J East Asian Soc Dietary Life 25(1): 49 63 (2015) http://dx.doi.org/10.17495/easdl.2015.2.25.1.49 49 1 1 2 3 1, 2, 3 Study on Body Awareness, and Health Status according to Body Mass Index of College Women in Seoul Area Kyung-Ok Shin 1, Kyung-Soon Choi 1, Kyoung-Sik Han 2 and Min-Seok Choi 3 1 Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Sahmyook University, Seoul 139-742, Korea 2 Dept. of Animal Resources, Sahmyook University, Seoul 139-742, Korea 3 Dept. of Management Information System, Sahmyook University, Seoul 139-742, Korea ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate body recognition, eating patterns, and health status of female college students in Seoul according to body mass index. In this study, we classified subjects as underweight, normal weight, and obese according to BMI. The mean age of subjects was 20.69±1.72 years. Average height, weight or BMI of subjects were 161.49±5.39 cm, 52.17±6.53 kg and 20.01±2.35 kg/m 2, respectively. Body satisfaction rate was 11.5% for Yes, whereas body dissatisfaction rate was 88.5% (p<). Body dissatisfaction rates for the overweight, body dissatisfaction and underweight groups were 54.7%, 37.5% and 3.1%, respectively. The most common reason for controlling weight was 52.8% for to look pretty, whereas stress at 45.5% was the most common in the obese group. Exercise + diet therapy was used by 48.7%, followed by hungry (23.9%), exercise (17.3%) and intermittent diet (6.1%). Regular exercise 35.3%, A good rest & sleep 32.4% and Regular meals & taking nutrition 26.6% were significantly important (p<). Overeating was lower among obese subjects, whereas consumption of fried foods and high-fat meats was higher (p<). These results suggest the need for proper nutrition education for college students. Key words : BMI, body awareness, weight-control, eating habit, healthy eating index Corresponding author : Kyung-Ok Shin, Tel: +82-2-3399-1657, Fax: +82-2-3399-1655, E-mail: skorose@syu.ac.kr,., (Pak & Son 2002; Nam et al 2014)., (Nam et al 2014). (Cho IK 2003; Lim & Rha 2007; Kim KY 2008; Kim et al 2009; Nam et al 2014),,. (Kim SH 1995; Choi et al 2008; Choi et al 2010; Choi et al 2012). (Lee et al 1997; Cheong et al 2002; Kim et al 2004; Yoon HS 2006; Choi et al 2008; Choi et al 2012),,,. (Sung MH 2005; Nam et al 2014).,,,,
