WHO 의새로운국제장애분류 (ICF) 에대한이해와기능적장애개념의필요성 ( 황수경 ) ꌙ 127 노동정책연구 2004. 제 4 권제 2 호 pp.127~148 c 한국노동연구원 WHO 의새로운국제장애분류 (ICF) 에대한이해와기능적장애개념의필요성황수경 *, (disability)..,,. (WHO) 2001 ICF. ICF,.,.,,. (disability) :200457, :517, :528 * (skhwang@kli.re.kr)
128 ꌙ 노동정책연구 2004 년제 4 권제 2 호 (medical definition)......,...,,, (social policy perspective)..,,. Mashaw & Reno(1996). - ADLs(Activities of daily living) 1). - (VR),. 1).
WHO 의새로운국제장애분류 (ICF) 에대한이해와기능적장애개념의필요성 ( 황수경 ) ꌙ 129 - (civil rights protection). -..,,,... ( 2 1 ), 1989 1,,,..,.,,. (WHO)2001(ICF).,.. WHO ICF
130 ꌙ 노동정책연구 2004 년제 4 권제 2 호,.. ICF (functional definition),.. ICIDH(International Classification of Impairment, Disability and Handicap). ICIDH19701980WHO,, (impairment), (disability), (handicap). ICIDH,.. / (Impairments) (Disabilities) (Handicap)
WHO 의새로운국제장애분류 (ICF) 에대한이해와기능적장애개념의필요성 ( 황수경 ) ꌙ 131 1990., (OECD, 2003). (normalization)...,. (participation) (activation), ICIDH (European Commission, 2002)..,..,..,.., (Functional disability),.. 2001 ICF(International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health). ICF1980 ICIDH
132 ꌙ 노동정책연구 2004 년제 4 권제 2 호 ICF ( Body Functions / Body Structures) (Activities) (Participation) ICIDH / (Impairments) (=1980 Disability) (Handicap). 1) (Body Functions/ Body Structures), 2) (activities), 3) (participation).,,,. ICF. (functioning)(disability), (contextual factors).,.. ICF < 1>.,,.,..
WHO 의새로운국제장애분류 (ICF) 에대한이해와기능적장애개념의필요성 ( 황수경 ) ꌙ 133 1: 2: - - - - - ( ) - - -,, () - (capacity) - - () (performance) / - (Functioning) / - (Disability) : WHO, ICF Introduction, p. 11.. ICF.. [ 3]. ICF. ICF,,,..
134 ꌙ 노동정책연구 2004 년제 4 권제 2 호 (//) / () () () : WHO, Toward a Common Language for Functioning, Disability and Health, 2002, p. 9.,,... ICF,.,,,,,. ICF,..
WHO 의새로운국제장애분류 (ICF) 에대한이해와기능적장애개념의필요성 ( 황수경 ) ꌙ 135 2),., ( 21 ). 1989 3) WHO ICIDH ICF.,. 22 1,.... 4) 1989,,,,, 1998 5. 5) 1999 1,, (),,,,. 20032 ( 2) 1990 2000.. 3) 1989,,,, 1999. 4) (2001). 5),,, (, 1998).
136 ꌙ 노동정책연구 2004 년제 4 권제 2 호 20), (21), (15 30), ( 27), (20) (, 2003). 3,,,,., 1989 1,,,... 1991 32, 1999, 2003 145 ( 4). 1,600 등록장애인수 ( 천명 ) 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 322 345 370 400 432 471 535 639 809 1,024 1,202 1,294 1,454 200 0 `91 `92 `93 `94 `95 `96 `97 `98 `99 `00 `01 `02 `03 :,,.
WHO 의새로운국제장애분류 (ICF) 에대한이해와기능적장애개념의필요성 ( 황수경 ) ꌙ 137. 6),.,. 5 ( 28, 14-15 ). 19805, 5, 2000. 2000 7) 1999 5 10,.,,,,,,,,,,. 2000145 3.09%, 1995 (2.35%) 0.7%. 41.7%. 512 2003 173 3.6% (, 2003).,.. 6) 80% (, 2003). 7) 20001995 200 44,000 875.
138 ꌙ 노동정책연구 2004 년제 4 권제 2 호 (%) ( ) (%) 1995 2.35 1,053,000 58.3-5.5 10.7 2.2 3.8 19.5 - - - 2000 3.09 1.449,496 41.7 15.4 12.5 10.3 1.9 7.5 0.9 5.0 1.7 3.1 :, 19952000, 2001.. 8).,.,., 1, 2.,,., - (quota-levy system) 8).
WHO 의새로운국제장애분류 (ICF) 에대한이해와기능적장애개념의필요성 ( 황수경 ) ꌙ 139.,.. ICF. 9). 4(2001), 6(2003) ICF(functional disability).,.. 4,,,, 5 (3). 9) 5,000 1 1 (longitudunal survey) 1998 1 6 (2003 ).
140 ꌙ 노동정책연구 2004 년제 4 권제 2 호 11,0433683.3%. 15104(3.3%). 1, 10) 2000 3.1%. 6. 6,, (4). (sensory disability), (physical disability), (mental disability), (self-care disability), (mobility disability), (employment disability). ICF2000. 15 64, 10,133765 (7.5%), 15 64 219(7.6%). 16 64 18.6% (2000 ). 6. <5>..,.. (6), 10), 15.
