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Weed Turf. Sci. 3(3):165~173 http://dx.doi.org/10.5660/wts.2014.3.3.165 Print ISSN 2287-7924, Online ISSN 2288-3312 Mini-Review Weed & Turfgrass Science Weed & Turfgrass Science was renamed from both formerly Korean Journal of Weed Science from Volume 32(3), 2012, and formerly Korean Journal of Turfgrass Science from Volume 25(1), 2011 and sian Journal of Turfgrass Science from Volume 26(2), 2012 which were launched by The Korean Society of Weed Science and The Turfgrass Society of Korea found in 1981 and 1987, respectively. 국내수도용제초제의작용기작별분류 박재읍 1 * 김상수 1 김영림 1 김민주 1 하헌영 1 이인용 2 문병철 3 임양빈 1 1 국립농업과학원농자재평가과, 2 국립농업과학원작물보호과, 3 농촌진흥청연구정책국 Classification ccording to Site of ction of Paddy Herbicides Registered in Korea Jae-Eup Park 1 *, Sang-Su Kim 1, Young-Lim Kim 1, Min-Ju Kim 1, Heun-Young Ha 1, In-Yong Lee 2, yung-chul Moon 3, and Yang-in Ihm 1 1 Division of gro-materials Evaluation, National cademy of gricultural Science, RD, Suwon 441-807, Korea 2 Division of Crop Protection, National cademy of gricultural Science, RD, Suwon 441-807, Korea 3 Rural Development dministration, Suwon 441-807, Korea STRCT. This review study was conducted to recommend the effective use of herbicide mixtures in Korea. The herbicide ingredients by Herbicide Resistancce ction Committee (HRC) was classified into 23 groupes according to the mode of action (acetyl Co carboxylase inhibitors, acetolactate synthase, photosystem I and II inhibitors, protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors, carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitors, enolpyruvyl shikimate-3-phosphate synthase inhibitors, glutamine synthetase inhibitors, dihydropteroate synthetase inhibitors, mitosis inhibitors, cellulose inhibitors, oxidative phosphorylation uncouplers, fatty acid and lipid biosynthesis inhibitors, synthetic auxins, auxin transport inhibitors and potential nucleic acid inhibitors or non-descript mode of action). The rice herbicide mixtures registered in Korea were classified based on the guideline of HRC. ccordingly, such a classification system for resistance management can help to avoid continuous use of the herbicide having the same mode of action in the same field. Key words: Herbicide, Herbicide Resistance ction Committee, Herbicide resistant weed, Mode of action Received on March 19, 2014; Revised on June 13, 2014; ccepted on June 23, 2014 *Corresponding author: Phone) +82-31-290-0581, Fax) +82-31-290-0508; E-mail) Jepark73@korea.kr 2014 The Korean Society of Weed Science and The Turfgrass Society of Korea This is an Open-ccess article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons ttribution Non-Commercial License & #160; (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, & #160; and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 인류는농업을영위하면서잡초와의경쟁을이어왔다. 그만큼잡초근절이힘들고어렵다는것을반증하고있다. 그나마제초제의등장은먹거리안정적생산을보장해주어서농산물생산측면에서볼때필수불가결한농업자재이다. 농업현장에서농업생산성향상및농작업생력화를위해제초제사용이보편화되면서특정제초제에저항성을보이는 제초제저항성잡초 가세계적으로발생하여인류먹거리의안정적생산에크게위협을가하고있는실정이다미국에서는캘리포니아벼재배지역에서 acetyl-co carboxylase (CCase) 저해제초제에대한저항성피와글리포세이트에저항성잡초인망초가발생하여큰피해를주 고있다 (Heap, 1997). 그리고우리나라와영농형태가비슷한일본에서도설포닐우레아 (SU) 계저항성잡초인물달개비등 10여종이논에발생하는것으로현재보고되었다 (Miyahara et al., 1988). 우리나라도피를포함해 11종이제초제저항성잡초로확인되는등전세계적으로 61개국에서 235여종이저항성인것으로보고되었다 (Im, 2009; Kim, 1984; Kwon et al., 2009; Park et al., 2009, 2010, 2011). 제초제저항성잡초의발생원인은다양하나주로약효가우수하고약효지속기간이긴제초제를일정기간연용하여사용할경우저항성개체가발생할가능성이높은것으로알려져있다. 특히. 제초제성분중에피를특이적으로잘 165