50 (Chyun et al 2000; Lee & Chang 2007; Choi et al 2008; Choi et al 2010; Choi et al 2012; Nam et al 2014). Nam et al(2014)., (Nam et al 2014).,,,,,,. 1. S 19 21 233 2013 10 2013 11, 217. (Body mass index : BMI) 52, 154, 11,,,,,. 2. (Yoon GA 2004, Shin & Choi 2014) BMI 25.0 kg/m 2,,. 2),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,. 3),,,,,,. 4).,,,,,. 5),,,,,,. 1) (Samhwa Company, Korea) (Tanita corporation, Japan), [Body Mass Index: BMI, (kg)/ (m 2 )]. (World Health Organization 2000; Anuurad et al 2003; Shin & Choi 2014) (BMI < 18.5 kg/m 2 ), (18.5 kg/m 2 BMI < 24.9 kg/m 2 ), (BMI 25.0 kg/m 2 ). BMI 25 kg/m 2 6) 10 (Kim et al 2003). (, ) 1,,,,,,, (1 ) (1 ), 2, (,, ) 2,
25(1): 49 63 (2015) 51,,,,, (, ) 2 (.). 3. SPSS version 18.0(SPSS Inc, Chicago, 11., U.S.A.). one-way Anova, (p<) Duncan.,, p< χ 2 -test. 1. Table 1. 20.69,, 161.49 cm, 52.17 kg 20.01 kg/m 2. 19 29 ( 160 cm, 56.3 kg)(the Korean Nutrition Society 2010), 1.49 cm, 4.13 kg., 45.76 kg, 53.0.37 kg 66.36 kg (p<). 17.43 kg/m 2, 20.42 kg/m 2 26.44 kg/m 2. (Yu & Lee 2004), 162.2 cm, 46.2 kg, 17.6 kg/m 2, Hong et al(2011) 163.1 cm, 54.0 kg, 20.3 kg/m 2. Kim & Kim (2005) 162.6 cm, 51.8 kg, Cheong et al(2007) 6 162.3 cm, Shin & Chung(2010) 161.56 cm, 51.98 kg. Choi et al (2012) 2008 2, 161.3 cm, 51.8 kg 19.2 kg/m 2, 2011 2, 161.7 cm, 51.3 kg 19.6 kg/m 2,. Nam et al(2014) 21.0,, 161.9 cm, 47.0 kg 17.9 kg/m 2. (2012), ( (kg/m 2 ) 25 ) 19 29 12.1%,. 2., Table 2 Table 3. 11.5%, 1) Table 1. Anthropometric characteristics of subjects Variables Mean±S.D. Body mass index Underweight Normal weight Obese Significance Age (years) 20.69±1.72 1) 20.85±1.47 20.65±1.78 20.55±2.02 2) Height (cm) 161.49±5.39 162.02±4.82 161.0.41±5.05 158.32±10.33 Weight (kg) 52.17±6.53 45.76±4.01 a 53.0.37±4.61 b 66.36±7.61 c 3) BMI 4) (kg/m 2 ) 20.01±2.35 17.43±1.22 a 20.42±1.34 b 26.44±1.23 c Mean±S.D. 2) : statistically no significant difference at p< by ANOVA-test. 3) a c values with different alphabet were significant different among groups at p< by Duncan's multiple range test. 4) BMI : body mass index.
52 Table 2. Body awareness and satisfaction ( I ) Body satisfaction Reason of dissatisfaction body The most satisfying parts of the body part Worry about weight-control An instrument to control weight The advice for weight-control The desired degree of weight loss Intent surgery and prescription drugs Worry about food during weight loss Yes 15(28.8) 1) 10( 6.5) - 25(11.5) No 37(71.2) 144(93.5) 11(100) 192(88.5) Overweight 7(18.9) 88(61.1) 10(90.9) 105(48.4) Underweight 6(16.2) - - 6( 2.8) Body dissatisfaction 21(56.8) 51(35.4) - 72(33.1) Others 18( 8.1) 15( 3.5) 1( 9.1) 34(15.7) Face 11(21.2) 26(16.9) 4(36.4) 41(18.9) Head 4( 7.7) 15( 9.7) - 19( 8.8) Shoulder 3( 