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1 online ML Comm DOI /kjorl-hns 개방동유양돌기절제술후시행한외이도후벽재건술과유양동폐쇄술 왈레스기념침례병원이비인후과, 1 동아대학교의과대학이비인후과학교실 2 한치성 1 김현범 1 박종률 1 정을현 1 오재규 1 이원용 1 김종애 1 안중기 2 구태우 2 강명구 2 Reconstruction of the Posterior Canal Wall with Mastoid Obliteration after Canal Wall Down Mastoidectomy Chi-Sung Han, MD 1, Hyun-Beom Kim, MD 1, Jong-Ryul Park, MD 1, Eul-Hyun Jeong, MD 1, Jae-Gyu Oh, MD 1, Won-Yong Lee, MD 1, Chong-Ae Kim, MD 1, Joong-Ki Ahn, MD 2, Tae-Woo Gu, MD 2 and Myung-Koo Kang, MD 2 1 Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Wallace Memorial Baptist Hospital, Busan; and 2 Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea ABSTRACT Background and Objectives:There have been heated controversies over the choice of the canal wall down mastoidectomy (CWD) and canal wall up mastoidectomy (CWU), which are operational methods used to eliminate the lesion of cholesteatoma. Combining the advantages of both methods, we reconstructed the posterior canal wall with conchal cartilage plate and obliterated mastoid cavity with bone chips (group I), or hydroxyapatite mixed with bone chips (group II) since This study was designed to evaluate the surgical outcomes of posterior canal wall reconstruction with mastoid obliteration in the treatment of cholesteatoma. Subjects and Method:From January of 2001 to March of 2007, the posterior canal wall reconstruction with mastoid obliteration was conducted on 66 patients. There were 30 cases of cholesteatoma and 36 cases of old radical cavity. The postoperative observation period ranged from 5 to 74 months, with the average period of 34.7 months. We analyzed the postoperative complications, and hearing results of the 33 ossicular reconstruction cases. Results:There was 1 case of residual cholesteatoma in the middle ear cavity, but no recurrent cholesteatoma. In most cases, reconstructed canal wall was maintained well, but partial canal wall resorption and postauricular dimpling occurred in 5 cases of group I. On