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1 Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation Vol. 25 No. 2, April 2015 pissn eissn Review Articles 최근 10 년간교통사고환자의추나치료에대한국내연구동향 전용태 박상훈 한국인 이정한 * 고연석우석대학교한의과대학한방재활의학과교실, 원광대학교한의과대학한방재활의학과교실 * Trends of Chuna Manual Therapy on Traffic Accident in Korea from 2005 to 2014 Yong-Tae Jeon, K.M.D., Sang-Hun Park, K.M.D., Kuk-In Han, K.M.D., Jung-Han Lee, K.M.D.*, Youn-Seok Ko, K.M.D. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Woo-Suk University, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Won-kwang University* RECEIVED March 16, 2015 REVISED March 31, 2015 ACCEPTED April 2, 2015 CORRESPONDING TO Youn-Seok Ko, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Woo-Suk University Korean Medicine Hospital, 5, Junghwasandong 2-ga, Wansan-gu, Jeonju , Korea TEL (063) FAX (063) koyan@hanmail.net Objectives This study is to investigate domestic trends of chuna manual therapy on traffic accident for recent 10 years. Methods We searched the studies on chuna manual therapy for traffic accident in 6 Korean web databases. Consequently, 17 research papers were founded. We analyzed these papers according to their published year, the titles of journal, the type of study, the number of cases, the sites of injury, assessment scales of study, and ethics of research. Results 17 papers were published since The studies on chuna manual therapy about traffic accident were mainly published in the journal of korean society of chuna manual medicine for spine & nerves and the journal of korean medicine rehabilitation. All papers were clinical research include 2 case series, 2 non randomized controlled trials (NRCTs), 13 randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The most frequently occured symptom was neck pain. In assessment scales, visual analog scale (VAS) was mainly used. All clinical studies were not mentioned about approval of institutional review board (IRB). Conclusions In this study, we analyzed the trends of chuna manual therapy on traffic accident in Korea from 2005 to In reviewing published papers, we found several weak points in methods of research and quality of study protocol. It is needed to adjust these problems for development of future researches. (J Korean Med Rehab 2015;25(2): 89-96) Copyright 2015 The Society of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation Key words trends Traffic accident, Car accident, Whiplash, Chuna manual therapy, Recent 서론»»» 교통사고는자동차, 철도, 선박, 항공기등이그운행또는사용중에교통수단상호간또는사람이나물건이충돌하거나전복하여사람을사상케하거나재물을파괴 하는것을말하고, 교통사고후유증이란교통사고로인하여발생한제반증상이일정기간이지나도소실되지않고남아있는임상증상을총괄하여말하는것이다 1). 