166 박재읍 김상수 김영림 김민주 하헌영 이인용 문병철 임양빈 방제하는 cyhalofop-butyl 등과같은 CCase 저해제와매우적은양으로도물달개비와같은광엽잡초등을잘방제하는 acetolactate synthase (LS) 저해제인 pyrazosulfuron과 bensulfuron 등과같은 SU계제초제의연용은저항성잡초를많이발생시키는데이들저항성의주된원인이제초제작용점변이에있는것으로알려지고있다 (Heap, 1997). 따라서, 전세계적으로각국의약제저항성연구그룹과다국적농약개발회사를중심으로제초제저항성잡초뿐만아니라농약으로부터병해충및잡초가저항성화되는것을방지하여농약을안정적으로사용할수있도록약제저항성을관리하고연구하는그룹인가칭약제저항성관리위원회 (FRC, IRC, HRC) 가구성되어있다. 그중에서잡초가제초제에의해서약제저항성화되는것을관계하는 Herbicide Resistant ction Committee (HRC, 이하제초제저항성관리위원회 ) 는특정약제의연용과중복사용을미연에방지하여저항성잡초발생을줄일수있도록제초제별작용기작을세분화하여그룹화한후제초제별사용방법의가이드라인을제시한바있다 (http://www.hracglobal.com). 제초제의작용기작별그룹화의기준은앞에서논의한것처럼제초제저항성관리위원회 (HRC) 가제안한제초제작용기작별그룹자료를인용하였다. 그핵심내용은 Table 1 과같이유사한작용기작을보이는제초제를다음과같이분류하였다. 식물체내에서지질생합성과정중 CCase의기능을저해하는것으로알려진아릴옥시페녹시프로피오네이트계와사이클로헥산디에논계를그룹 로분류하고식물의필수아미노산인 valine, isoleucine 생합성에관여하는 LS 혹은 acetohydroxy acid synthase (HS) 를저해하는제초제를그룹로, 광계 II에서광합성을저해 (photosystem inhibitors) 하는제초제를그룹C로분류했고이것을더세분하여는트리아진계와우라실계등을그룹 C1, 요소계를그룹 C2, 벤조티아디아지논계를 C3로분류하였다. 그리고광계 I에서광합성을저해 (photosysteminhibitors) 하는제초제를 D로분류, protoporpyrinogen 산화효소저해제인디페닐에텔계를 E그룹으로, carotenoid 생합성을저해하는제초제를 F 그룹으로분류하고이것을세분하여 phytoene desaturase step (PDS) 에서카로티노이드생합성을저해하는제초제를그룹 F1으로, 4-hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate dioxigenase (HPPD) 에서플라스토퀴논생합성을저해하는제초제를 F2 그룹으로불확실한카로티노이드생합성을저해하는제초제를그룹 F3으로분류하고있었다. 방향족아미노산인 phenylanine, tyrosine, tryptophan 생합성에관여하는 5-enol pyruvyl shikimate 3-phosphate (EPSP) 효소를저해하여황백화현상이발생하는글라이신계를 G그룹으로, 글루타민합성효소를저해하는제초제를그룹 H로, dihydropteroate Table 1. Herbicide mechanism of action according to the herbicide resistance action committee (HRC). Herbicide mechanism of action HRC Group* cetyl Co Carboxylase (CCase) inhibitors cetolactate Synthase (LS) or cetohydroxy cid Synthase (HS) inhibitors Photosystem II inhibitors Photosystem I inhibitors Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase (PPG oxidase or Protox) inhibitors Carotenoid iosynthesis inhibitors Enolpyruvyl Shikimate-3-Phosphate (EPSP) Synthase inhibitors Glutamine Synthetase inhibitors Dihydropteroate Synthetase inhibitors Mitosis inhibitors Cellulose inhibitors Oxidative Phosphorylation Uncouplers Fatty cid and Lipid iosynthesis inhibitors Synthetic uxins uxin Transport inhibitors Potential Nucleic cid Inhibitors or Non-descript mode of action Not Classified C1, C2, C3 D 합성효소를저해하는제초제를그룹 I로, 세포분열저해제초제를그룹 K로분류하고이것을세분하여 tubulin과결합하여 microtubule 중합체형성을저해하는디나이트로아닐린계를 K1 그룹으로, 카바메이트계를 K2로, 초장쇄지방산저해제 (inhibition of very long chain fatty acid) 를 그룹으로분류되어있었다. 그리고세포벽합성저해제는그룹 L, 에너지생성과정에작용하는제초제로탈공역에의한산화적인산화과정을저해하는제초제는그룹 M, 식물호르몬작용교란을하는제초제중에 I와유사한작용을하는제초제는그룹 O로, 옥신의이동을방해하는제초제는그룹 P로분류하고마지막으로작용기작이불분명한제초제는 Z그룹으로분류하고있었다. 전체적으로 그룹에서 Z그룹까지 17 대그룹으로분류하고세부적으로는 23세부그룹으로분류하는안을제시하고있다 (Ihm et al., 2013). 따라서이러한제시안을기준으로국내등록된수도용제초제를작용기작별로분류하였다. 국내등록된수도용제초제에대한작용기작별로분류하 E F1, F2, F3 G H I K1, K2, L M N O P Z NC * HRC group were classified alphabetically according to their target sites and site of action.

국내수도용제초제의작용기작별분류 167 mixtures registrated in Korea. zimsulfuron enzobicyclon WG ( 푸른논 ) zimsulfuron Cafenstrole WG ( 마크원 ) zimsulfuron Penoxsulam WG ( 풀에이스 ) zimsulfuron Pyriminobac-methyl WG ( 돌격대 ) zimsulfuron Penoxsulam WP ( 동방아그로클리어 ) zimsulfuron enzobicyclon Metamifop GR ( 만능손 ) zimsulfuron enzobicyclon Penoxsulam GR ( 다킬 ) zimsulfuron enzobicyclon Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 통제사 ) zimsulfuron romobutide Penoxsulam GR ( 황손 ) zimsulfuron romobutide Pyriminobac-methyl GG ( 펴나네 ) zimsulfuron Carfentrazone-ethyl GR ( 태양왕 ) zimsulfuron Carfentrazone-ethyl Metamifop GR ( 하이킥 ) zimsulfuron Carfentrazone-ethyl Penoxsulam GR ( 노나내 ) zimsulfuron Carfentrazone-ethyl Flucetosulfuron GR ( 논도사 ) zimsulfuron Carfentrazone-ethyl Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 관운장 ) zimsulfuron Thiobencarb GR ( 금물결 ) zimsulfuron Flucetosulfuron GR ( 금방아 ) zimsulfuron Penoxsulam GR ( 강산애 ) zimsulfuron Penoxsulam Simetryn GR ( 필사초 ) zimsulfuron Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 풀방패 ) zimsulfuron enzobicyclon Penoxsulam DT ( 던지는다킬 ) zimsulfuron Carfentrazoneethyl Pyriminobac-methyl UG ( 축포 ) zimsulfuron Pyriminobac-methyl GG ( 돌격대 ) zimsulfuron enzobicyclon WG ( 푸른논 ) ensulfuron-methyl daimuron Mefenacet GR ( 마무리 ) ensulfuron-methyl Mesotrione Penoxsulam GR ( 손안대 ) ensulfuron-methyl Mesotrione Pretilachlor