WHO 의새로운국제장애분류 (ICF) 에대한이해와기능적장애개념의필요성 ( 황수경 ) ꌙ 141
142 ꌙ 노동정책연구 2004 년제 4 권제 2 호 ( :%) (2003 ) (2000 ) 15-64 * 100 100 100 100 100 100 7.6 6.8 8.4 18.6 19.6 17.6 1.5 2.1 1.0 2.3 2.7 1.9 5.0 4.4 5.7 6.2 6.0 6.4 2.0 1.9 2.0 3.8 3.9 3.7 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.8 1.7 1.9 2.0 1.9 2.1 6.4 6.4 6.4 5.3 4.8 5.9 11.9 13.0 10.9 : * 16 64.. :, Disability Status: 2000 - Census 2000 Brief, 2003., 6. ( : %) 15 19 20 24 25 29 30 34 35 39 40 44 45 49 50 54 55 59 60 64 1.4 2.1 2.3 2.6 3.6 5.5 9.5 13.6 20.7 29.8 :, 6, 40..?? 46.
WHO 의새로운국제장애분류 (ICF) 에대한이해와기능적장애개념의필요성 ( 황수경 ) ꌙ 143 2. 11) 15 648,021. [ 5]. 1281.6%. 96 (1.2%). 43%. 5276.6%.. 15 65 D 7,270 (90.6%) B 96 (1.2%) A 128 (1.6%) C 527 (6.6%) <7>. (A ) 31.3%. (B ) 68.8%. 11) 4 6 2..
144 ꌙ 노동정책연구 2004 년제 4 권제 2 호 ( :%) A. 31.3 37.5 17.5 B. () 68.8 78.8 46.7 C. 36.2 46.8 30.3 D. () 64.7 79.1 51.3 (C ) 36.2% A... =1, =0. 12) <8>.,. ( ),,,. 1,.,.,,. 2....,. 12), KLIPS.
WHO 의새로운국제장애분류 (ICF) 에대한이해와기능적장애개념의필요성 ( 황수경 ) ꌙ 145 1 2 () () -3.2771 (0.1543)** -3.2639 (0.1549)** -0.3012 (0.0593)** -0.3231 (0.0599)** -0.2681 (0.0568)** -0.2835 (0.0575)** 0.0698 (0.0633) 0.0552 (0.0639) 0.2151 (0.0080)** 0.2152 (0.0081)** -0.0024 (0.0001)** -0.0024 (0.0001)** -0.8082 (0.0323)** -0.8118 (0.0323)** A -1.2808 (0.1254)** -0.2627 (0.1405) B -0.2710 (0.1408)* -0.4179 (0.1011)** C -0.7774 (0.0640)** -0.2869 (0.1325)* -0.6774 (0.2463)** -0.1756 (0.1750) -0.5668 (0.1006)** -0.2736 (0.1408)* N 8,021 N 8,021-2 Log L 8679.5-2 Log L 8601.7 : ( ) ; ** p<0.01, * p<0.05,,.. 1 2(proposal)..
146 ꌙ 노동정책연구 2004 년제 4 권제 2 호.... ICF..,,,,...,, 1998.. 2000., 1999... 2003... 2002..., 2001... 2003... 28, 2003. Brown, Cara L. Estimating the Impact of disability on Employment. Brown Economic Assessments Inc., (2001). European Commission, Definition of Disability in Europe: A Comparative Analysis. (2003). Mashaw, J. and Reno, V.(eds). Disability Policy Panel Interim Report: Balancing Security and Opportunity: The Challenge of Disability Income Policy.
WHO 의새로운국제장애분류 (ICF) 에대한이해와기능적장애개념의필요성 ( 황수경 ) ꌙ 147 Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Social Insurance, (1996). OECD. Transforming Disability into Ability: Policies to Promote Work and Income Security for Disabled People. (2003). WHO. ICF Introduction. (2003).. Toward a Common Language for Functioning, Disability and Health. (2002).
148 ꌙ 노동정책연구 2004 년제 4 권제 2 호 abstract Understanding the New International Classification of Disability and Introduction of the Concept of Functional Disability The aim of this paper is to provide evidences how to construct and to use the concept of disability responding to the needs for various social policies, especially the employment policy for the disabled. The definition of disability is directly connected with social policies in many ways. It is because the definition of disability ordinarily becomes a key factor when we have to distinguish who are the beneficiaries of anti-discrimination act, employment support and any other social support. The ICF (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) system, which WHO introduced in 2001, is the outcome of rebuilding up the concept of disability in social policy perspective. This paper deals with the world-wide changes in perception of disability and the relationship between the concept of disability and social policies, centering around the ICF system. In Korea, the discrepancy between the target of employment policies and those beneficiaries has increased as the legal category of (medical) disability expanded. This paper suggests that an introduction of the concept of functional disability in employment policy perspective could be a clue to solve this problem. The empirical results using the KLIPS (Korean labor and Income Panel Study) dataset which contains both of two concepts of disability, ie. medical definition and functional definition, show that the latter type of disability has more significant effects on employment status. Key words : IDICH, ICF, the medical definition of disability, the social definition of disability, the functional definition of disability