경찰청의통계에의하면 2013년교통사고는사고건수 215,354건, 사망자 5,092명, 부상자 328,711명으로집계 89

2 전용태 박상훈 한국인 이정한 고연석 되었고, 꾸준한교통사고예방활동및국민들의법규준수의식향상으로사망자감소추세는이어가고있으나 OECD 주요가입국에비해여전히하위권에위치하고있어범국민적인교통사고를줄이기위한노력이필요한상태이다 2). 1999년자동차손해배상보장법개정이후교통사고에대한한방자동차보험적용이가능해졌고외과적치료가필요치않은환자군에서침치료, 한약치료, 추나치료등한방의료에대한만족도가높아한방병원에내원하는교통사고환자가증가하고있는실정이다 3-4). 이에한의학계에서도교통사고환자의치료에관련한임상논문및고찰연구가발표되고있다. 교통사고환자에대한기존의체계적고찰연구로는조등 5) 의교통사고환자의진단및치료경향성연구와최등 6) 의교통하고후유증의한의학적치료에대한국내연구동향에관한연구가있으나, 교통사고환자의추나치료에대한체계적문헌고찰은시행되지않았다. 이에본저자는 2005년부터 2014년까지최근 10년간의교통사고환자에대해추나치료를적용한논문을분석하여연구동향을살펴보고이를통해향후교통사고환자의추나치료연구의방향성을모색하며, 연구시유의할점들을살펴보고자본연구를진행하였다. 대상및방법»»» 1. 조사대상국내한의과대학, 대학부속병원및기타한의학관련연구기관에서 2005년부터 2014년 12월까지교통사고환자의추나치료를주제로발표된학위논문및학회지에등재된학술논문을대상으로하였다. 검색어로는교통사고, 자동차사고, 편타성손상, whiplash, 채찍증후군으로하고이에검색되는논문들중추나치료를적용한논문중에서원문열람이가능한 17편의논문을수집하였으며, 원문열람이되지않는경우는 척추신경추나의학회, 한방재활의학과학회, 대한침구의학회, 대한스포츠한의학회 학회지의논문들을살펴찾아취합하여연구를진행하였다. 3. 연구방법총 17편의논문을선정하여원문을찾아다음과같은방법으로분류하여살펴보았다. 1) 발표년도별분류 2) 발표학술지별분류 3) 논문형태별분류 4) 증례수및피험자수에따른분류 5) 질환및증상에따른분류 6) 평가방법에따른분류 7) 연구윤리에따른분류 결과»»» 1. 발표년도별분류총 17편의논문이조사되었으며, 연도별로살펴보면 2006년과 2007년에각각 1편 (5.9%), 2009년에 4편 (23.5%), 2010년에 1편 (5.9%), 2011년에 5편 (29.4%), 2012년에 4편 (23.5%), 2013년에 1편 (5.9%) 의논문이발표되었다 (Fig. 1). 2. 논문검색 국내문헌자료의수집을위해국내검색포털을사용하였다. Google 학술검색, Naver 전문정보검색, 한국전통지식포탈, 국회도서관, 과학기술정보통합서비스 (NDSL), 학술연구정보서비스 (RISS) 의 6개데이터베이스를대상으로 2005년부터 2014년 12월까지발표된논문을 online 으로검색하였다. Fig. 1. Distribution of paper published classified by years. 90 J Korean Med Rehab 2015;25(2):89-96

3 최근 10 년간교통사고환자의추나치료에대한국내연구동향 Fig. 2. The number of the theses sorted by the published journals. Fig. 3. The percentage of the theses sorted by the types of study. 2. 발표학술지별분류논문이발표된학술지별로분류해보면척추신경추나의학회지가 6편 (35.3%), 한방재활의학과학회지가 5편 (29.4%) 이었으며, 대한침구의학회지 3편 (17.6%), 대전대학교한의학연구소논문집이 2편 (11.8%), 대한스포츠한의학회지에 1편 (5.9%) 이게재되었다 (Fig. 2). 3. 논문형태별분류논문을형태별로분류해보면, 사례군연구 (case series) 2편 (11.8%), 비무작위대조군연구 (non randomized controlled trial-nrct) 가 2편 (11.8%), 무작위대조군연구 (randomized controlled trial-rct) 가 13편 (76.4%) 으로조사되었다 (Fig. 3). Fig. 4. The percentage of the theses according to symptoms. 4. 