the other hand, the epithelization of posterior canal wall was incomplete in 4 cases of group II. After surgery, no patients complained any cavity problems at all. Conclusion:The present study suggests that this procedure can prevent cavity problems and reduce the recurrence of cholesteatoma with destructed canal wall. () KEY WORDS:Cholesteatoma Canal wall reconstruction Mastoid obliteration Bone chip Hydroxyapatite. 서 론 진주종의수술적치료에서외이도후벽의보존여부에관하여여전히많은논란이있다. 개방공동술식 (CWD) 은수술시야확보와병변제거가용이하나공동문제, 반규관 논문접수일 :2007 년 8 월 13 일 / 심사완료일 :2007 년 10 월 2 일교신저자 : 김현범, 부산광역시금정구남산동 왈레스기념침례병원이비인후과전화 :(051) 전송 :(051) curesaint@hanmail.net 자극에의한어지러움, 보청기착용제한등의문제점이있으며, 폐쇄공동술식 (CWU) 은완전한병변제거의어려움, 술후함몰낭발생으로인한재발가능성이단점으로알려져있다. 과거저자들은 CWU과 CWD의단점을보완한술식인상고실성형술과유양동폐쇄술을고안하여양호한장기추적관찰결과를발표한바있으나, 진주종에의해외이도후벽이파괴되었거나과거 CWD를시행받은경우에는이러한술식을적용할수없었다. 1,2) 최근저자들은이러한환자를대상으로외이도후벽재건술과유양동폐쇄술의임 33
2 자가연골을이용한외이도후벽재건술과유양동폐쇄술 상적유용성을알아보고, 유양동폐쇄에사용된물질에따른술후관찰결과를비교하고자하였다. 대상및방법 대상 2001년 2월부터 2007년 3월까지동아대학교병원과왈레스기념침례병원이비인후과에서진주종성중이염혹은이전의수술로인해외이도후벽이파괴된환자 66예를대상으로외이도후벽의재건및유양동폐쇄술을시행하였다. 환자의평균연령은 4세에서 89세까지로평균 42.2 세였고, 성별분포는남자가 29예, 여자가 37예였다. 술후추적관찰기간은 5개월에서 74개월까지로평균 34.7개월이었으며, 1년미만 17예, 1~2년 17예, 2~3년 10예, 3~4년 4예, 4~5년 6예, 5~6년 12예였다. 전체 66예중에서 30예는처음수술한경우로모두진주종성중이염이었으며, 36예는재수술로이전의 CWU 후진주종이재발한 6예와 CWD 후공동문제가생긴 30예였다. 수술전모든환자에서이학적검사, 청력검사, 측두골컴퓨터단층촬영등을시행하였으며두개내합병증이나악성종양이의심되는경우는제외하였다. 방법전신마취하에후이개절개술을시행한후측두근막을가 능한한크게얻는다. Koerner 피판과하방기저근골막피판 (inferior based musculoperiosteal flap) 을준비하고, 고삭신경을가능한한보존하면서고실외이도피판을만든다. 측두골의유양동부를위로는측두선 (linea temporalis) 상부까지, 앞으로는협골궁근 (zygomatic arch root) 까지노출시킨다. 감염된함기세포가없는측두골피질 (mastoid cortex) 에서끌 (chisel) 을이용하여피질골을채취한후 Bone rondger로분쇄하여골편을준비한다. 또한이개의변형이생기지않도록주의하면서이개강 (cymba conchae) 과이개정 (cavum conchae) 의오목한부분만을가능한한크게채취하여외이도연골부가포함되도록연골을얻음으로써외이도가넓어지도록하였고, 필요한만큼외이도성형술 (meatoplasty) 을시행하였다. CWD를시행하여진주종을포함한모든병변을제거하고안면신경릉 (facial ridge) 을충분히낮춘후다이아몬드천공기를사용하여부드러운공동을만든다. 상고실절제술 (epitympanectomy) 을시행하여고실개 (tegmen tympani) 와이관상와 (supratubal recess) 를포함한상고실부전체를노출시킨다 (Fig. 1A). 대개이소골은진주종에의해부분적으로미란되어있어추골두부와침골을제거하면서중이강내의병변을제거한다. 