5.8) 20(13.0) 2(18.2) 25(11.5) Breast 1( 1.9) 13( 8.4) 1( 9.9) 15( 6.9) Belly 4( 7.7) 10( 6.5) - 14( 6.5) Hip 8(15.4) 12( 7.8) 1( 9.9) 21( 9.7) Leg - 3( 1.9) - 3( 1.4) Hight 12(23.1) 22(14.3) - 34(15.9) Weight 2( 3.8) 31(20.1) 3(27.3) 36(16.6) Appearance 7(13.5) 2( 1.3) - 9( 4.1) Yes 39(75.0) 147(95.5) 11(100) 197(90.8) No 13(25.0) 7( 4.5) - 20( 9.2) Looks pretty 24(61.5) 77(52.4) 3(27.3) 104(52.8) Healthy 2( 5.1) 16(10.9) 2(18.2) 20(10.2) Treatment of disease - - - - Advice - 2( 1.4) 1( 9.1) 3( 1.5) Stress 13(33.3) 51(34.7) 5(45.5) 69(35.0) Others - 1( 0.7) - 1( 0.5) For yourself 36(92.3) 127(86.4) 8(72.7) 171(86.8) Parents 2( 5.1) 12( 8.2) 2(18.2) 16( 8.1) Friends - 7( 4.8) 1( 9.1) 8( 4.1) Others 1( 2.6) 1( 0.7) - 2( 1.0) 1 2 kg 17(43.6) 9( 6.1) - 26(13.2) 3 5 kg 15(38.5) 74(50.3) 1( 9.1) 90(45.7) 6 8 kg 3( 7.7) 36(24.5) 1( 9.1) 40(20.3) 9 kg 4(10.3) 28(19.0) 9(81.8) 41(20.8) Yes 5(12.8) 43(29.3) 4(36.4) 52(26.4) No 34(87.2) 104(70.7) 7(63.6) 145(73.6) Carbohydrate foods 7(17.9) 49(33.4) 3(27.3) 58(29.4) Fast food 22(56.4) 77(52.4) 7(63.6) 1( 0.5) 2) 3)
25(1): 49 63 (2015) 53 Table 2. Continued Worry about food during weight loss Method of weight-control Sugar foods 7(17.9) 13( 8.8) - 106(53.8) Alcohol 2( 5.1) 7( 4.8) 1( 9.1) 20(10.2) Others 1( 2.6) 1( 0.7) - 12( 6.1) The hungry 13(33.3) 32(21.8) 2(18.2) 47(23.9) One food diet - 1( 0.7) - 1( 0.5) Protein diet - 4( 2.7) - 4( 2.0) Diet supplements and injections 1( 2.6) 2( 1.4) - 3( 1.5) Exercise 10(25.6) 22(15.0) 2(18.2) 34(17.3) Exercise + diet therapy 14(35.9) 75(51.0) 7(63.6) 96(48.7) Intermittent diet 1( 2.6) 11( 7.5) - 12( 6.1) 1) 2) 3) N(%) : number of subjects, the relative % of subjects. Significant at p< by χ 2 -test. : statistically no significant difference at p< by χ 2 -test. 88.5%. 71.2%, 93.5%, 100% (p<). 56.8%, 61.1% 90.9% (p<). (Lee & Park 2003) 15.6% 37.5%, Rhee JH(2007),,.,, (Hong et al 2011). Hong et al(2011) 90.1%, BMI, 64.9%, 26%, (p<0.0001). Lee & Lee (1996) 17.2%, 2.1%, 61.0%, 31.5%. (Cho & Kang 2004), 74.3%,. Ju et al(2013),. Table 3. Body awareness and satisfaction ( II ) < 1 weeks 13(33.3) 1) 17(11.6) - 30(15.2) Try period of weight-control 1 weeks 1 month 13(33.3) 50(34.0) 3(27.3) 66(33.5) 1 3 month 6(15.4) 55(37.4) 7(63.6) 68(34.5) 3 6 month 2( 5.1) 20(13.6) 1( 9.1) 23(11.7) 1 years 5(12.8) 5( 3.4) - 10( 5.1) 2)