Pyriftalid GR ( 하나쳐 ) Classification of herbicide site of ction +F2 + + + + +F2+ +F2+ +F2+ +Z+ +Z+ +E +E+ +E+ +E+ +E+ + N + + ++C1 + +F2+ +E+ + + F2 +Z+ +F2+ +F2++ ensulfuron-methyl Mefenacet GR ( 만석군 ) ensulfuron-methyl enzobicyclon Fentrazamide GR ( 풀수색 ) ensulfuron-methyl Carfentrazone-ethyl Metamifop GR ( 감초논 ) ensulfuron-methyl Carfentrazone-ethyl Thiobencarb GR ( 영일사초왕 ) ensulfuron-methyl Thiobencarb GR ( 마이다스 ) ensulfuron-methyl Fentrazamide Mesotrione GR ( 필드마스터 ) ensulfuron-methyl Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 잡초왕 ) enzobicyclon Metamifop Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 대명사 ) enzobicyclon Orthosulfamuron Penoxsulam GR ( 파숫꾼 ) enzobicyclon Cafenstrole Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 영일스타 ) enzobicyclon Carfentrazone-ethyl Penoxsulam GR ( 쾌속정 ) enzobicyclon Carfentrazone-ethyl Flucetosulfuron GR ( 여명 ) enzobicyclon Penoxsulam Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 다메기 ) enzobicyclon Penoxsulam Pyrazolate GR ( 논조네 ) enzobicyclon Fentrazamide Imazosulfuron GR ( 논감독 ) enzobicyclon Propyrisulfuron GR ( 논지기 ) enzobicyclon Pyrimisulfan GR ( 돌파구 ) entazone MCP GR ( 승전보 ) enfuresate ensulfuron-methyl Fentrazamide GR ( 성보필드캅 ) enfuresate ifenox GR ( 한손 ) enfuresate Cyclosulfamuron Fentrazamide GR ( 우리논 ) enfuresate MCP Penoxsulam GR ( 천하대왕 ) enfuresate Imazosulfuron Mefenacet GR ( 삼관왕 ) enfuresate Fentrazamide Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 걸작 ) enfuresate Fentrazamide Halosulfuron-methyl GR ( 정석골드 ) enfuresate Halosulfuron-methyl Indanofan GR ( 정석 ) utachlor GR ( 마세트, 매끄란, 논마트, 삼공부타, 아리부타, 선문특부타 ) utachlor Cyclosulfamuron GR ( 신초왕 ) utachlor Ethoxysulfuron GR ( 풀제로 ) utachlor Carfentrazone-ethyl GR ( 위드캅 ) romobutide Imazosulfuron Mefenacet GR ( 풀제로 ) romobutide Imazosulfuron Thiobencarb GR ( 노니랑 ) + +F2+ +E+ +E+N + N ++F2 + F2 + F2++ F2 + + F2+E+ F2+E+ F2++ F2 + + F2 F2 + + F2 + F2 + C3 + O N++ N+ E N++ N+O+ N + + N++ N++ N++Z + + + E Z + + Z++N

168 박재읍 김상수 김영림 김민주 하헌영 이인용 문병철 임양빈 Classification of herbicide site of ction romobutide Imazosulfuron Penoxsulam GR ( 노네존 ) Z++ romobutide Imazosulfuron Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 도마타 ) Z++ romobutide Cafenstrole Imazosulfuron GR ( 삼지창 ) Z++ romobutide Fentrazamide Imazosulfuron GR ( 동방아그로불사조 ) Z++ romobutide Propyrisulfuron GR ( 무초지대 ) Z + romobutide Flucetosulfuron Imazosulfuron GR ( 천하센 ) Z++ romobutide Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 삼박자 ) Z++ ensulfuron-methyl enzobicyclon Penoxsulam GG ( 아리뎐저라 ) +F2+ ensulfuron-methyl Carfentrazone-ethyl Penoxsulam GG ( 핵주먹 ) +E+ enzobicyclon Metazosulfuron DT ( 마타킹 ) F2 + enzobicyclon Cyclosulfamuron Pyriminob ac-methyl DT ( 바둑탄 ) F2++ enzobicyclon Imazosulfuron Penoxsulam GG ( 벤조비 ) F2++ enzobicyclon Penoxsulam DT ( 문전옥답점보 ) F2 + enzobicyclon Penoxsulam Pyrazosulfuron -ethyl DT ( 풀타벤, 이티 ) F2++ enzobicyclon Fentrazamide Penoxsulam DT ( 피다벤, 이티 ) F2 + + enzobicyclon Fentrazamide Pyrazosulfuro n-ethyl UG ( 탄저탄 ) F2 + + enzobicyclon Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Pyriminobac-methyl GG ( 모두처 ) F2++ romobutide Imazosulfuron Penoxsulam UG ( 노네존 ) Z++ ensulfuron-methyl Mefenacet SC ( 푸름네, 철웅성 ) + ensulfuron-methyl Mefenacet Oxadiargyl SC ( - ) ++E ensulfuron-methyl Mefenacet Pretilachlor SE ( 초대박 ) ++ ensulfuron-methyl enzobicyclon Mefenacet SC ( 저격수 ) +F2+ ensulfuron-methyl enzobicyclon Penoxsulam SC ( 애니풀 ) +F2+ ensulfuron-methyl enzobicyclon Fentrazamide SC ( 조아라 ) +F2+ ensulfuron-methyl enzobicyclon Pyriminobac-methyl SC ( 다센왕 ) +F2+ ensulfuron-methyl romobutide Mefenacet SC ( 아리효자네 ) +Z+ ensulfuron-methyl Indanofan SC ( 일사천리 ) + Z ensulfuron-methyl Penoxsulam SC ( 농장군 ) + ensulfuron-methyl Fentrazamide SC ( 파문 ) + ensulfuron-methyl Pretilachlor Pyriftalid SC ( 아피로프로 ) ++ ensulfuron-methyl Pyriminobac-methyl SC ( 금방매 ) + enzobicyclon SC ( 나지마 ) enzobicyclon Mefenacet Penoxsulam SC ( 풀천왕 ) F2 + + enzobicyclon Mefenacet Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl SC ( 만냥골드 ) F2 + + enzobicyclon Cyclosulfamuron Fentrazamide SC ( 온동네 ) F2 + + enzobicyclon Oxaziclomefone SC ( 반들 ) F2 + Z enzobicyclon Imazosulfuron Metamifop SC ( 풀제로 ) F2 + + enzobicyclon Imazosulfuron Mefenacet SC ( 초길왕 ) F2 + + enzobicyclon Imazosulfuron Pyriminobac-methyl F2++ SC ( 다관왕 ) enzobicyclon Imazosulfuron Penoxsulam SC ( 아리온노내 ) F2++ enzobicyclon Thiobencarb SE ( 초스탑 ) F2 + N enzobicyclon Penoxsulam SC ( 문전옥답 ) F2 + enzobicyclon Penoxsulam Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl SC ( 스마트원 ) F2 + + enzobicyclon Pendimethalin SE ( - ) F2 + K1 enzobicyclon Fentrazamide SC ( 아리안나풀 ) F2 + enzobicyclon Fentrazamide Imazosulfuron SC ( 매직샷 ) F2 + + enzobicyclon Fentrazamide Penoxsulam SC ( 천하태평 ) F2 + + enzobicyclon Pretilachlor SE ( 초보매 ) F2 + enzobicyclon Propyrisulfuron SC ( 명감독 ) F2 + enzobicyclon Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Pyriminobac-methyl SC ( 황금열쇄 ) F2 + + enzobicyclon Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Pyriminobac-methyl WG ( 모두처 ) F2 + + enfuresate enzobicyclon Fentrazamide SE ( 동방아그로위버스 ) N+F2+ utachlor CS ( 마세트300, 논마트 ) romobutide Oxadiargyl SC ( 킬스타 ) Z +E romobutide Oxadiazon EC ( 트랙스타 ) Z +E romobutide Imazosulfuron Metamifop SC ( 불도저 ) Z + + romobutide Imazosulfuron Mefenacet SC ( 클로저 ) Z + + romobutide Imazosulfuron Penoxsulam SC ( 크리논 ) Z++ romobutide Imazosulfuron Pyriminobac-methyl SC ( 도마타 ) Z++ romobutide Thiobencarb SC ( 반석 ) Z +N

국내수도용제초제의작용기작별분류 169 romobutide Thiobencarb SE ( 반석 ) romobutide Penoxsulam SC ( 금누리 ) romobutide Fentrazamide Imazosulfuron SC ( 손모아 ) romobutide Propyrisulfuron SC ( 사자후 ) ensulfuron-methyl Penoxsulam SC ( 농장군 ) entazone Mecoprop-P SL ( 초강세 ) entazone Metamifop ME ( 대다네 ) entazone Cyhalofop-butyl ME ( 정일품 ) entazone MCP ME ( 그란피비-45) entazone MCP SL ( 밧사그란엠60, 골드그린S) entazone Penoxsulam SC ( 일등공신 ) entazone-sodium Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl ME ( 단골 ) ensulfuron-methyl enzobicyclon Mefenacet SC ( 저격수 ) ensulfuron-methyl enzobicyclon Penoxsulam SC ( 애니풀 ) ensulfuronmethyl enzobicyclon Fentrazamide SC ( 조아라 ) enzobicyclon Imazosulfuron Mefenacet SC ( 초킬왕 ) enzobicyclon Imazosulfuron Pyriminobac-methyl SC ( 다관왕 ) enzobicyclon Fentrazamide Imazosulfuron SC ( 매직샷 ) enzobicyclon Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Pyriminobac-methyl WG ( 모두처 ) romobutide Imazosulfuron Mefenacet SC ( 클로저 ) enzobicyclon Cyclosulfamuron Flucetosulfuron GG ( 콩알탄 ) enzobicyclon Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Pyriminobac-methyl GG ( 점저미 ) ensulfuron-methyl Mefenacet GR ( 푸름네, 철웅성 ) ensulfuron-methyl utachlor GR ( 만드리 ) ensulfuron-methyl Pretilachlor GR ( 복도리 ) enfuresate ensulfuron-methyl GR ( 논풍 ) enfuresate ifenox GR ( 한손 ) utachlor Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 노네스타, 한들 ) ensulfuron-methyl Pyributicarb SC ( 논두렁, 만수레 ) Classification of herbicide site of ction Z + N Z + Z++ Z + + C3 + O C3 + C3 + C3 + O C3 + O C3 + C3 + +F2+ +F2+ +F2+ F2++ F2 + + F2 + + F2 + + Z++ F2 + + F2 + + + + + N + N + E + +Z entazone SL ( 밧사그란, 벤타존, 풀망치, 블랙번, 풀반장, 싸악디, 벤타그란 ) C3 ensulfuron-methyl Mesotrione Penoxsulam GR ( 손안대 ) +F2+ ensulfuron-methyl Mefenacet Thiobencarb GR ( 굳파머 ) ++N ensulfuron-methyl Carfentrazone-ethyl Metamifop GR ( 감초논 ) +E+ ensulfuron-methyl Thiobencarb GR ( 마이다스 ) +N ensulfuron-methyl Carfentrazone-ethyl Thiobencarb GR ( 영일사초왕 ) +E+N ensulfuron-methyl Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 잡초왕 ) + enzobicyclon Metamifop Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 대명사 ) F2++ enzobicyclon Carfentrazone-ethyl Penoxsulam GR F2+E+ ( 쾌속정 ) enzobicyclon Carfentrazone-ethyl Flucetosulfuron F2+E+ GR ( 여명 ) enzobicyclon Penoxsulam Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 다메기 ) F2++ enzobicyclon Flucetosulfuron Pyrazosulfuronethyl GR ( 온들녁 ) F2++ romobutide Imazosulfuron Metamifop GR ( 초사냥 ) Z + + romobutide Imazosulfuron Thiobencarb GR ( 노니랑 ) Z + + N romobutide Imazosulfuron Penoxsulam GR ( 노네존 ) Z + + romobutide Imazosulfuron Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 도마타 ) Z++ romobutide Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 삼박자 ) Z++ enzobicyclon Flucetosulfuron DT ( 황금볼점보 ) F2 + enzobicyclon Flucetosulfuron Halosulfuron-methyl DT ( 이편한점보 ) F2++ romobutide Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Pyriminobac-methyl GG ( 장군봉 ) Z++ romobutide Halosulfuron-methyl Pyriminobac-methyl GG ( 금수강산 ) Z++ ensulfuron-methyl enzobicyclon Penoxsulam SC ( 애니풀 ) +F2+ ensulfuron-methyl Penoxsulam SC ( 농장군 ) + ensulfuron-methyl Pyriminobac-methyl SC ( 금방매 ) + enzobicyclon Imazosulfuron Pyriminobac-methyl SC ( 다관왕 ) F2++ enzobicyclon Imazosulfuron Penoxsulam SC ( 아리온노내 ) F2 + + enzobicyclon Thiobencarb SE ( 초스탑 ) F2 + N enzobicyclon Penoxsulam Pretilachlor SE ( 만사형통 ) enzobicyclon Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Pyriminobac-methyl SC ( 황금열쇄 ) enzobicyclon Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Pyriminobac-methyl WG ( 모두처 ) enzobicyclon Halosulfuron-methyl Pyriminobac-methyl WG ( - ) F2 + + F2++ F2++ F2++

170 박재읍 김상수 김영림 김민주 하헌영 이인용 문병철 임양빈 romobutide Imazosulfuron Metamifop SC ( 불도저 ) romobutide Imazosulfuron Penoxsulam SC ( 크리논 ) romobutide Imazosulfuron Pyriminobac-methyl SC ( 도마타 ) romobutide Halosulfuron-methyl Pyriminobac-methyl WG ( 금수강산 ) ispyribac-sodium SL ( 나마니 ) romobutide Imazosulfuron Metamifop SC ( 불도저 ) romobutide Halosulfuronmethyl Pyriminobac-methyl GG ( 금수강산 ) enzobicyclon Metamifop Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 대명사 ) enzobicyclon Carfentrazone-ethyl Flucetosulfuron GR ( 여명 ) ensulfuron-methyl enzobicyclon Penoxsulam SC ( 애니폴 ) enzobicyclon Penoxsulam Pretilachlor SE ( 만사형통 ) romobutide Imazosulfuron Penoxsulam SC ( 크리논 ) entazone Cyhalofop-butyl ME ( 정일품 ) entazone-sodium Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl ME ( 단골 ) ispyribac-sodium SL ( 나마니 ) utachlor EC ( 부타골드, 석권, 유일부타, 아리부타, 논마트, 동방아그로부타, 삼공부타, 매끄란, 마세트 ) ifenox Pendimethalin EC ( 이글샷 ) Cyclosulfamuron Mefenacet GR ( 영일크린앞 ) Cyclosulfamuron Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 영일논마다 ) Cyhalofop-butyl Imazosulfuron Pretilachlor GR ( 논지기 ) Carbosulfan Halosulfuron-methyl Mefenacet GR ( 메가톤 ) Cafenstrole Imazosulfuron GR ( 논천하 ) Cafenstrole Penoxsulam GR ( 탑매가 ) Cafenstrole Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 풀앤콜 ) Carfentrazone-ethyl Metamifop Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 동네방네 ) Carfentrazone-ethyl Mefenacet Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 삼정승 ) Carfentrazone-ethyl Cyclosulfamuron Mefenacet GR ( 한가람 ) Classification of herbicide site of ction Z++ Z++ Z++ Z++ Z++ Z++ F2 + F2 + E + +F2+ F2 + + Z++ C3 + C3 + E + K1 + +E ++ 1++ + + + E++ E++ E++ Carfentrazone-ethyl Cyclosulfamuron Fentrazamide GR ( 듀크 ) E++ Carfentrazone-ethyl Cyclosulfamuron Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 풀마침 ) E++ Carfentrazone-ethyl Cyclosulfamuron Pyriftalid GR ( 올풀 ) E++ Carfentrazone-ethyl Imazosulfuron Mefenacet GR ( 늘풍년 ) E++ Carfentrazone-ethyl Imazosulfuron Penoxsulam GR ( 대야망씨 ) E++ Carfentrazone-ethyl Imazosulfuron Pyriminobacmethyl GR ( 필드왕 ) E++ Carfentrazone-ethyl Thiobencarb GR ( 엄선 ) E + N Carfentrazone-ethyl Penoxsulam GR ( 씨이저 ) E + Cyclosulfamuron Pyriminobac-methyl DT ( 타브로 ) + E Cyhalofop-butyl Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl UG ( 청검 ) + Carfentrazone-ethyl Imazosulfuron Pyriminobac-methyl DT ( 뉴필드왕, 이티 ) E++ Carfentrazone-ethyl Fentrazamide Pyrazosulfuronethyl UG ( 발포탄 ) E++ Cyclosulfamuron Mefenacet SC ( 손아네 ) + Cyclosulfamuron Penoxsulam SC ( 성보나이스 ) + Fentrazamide Simetryn EC ( 스워드 ) + C1 