불교와사회 13 권 2 호 (2021), pp The Journal of Buddhism and Society Vol.13 No.2(2021), pp 자장관련연구의성과와

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "불교와사회 13 권 2 호 (2021), pp The Journal of Buddhism and Society Vol.13 No.2(2021), pp 자장관련연구의성과와"

우영 도
1 years ago
Views:

1 불교와사회 13 권 2 호 (2021), pp The Journal of Buddhism and Society Vol.13 No.2(2021), pp 자장관련연구의성과와과제 신선혜 * 목차 Ⅰ. 머리말 Ⅱ. 자장의생애와입당행적 Ⅲ. 자장의정치, 외교적역할 Ⅳ. 자장의사상과신앙경향 Ⅴ. 맺음말참고문헌 * 호남대학교교양학부조교수 37

2 불교와사회제 13 권 2 호 국문초록 ( ).,. - -, ( ) - -,, -.,.,,.,.,, ( ),.,. 38

3 자장관련연구의성과와과제,.,.,. 주제어 : 자장 ( 慈藏 ), 오대산 ( 五臺山 ), 계율 ( 戒律 ), 화엄 ( 華嚴 ), 계단 ( 戒壇 ), 수계 ( 受戒 ) Ⅰ. 머리말, ( ).,.,. ( ),, ( ) ( ), ( )-,. 39

4 불교와사회제 13 권 2 호 645 ( ) ( ), 668 ( ) ( ), 9 9 ( ) ( ). ( ), ( ),,. ( ) 1).,,,.,,,, ( ) ( ) ( ), ( ) ( ) ( ) 1). 1 1 ; 1 1 ; 3 3 ; 3 4 ; 3 4 ; 3 4 ; 3 4 ; 3 4 ; 3 4 ; 4 5 ;

5 자장관련연구의성과와과제. -,.,, ( )., ( ) 9 (, 1935).,. ( ) ( ). ( ) ( ). ( )..,. ( ),. 41

6 불교와사회제 13 권 2 호 Ⅱ. 자장의생애와입당행적 ( ) ( ).,. ( ) 80 2), ( ) 25, 3) (, ) 4) (, 2012: 16-24) (, 1992: 7-9), ( ( ), 2017: )., ( ) ( ) 50, (, ) (, 1965, 1980, 1983), ( ) 70 (, 1957, 1977: ) 2) ( 24 ). 3) ( ). 4) ( 64 ). 42

7 자장관련연구의성과와과제. 5) 650 ( ). 6) 649 ( ), 7),., (, 2012: 99). 80, 25 ( ) ( ) 8) (, 1983;, 1989)., 9) 5) (2012: 19) ( )(2017: ). 6) 㓛 ( 4 5 ). 7) 3. 8) (, 2007: 13), (, 2012: 83-84). 43

불교와사회제 13 권 2 호. 10) ( ), 8, 9 ( ) ( ) ( ) (, 1992: 252-253;, 2012: 79-80). ( ) ( ). 11) ( ) ( ) (, 2012: 80-81; ( ), 2015: 127),, ( ),.

8 불교와사회제 13 권 2 호. 10) ( ), 8, 9 ( ) ( ) ( ) (, 1992: ;, 2012: 79-80). ( ) ( ). 11) ( ) ( ) (, 2012: 80-81; ( ), 2015: 127),, ( ),. (, 1990: 7; ( ), 2015: 127).. (, 1992: 3; ( ), 2015: ). 9) ( 24 ); 䘮寕 ( 4 5 ); ( ). 10) ( ). 11) 㑹 ( 1 1 ). 44

9 자장관련연구의성과와과제. ( ) ( ). ( ). 12)., 13)... 14).,. 9 ( ),. 15) 12) 寕菒 ( 4 5 ). 13) ) 3 4 ; 3 4 ; 3 4 ; ) ( 4 5, 45

10 불교와사회제 13 권 2 호. ( ) (, 1957, 1958;, 1992). ( ), ( ) (, 1992;, 1997).. ( ) 80 ( 80 )., , 799 ( ) (, 1988, 1990: 27). 16) , (, 1992: 258).. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ). (, 2003: 23-28;, 2015: 84). 16) 60, 80 ( ( ), 1994: 15). 46