증례수및피험자수에따른분류조사된 17편의논문모두임상연구논문인바, 증례수및피험자수에따른분류를하였다. 2편의사례군연구에서는증례수가각각 3례, 8례로조사되었다. 또한 15편의무작위, 비무작위대조군연구의총피험자수를분석한결과 10~19 례논문이 1편, 20~29 례논문이 6편 (35.3%), 30~39 례논문이 3편 (17.6%), 60~69 례논문이 2편 (11.8%), 80~89례논문이 3편 (17.6%) 으로조사되었다. 5. 질환및증상에따른분류질환및증상에따라분류해보면, 통증부위에대해별다른언급이없는논문이 2편 (11.8%) 이었고, 이외의논문은단일통증부위에관한논문이었다. 단일질환및증상으로는경추성두통을포함한경항통및경추염좌가 12편 (70.6%), 요추염좌를포함한요통이 3편 (17.6%) 으 91

4 전용태 박상훈 한국인 이정한 고연석 Fig. 5. Distribution according to the measurements. 로조사되었다 (Fig. 4). 6. 평가방법에따른분류임상연구논문 17편의치료평가방법에대해살펴본결과, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) 가 17회 (39.5%), Neck Disability Index (NDI) 가 8회 (18.6%), Pain Disability Index (PDI) 가 5회 (11.6%), Short-Form Mcgill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ) 가 3회 (7.0%), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) 와 HRV 측정기와 Range of Motion (ROM) 이각각 2회 (4.7%), Pressure pain thresholds (Algometer로측정 ) 와 Pain Rating Score (PRS) 와 State-trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) 및 Patient s Subjective Symptom Grade (PSSG) 가각각 1회사용된것으로조사되었다 (Fig. 5). 7. 연구윤리에따른분류연구윤리와관련하여조사해본결과, 피시험자의권리와안전을위해연구및치료에대해충분히설명하고동의를구하거나임상연구윤리위원회 (Institutional Review Board, IRB) 의승인여부에대해별다른언급이없는논문이 13편 (76.5%) 으로대다수를차지했다. 이외에연구에대해구두로설명한후환자에게동의를얻은경우가 3편 (17.6%), 연구에대해충분히설명하고동의서를얻은경우가 1편으로조사되었지만 17편의논문모두 IRB 승인을받지못했다. 고찰»»» 산업이발달하면서교통량이증가하고이로인해교통사고도늘어나고있다. 우리나라의경우꾸준한교통사고예방활동및국민들의법규준수의식향상으로사망자감소추세는이어가고있으나 2) 여전히교통사고발생률이주요선진국에비해 2~3배높은수준이며, 사고로인한사망률보다는경상자가차지하는비율이증가하면서교통사고로인한후유증의관리가새로운의료문제로부각되고있다 7). 이러한경상환자들은양방검사상정상소견을보이는경우가대부분이라의료진들도진통소염제, 물리치료외엔별다른처치방법을제시하지못하고있어최근많은교통사고환자들은지속적인통증등의신체적문제를해결하기위해한방치료를찾고있는추세이다 5). 자동차손해배상보장법개정이후교통사고에대한한방자동차보험적용이가능해졌고외과적치료가필요치않은환자군에서침치료, 한약치료, 추나치료등한방의료에대한만족도가높아한방병원에내원하는교통사고환자가증가하고있는실정이다 3-4). 이중추나요법은한의사가손또는신체의일부분이나추나테이블등기타보조기구를이용하여환자의신체구조에유효한자극을가하여구조나기능상의문제를치료하는한방수기요법으로 8), 교통사고환자의치료와재활에효과적인역할을할수있다고알려져있다 9). 이에교통사고환자의추나치료에대한최근 10년간의국내연구동향을살펴보기위해, 국내검색포털과한의학 92 J Korean Med Rehab 2015;25(2):89-96

5 최근 10 년간교통사고환자의추나치료에대한국내연구동향 학술지를통하여 2005년부터 2014년 12월까지발표된 17 편의논문을검색하고분류하여문헌적고찰을시행하였다. 발표년도별로분류해보면 2006 년과 2007 년에각각 1편, 2009년에 4편, 2010년에 1편, 2011년에 5편, 2012년에 4편, 2013년에 1편의논문이발표되어 2010년이후교통사고환자의추나치료에관한연구가증가했음을알수있다. 발표학술지별로분류해보면척추신경추나의학회지가 6편 (35.3%) 으로가장많았고, 한방재활의학과학회지가 5 편 (29.4%) 이었으며, 대한침구의학회지 3편 (17.6%), 대전대학교한의학연구소논문집이 2편 (11.8%), 대한스포츠한의학회지에 1편 (5.9%) 이게재되었다. 