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1 Journal of the Society of Korea Industrial and Systems Engineering Vol, 25, No. 6, pp.5972, December 중국의표준화제도및운영시스템에관한연구 * ** *** *** *** A Study on the Standardization System in China Piao Hui Shu * In Chan Yoon ** Nam Ho Cho *** *** Industrial Engineering, Graduate School, Konkuk University ***Industrial Engineering, Konkuk University Along with the enlargement of WTO, issues about standardization activity are more and more become concerning object worldwide. Countries launch the work that putting the standardization in order, such as re-establishing their standardization strategy. With the chance of entering WTO, China is promoting the rebuilding of standardization system in order to conform to international standardization system. Thus, in this paper, research make it clear that the variation of circumstance of standardization activity, the importance of the standardization activity, and the international movement, in the meantime, it surveyed the development course of standardization activity and it's present operating system. By this means, it concludes the problems of present operating system and implies the improving scheme. Further more, this paper implies Chinese characteristic standardization system which conform with WTO/TBT and international standardization system. Firstly, through the comprehensive analysis on standardization system, it figures out the main function of relevant organizations in each working stage. Secondly, this paper makes a system model composed of possible three stage, and setup items needs promotion and main target in each stage. Finally, this paper point out the development direction of standardization system, it also implies it's limitation and the later possible research topic in this field. Keywords:,,,, 1. 서론 WTO,,,.,,,.,,,,,.

2 박혜숙ㆍ윤인찬ㆍ조남호 2,.,.. 70,. WTO,.,.,.,, WTO.,.,,,... (1) (2) (3) ( ) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9). (NIST) Kammer. ISO UN, OECD WTO, (Paradigm) (Rule). 2.2 표준화제도의국제동향,, 1990, ,. 2. 표준화제도운영의필요성 2.1 표준화의정의, 목적및역할 (Standardization) (standard). KS A 3001( ), ISO/STACO-1961 협정의동향 1995 WTO/TBT ( ) (1), ;(2), WTO. TBT TBT

3 중국의표준화제도및운영시스템에관한연구. TBT. (1). (Transparency)( ). (Openness)( ). (Impartiality and Consensus) ( ) (2) (Effectiveness and Relevance).,..,.,..,,., WTO/TBT, WTO ISO. 국제표준화기구의전략동향 ISO IEC WTO/TBT,.. Draft ISO Strategies IEC Masterplan 2000(IEC Council, ) (1) (ISO) ISO () ISO --, ISO.. ISO (Market Relevance), ISO., TC SC,, (SVA TStandards Value Assessment Tool), Late Work Item, (New Deliverables), IT.. ISO,,, ISO,. (2) (IEC) IEC Masterplan IEC,,.. IEC. IEC. IEC,. IEC CEO IEC, ( )., IEC 50% 주요국의표준화전략동향 (1) (EU) EU (Council Resolution of 28 October 1999 on the Role of Standardization in Europe).

4 박혜숙ㆍ윤인찬ㆍ조남호... EU ((CEN) ). [CEN EU EFTA 19%(1999)]. (CEN) (CENELEC) CEN Strategy 2010( CEN ), CENELEC's Visions Until (1) (2) (3) (4)ISO, IEC (5)EU( ).. (New Approach) (Global Approach).,. (2) 1990, NIST ANSI(American National Standards Institute, ) (National Standards Strategy for the United States)...,,,,.. EU EU ISO, IEC, ITU, EU EU, ISO, IEC ISOIEC.. ISO, IEC (For Some Technology Sectors),..,,,. NIST 1995,. NIST. NIST ANSI ANSI. (3) ,,. 26 ISOIEC (ISO IEC ) (Market Relevance).. (4) C

5 중국의표준화제도및운영시스템에관한연구. 21C New Standards Economy( )... WTO/TBT 2004, 10 5.,.,.,.,.,., 2000,. 표준사용자국제연맹 의동향 IFAN 10.,,.. WTO/TBT..... (1), (2),,. (3),. (4),. (5),. 3. 중국표준화제도발전과정및현황 3.1 중국표준화제도발전과정 , 3.1. (1978 )1955,,,. ( )1978, ISO IEC,. ( ) 1988,,,,,, WTO

6 박혜숙ㆍ윤인찬ㆍ조남호, ISO,. (2000 )2001, (SACS). WTO,. 3.2 중국의표준화현행제도 (2002 년 7 월현재 ) ,,,, ,.,..,.,..,.., (Guideline). (SACS),,,,,,,,, ' 66' 76' 78' 81' 82' 83' 84' 85' 86' 87' 88' 89' 90' 91' 92' 93' 94' 95' 96' 01' < 그림 3.1> 연도별국가표준확보수 4,,,. (,,, ), 4. 중국현행표준화제도운영시스템의현황 4.1 중국표준화제도운영시스템에대한실태조사 조사목적 WTO,.