Fentrazamide Oxadiargyl EC ( 오복 ) + E Fentrazamide Oxadiazon EC ( 안나지 ) + E Fentrazamide Imazosulfuron SC(3.75%, 7.5%) ( 초기확, 메아리 ) + Fentrazamide Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl WG ( 한번매 ) + Fentrazamide Pyrimisulfan SC ( 수문장 ) + Flucetosulfuron WG ( 스타빅 ) Flucetosulfuron Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl WG(15.4%) ( 풀타임플러스, 잔디애 ) + Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl EC ( 콜렉트, 매드시 ) Penoxsulam SC (3%) ( 살초대첩, 살초대첩에스 ) Flucetosulfuron WP ( 존플러스 ) Flucetosulfuron Mesotrione Pretilachlor GR ( 사또 ) +F2 + Flucetosulfuron Imazosulfuron GG ( 노네존 ) + Flucetosulfuron Pretilachlor GR ( 엔트리원 ) + Flucetosulfuron Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 풀타임 ) + Flucetosulfuron DT ( 단수매 ) Fenclorim Pretilachlor EC ( 폴네트 ) s + Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl EC ( 콜렉트 ) Halosulfuron-methyl GR ( 하나다 ) Halosulfuron-methyl Mesotrione Penoxsulam GR ( 올고래 ) +F2+ Halosulfuron-methyl Mefenacet GR ( 농이랑 ) + Halosulfuron-methyl Mefenacet Thiobencarb GR ( 모드매 ) ++N

국내수도용제초제의작용기작별분류 171 Classification of herbicide site of ction Halosulfuron-methyl Mefenacet Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 골든볼 ) ++ Halosulfuron-methyl MCP Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 농부왕 ) +O+ Halosulfuron-methyl Oxaziclomefone GR ( 만서미 ) + Z Halosulfuron-methyl Pretilachlor Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 논보배 ) ++ Halosulfuron-methyl Mefenacet GG(11.04%) ( 농이랑 ) + Halosulfuron-methyl Mefenacet GG(22.1%) ( 논사마 ) + Halosulfuron-methyl Oxaziclomefone DT ( 이편한 ) +Z Halosulfuron-methyl Pyriminobac-methyl GG(0.28%, 3.36%) ( 논키퍼, 선구자 ) + Halosulfuron-methyl Pyriminobac-methyl DT ( 주먹탄 ) + Halosulfuron-methyl Mefenacet SC ( 논사마 ) + Halosulfuron-methyl Oxaziclomefone WG ( 이편한 ) +Z Halosulfuron-methyl Mefenacet Thiobencarb GR ( 모드매 ) ++N Imazosulfuron Mefenacet Thiobencarb GR ( 빅쓰리 ) ++N Imazosulfuron Oxaziclomefone GR ( 무스탕 ) + Z Imazosulfuron Pretilachlor GR ( 논지기 ) + Imazosulfuron Pyrazolate Simetryn GR ( 특효탄 ) +F2+C1 Cyclosulfamuron Fentrazamide SC ( 골드논 ) + Cyhalofop-butyl Imazosulfuron Pretilachlor SE ( 손시운 ) ++ Carfentrazone-ethyl Imazosulfuron Mefenacet SE ( 영일넘버원 ) E++ Clomazone Pentoxazone EC ( 풍년초 ) F3 + E Clomazone Pretilachlor EC ( 영일제로원 ) F3 + Cyhalofop-butyl EC ( 풀에끝 ) Cyhalofop-butyl Propanil EC ( 피에스타 ) +C2 Cyhalofop-butyl Pyribenzoxim EC ( 뉴트렘퍼 ) + Cyhalofop-butyl Imazosulfuron Pretilachlor GR ( 논지기 ) ++ Carfentrazone-ethyl Imazosulfuron Penoxsulam GR ( 대야망씨 ) E++ Carfentrazone-ethyl Imazosulfuron Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 필드왕 ) E++ Carfentrazone-ethyl Penoxsulam GR ( 씨이저 ) E + Carfentrazone-ethyl Flucetosulfuron GR ( 영일담수왕 ) E+ Carfentrazone-ethyl Flucetosulfuron Imazosulfuron GR ( 아리농부손 ) E++ Carfentrazone-ethyl Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Thiobencarb GR ( 농부내 ) E++N Carfentrazone-ethyl Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 안노처 ) E++ Carfentrazone-ethyl Halosulfuron-methyl Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 논짱 ) E++ Cyhalofop-butyl Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl UG ( 천금 ) + Carfentrazone-ethyl Imazosulfuron Pyriminobac-methyl DT ( 뉴필드왕. 이티 ) E++ Cyhalofop-butyl Pendimethalin EC ( 건파왕 ) +K1 Daimuron Mefenacet Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 갈채 ) Z++ Dimethametryn Metazosulfuron GR ( 필살기 ) C1 + Dimethametryn Mefenacet Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 희안타 ) C1 + + Dimethametryn Esprocarb Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 논드림 ) C1 +N + Dimethametryn Penoxsulam Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 논크린골드 ) C1 + + Dimethametryn Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Thiobencarb GR ( 새논 ) C1 + + N Dimethametryn Halosulfuron-methyl Penoxsulam GR ( 나세지 ) C1 + + Dimethametryn