채취한이갑개연골을외이도후벽의모양을고려하여재단한후안면신경의수직분절에평행하게위치시키고 (Fig. 1B), 상고실과유돌동내미로주변을남은연골편으로채운다음 A B C D E F Fig. 1. Intraoperative photographs of posterior canal wall reconstruction with mastoid obliteration. A:After canal wall down mastoidectomy and epitympanectomy. B:Posterior canal wall was reconstructed with conchal cartilage plate. C:Antrum and epitympanum were filled with cartilage chips. D:Remained mastoid cavity was filled with bone chips (group Ⅰ). E:Filled with bone chips and hydroxyapatite (group Ⅱ). F:Reconstructed posterior canal wall and obliterated mastoid cavity were covered with inferior based musculoperiosteal flap. 34
3 한치성외 (Fig. 1C) 나머지유양동을피질골편으로폐쇄한다 (Fig. 1D). 결국재건된외이도후벽은연골편과골편에의해앞과뒤로지지된다 (Ⅰ군). 과거의수술로공동이형성된경우가운데유난히피질골편이부족하였던 7예에서는인공합성물질인 HA(Mimix, Biomet) 를이용하였다 (Ⅱ군 ) (Fig. 1E). 나머지부분은하방기저근골막피판을이용하여유양동과상고실부를폐쇄하였다 (Fig. 1F). 그러나재수술시근골막피판이없거나위축된경우에는사용할수없었다. 수술직후안면신경마비, 감각신경성난청, 안진여부등을확인하였다. A B Fig. 2. Preoperative (A) and 18 months postoperative (B) temporal bone CT images (group Ⅰ). It shows the reconstructed posterior canal wall in a favorable condition (white arrow). Soft tissue density in antrum corresponds to cartilage chips (arrow) and bone density particles in obliterated mastoid cavity to bone chips (arrow head). A B Fig. 3. Preoperative (A) and 12 months postoperative (B) temporal bone CT images (group Ⅱ). It shows the reconstructed posterior canal wall (white arrow) and obliterated mastoid cavity with bone chips and hydroxyapatite (arrow head). Ossiculoplasty was performed using partial ossicular replacement prosthesis made of hydroxyapatite (arrow). 35
4 자가연골을이용한외이도후벽재건술과유양동폐쇄술 술후진료 모든환자들은술후 7~10일간입원치료후퇴원하였다. 술후 3주째외이도의 gelfoam 을제거하고 6주후와 3개월후청력검사를시행하였다. 11예에서는측두골단층촬영을시행하여중이강의환기상태, 외이도후벽과폐쇄된유양동의상태를관찰하였다 (Figs. 2 and 3). 외래통원치료중양안현미경을이용하여잔존또는재발성진주종, 새로이식된고막의함몰, 이식물의탈출, 외이도의상피화상태, 후이개부위의함몰, 감염, 이루등의합병증여부를관찰하였다. 청력결과는이소골성형술을시행하였던 35예중술후 6개월이상경과한 33예의순음청력검사를대상으로 500, 1000, 2000 및 3000 Hz의평균골도기도청력차이 (Air- Bone Gap;ABG) 를분석하였다. 