54 Table 3. Continued Self-confidence 28(71.8) 94(63.9) 8(72.7) 130(66.0) Emerging changes in the weight-control Maintaining weight The reason for the failure of weight loss Side effects of weight loss Learn about weight loss Cost for weight-control (10 4 won) Disease appears after weight loss Study - 1( 0.7) - 1( 0.5) Healthy 1( 2.6) 26(17.7) 1( 9.1) 28(14.2) Complete disease remission - - - - Never 10(25.6) 26(17.7) 2(18.2) 38(19.3) Yes 20(51.3) 47(32.0) 2(18.2) 69(35.0) No 19(48.7) 100(68.0) 9(81.8) 128(65.0) Lack of willingness 15(78.9) 73(73.0) 6(66.7) 94(73.4) The wrong way 2(10.5) 7( 7.0) - 9( 7.0) Study - 8( 8.0) 2(22.2) 10( 7.8) Disturbance of the surrounding environment and friends - 9( 9.0) 1(11.1) 10( 7.8) Others 2(10.5) 3( 3.0) - 5( 3.9) Yo-yo syndrome 5(26.3) 30(30.0) 4(44.4) 39(30.5) Increased appetite 3(15.8) 19(19.0) - 22(17.2) Anemia 6(31.6) 13(13.0) - 19(14.8) Stress - 8( 8.0) 1(11.2) 9( 7.0) Others 5(26.3) 30(30.0) 4(44.4) 39(30.5) Internet 27(69.2) 109(74.1) 8(72.7) 144(73.1) Hospital consultation 2( 5.1) 4( 2.7) 1( 9.1) 7( 3.6) Book and magazine 1( 2.6) 8( 5.4) - 9( 4.6) Friends and family 6(15.4) 17(11.6) 2(18.2) 25(12.7) Others 3( 7.7) 9( 6.1) - 12( 6.1) 5 10 26(66.7) 82(55.8) 3(27.3) 111(56.3) 10 20 5(12.8) 45(30.6) 5(45.5) 55(27.9) 20 30 3( 7.7) 11( 7.5) 3(27.3) 17( 8.6) 30 5(12.8) 9( 6.1) - 14( 7.1) Anemia 11(28.2) 29(19.7) 1( 9.1) 41(20.8) Irregular menstruation 3( 7.7) 22(15.0) 1( 9.1) 26(13.2) Osteoporosis 1( 2.6) 1( 0.7) - 2( 1.0) Breakdown of body 14(35.9) 42(28.6) 1( 9.1) 57(28.9) Anorexia - 3( 2.0) 1( 9.1) 4( 2.0) Others 10(25.8) 50(34.0) 7(63.6) 67(34.0) 3) 1) 2) 3) N(%) : number of subjects, the relative % of subjects. Significant at p< by χ 2 -test. : statistically no significant difference at p< by χ 2 -test.
25(1): 49 63 (2015) 55, (23.1%), (21.2%), (15.4%), (13.5%), (20.1%), (16.9%), (14.3%), (13.0%),, (36.4%), (27.3%), (18.2%) (p< ). 52.8%, 35.0% 10.2%, 45.5%. 86.8%, 8.1% 4.1%. Hong et al(2011) 8.0%, 92.0%. (Lee et al 2005; Ahn & Park 2009; Cho & Choi 2010), 85.7%, 91.9% 92.8%. 1 2 kg 43.6%, 3 5 kg 50.3%, 9 kg 81.8% (p<). 26.4%, 73.6%. 53.8%. (48.7%), 23.9%, 17.3%, 6.1%. Yu et al(2003), Ghaderi & Scott(2001) Hong et al(2011). Choi et al(2010), 32.0%, 71.7%, 39.8%, 17.4%, 16.9%, 2.0%. Hong et al(2011) 73%, 95.8% 32.8%. (Nunez et al 1998, Kim & Lee 2006, Strong et al 2008),,,,. 1 33.3% 33.3%, 1 3 37.4%, 1 3 63.6% (p<)., 66.0%, 14.2%. 51.3%, 32.0% 18.2% (p<)., 73.4%, 7.8% 7.8%. 31.6%, 26.3% 15.8%, 30.0%, 19.0% 13.0%, 44.4%, 11.2%. 73.1%, 12.7%, 4.6%. Cho & Choi(2010),,,. TV (Cho & Choi 2010). Choi et al(2012) 2008 2011 2 37.3% 60.3% ( ), TV. 5 10 56.3%, 10 20 27.9%, 20 30 8.6%, 7.1% 30 (p<). 35.9%, 28.2%, 7.7.%, 28.6%, 19.7%, 15.0%, 9.1%,