추나치료를중재법으로사용한대조군연구가대다수를차지하였으나, 우등 10), 김등 11), 이등 12), 이등 13) 의논문에서는교통사고환자에대한추나치료와약침치료효과의비교에관한대조군연구를시행하였다. 이를보았을때교통사고후유증을추나요법을중심으로치료하기도하지만재활치료와약침치료등을병행하는학술지의비중이높았음을볼수있었다. 17편의논문을형태별로분류해보면, 사례군연구 (case series) 2편 (11.8%), 비무작위대조군연구 (NRCT) 가 2편 (11.8%), 무작위대조군연구 (RCT) 가 13편 (76.4%) 으로조사되어대조군연구의비중이높은것을볼수있었다. 비무작위대조군연구는 2010년이전논문이었으며, 2010 년이후에는사례군연구가 1편이고이외에는모두무작위대조군연구였다. 그러나무작위대조군연구 13편중구체적인무작위배정방법이언급되지않거나, 올바른배정방법을사용하지않고임의배정한논문이 9편이였다. 무작위배정순서생성을보고한논문은 4편이었으며, 모두블록무작위배정 (blocked randomization) 을시행하였다. 또한모든논문이맹검여부가언급되지않았거나, 언급되었더라도올바른맹검을시행하지못한것을볼때임상연구를진행함에있어방법론적인식의개선이요구되었다. 증례수및피험자수에따라분류한결과, 사례군연구에서는증례수가각각 3례, 8례로조사되었다. 또한 15편의무작위, 비무작위대조군연구의총피험자수를분석한결과 10~19 례논문이 1편, 20~29 례논문이 6편 (35.3%), 30~39례논문이 3편 (17.6%), 60~69례논문이 2 편 (11.8%), 80~89례논문이 3편 (17.6%) 으로조사되어연구에있어서충분한표본수모집이필요할것으로사료되 었다. 조사된 17편의임상연구논문을질환및증상에따라분류했을때통증부위에대해별다른언급이없는논문이 2편 (11.8%) 이었고, 이외의논문은단일통증부위에관한논문이었다. 단일질환및증상으로는경추성두통을포함한경항통및경추염좌가 12편 (70.6%), 요추염좌를포함한요통이 3편 (17.6%) 으로조사되어추나치료를받는교통사고환자는경항통이많은비중을차지함을알수있었다. 이는교통사고에의한충격에너지가탑승자의목에전달되어발생된상해에의한임상적인증상을나타내는교통사고상해증후군 (WAD) 의범주에경추급가속 / 급감속증후군이있고 8), 후방추돌이많은교통사고의특성상경추부의편타손상에의해경추염좌가자주발생한다는신등 14) 의연구에도의거해서도관련성이있다고사료되었다. 평가방법에따라분류해보면, VAS가 17회 (39.5%) 사용되어모든논문에서공통적으로사용된것을볼수있었다. 이외에 NDI가 8회 (18.6%), PDI가 5회 (11.6%), SF- MPQ가 3회 (7.0%), ODI와 HRV 측정기와 ROM이각각 2 회 (4.7%), Pressure pain thresholds와 PRS와 STA) 및 PSSG가각각 1회사용된것으로조사되었다. 이를통해논문에서사용한평가방법및척도가피험자및환자의주관적평가나의견이개입되는평가지수가대부분을차지함을볼수있으며, 향후객관적인평가방법을통해논문의질적개선이필요할것으로보였다. 연구윤리측면에서, 조사된임상연구논문 17편에서 IRB 기준에의거하여연구를진행한논문은없었고, 연구에대해구두로설명한후환자에게동의를얻은경우가 3편 (17.6%), 연구에대해충분히설명하고동의서를얻은경우는김등 11) 의논문 1편뿐이었다. 이는연구윤리에있어한의학계의논문의질적향상을위해개선해나가야것으로생각된다. 연구를진행하면서용어와치료의특성상추나치료의범주를설정함에있어모호성이다소존재하였는데, 교통사고환자에대한도인교정운동프로그램치료에관한논문 15) 이나 S.O.T block 치료에관한논문 16) 을추나치료의영역에포함할것인지에대한어려움등이있었다. 그리고국내연구만으로제한을두어해외의교통사고환자에대한정골요법이나카이로프랙틱등추나치료와연관된치료에관한연구를고려하지않았다는점은본연구의 93

6 전용태 박상훈 한국인 이정한 고연석 한계점으로여겨졌다. 또한본연구는포함및배제기준에따른주제선정, 비뚤림위험평가, 연구과정합성등의방법론없이문헌검색에한정되어시행되었다는점에서추후체계적인문헌고찰의필요성이요구되었다. 본연구를통해최근 10년간교통사고환자의추나치료에대한국내연구동향을살펴볼때, 2010년이후보다활발한논문연구가이루어지고있으나모든연구가임상연구에한정되어있다는점, 그리고연구의질적측면이나방법론적측면에서보완, 개선해야할부분이있음을알수있었다. 총 17편의임상연구논문중에서 RCT 연구가 13편으로많은비중을차지하고있으나일정한배정방법을사용한논문이 4편에불과하였고, 올바른맹검을시행한논문은없었다. 이를통해체계적인설계가이루어진임상연구가필요함을알수있었다. 또한사례군연구나대조군연구에있어충분한표본수를확보하여논문의질향상을도모해야하고, 논문의평가지수및척도를보다객관적인수치로검증해야할것으로보였다. 마지막으로임상연구논문 17편에서 IRB 승인을받고그기준에의거하여연구를진행한논문이전무했다는점에서논문의연구윤리와관련하여개선이이루어져야할것으로사료된다. 이를바탕으로교통사고환자에대한추나치료의연구설계및진행이긍정적인방향으로나아가야할것으로보인다. 