34 35 2002 100% 100% 10 34 35 1) 2) 1) housing allowance, housing benefit, housing voucher 2) aide a la personne(), AL(allocation de logement) APL(aide personnalisee au logement). 77
1997285 need 3) demand 1 1948 1960 4) 2 1960 1970 Boelhouwer & Van der Heijden1992271-272 Galster Grigsby 5) submarket filtering process 3) Robinson1979 5556 4) 5) Grigsby sub-market residential mobility Megbolugbe et al199617791795 78
Galster 1997567-577 Yates Whitehead Yates & Whitehead1998415-423 Howenstine 1 Howenstine 198624-40 King200123-27 1991 170-173 ALAllocation de Logement APLAide Personnalisee au Logement AL ALFAllocation de Logement a caractere Familial 79
ALSAllocation de Logement a caractere Social 1) AL AL 1948 9 2 46 165 1914 15 280 1946 1340 120 56 3 53 32141 3 Stebe199886-88 1946~1954 ALF ALF ALF Lefebvre et al. 1992 9-10 AL 6) ALF AL APL ALS 6) ALAPL 80
5 40 1 65 1 80% ALS ALF 1971 MELTT1997171 2) APL APL 1977 1970 Nora 1975 Barre 1976 1977 Mouillart199833-37 urbanistique Gremion19986-7 AL APL 7) AL Code de la securite sociale 8) APL Code de la construction et de lhabitation AL APL APL 9) APL 7) 8) AL 9) 3 principe du tiers payant 81
convention 10) AL APL 11) AL APL AL APL APL APL APL AL ALALF, ALS APL Durance, 1992: 63-70 ; Granelle, 1998: 298-301 12) AL APL K R N R K 09 N L C Lo AL APLKLCLo MELTT 1997 148-154 10) 11) APLAL AL 12) 82
100% principe de la depense minimale APL175 3 5 AL 100 2 13) principe de la depense marginale principe du taux deffort AL APL 1980 Badet HLM 2 1981 net % 3000 976 13.47 4000 781 14.98 4500 664 15.47 6000 383 16.62 7500 103 17.03 1,040 340 1,380 BADET J. juin 1982. Rapport du groupe de travail sur la reforme des aides personnelles au logement 13) 66 = 1 = 1,300 83
net 1) 2 1984 1995 472% 1995 592 8 14) AL 101% APL 1365% APL AL APL APL APL APL 3 1984 1995 2 1995APL 47% APL 513% 15) 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 APL 1,182 1,427 1,654 1,802 1,958 2,233 AL 2,846 2,699 2,551 2,507 2,331 2,157 (ALF) 1,737 1,619 1,495 1,449 1,311 1,156 (ALS) 1,109 1,080 1,056 1,058 1,020 1,001 APL 4,028 4,126 4,205 4,309 4,289 4,390 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 APL 2,381 2,509 2,556 2,629 2,729 2,795 AL 2,153 2,136 2,496 2,836 3,007 3,133 (ALF) 1,117 1,075 1,054 1,069 1,075 1,092 (ALS) 1,036 1,061 1,442 1,767 1,932 2,041 APL 4,534 4,645 5,052 5,465 5,736 5,928 METLL, 1997 : 334-335 14) 238% METLL1997105 15) 1995 228 ALAPL 700 1/3 METLL1997336 84
2) positive discrimination moral hazard poverty trap 1980 10% 3) APL AL 16) 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 APL 10,667 13,816 17,356 19,885 22,162 25,259 AL 19,756 19,688 19,830 19,819 20,271 20,393 ALF) 12,321 12,009 12,016 11,913 11,996 11,736 ALS) 7,435 7,679 7,814 7,906 8,275 8,657 APL 30,423 33,504 37,195 39,704 42,433 45,652 1990 1991 1992 1,993 1994 1995 APL 27,726 29,731 31,302 32,657 34,267 35,895 AL 21,215 22,450 25,897 30,632 32,970 34,137 ALF) 11,852 12,276 12,909 13,785 14,100 14,346 ALS) 9,363 10,174 12,998 16,847 18,870 19,791 APL 48,941 52,181 57,199 63,289 67,237 70,032 METLL, 1997: 336-337 % 1971 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 1999 2.7 4.1 6.4 10.2 8.9 11.6 11.2 MEFI, 2000: 255 85
4) 17) 16) Granelle1998 294 17) Offe1984147148 Jones199378 86
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