56 9.1%, 9.1%, 9.1%.,. 3. Table 4.. 217 194. Choi et al(2010) Table 4. Health related habits of drinking Alcohol drinking Frequency of weekly drinking Begin drinking habit Motive for drinking Daily amount of alcohol drinking(soju) Reason of drinking Kind of alcohol Yes 50(96.2)1) 135(87.7) 9(81.8) 194(89.4) No 2( 3.8) 19(12.3) 2(18.2) 23(10.6) Everyday 1( 2.0) 7( 5.2) - 8( 4.1) 1 time/w 6(12.0) 26(19.3) 2(22.2) 34(17.5) 2 3 times/w 4( 8.0) 14(10.4) 1(11.1) 19( 9.8) 2 3 times/month 39(78.0) 88(65.2) 6(66.6) 133(68.6) Elementary school - 3( 2.2) - 3( 1.5) Middle school 5(10.0) 17(12.6) - 22(11.3) High school 15(30.0) 22(16.3) 4(44.4) 41(21.1) University 30(60.0) 93(68.9) 5(55.6) 128(66.1) Curiosity 13(26.0) 32(23.7) 4(44.4) 49(25.3) Stress 1( 2.0) 7( 5.2) - 8( 4.1) Admonition 2( 4.0) 14(10.4) 1(11.1) 17( 8.8) For show 1( 2.0) 1( 0.7) - 2( 1.0) From necessity 33(66.0) 81(60.0) 4(44.4) 118(60.8) 1/2 14(28.0) 39(28.9) 1(11.1) 54(27.8) 1/2 1 32(64.0) 75(55.5) 7(77.7) 114(58.8) 1 2 3( 6.0) 21(15.6) 1(11.1) 25(12.8) 3 1( 2.0) - - 1( 0.5) Habitually 2( 4.0) 13( 9.6) 1(11.1) 16( 8.2) Mental stability 3( 6.0) 6( 4.4) - 9( 4.6) Social relations 39(78.0) 92(68.1) 8(88.9) 139(71.6) Weight control - - - - Others 6(12.0) 24(17.8) - 30(15.5) Soju 20(40.0) 59(43.7) 4(44.4) 83(42.8) Beer 24(48.0) 73(54.1) 5(55.6) 102(52.6) Makgeolli 5(10.0) 3( 2.2) - 8( 4.1) Liquor 1( 2.0) - - 1( 0.5) Traditional liquor - - - - 2) 1) 2) N(%) : number of subjects, the relative % of subjects. : statistically no significant difference at p< by χ 2 -test.
25(1): 49 63 (2015) 57 33.8%, 1.8%,. 68.6% 2 3, 1 17.5%. 66.1%, 21.1%, 11.3%. 60.8%, 26.0% 23.7%, 11.1%. ( 4 5 ) 58.8%, ( 2 ) 27.8%, ( 6 8 ) 12.8%. 71.6%, 8.2%, 4.6%. 52.6%, 42.8%, 4.1%.. (2012), 1 (365 ) 7 ( 5 ), 5 ( 3 ) 2 17.5%, 2005 4.6%, 2010 7.4% 2012 7.9%. (Kromhout D 1983; Williamson et al 1987; Lee & Kim 1991),. (Shin et al 2009; Choi et al 2010),,. (Dallongeville et al 1998; Kim et al 2006; Shin & Choi 2014),. 4. Table 5. 63.5%, 50.0% 54.6%. 49.0%, 36.6% 54.4% (p<). Choi et al(2008),. Choi et al(2012) 2008 2 (35.2%), 2011 2 (32.4%), 2008 2011 2. 57.6% 6 8, 4 6 30.9%, 8 7.8%. 30.8%, 39.0% 18.2%. 44.9% 1 2, 30 1 41.0%. (2008 ), 20 29, 1 2 19.5%, 30 1 38.6%. Choi et al(2010) 12.3%, (61.2%). Choi et al (2012) 30 38%. 5. Table 6., 20 65.0%, 20 50 32.3%, 50 100 1.4%. 69.1%. 17.5%, 33.2%. Choi et al(2010) 3 27.7%, 3 15.9%. (Lee & Lee 1996)