Halosulfuron-methyl Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 황금마패 ) C1 + + Dithiopyr GR ( 나바라, 번개, 스쿠프 ) K1 Dimuron Imazosulfuron Mefenacet SC ( 정조준 ) Z + + Dimuron Imazosulfuron Oxaziclomefone SC ( 동아리 ) Z + + Z Dimethametryn Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 유이란 ) C1 + + 2,4-D SL ( 이사디아민염 ) O 2,4-D ethylester WP ( 경농이사피, 수중이사디 ) O Esprocarb Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 풀박사 ) N+ Flucetosulfuron DT ( 단수매 ) Fentrazamide EC ( 써래매 ) Imazosulfuron Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 투망 ) + Indanofan Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 풀도사 ) Z+ Imazosulfuron Pyriminobac-methyl GG ( 다마타, 투망 ) + Imazosulfuron Mefenacet SC ( 마그마 ) + Imazosulfuron Indanofan SC ( 운수대통 ) + Z Imazosulfuron Penoxsulam SC ( 대야망 ) + Imazosulfuron Pyriminobac-methyl SC ( 다마타 ) + Imazosulfuron Pyrazolate Simetryn GR ( 특효탄 ) + F2 + C1 Imazosulfuron Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 다마타 ) + Mesotrione Metazosulfuron GR ( 백발백중 ) F2 + Mesotrione Penoxsulam Pretilachlor GR ( 하늘천 ) F2 + +

172 박재읍 김상수 김영림 김민주 하헌영 이인용 문병철 임양빈 Classification of herbicide site of ction Mesotrione Pretilachlor GR ( 다정토 ) F2 + Metazosulfuron GR ( 마타조 ) Mefenacet Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 만냥, 일꾼 ) + Mefenacet Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Thiobencarb GR ( - ) + + N Mefenacet Pyrimisulfan GR ( 대장부 ) + Metazosulfuron DT ( 이티스타 ) Mefenacet Pyrimisulfan UG ( 막강탄 ) + Metazosulfuron SC ( 완결판 ) Metazosulfuron WG ( 안타레스 ) Mefenacet Penoxsulam SC ( 알부자 ) + Mefenacet Pyrimisulfan SC ( 풀아웃 ) + Metamifop ME ( 피자바 ) Metamifop EC ( 피제로 ) MCP SL ( 팜가드 ) O Orthosulfamuron Pretilachlor GR ( 풀장군 ) + Oxaziclomefone Penoxsulam GR ( 영일농사모 ) Z + Oxadiargyl EC ( 톱스타 ) E Oxadiazon EC ( 새물결, 노넨는, 론스타, 논스타 ) E Oxadiazon Pendimethalin EC ( 해도지 ) E + K1 Oxaziclomefone Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl WG ( 간펴내 ) Z + Oxadiazon Pretilachlor EW ( 선수로 ) E + Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 내노내 ) + Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Pyriftalid GR ( 아피로맥스 ) + Pyrazolate Thiobencarb GR ( 차트리 ) F2 + N Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Pyriminobac-methyl GG ( 퐁당퐁당 ) + Penoxsulam SC ( 살포대첩에스 ) Penoxsulam Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl WG ( 풀사냥 ) + Pendimethalin Pretilachlor EC ( 새보매 ) K1 + Pentoxazone SC ( 미리네 ) E Pentoxazone EC ( 초사리 ) E Pentoxazone Pretilachlor SE ( 다몬나 ) E + Pretilachlor EC ( 솔네트 ) Pretilachlor EW ( 엘리얀 ) Pretilachlor Simetryn EC ( 도움꾼 ) + C1 Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Pyriminobac-methyl WG ( 내노내 ) + Pyribenzoxim EC ( 크린샷 ) Penoxsulam GR ( 살초대첩 ) Pretilachlor GR ( 솔네트엠, 영일프레티 ) Pendimethalin GR ( 스톰프 ) K1 Penoxsulam Thiobencarb GR ( 자바내 ) + N Penoxsulam Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 산소엔 ) + Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR ( 시리우스, 특공대 ) Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Thiobencarb GR ( 슈퍼유나니 ) + N Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Pyriminobac-methyl GR ( 내노내 ) + Pyrazolate Thiobencarb GR ( 슈퍼유나니 ) F2 + N Pyrazolate Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl Simetryn GR ( 직파탄 ) F2 + + C1 Pyrazolate SC ( 참일꾼 ) F2 Profoxydim EC ( 테트리스 ) Pendimethalin Propanil EC ( 길자비, 샛별, 마르샤 ) K1 + C2 Quinoclamine GR ( 이끼탄, 희망탄 ) C Thiobencarb GR ( 사단 ) N 기위해 Herbicide Resistant ction Committee가제시한그룹분류기준인 Table 1의자료를참고로하여국내등록된수도용제초제의품목별로함유하고있는개별성분의작용기작이유사한약제별로분류한결과는 Table 2와같다. 한국작물보호협회에서발간되는작물보호제농약지침서에의하면현재등록되어있는수도용제초제는단일성분의제품은 butachlor 입제등 44종, 2종혼합제품은 azimsulfuron benzobicyclonwg 등 162종, 3종혼합제품은 azimsulfuron benzobicyclon metamifopgr 등 180종및 4종혼합제품은 bensulfuron-methyl mesotrione pretilachlor pyriftalid GR 등 1종이등록되어사용중에있다 (KCP, 2012). 