11 자장관련연구의성과와과제 ) ( ) ( ) (, 1997: 15-21), ( ) ( ) (, 2016: 52-53). ( ) ( ). 17),, ( ( ), 2015)., ( ) 16 (642). ( ) ( ) (, 2015)., 8 (, 2015: 225;, 2015: 345). 17) (, 1987), 8 8 (, 2007: ).,. (1988); (1992); (1997); (1997); (2012); (2015). 47

12 불교와사회제 13 권 2 호.., ( ), ( ) ( ) 20 ( ), ) ).. Ⅲ. 자장의정치, 외교적역할 642 8, ( ) 18) 29 ;, 2007,, (, 1988: 7;, 2016: 46). 19), ( ( ), 2016: 270). 48

13 자장관련연구의성과와과제. ( ) ,. ( ). 9,. ( ) ( ), ( ) (, 1986: 72).,. ( ), 9, ( ). ( ) 9 (, 1992: )., 9. (, 2004: 169).. 9, ( ) ( ) 49

14 불교와사회제 13 권 2 호., ( ) ( ).,, ( ). ( ) ( ) ( ). 20),. 21) ( ), ( ). (, 1992: 40-42;, 2017: 22;, 2019: 18-20).,, 9 ( ), ( ) ( ), 20),,,,,,,. 21) (1995: 86-93); (2012: 52); (2016: 76); (2018: 123); Pankaj Mohan, (2007: 62). 50

15 자장관련연구의성과와과제 (, 1995, 1999: 44-45). (, 2019: ).,,,. ( ) ( ) , (, 2021: 89-93). ( ) 22). ( ) ( ). 23) 22) ( 4 5 );. 23) (, 2012: 43)., (, 1997: ). 51

16 불교와사회제 13 권 2 호 ( ), ( ) (, 1989;, 2012: 13-45).,. ( ) ( ) ( ) (, 2008: ). 24),.. 25).. ( ), ( )., 12 ( ) ( ). 26) 24) (1995: 32-33); (1996: 16-17); (2004: 225); (2013: 59-61). 25) ( 64 ). 52

17 자장관련연구의성과와과제 ( ). ( ) ( ) (, 1999: 41),. ( ). ( ). 27),. ~,.,,. Ⅳ. 자장의사상과신앙경향. ( 26) 4( 12: p.214a-b)(, 1992: 43). 27) (, 1987: ). (, 1992: 43). 53

18 불교와사회제 13 권 2 호 ), ( ), ( ), ( ).,.. ( ) ( ) ( ), ( ).,, ( ), ( ) ( ). 28). ( ), ( ) ( ) ( ), ( ) (, 1977: 259).,. 29) 28) (, 4, 5, ). 54

19 자장관련연구의성과와과제. ( ), 30), ( ) ( ) (, 2012: ). ( ) ( )., ( ) ( ) (, 1977: 259;, 1989: 21;, 2012: 91-92). ( ) 31) ( ),., (, 1992: 37;, 2007: 25-27).. 32), 29). (1937). 30) 䧏 (, 4, 5, ). 31) (, 15, ). 55

20 불교와사회제 13 권 2 호 ( ) ( ),.,. 33), ( ), (, 1982)..,,.. ( ).. 34) ( ) ( ( ), 2007: 344). 32) ( ( ), 2016). 33) ( ). 34) 4 5, 7 7,. 56

21 자장관련연구의성과와과제,., ( ) 35), (, 1941: 56)., 9,.,,. 3 2,, (, 1982: 11). 35),,...., 3..,. 57

22 불교와사회제 13 권 2 호 ( ) ( ( ), 2007: ).,.,, ( ) ( ). ( ) ( ) ( ),, (, 2007: 4)., ( ). 36), ( ), ( ). ( ) 36) (, 2003),,. 58

23 자장관련연구의성과와과제 (, 2016: 65-68). ( ). ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ) (, 1983: 514;, 1987: 10-11). ( ) (, 1971; ( ), 1995). 80, ( ). 8. ( ). (, 1992: 18-23).. ( ) - -, ( ). 59

24 불교와사회제 13 권 2 호,,. ( ( ), 2016: )., ( ) (, 2016). 37) ( ) (, 2005: 258).,,..,. Ⅴ. 맺음말 90 37) (, 2018). 60