58 Table 5. Health related habits of subjects Interest in health A key to health Daily the sleeping hours Exercise Frequency of exercise per week Duration of daily exercise Very often 33(63.5) 1) 77(50.0) 6(54.6) 116(53.5) Sometimes 18(34.6) 68(44.2) 5(45.5) 91(41.9) Almost never 1( 1.9) 9( 5.8) - 10( 4.6) A good rest & sleep 25(49.0) 41(28.3) 1( 9.1) 67(32.4) Regular exercise 14(27.5) 53(36.6) 6(54.5) 73(35.3) Regular meals & taking nutrition 12(23.5) 40(27.6) 3(27.3) 55(26.6) Prohibition of smoking & drinking - 1( 0.7) - 1( 0.5) Supplement intake - - - - Obesity measurement - 10( 6.9) 1( 9.1) 11( 5.3) > 4 hours 2( 3.8) 5( 3.2) 1( 9.1) 8( 3.7) 4 6 hours 13(25.0) 49(31.8) 5(45.5) 67(30.9) 6 8 hours 32(61.5) 88(57.1) 5(45.5) 125(57.6) > 8 hours 5( 9.6) 12( 7.8) - 17( 7.8) Yes 16(30.8) 60(39.0) 2(18.2) 78(35.9) No 36(69.2) 64(61.0) 9(81.8) 139(64.1) 1 2 times/w 8(50.0) 26(43.3) 1(50.0) 35(44.9) 3 times/w 6(37.5) 15(25.0) - 21(26.9) 4 5 times/w 1( 6.3) 16(26.7) 1(50.0) 18(23.1) Every day 1( 6.3) 3( 5.0) - 4( 5.1) 30 minutes 3(18.8) 11(18.3) 1(50.0) 15(19.2) 30 minutes 1 hour 9(56.2) 22(36.7) 1(50.0) 32(41.0) 1 hour hour 30 minutes 4(25.0) 20(33.3) - 24(30.8) 1 hour 30 minutes 2 hour - 7(11.7) - 7( 9.0) 2) 3) 1) 2) 3) N(%) : number of subjects, the relative % of subjects. : statistically no significant difference at p< by χ 2 -test. Significant at p< by χ 2 -test.,,,. 32.7%, 26.0% 36.4% 1 2. 22.6%, 36.4%. (Kim SH 1995, Ahn et al 2007, Choi et al 2010) 20.8%, 50 56%. 36.5%, 17.5% 27.3% (p<), 16.6%., 42.3%, 41.6% 45.5% (p<). 62.2%, 43.3%
25(1): 49 63 (2015) 59 Table 6. Eating habits of subjects < 20 33(63.5) 102(66.2) 6(54.5) 141(65.0) Food expenses ( 10 4 won) Type of food expenses consumption Time of meal Eat breakfast Overeating Eating out Snacking Unbalanced meals 20 50 17(32.7) 48(31.2) 4(45.5) 70(32.3) 50 100 2( 3.8) 1( 0.6) - 3( 1.4) 100-3( 1.9) - 3( 1.4) A homelike meal 8(15.4) 29(18.8) 2(18.2) 39(18.0) Eating out 38(73.1) 106(68.8) 6(54.5) 150(69.1) Meal delivery 2( 3.8) 3( 1.9) - 5( 2.3) Snack 4( 7.7) 16(10.4) 3(27.3) 23(10.6) Regularly 8(15.4) 29(18.8) 1( 9.1) 38(17.5) Sometimes 29(55.8) 73(47.4) 5(45.5) 107(49.3) Irregularly 15(28.8) 52(33.8) 5(45.5) 72(33.2) Every day 17(32.7) 33(21.4) 1( 9.1) 51(23.5) 5 6 times/w 3( 5.8) 19(12.3) 1( 9.1) 23(10.6) 3 4 times/w 9(17.3) 29(18.8) 1( 9.1) 39(18.0) 1 2 times/w 11(21.2) 40(26.0) 4(36.4) 55(25.3) Not at all 12(23.1) 33(21.4) 4(36.4) 49(22.6) Almost never 19(36.5) 27(17.5) 3(27.3) 49(22.6) Sometimes 26(50.0) 100(64.9) 6(54.5) 132(60.8) Often 7(13.5) 27(17.5) 2(18.2) 36(16.6) Korean food 11(21.2) 64(41.6) 3(27.3) 78(35.9) Western food 22(42.3) 42(27.3) 3(27.3) 67(30.9) Chinese food 18(34.6) 