7 중국의표준화제도및운영시스템에관한연구 조사내용및설문지구성 5 5 구분 표준레벨 국가표준산업표준지방표준 기업표준 비 고,,,,,, GB XXXXXXXXX () XXXXXXXX DB ()/XXXXXXX GB/T XXXXXXXXX ()/T XXXXXX DB ()/T XXXXXXX Q/XXXX GB/Z XXXXXXXXX SACS * / * * * * *,,,, SACS * SACS, * ,800 / * / * * * / * / * * / * / * * * / * * * A, C, C 3 / * * 2 *,,,, /, SACS SACS, (30) (30), (30) * *,, SACS * * * * * * * * * * CNCA *WTO/TBT ,744 32,000 11, *, %, 40.8%, 18.6%,,, 8.8% , 1500~2000, % < 그림 3.2> 중국의표준화현행제도및현황 (2002 년 7 월현재 )

8 박혜숙ㆍ윤인찬ㆍ조남호 (), (4.1). 영역 < 표 4.1> 설문지문항별구성및내용 문항문항설문지내용번호형식 * 2,4 * 3 * 5 * 7 * 6,8 * 9 * 10 * 11 * 12 * 13 * 14 * 15 * 16 조사범위, ISO9000,,. 조사방법. 6 -(),,,,, , <4.2>. < 표 4.2> 설문지배부및유효응답률 (%) 조직유형표본조직수배부된수회수률 (%) 유효응답률 (%) 조사현황분석,. 4.2 현행중국표준화제도및운영시스템의문제점과개선방안 4,. 현행제도운영시스템의부적절성과비효과성 72%, 72.3%.,.. 3,,, 4.,,.,,.,,,,.,.,. 표준화과정각단계간의조화문제, /, / 4

9 중국의표준화제도및운영시스템에관한연구.,. 49%,, 62%, 63%. 42%..,.,,. 표준화사업을위한각제도간의조율문제.,,,,.,,,,...,. 표준화사업의국제화및융통성문제 , 43.5%, ISO/IEC 6159 (IDT) 1878,, ISO 186 (TC) 600 (SC), 1 TC, 5 SC..., ISO9000..,.,.,. 5. 중국고유표준화제도및운영시스템의구축방안 5.1 표준화업무체계에대한종합적분석 방침ㆍ목표의설정.

10 박혜숙ㆍ윤인찬ㆍ조남호,.. ( ),,., (+= ). 요구사항의도출,., ( )....,.., (Family).,,.,..,...,,.. 표준의개발,,,. ( ). (, ) ( ).,,. 표준의활용및보급., (,, ). ( ). 평가 분석및개선.,,

11 중국의표준화제도및운영시스템에관한연구 주요목표표준화기반구조마련표준화사업활성화표준화사업국제화및선진화,, IT WTO/TBT,,, ( 6.1 ),,,,, IT WTO/TBT, < 그림 5.1> 중국의고유표준화제도운영시스템의모델구축

12 박혜숙ㆍ윤인찬ㆍ조남호 단계 조직 정부기관 ( 중앙표준화행정관리부처산업별행정관리부처, 지방정부포함 ) 산업별단체 연구기관 학계 ( 교육, 연수기관포함 ) 산업체소비자주요관리항목 * * * * * * * * *WTO/TBT (, *, ) * * *WTO/TBT * * * IT * * * * * * / * * * * * *WTO/TBT * * * * * * * * * * * * *, * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * / * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

13 중국의표준화제도및운영시스템에관한연구..,, / <5.1>. (IT NETWORK ), (). 5.2 중국의표준화제도및운영시스템구축모델 운영시스템의구축목적 전제조건및방법 , WTO/TBT.,.,. 3. 시스템구축단계및단계별주요추진사항과목표 <5.1> 표준화종합평가시스템의수립..,. 5.4 중국표준화제도및운영시스템의발전방향,,,,,.,.

14 박혜숙ㆍ윤인찬ㆍ조남호 (1) (2),,, (3),. (4), (5) (6) --, (7) 6. 결론 WTO,. 20 WTO WTO/TBT,. 3.,,.,,,., SUB.. 참고문헌 [1],, , [2],, , [3] WTO/TBT,, , WTO/ TBT [4],, , [5],, , [6], - 36, 1998, [7],,, 1999 [8],, , 2, [9],, , [10],, , [11], WTO, 2001, [12],, , [13],, 53, 1990, [14], -WTO,, 2002

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XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX 통신서비스 국경간 공급: WTO 멕시코 분쟁사례와 위성DMB 미국시장 진출을 중심으로 요 약 3 통신서비스 국경간 공급: WTO 멕시코 분쟁사례와 위성DMB 미국시장 진출을 중심으로 4 1. 통신서비스 국경간 공급 & 위성DMB 5 2. 멕시코 통신시장 및 국내규제 7 통신서비스 국경간 공급: WTO 멕시코 분쟁사례와 위성DMB