이중부분이소골대치 (partial ossicular replacement) 가 13예, 전이소골대치 (total ossicular replacement) 가 16예, short columellization 이 3예, long columellization 이 1예였다 (Table 1). 성공적인청력결과의기준은대한이과학회의청력결과보고지침에따라분석하였다. 즉, 술후 ABG이 20 db 미만인경우, 수술전후의기도청력의차이가 15 db가넘는경우, 또는술후기도청력이 30 db 미만인경우중에하나이상의기준을통과하는환자의수를전체이소골성형술을시행받은환자의수에대한백분율로구하였다. 통계처리는 paired t-test를이용하였으며 p값이 0.05 이하일때의미있는것으로간주하였다. 결 과 외이도후벽재건술및유양동폐쇄술을받은대부분의환자에서진주종은상고실과중고실및유양동을침범하는광범위한병변으로외이도후벽이파괴되어있었다. 모든대상환자 66예가운데 42예 (63.6%) 에서발살바법음성이었다. 술후합병증은 21예 (31.8%) 에서나타났으며 (Table 2), 그중 1예 (1.5%) 에서중이강내잔존성진주종이관 Table 1. Ossicular reconstruction Type Cases (%) PORP 13 (39.4%) TORP 16 (48.5%) Short columellization 03 (09.1%) Long columellization 01 (03.0%) Total 33 TORP:total ossicular replacement prosthesis, PORP:partial ossicular replacement prosthesis 찰되어국소마취하에이차수술로완전히제거하였고이후추적관찰기간동안재발은없었다. 그러나재발성진주종은모든예에서관찰되지않았다. 술후고막함몰혹은유착이 2예있었으며, 이루를동반하지않은고막천공이 3예, 이식물의탈출이 3예있었다. 골편으로유양동을폐쇄한 Ⅰ군은 59예였고 HA로폐쇄한 Ⅱ군은 7예밖에되지않아두군의합병증을직접비교하지는않았으나술후외이도후벽의상피화기간과외이도의형태는관찰하여비교하였다. 외이도후벽의상피화기간은 Ⅰ군에서평균 10.3 주였으나, Ⅱ군에서 3예는평균 16.7 주였고나머지 4예는상피화결손부위가지속되어 II군은모두상피화가지연되거나불완전하였다. 전반적으로외이도의형태가잘유지되었지만 (Fig. 4) 일부에서는부분적인외이도의흡수를보였는데, 그중 5 예에서는외이도의후방함몰이뚜렷하였고이는모두 Ⅰ 군이었으며후이개부함몰을동반하였다. 그러나공동문제는없었다. 그외에 1군에서후이개절개부위감염이 1예, Ⅱ군에서육아종성조직의증식으로인한이루가 2예있었으나모두외래치료로호전되었다. 이소골성형술을시행한 35예중 6개월이경과한 33예에서청력개선결과를분석하였다 (Table 3). 1차수술시동시에시행한경우가 31예, 2차수술시시행한경우가 2예였다. 평균수술전 ABG은 36.6±12.39 db이었고, 수술후 ABG은 26.2±12.83 db이었으며, 술후청력개선정도는 10.4±12.1 db로나타났으며이는통계적으로유의하였다 (p=0.000). 수술후 ABG은 20 db 미만이 12 예 (36.4%), 수술전후의기도청력차이가 15 db 이상은 12예 (36.4%), 그리고수술후기도청력이 30 db 미만은 6예 (18.2%) 로성공적인술후청력결과는 18예 (54.5%) 에서달성하였다. Table 2. Postoperative problems in posterior canal wall reconstruction with mastoid obliteration technique Cases (%) Residual cholesteatoma 01 (01.5%) Recurrent cholesteatoma 00 (0.50%) TM retraction/adhesion 02 (03.0%) TM dry perforation 03 (04.5%) Material extrusion 03 (04.5%) Incomplete epithelization of PCW 04 (06.1%) PCW resorption and postauricular dimpling 05 (07.6%) Postauricular infection 01 (01.5%) Otorrhea 02 (03.0%) Total 21 (31.8%) TM:tympanic membrane, PCW:posterior canal wall 36
