2018 GDP 105 92 200813 Benthien19979 2006 kimboo@korea.ac.kr
355 1900 (Hofmeister & Steinecke, 1984, 1-13) 1930 (Hall & Page, 2006, 9)1950 Christaller (central place) (peripheral place) pleasure periphery Christaller19551-71960 (Ruppert & Maier, 1970) 1980 1980 (WTO) 200156-58Butcher(2003) (moralization of tourism) 1990 200211-18 (otherness) (placeless) Ritzer & Liska(1997) (authenticity) (McDisneyization) (post-tourism)
356 (post-tourist) (Johnston, et al., 2000, 840-843) (Urry, 1995, 151) 200522-24 (Kampschulte, 1999, 229) 2006296 2 3 4 1 2 3
357 Smith (1983, 184-185) (pre-paradigm stage) (Pearce, 1993, 1) (Hall & Page, 2006, 23) GIS (Hall & Page, 2006, 347-349) Ashworth(1989, 33) (double neglect) (Pearce, 1995 149-151) (Page, 1995, 6-9) 1980 2004
358 54 Law Page Law1993 1980 (Hall & Page, 2006) Page1995 45 1998 2003231 90 2006351 (Shaw & Williams, 2002, 244) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Page199548 2 2 Page(1995, 16-17) 1 2 3 4inner city 5
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360 tourism urbanization Page 1995 13 Benthien199713 2006190-191 200459-61 (Kotler, et al., 1993, 141) 2006 247 (Grabow, et al., 1995, 118-119) (Grabow, et al., 1995, 111-112)
361 (Lagoon) 2007 Kampschulte 1999229 2006296 (valid) (realistic) (believable) (simple) (appeal) (Page, 1995, 226) (Grabow, et al., 1995, 106-119) 1 2 3-13-2
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375 21 9400 81 1800 1997 2002 21 1933 1997 10 4000m 2002 1999 12 10 3 90 90 9 2025 4 2008 200 1 2002 2006 2004 69-71 2000 6 300 1988 2004 370 2005 1200 Kolb
376 2006222-223 Kolb2006138227 40 1993 2008 3410 1 411 2006 J 2008 1630 57000 250 1000 20 90 8000 1980 90 35 2007 2010 200 2012 100 10 1 200751-63 2
377 1995 1996 cosmopolitan city 975 622 20 2002 7 2009 19 2010 12 2002 2007 2005 393pp.371-385 2001 2005 393pp.361-369 1999 2006 2007 2007 20082007 2007 2007 100
378 (=Bentus, A., 2004, the most beautiful cities of the World 100, Rebo Int., Lisse) 2006 93pp.431-440 2006 pp.349-359. 2006 pp.247-261 2004 2006 91pp.123-137 2003 12 12 2004 (eds.)2002 2005 2006 2007 2006 pp.280-302 2007 13pp.18-31 2010 Brief 285 2004 43pp.53-68 2005 8pp.821-34 2006 pp.360-378 2007 2002 2003 1999(=Law, C. M., 1993, Urban Tourism, Mansell, London) 2005 82pp.35-53 2008 144pp.309-327 2008 2004 2006 pp.186-202 2005 8pp.9-20 2002 21pp.226-238 Arx, D. von, 1993, Seminartourismus, Basler Beiträge zur Geographie 41, Basel. Baker, B., 2007, Destination Branding for small Cities, Creative Leap Books, Portland. Bale, J., 2003, Sports Geography, 2nd ed., Routledge, London. Benthien, B., 1997, Geographie der Erholung und des Tourismus, Klett-Perthes, Gotha. Butcher, J., 2003, The Moralisation of Tourism, Routledge, London. Christaller, W., 1955, Beiträge zu einer Geographie des Fremdenverkehrs, Erdkunde Bd. 9, pp.1-19. Grabow, B., Henckel, D. and Hollbach-Grömig, B., 1995, Weiche Standortfaktoren, Schriften des Deutschen Instituts für Urbanistik, Bd. 89, W. Kolhhammer, Stuttgart. Hall C. M. and Page, S. J., 2006, The Geography of Tourism & Recreation, 3rd. ed., Routledge, London. Hofmeister, B. and Steinecke, A.(eds.), 1984, Geographie des Freizeit und Fremdenverkehrs, Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt. Getz, D., 2007, Event Studies, BH, London. Johnston, R. J., Greory D., Pratt G. and Watts, M.(eds),
379 2000, The Dictionary of Human Geography, Blackwell, Oxford. Kampschulte, A., 1999, Image as an Instrument of Urban Management, Geographical Helvetica 54(4), pp.229-241. Kotler, P., Haider, D. and Rein, I., 1993, Marketing Places, The Free Presss, NY. Kolb, B. M., 2006, Tourism Marketing for Cities and Town, BH, London. Law, C. M., 1993, Urban Tourism, Mansell, London. Pacione, M., 2001, Urban Geography, Routledge, London. Page, S. J., 1995, Urban Tourism, Routledge, London. Pearce, D. G., 1993, Introduction, in: Pearce, D. and Butler, R.(eds), Tourism Research, Routledge, London, pp.1-8. Pearce, D. G., 1995, Tourism Today: A Geographical Analysis, 2nd ed., Longman, London. Pearce. D. G., 2001, An Integrative Framework for Urban Tourism Research, Annals of Tourism Research 25(2), pp.457-476. Ruppert, K. and Maier J. (eds), 1970, Zur Geograpie des Freizeitverhaltens: Beiträge zur Fremdenverkehrsgeographie, Müchener Studien zur Sozial und Wirtschaftsgeographie Bd. 6. Shaw, G. and Williams, A. M., 2002, Critical Issues in Tourism; A Geographical Perspective, 2nd ed., Blackwell, Oxford. Smith, S., 1983, Recreation geography, Longman, London Urry, J., 1995, Consuming Places, Routledge, London. Wolf, K. and Jurczek, P., 1986, Geographie der Freizeit und des Tourismus, Ulmer, Stuttgart. 136-701 5 02-3290-236402-544- 6267kimboo@korea.ac.kr Correspondence: Boosung Kim, Department of Geography Education, Korea University, Anamdong 5ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-701, Korea, Tel: +82-2-3290-2364, Fax: +82-2-544-6267, e-mail: kimboo @korea.ac.kr
380 Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea Vol.13, No.3, 2010(354~380) Development of Urban Tourism through the Improvement of City Image Boosung Kim* AbstractCities are the most important type of tourist destination across the world, and yet urban areas have neglected in most academic studies of tourism. Urban destinations serve as gateways for tourist entry to the country, as centers of accommodation and a base for excursion to rural areas as well as destinations in their own right. Increasingly cities rely on image promotion to attract tourists to cities. A city s image is the sum of beliefs, ideas, and impressions that a people have of a city. Image has always been of great interest and concern to city marketers. The image improvement is very important especially in urban tourism development because tourism overwhelmingly depends on image. The cost and effectiveness of the image improvement strategy depends on the city s current image and real attributes. Some cities are blessed with positive images. They don t require changing the image so much as amplifying it and delivering it to more target groups. Many cities are stuck with a negative image. They need to remove it and make a positive out of a negative to correct it. Image reversals, however, are difficult to accomplish. Some cities are not well known because they are small, lack attractions, or don t advertise. They need to identify, develop, and disseminate a strong positive image for the city. Keywords : city image, city marketing, image improvement, urban tourism, urban tourism development * Professor, Department of Geography Education, Korea University