결론»»» 교통사고후유증환자의추나치료에대한최근 10개년간국내연구동향을살펴보기위해, 국내검색포털과한의학학술지를통하여 2005년부터 2014년 12월까지발표된 17편의논문을검색하고분류하여문헌적고찰을시행하였다. 발표년도별로는 2010년이후 11편 (64.7%) 이발표되어많은비중을차지했고, 학술지별분포를살펴보면 17편중 11편 (64.7%) 이척추신경추나의학회지, 한방재활의학과학회지에발표되었음을알수있었다. 발표된논문은모두임상연구논문이었으며, 이중 case series 는 2편 (11.8%), NRCT) 가 2편 (11.8%), RCT가 13편 (76.4%) 으로조사되었다. 사례군연구 2편에서증례수는각각 3례, 8 례였으며대조군연구에서는 20~29례논문이 6편 (35.3%) 으로가장많았다. 질환및증상에따라분류했을때통 증부위에대해별다른언급이없는논문이 2편 (11.8%) 이었고, 이외의논문은단일통증부위로이중경항통및경추염좌가 12편 (70.6%) 으로가장높은비중을차지했다. 연구내평가방법및척도는 VAS가 17회 (39.5%) 로최다빈도를보였다. 연구윤리와관련하여조사에서피시험자의권리와안전을위해연구및치료에대해충분히설명하고동의를구하거나 IRB의승인여부에대해별다른언급이없는논문이 13편 (76.5%) 으로대다수를차지했고, IRB 승인을받고기준에의거하여연구를진행한논문은없었다. References»»» 1. 한방재활의학과학회. 한방재활의학제 3 판. 서울 : 군자출판사. 2011:204-5, do?idx_cd=1614. 국정통계정보시스템제공. 연도별교통사고발생현황, 통계표, 분석자료. 3. 국가기록원. 자동차손해배상보장법시행령개정령안 박서영, 이운규, 김재수, 임성철, 이봉효, 정태영, 하일도, 한상원, 이경민. 교통사고환자 544 례를통한한방자동차보험의실태에관한조사. 대한침구학회지. 2009;26(3): 조성우, 강연경, 장동호, 이인선. 교통사고환자에대한진단및치료의경향성연구 - 국내에서발표된학위지및학술논문을중심으로 -. 척추신경추나의학회지. 2009;4(2): 최영일, 김민영, 최희승, 정윤규, 노해린, 김세준, 신동재. 최근 5 년간교통사고후유증의한의학적치료에대한국내연구동향. 척추신경추나의학회지. 2013;8(1): 홍선필, 정신교. 교통사고에있어서법적용에관한소고. 교통안전연구논문집. 2002; 21: 척추신경추나의학회편저. 추나의학제 2 판. 서울 : 척추신경추나의학회. 2014:4, 허수영, 지재동, 성익재, 김규섭, 이승우, 김현석, 김재영, 권오곤. 자동차사고로발생한경항통환자의추나요법의효과에대한임상적연구. 척추신경추나의학회지. 2013; 8(1): 우재혁, 한경완, 김은석, 이슬지, 이준석, 남지환, 김기원, 이민정, 유인식. 교통사고로발생한경항통환자에대한추나요법병행치료군과중성어혈약침병행치료군의비교연구. 대한침구학회지. 2011;28(5): 김준수, 이재훈, 양기영, 김정원, 노해린, 정윤규, 한상엽, 황은미. 교통사고후요통을호소하는환자에대한약침과추나의치료효과비교연구. 척추신경추나의학회지. 2011; 6(2): 이재훈, 김준수, 양기영, 한상엽, 이차로, 신홍균. 교통사고후발생한경항통에대한약침과추나의비교효과연구. 94 J Korean Med Rehab 2015;25(2):89-96

7 최근 10 년간교통사고환자의추나치료에대한국내연구동향 한방재활의학과학회지. 2012;22(1): 이준석, 이슬지, 남지환, 김기원, 이민정, 임수진, 전재윤, 송주현. 교통사고후경항통발생환자중약침치료군, 추나치료군, 추나약침병행치료군비교연구. 대한침구의학회지. 2012;29(5): 신재화, 오민석. 교통사고로한방병원에입원한환자 1,162 명에대한후향적분석. 한방재활의학과학회. 2013;23(4): 이은정, 박인선, 오민석. 급성염좌환자에대한도인교정운동프로그램치료의효과 - 교통사고에의한급성염좌환자를중심으로 -. 한방재활의학과학회지. 2011;21(4) 유길성, 오민석. 교통사고환자를대상으로한 S.O.T block 의치료효과. 대전대학교한의학연구소논문집. 2011; 20(1):

8 전용태 박상훈 한국인 이정한 고연석 Appendix. Published Year, Subject, Title of Journal Published Year Subject Title of journal 2006 Clinical Studies for Chuna Treatment (Manipulation) on Cervical Sprain Caused by Traffic Accidents Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation 2007 The Clinical Studies for Chuna Treatment on Patients of Neck Pain Caused by Traffic Accidents Journal of