5 한치성외 Fig. 4. Postoperative tympanic membrane findings 12 months after surgery. The shapes of postoperative eardrum and canal are various and they depend on the bulk of cartilage chips and the resorption rates. The photos show well-reconstructed posterior canal wall and epitympanum. Table 3. Postoperative changes of air-bone gap in the ossicular reconstruction cases Postop. ABG (db HL) 고 찰 Cases < < < Total 33 Postop. ABG:postoperative air-bone gap 이상적인진주종수술방법은진주종을완전히제거하면서재발을방지하고, 소리가잘전달되는함기화된중이강과자가정화기능 (self-cleaning) 을갖춘외이도를재건하는것이다. 진주종수술은환자개개인의병변위치와범위, 유양동의크기와함기화정도, 정상적인해부학적구조의파괴와청력소실정도등여러변수에따라다양한방법들이적용되어왔다. CWD은외이도후벽을제거하여상고실과중고실전체의수술시야를확보함으로써병변을제거할수있으므로재발률을감소시킬수있었으나, 정상적인외이도후벽의제거로인한이구의자연배출장애와반복감염으로인한이루, 이로인한정기적인이비인후과치료의필요성, 반규관노출로인한어지러움, 보청기착용제한등의문제로 인하여환자의삶의질을저하시킨다 년 Jansen 은 CWD의이러한단점을해결하기위해 combined approach technique을소개하였으나, 3) 잔존및재발성진주종 (recidivism) 이문제가되었다. Sheehy 등은재발성진주종을방지하기위해 2차수술, 중이강내실리콘삽입, 외이도결손부위의재건, 이관기능부전시환기관삽입을권장하였고, 4) Sanna 역시유사한방법으로재발성진주종의발생을 1.07% 까지낮추었다고보고하였다. 5) 그러나 Sade 등에따르면진주종성중이염에서 CWU 을시행한 100예에서평균 5.74 년의장기추적관찰결과이관기능부전으로인한함몰낭의재형성이빈번하여실패율이 62% 에이르렀다고보고하였는데, 상고실부나외이도후벽의골결손부위를재건하더라도재발을방지할수없었고, 술자의실력과는무관하다고하였다. 6) 따라서저자들은상고실에국한된작은진주종이거나 scutum 을비롯한주위골파괴가심하지않고, 유양동이잘함기화되어있으며이관기능이양호한경우에만 CWU 혹은 CWU과 scutoplasty 를시행하였다. 반면에진주종이유돌동을침범하면서 scutum 과주변골파괴가심한경우, 경화형유양동의경우, 이관기능이불량한경우, CWU과 CWD 의단점을보완하고장점을취한상고실성형술과유양동폐쇄술을시행하였으며평균 38개월간장기추적관찰한 283 예중잔존성진주종은 15예 (5.3%) 였으나재발성진주종 37
6 자가연골을이용한외이도후벽재건술과유양동폐쇄술 은발견되지않는양호한결과를얻었다. 2) 상고실성형술과유양동폐쇄술은외이도후벽을후방으로확장하여고실동일부까지노출이가능하였으며 CWU 시노출이제한되었던부위의진주종을제거하기용이하여잔존성진주종의발생을줄일수있었다. 또한상고실과유양동폐쇄를통해술후중이강이중고실과하고실만남으므로, 이관기능의부전이동반된경우에도이관의환기부담을줄이고함몰낭의형성을방지할수있었을뿐아니라, 외이도후벽을보존함으로술후공동문제를해결할수있었다. 1) 그러나이러한술식은진주종에의해외이도후벽이파괴된경우나과거 CWD를시행받은경우에는적용될수없었기에외이도후벽재건술을시도하였다. 외이도후벽재건만을시행한보고들을살펴보면, Zanetti 등은외이도후벽이파괴된 42예의만성중이염과진주종성중이염환자에서 HA sheet를이용하여외이도후벽을재건하였으며, 최소 2년이상의추적결과 37예 (88%) 에서안정적인외이도모양이유지되었으나 7예에서 HA sheet 의탈출을보였는데이는술전이루의여부와관련이있었다고보고하였다. 