25 자장관련연구의성과와과제 (, 1992: 1-3).,. - -, - -,, -.,.,,.,.,, ( ),.,.,., 61

26 불교와사회제 13 권 2 호..,. 참고문헌 三國遺事. 五臺山事蹟記. 皇龍寺九層木塔刹柱本記. 續高僧傳. 法苑珠林. 佛祖統紀. 佛說大迦葉問大寶積正法經. 戒壇圖經. 江田俊雄朝鮮佛敎と護國思想 - 特に新羅時代のそれに就いて. 朝鮮 239. 江田俊雄新羅の慈藏と五臺山. 文化江田俊雄新羅慈藏のよる文殊感得の布敎法. 宗敎硏究 154. 江田俊雄朝鮮佛敎史の硏究. 國書刊行會 : 橫超慧日戒壇について ( 中 ). 支那佛敎史學 5-2: 56. 강종훈 세기삼국통일전쟁과신라의군사활동 -660 년이전대고구려전을 62

27 자장관련연구의성과와과제 중심으로. 신라문화 24: 곽뢰 신라중고기오대산문수신앙수용설의재검토. 동국사학 59: 곽뢰 신라오대산문수신앙연구. 동국대학교박사학위논문. 곽뢰 신라오대산문수신앙의성립에대한재검토. 불교학연구 54: 권덕영 삼국사기신라본기견당사기사의몇가지문제. 삼국사기의원전검토. 한국정신문화연구원 : 김두진 자장의문수신앙과계율. 한국학논총 12: 김복순 신라화엄종연구. 민족사. 김복순 신라오대산사적의형성. 강원불교사연구. 소화. 김복순 자장의생애와율사로서의위상. 대각사상 10: 김복순 신사조로서의신라불교와왕권. 경인문화사. 김복순 삼국유사진덕왕조와한화정책의일고찰. 신라문화제학술발표논문집 40: 김상현 신라의사상과문화. 일지사. 김숙희 내성사신김용수와대국통자장. 신라사학보 46: 金英美慈藏의佛國土思想. 韓國史市民講座 10: 김영수 五敎兩宗에대하야. 진단학보 8: 김영태 화엄사상가로서의자장법사. 법시 44. 김영태 신라불교대중화의역사와그사상연구. 신라불교연구. 민족문화사. (1969. 불교학보 6: ) 김창석 신라중대의국제개혁과율령개수. 역사학보 238: 남동신 원효의교판론과그불교사적위치. 한국사론 20: 남동신 자장의불교사상과불교치국책. 한국사연구 76: 남무희 신라자장연구. 서경문화사. 노재성 자장율사의생애- 唐傳 과 삼국유사 자장정율 을비교하며. 중앙승가대학논문집 10: 박광연 한국오대산신앙관련자료의재검토. 사학연구 118: 박노준 당대오대산문수신앙과그동아시아적전개에관한연구. 성신여자 63

28 불교와사회제 13 권 2 호 대학교박사학위논문. 박명호 세기신라정치사의이해. 경인문화사. 박미선 신라오대산신앙의성립시기. 한국사상사학 28: 박미선 자장정율 조로본자장의생애와 定律 의의미. 신라문화제학술발표논문집 33: 박수정 세기전반신라의당제도수용과그의미. 신라사학보 52: 신동하 신라오대산신앙의구조. 인문과학연구 3: 신동하 신라왕자자장 론의검토. 불교학연구 43: 신선혜 삼국유사 이혜동진 조와신라중고기불교계. 신라문화제학술발표논문집 33. 신종원 신라오대산사적과성덕왕의즉위배경. 최영희선생화갑기념한국사학논총. 신종원 신라초기불교사연구. 민족사. 안계현 호국이념의율사. 한국의인물상. 신구문화사. 안계현 삼국유사와불교종파. 삼국유사의신연구. 신라문화선양회 : 안계현 한국불교사상사연구. 동국대학교출판부. 양정석 황룡사의조영과왕권. 서경. 염중섭 ( 자현 ) 자장의전기자료연구. 동국대학교박사학위논문. 염중섭 ( 자현 ) 자장과화엄의관련성고찰. 한국불교학 77: 염중섭 ( 자현 ) 자장의입당이전율사로서의위상에관한검토. 원불교사상과종교문화 68: 염중섭 ( 자현 ) 자장의생몰연대에대한종합적검토. 동아시아불교문화 29: 이기백 신라사상사연구. 일조각. 이기영 한국불교연구. 한국불교연구원. 이용관 선덕여왕대자장의정치적활동. 영동문화 6: 이행구 ( 도업 ) 韓國華嚴의初祖考 ; 자장법사의화엄사상. 동국논집 13:

