inequality and the Rise in Returns to Skill", Journal of Political Economy, vol. 101, no.3, pp410 442. Katz, Lawarence F., and Kevin M. Murphy, "Changes in Relative Wages, 1963-1987: Supply and Demand Factors," Quarterly Journal of Economics, C (1992) 35-78. Katz, L. and D. Autor, changes in the Wage Structure of Earnings Inequality, Handbook of Labor Economics, vol 3. Kevin M. Murphy, Finis Welch(1993), "The structure of Wages", Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1993, pp285 pp326. Kim, D. I & T opel, R. H.91995), "Labor Markets and Economic Growth: Lessons from Korea's Industrialization, 1970-1989", in Freeman, R. B. & Katz, L. F, Differences and Changes in Wage Structures, pp227 264. Kim, Jang-Ho, The Economic Crisis and Labor market Policy: The Case of Korea. Korean Science Journal, vol. #2, 2000. 9. Oded Galor & Omer Moav, "Ability-biased T echnological Transition, Wage Inequality, And economic growth", The Quarterly Journal of Economics, pp469 497, May 2000.
1. 1998 1999 2000 3.90(0.083) 3.86(0.081) 3.92(0.083) ( 1, 2) - 0.34(0.014) - 0.35(0.013) - 0.36(0.013) 0.11(0.007) 0.11(0.007) 0.11(0.006) - 0.10(0.008) - 0.12(0.003) - 0.10(0.008) 0.02(0.001) 0.02(0.001) 0.02(0.001) 0.06(0.003) 0.05(0.003) 0.06(0.003) - 0.0007(0.000) - 0.0006(0.000-0.0007(0.000) R 2 0.57 0.55 0.55 2,807 2,875 2,763. 1) ( ). 2) * : 1, 2 * : 1, 2 3, 4 * : 1 ( / /.) 2 ( /.) 3 ( /.) 4 (, /.)