7) 국내에서도 Cho 등은 31예의진주종성중이염환자에서실리콘을이용한외이도재건술을시행하여평균 14개월간의추적관찰중 30예에서정상적인외이도가유지되었다고보고했으나, 환자군이적고추적관찰기간이짧으며, 향후실리콘을제거해야할수도있다. 8) Ikeda 등은중이진주종을가진 103 명의환자에서 CWD 후자가이개연골을이용한외이도후벽재건술을시행하여평균 2년간의추적관찰중 10명에서상고실함몰낭에의한재발성진주종이발생하였으며, 6명에서재건된외이도후벽이함몰되었다고보고하였다. 또한술후 1년후에측두골전산화단층촬영을시행하여중이강, 상고실, 유양동을관찰하였는데, 유양동의재함기화가일어나지않은경우에는재발률이 21.3% 에달하지만유양동의재함기화가일어난경우에는재발성진주종이발생하지않았다고보고하였다. 9) 결국외이도후벽을재건하더라도이관기능부전이있을경우함몰낭의형성이증가할것으로추정된다. 또한중이내공기압은유양동점막의가스흡수율에의해서도영향을받는데, 유양동점막이병적인경우질소의흡수가증가되면서중이에음압이더욱형성되어, 고막의함몰을유발시킨다. 10) 따라서저자들은유양동의진주종을포함한모든병소와병적인점막을완전히제거하고, 외이도후벽을재건한후, 상고실과유돌동을자가이개연골편으로채워넣고남은유양동을골편이나 HA로막아이관기능부전이있는진 38 주종성중이염환자에서도재발성진주종의발생을구조적으로방지할수있는술식을사용하였다. 본연구에서외이도후벽의재건에자가이갑개연골을사용한것은생체내흡수율이낮아외이도후벽의유지에유리하고 11) 인공합성물질에비해외이도피부의혈관공급에유리하여육아조직발생감소및치료기간이단축될뿐만아니라, 2) 기술적으로쉽게이개에서얻을수있으며별도로외이도성형술을크게할필요가없기때문이다. 이와같이외이도후벽재건과유양동폐쇄를동시에시행한여러보고들을살펴보면, Mercke 는 57예의진주종성중이염에서후벽보존유양동절제술후외이도후벽을 microsagittal saw를이용하여원형대로절제하여보존한다음진주종을모두제거한뒤다시외이도후벽을재건하고 Palva 의근피판과피질골편및골분으로유양동과확장된상고실부를폐쇄하였다. 1년후이차수술에서확인시재발은없었고, 잔존성진주종이 5.3% 로과거의술식 (combined approach technique) 에비해낮았다고보고하였다. 12) Gantz 등도 130예의진주종성중이염환자에서이러한방법을응용하여 98.5% 의높은치료성공률과 2예의진주종재발, 10예의잔존성진주종, 1예의외이도후벽의부분적흡수, 10예의고막함몰을보고하였다. 하지만이러한방법은실제응용에있어장시간이필요하고섬세한기술을요하며, 어느정도유양동이함기화된경우에는가능하지만경화형에서는후고실개방시에안면신경의손상에대한위험부담이따르고많은예에서안면신경와를확장시키는과정에서고삭신경을절단시키기쉽다. 또한 scutum 을유지함으로인해구조적으로상고실함몰낭의형성을막을수없으며일부에서관찰된얕은함몰 (safe retraction) 도장기간추적관찰후에는깊은함몰낭 (deep retraction pocket) 혹은재발성진주종으로발전할가능성이있다. 10) 그리고이전연구에서도보고된바와같이유양동폐쇄에사용된골분은감염에취약하며, 흡수율을예측하기가어려워외이도의형태유지가힘들다는단점이있다. 13) 국내연구에서도 Park 등에의해측두골피질골편이나골분을이용한외이도후벽재건및유양동폐쇄술이보고되었다. 피질골편은외이도후벽과유사한재질로수술시야에서쉽게얻을수있고제작이용이하며, 재질이치밀하여압박과감염에저항력이뛰어나술후 6개월까지외이도가잘유지되었다고하였다. 하지만술후합병증으로창상감염과피질골편의노출이일부에서있었고술후 1년뒤부터이식골편이서서히흡수되어외이도후벽의표면이불규칙해지고외이도가넓어지기시작해술후 2년뒤에는외이도가현저히넓어졌다고하였다. 14)
7 한치성외 Gyllencreutz 는 HA를이용하여외이도를재건하고유양동을 HA와골편의혼합물로폐쇄하였으며, 외이도만재건한군또는골편으로만유양동을채운군과비교하여외이도의형태가가장잘유지되었으나, 일부에서이식물의노출, 후이개루, 뇌농양등의합병증이있었다. 또한외이도만재건하고유양동을폐쇄하지않았던군에서는상고실부에고막함몰의가능성이있어외이도재건과동시에유양동폐쇄를권유하였다. 15) Estrem 등은세가지형태의 HA와근막또는동종경막을이용하여외이도후벽을재건하고유양동을폐쇄한결과 81% 에서외이도가잘유지되었으나일부에서육아종성조직의증식, 외이도협착, 외이도와창상을통한이식편의노출, 그리고진주종의재발등이있었고, 약 10% 에서고막의함몰이발생하였다고보고하였다. 