단제중에서 butachlor GR는세포분열저해제이므로분류기준표에의거하여 K로분류되었고 2종혼합제품인 azimsulfuron benzobicyclonwg 는 acetolactate synthase (LS) 저해제인 azimsulfuron은 로 carotenoid biosynthesis 저해제인 benzobicyclon 은 F2로분류되어 +F2로표시하였고, 3종혼합제인 azimsulfuron benzobicyclon metamifop GR는 LS 인 azimsulfuron은 로, carotenoid biosynthesis 저해제인 benzobicyclon 은 F2로 CCase 저해제인 metamifop은 로분류되어최종적으로 +F2+로표시하였다. 4종혼합제품인 bensulfuron-methyl mesotrione pretilachlor pyriftalid GR는 LS저해제인 bensulfuron-methyl은 로 carotenoid iosynthesis 저해제인 mesotrione은 F2로 mitosis inhibitors 인 pretilachlor은 로 HS 저해제인 pyriftalid는 로분류되어최종적으로 +F2++로표시하였다. 전체적으로국내등록된수도용제초제 387 제품의성분에대해서작용기작별분류하여표시하였다. 이와같은작용기작별분류표시방식은미국, 호주등외국에서는이미오래전부터도입하여농약개발단계부터등록후사용단계까지약제저항성관리에활용을하고있는실정이다. 논잡초가제초제에저항성화되는것을방지하기

국내수도용제초제의작용기작별분류 173 위해서주요실천내용을보면약제개발단계에서는단일성분의단제보다작용기작이서로다른두성분이상을다른함량으로혼합해서개발토록유도하며등록시제품포장지에계통그룹표시를의무화하여저항성정보를사용자에게제공토록하고있다. 제공되는주요한정보로는제초제사용시동일한포장에서작용기작이같은제초제를연속해서사용하는것을피하도록하는가이드라인을제시하여잡초가저항성화하지않도록제초제저항성잡초를철저히관리하고있었다 (Heap, 1997). 국내에서도제초제를포함해서농약의약제저항성안전관리를위한국내등록된농약을대상으로작용기작을세부정리한농약사용길잡이라는자료가발간되어배부하기도하였다 (Ihm et al., 2013). 결과적으로이러한작용기작별약제분류는국내등록제초제의성분별혼합양상에따른제품간잡초방제력을비교할수있을것으로생각된다. 특히농약사용자는제품의성분정보를손쉽게파악할수있어농약살포시동일한성분의약제를중복살포한다든지연용살포를사전에방지할수있을것으로생각되고결과적으로제초제사용시가장큰문제점인잡초의약제저항성화를막을수있을것으로판단된다. 금후이러한제초제작용기작별분류기준 ( 안 ) 자료는신규농약등록시제품의표장지에명기할수있도록하는새로운작용기작표시제도도입시의참고자료로활용될수있을것으로기대한다. 요약 국내에등록된제초제의효율적사용을위해서제초제저항성관리위원회에서제시한제초제작용기작별분류를기초로 23그룹으로분류하였다. 세부그룹으로는 acetyl Co carboxylase 억제제, acetolactate synthase 억제제, photosystem 과억제제, protoporphyrinogen oxidase 억제제, carotenoid biosynthesis 억제제, enolpyruvyl shikimate-3-phosphate synthase 억제제, glutamine synthetase 억제제, dihydropteroate synthetase 억제제, 세포분열저해제 (mitosis inhibitors), cellulose 생합성억제제, oxidative phosphorylation uncouplers, 지방산및지질생합성억제제, synthetic auxins, auxin transport 억제제, potential nucleic acid Inhibitors 혹은 non-descript mode of action으로나누었다. 이와같은그룹화기준을토대로국내등록되어사용중인논제초제성분들을그룹화하였다. 따라서, 이러한약제작용기작관련정보를농약사용자에게제공함으로써특정약제의연용과중복사용을방지하여국내에서제초제저항성잡초발생문제를줄일수있을것으로기대된다. 주요어 : 작용기작, 제초제, 제초제저항성잡초, 제초제저항성관리위원회 cknowledgment This study was supported by an GEND (No.PJ008643) grant of Rural Development dministration Republic of Korea. References HRC. 2013. Classification of herbicide site of action. http:// www.hracglobal.com (ccessed Jun. 1, 2014). HRC. 2013. Guideline to management of herbicide resistance. http://www.hracglobal.com (ccessed Jun. 1, 2014). Heap, I. 1997. The occurrence of herbicide-resistant weeds worldwide. Pestic. Sci. 51:235-243. Im, I.. 2009. Control and emergence of herbicides resistant Echinochloa oryzicola in paddy field of Korea. Korean J. Weed Sci. 29(Supp. 2):103-104. (In Korean) Ihm, Y.., Park, J.E. and Park, H.M. 2013. grochemicals Using Guide. National cademy of gricultural Science. Suwon, Korea. p. 625. (In Korean) Korea Crop Protection ssociation (KCP). 2012. Guide of pesticides. Samjeong Press, Seoul, Korea. pp. 813-1190. (In Korean) Kim, K.U. 1984. Resistant of plants to herbicide. Korean J. Weed Sci. 4(1):96-106. (In Korean) Kwon, O.D., Kuk, Y.I., Cho, S.H. and Shin, H.R. 2009. Control of sulfonylurea-resistant biotype of Eleocharis acicularis in paddy fields in Jeonnam province, Korea. Korean J. Weed Sci. 29(Supp. 1):32-34. (In Korean) Miyahara, M., Guh, J.O. and Lee, D.J. 1998. Occurrence of resistant weeds to sulfonylurea herbicides in Japan. Korean J. Weed Sci. 18(3):268-279. Park, T.S., Ku,.I., Kang, S.K., Choi, M.K., Park, H.K., et al. 2010. Response of the resistant biotype of Echinochloa oryzicola to CCase and LS inhibitor, and effect of alternative herbicides. Korean J. Weed Sci. 30(3):291-299. (In Korean) Park, T.S., Kang, C.K., Park, J.E., Ku,.I., Park, H.K., et al. 2009. Identification and management of sulfonylurea-resistant biotype of Scirpus planiculmis in reclaimed paddy fields, Korea. Korean J. Weed Sci. 29(Supp. 1):35-37. (In Korean) Park, T.S., Lee, I.Y., Seong, K.Y., Cho, H.S., Park, H.K., et al. 2011. Status and prospect of herbicide resistant weeds in rice fields of Korea. Korean J. Weed Sci. 31(2):119-133. (In Korean)