48(31.2) 5(45.5) 71(32.7) Fast food - - - - Others 1( 1.9) - - 1( 0.5) Almost never 8(15.4) 14( 9.1) 1( 9.1) 23(10.6) 1 time 30(57.7) 98(63.6) 7(63.6) 135(62.2) 2 times 10(19.2) 23(14.9) 2(18.2) 35(16.1) > 3 times 4( 7.7) 19(12.3) 1( 9.1) 24(11.1) Almost never 11(21.2) 21(13.6) - 32(14.7) Sometimes 16(30.8) 71(46.1) 4(36.4) 91(41.9) Often 25(48.1) 62(40.3) 7(63.6) 94(43.3) 2) 3) 1) 2) 3) N(%) : number of subjects, the relative % of subjects. : statistically no significant difference at p< by χ 2 -test. Significant at p< by χ 2 -test.. Choi et al(2012) 2008 2, 2011 2,,
60 2011 2,. 6. Table 7. 35.5%, 44.7%. Table 7. Mini dietary assessment in college women Milk & its products, daily Meat, fish, egg, soybean etc, every meal Kimchi, vegetables, every meal Fruits & other juices, daily Fried foods, more than 2 times per week High fat meat, more than 2 times per week Add more salt or soy source at meals 3 meals a day, regularly Ice cream, cake, cookies, carbonated drinks as snack, more than 2 times per week Variety of food (balanced diet) Very often 10(19.2) 1) 33(21.4) - 43(19.8) Sometimes 17(32.7) 57(37.0) 3(27.3) 77(35.5) Seldom 25(48.1) 64(41.6) 8(72.7) 97(44.7) Very often 21(40.4) 53(34.4) 2(18.2) 76(35.0) Sometimes 28(53.8) 82(53.2) 5(45.5) 115(53.0) Seldom 3( 5.8) 19(12.3) 4(36.4) 26(12.0) Very often 23(44.2) 63(40.9) 4(36.4) 90(41.5) Sometimes 22(42.3) 65(42.2) 5(45.5) 92(42.4) Seldom 7(13.5) 26(16.9) 2(18.2) 35(16.1) Very often 18(34.6) 45(29.2) 4(36.4) 67(30.9) Sometimes 24(46.2) 58(37.7) 2(18.2) 84(38.7) Seldom 10(19.2) 51(33.1) 5(45.5) 66(30.4) Very often 19(36.5) 67(43.5) 6(54.5) 92(42.4) Sometimes 30(57.7) 69(44.8) 1( 9.1) 100(46.1) Seldom 3( 5.8) 18(11.7) 4(36.4) 25(11.5) Very often 15(28.8) 38(24.7) 3(27.3) 56(25.8) Sometimes 24(46.2) 65(42.2) 3(27.3) 92(42.4) Seldom 13(25.0) 51(33.1) 5(45.5) 69(31.8) Very often 9(17.3) 20(13.0) - 29(13.4) Sometimes 24(46.2) 49(31.8) 3(27.3) 76(35.0) Seldom 19(36.5) 85(55.2) 8(72.7) 112(51.6) Very often 7(13.5) 28(18.2) 2(18.2) 37(17.1) Sometimes 22(42.3) 49(31.8) 1( 9.1) 72(33.2) Seldom 23(44.2) 77(50.0) 8(72.7) 108(49.8) Very often 20(38.5) 67(43.5) 3(27.3) 90(41.5) Sometimes 14(26.9) 59(38.3) 3(27.3) 76(35.0) Seldom 18(34.6) 28(18.2) 5(45.5) 51(23.5) Very often 27(51.9) 59(38.3) 6(54.5) 92(42.4) Sometimes 18(34.6) 76(49.4) 3(27.3) 97(44.7) Seldom 7(13.5) 19(12.3) 2(18.2) 28(12.9) 2) 3) 1) 2) 3) N(%) : number of subjects, the relative % of subjects. : statistically no significant difference at p< by χ 2 -test. Significant at p< by χ 2 -test.