그리고이식물의탈출을막기위해서는연부조직으로이식물을보호하는것이필요하다고하였다. 16) 앞서언급된자가생체물질들은보고에따라차이는있지만, 감염이나흡수로인한위축의문제가있는반면에인공합성물질들은장기간흡수되지않아외이도의형태유지에는유리하나, 혈관공급이취약하여이식후감염에약하고외이도상피화가지연되며상대적으로이식물탈출의빈도가높고가격이비싼단점이있다. 대표적인인공합성물질로널리사용되고있는 HA는골격구조를이루는주요무기질로, 인체뼈의약 70% 를구성하고있으며, 그구조는 Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 이다. 17) 초기에는 ceramic 형태의삽입물로사용되었으며, 중이수술에는 1980년 Grote 등이처음으로외이도후벽재건과이소골성형에사용하였다. 18) 그러나 HA 삽입물은 Burr 등을사용하여부분적인변형은가능하였으나다양한형태로수술에적용하는것은한계가있었다. 19) 이러한단점을보완한 cement 형태가개발되어사용되고있으며, 주요제품으로 Bone source, Mimix, Norian 이있고, 본연구에서는 Mimix (Biomet) 를사용하였다. Mimix 는 tetracalcium phosphate/α-calcium phosphate 와 sodium citrate dehydrate 혼합분말과, citric acid 용매제로구성되어있으며, 30~45 초이내에 paste 형태로완전히섞어최대 3~4분이내에원하는형태로조작하여야하고 4~6분경에경화된다. 19) Hydroxyapatite cement(hac) 는다공성으로내부로정상골조직이자라들어가융합되는특징이있으며, 2주이내에골세포 (osteocytes) 가발견되었고약 6개월후거의대부분정상뼈로대치되었다. HAC는조작및변형이쉽고, 생체적합성이뛰어나면서, 혈액내칼슘이나인수치 를증가시키지않는다는장점이있으나, 하중이나외력에약하며, 감염된부위에는사용할수없고가격이비싸다는단점이있다. 18) 본연구에서는술후재발또는잔존성진주종, 술후감염의빈도는타연구에비해낮게관찰되었다. I군에서는시간이지나면서일부에서자가조직의흡수로인해외이도후벽이후방으로전위되거나후이개부의피부함몰로인한미용상의문제점이있었다. 하지만그런경우에도모든예에서공동문제는관찰되지않았다. 한편 Ⅱ군에서는피질골편에비해흡수율이낮아서추적관찰기간동안외이도모양이비교적잘유지되며후이개부의피부함몰도거의보이지않는반면외이도의상피화가지연되거나불완전하였다. 이는 HA가인공이식물이므로자가조직에비해혈액공급에취약하기때문으로판단된다. 향후이두군의단점을보완하기위해서는 II군에서연부조직혹은근골막피판을충분히재단하여외이도를덮음으로써이식물의노출을줄이고외이도피판의생착력을높이거나, 19) 유양동의심부는 HA로채우고외이도후벽과후이개부피부에가까운부분은자가물질로폐쇄함으로써 HA의외부노출을줄이도록하는방법등이대안이될수있을것이다. 20) 현재이러한증례를모으고있으며, 향후지금까지의외이도후벽재건술과유양동폐쇄술증례들을장기적으로추적관찰후보완된술식과함께결과를비교분석하여보고할예정이다. 결 론 저자들은외이도후벽이파괴된진주종성중이염환자와이전의 CWD 술식으로인한공동문제가지속되는환자를대상으로외이도후벽재건술과유양동폐쇄술을시행하여술중넓은시야를통한병변제거가용이하였고술후안정적인외이도가유지되어공동문제를방지할수있었다. 이상의결과로이러한술식이 CWU과 CWD의장단점을보완할수있을것으로생각되며, 술후 Ⅰ군의외이도용적증가와 Ⅱ군의상피화지연의문제도수술방법의개선으로해결될것으로기대된다. 중심단어 : 진주종 외이도재건술 유양동폐쇄술 골편 Hydroxyapatite. REFERENCES 1) Kang MK, Han CS, Kim BM, Boo SH, Park HS, Hur J. Results of epitympanoplasty with mastoid obliteration technique. Korean J Otolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 2001;44(5): ) Kang MK, Park BG, Jang YS, Ahn JK, Bae WY. Epitympanoplasty 39
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