29 자장관련연구의성과와과제 임경미 ( 원영 ) 戒壇築造에관한小考. 정토학연구 10: 자현외 한국의사리신앙연구. 운주사. 정병조 자장과문수신행. 신라문화 3(4): 주보돈 김춘추와자장. 신라문화 49: 채인환 신라불교계율사상연구. 국서간행회. 채인환 慈藏의戒律과戒壇創設. 東國思想 15: 최연식 세기신라불교의동향과동아시아불교계. 불교학연구 12: 최원식 신라보살계사상사연구. 민족사. Pankaj Mohan. 송준혁역 세기초신라왕권의강화와불교- 원광과자장을중심으로. 신라사학보 9: 平川彰. 釋慧能譯 원시불교의연구-교단조직의원형. 민족사. 한준수 신라중대율령정치사연구. 서경문화사. 혜남스님 불교의계단성립과전개1. 불교계단의성립과전개. 동아시아불교문화학회제4회추계국제학술대회발표집 : ( 논문접수 : / 수정본접수 : / 게재승인 : ) 65

30 불교와사회제 13 권 2 호 ABSTRACT Achievements and Challenges of Research Related to JaJang ( 慈藏 ) Sin, Sun-hye Assistant Professor, Honam University Research on JaJang ( ) is progressing toward a rational understanding of mixed historical records and analysis of existing historical records from a new perspective. Within the limitations of not being able to summarize all of the vast research results, this paper selected the issues that are the subject of JaJang's research and suggested the current status of the research, the areas that need reconsideration, and the possibility of interpretation from a different perspective. The issues are broadly divided as follows: The life of JaJang, year of his birth and death, motives of become a Buddhist monk, entering the Tang Dynasty, the Journey to Mt. Odae, his political and diplomatic roles in the history of Silla, tendencies of thought and belief, religious precepts and Hwaeom, etc. The characteristics of the research trend were found for each issue, and different conclusions were drawn depending on whether the JaJang-related sources were trusted or not in the studies related to the life of JaJang and entering 66

31 자장관련연구의성과와과제 the Tang Dynasty. With the exception of WonHyo and EuiSang, among the Buddhist monks of ancient Korea, JaJang has been recorded in relatively many places. Nevertheless, the fact that researchers cannot agree on the most basic subjects of character research, such as the year of birth and the year of death, means that the historical records are seriously inconsistent with each other and that many of the changed perceptions of the contemporary or later generations are reflected in the historical records. However, it can be understood that this fact proves that JaJang showed that many different traces, and furthermore, research on his status continued until later generations. Studies on JaJang's political and diplomatic roles were also conducted in the direction of rationally interpreting the conflicting records of his trace but at the same time, his status was assessed based on the domestic situation of Silla at the time and the political and ideological changes in China that JaJang grasped through entry into the Tang Dynasty. In particular, at the same time, his traces were compared with the activities of KIM CHUN-CHU, and the view that the ambiguity of JaJang's later records stemmed from his political resignation was mainstream. On the other hand, most of JaJang's research was to identify the trends of his thoughts and belief. Unlike previous studies, there is no conflict between views in this regard, but in particular, in the views that emphasize JaJang's Hwaom Idealism (Flower Garland Sutra), a thorough analysis of historical records became a major research method as it is the basis for his journey to Odaesan after entering the Tang Dynasty. Even though a vast amount of research results have been derived 67

32 불교와사회제 13 권 2 호 through various approaches, this paper was an opportunity to confirm once again that it is necessary to go back to historical records and examine them closely, and to delve into related contents ranging from evidence to historical records. Key Words: JaJang ( ), Odaesan ( ), Religious Precepts ( ), Hwaeom ( ), A Platform of Receiving the Religious Precepts ( ), Ordination Ceremony ( ) 68

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI: : Researc

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp.251-273 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.2.201706.251 : 1997 2005 Research Trend Analysis on the Korean Alternative Education