Korean Acupuncture & Moxibustion Society 2009 The Clinical Studies for Muscle Energy Techniques on Pateints with Nuchal pain Caused by Traffic Accidents Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation 2009 The Clinical Studies for the Effects of MyoFascial Releasement on Patients with Nuchal pain Caused by Traffic Accidents 2009 Effect of Chuna Treatment (Manipulation) on Cervical Sprain Caused by Traffic Accident in Early Stage 2009 Effect of Chuna Treatment (Manipulation) on Lumbar Sprain Caused by Traffic Accident in Early Stage 2010 Effect of Chuna Treatment (Manipulation) on Lumbar Sprain Caused by Traffic Accident 2011 Effect of Treatment with S.O.T Block on Musculoskeletal Pain Caused by Journal of Daejeon Korean Traffic Accident Medicine 2011 A Clinical Study Comparing the Effects of Chuna Treatment and Ouhyul Herbal Acupuncture on the Patients with Cervical Pain Caused by Traffic Accidents Journal of Korean Acupuncture & Moxibustion Society 2011 Effects of the Daoyin and Corrective Exercise Program on Musculoskeletal Pain -Based on the Acute Sprain Patients due to Traffic Accidents- Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation 2011 Effect of Chuna Manipulation on Cervical Sprain Caused by Traffic Accident Journal of Korean Sports Medicine 2011 The Comparative Study on the Effect of Pharmacopuncture Treatment and Chuna Treatment for Low Back Pain Caused by Traffic Accidents 2012 The Comparative Study on the Effect of Pharmacopuncture Treatment and Chuna Treatment for Neck Pain Caused by Traffic Accidents Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation 2012 A Clinical Study for the Effects of Muscle Energy Techniques on Pateints with Journal of Daejeon Korean Whiplash Injury Caused by Traffic Accidents Medicine 2012 The Clinical Study for Chuna Treatment on Patients with Cervicogenic Journal of Korean Medicine Re- Headache Caused by Traffic Accidents 2012 The Comparative Study on the Effect of Pharmacopuncture Treatment, Chuna Treatment, Pharmacopuncture-Chuna Cooperative Treatment for Neck Pain Caused by Traffic Accidents 2013 A Clinical Study on Chuna Treatment for Neck Pain Patients Caused by Traffic Accident habilitation Journal of Korean Acupuncture & Moxibustion Society 96 J Korean Med Rehab 2015;25(2):89-96

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