25(1): 49 63 (2015) 61 83.9%, (1 ) (1 ) 69.6%. (,, ) 2 68.2%, 17.1%, (.) 87.1%. 40.4%, 34.4% 18.2% (p<). 2 36.5%, 43.5% 54.5%, (p<). 17.3% 13.0%, 72.7% (p<).,,, (, ) 2 38.5%, 43.5% 27.3%, 45.5% (p<). Choi et al(2012) 2011 2,,,, 2008,,. Shin & Choi (2014) (41.3%) ( 9.1%, 27.9%), (37.0%), (43.5%) (54.3%).,,. 1. 20.69,, 161.49 cm, 52.17 kg 20.01 kg/m 2. 2. 11.5%, 56.8%, 61.1%, 90.9% (p<). 52.8%, 35.0% 10.2%, 45.5%. 9 kg 81.8%, 3 5 kg 45.7% (p<). 3. (48.7%), 23.9%, 17.3%, 6.1%. 31.6%, 26.3% 15.8%, 44.4%, 11.2%. 4. 63.5%, 50.0% 54.6%. 49.0%, 36.6% 54.4% (p<). 5. 22.6%, 36.4%. 6. 40.4%, 34.4% 18.2% (p<). 2 (p<).,,.,,,.,
62. REFERENCES Ahn BRM, Park ES (2009) Perception of body weight control, life styles and dietary habits according to the obesity index (OI) of female college students. Korean J Human Eco 18: 167-179. Ahn MS, Chang IY, Kim KH (2007) Comparisons of UCP2 polymorphism, dietary habits, and obesity index in normal and obese university students. Korean J Food Culture 22: 404-413. Anuurad E, Shiwaku K, Nogi A, Kitajima K, Enkhmaa B, Shimono K, Yamane Y (2003) The new BMI criteria for asians by the regional office for the western pacific region of WHO are suitable for screening of overweight to prevent metabolic syndrome in elder Japanese workers. J Occup Health 45: 335-343. Cheong SH, Kwon WJ, Chang KJ (2002) A comparative study on the dietary attitudes, dietary behaviors and diet qualities of food and nutrition major and non-major female university student. Korean J Comm Nutr 7: 293-303. Cheong SH, Na YJ, Lee EH, Chang KJ (2007) Anthropometric measurement, dietary behaviors, health-related behaviors and nutrient intake according to lifestyles of college students. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 36: 1560-1570. Cho HS, Choi MK (2010) A study on body image and dietary habits by the body mass index of middle school students in Chungnam. Korean J Food & Nutr 23: 368-375. Cho IK (2003) A study on the female undergraduates concern for the weight-control and diet. MS Thesis Yong-in Uni. Yongin Cho KJ, Kang HJ (2004) A study on the food habits and dietary intakes of university students in Busan area. J Korean Society Food Culture 19: 70-82. Choi KS, Shin KO, Chung KH (2008) Comparison of the dietary pattern, nutrient intakes, and blood parameters according to body mass index(bmi) of college women in Seoul area. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 37: 1589-1598. Choi KS, Shin KO, Huh SM, Chung KH (2010) Comparison of nutritional and physical status according to the residental type among college women in Seoul Women's University and Sahmyook University. Korean J Nutr 43: 86-96. Choi KS, Shin KO, Chung KH (2012) Dietary habits, nutrition status, and health of female students. Korea J Food & Nutr 25: 719-728. Chyun JH, Woo KJ, Choe EO (2000) A study on obesity rate and self-evaluated body shape of woman living in Inchon. Korean J Dietary Culture 15: 361-367. Dallongeville J, Marecaux N, Fruchart JC, Amouyel P (1998) Cigarette smoking is associated with unhealthy patterns of nutrient intake: A meta-analysis. J Nutr 128: 1450-1457. Ghaderi A, Scott B (2001) Prevalence, incidence and prospective risk factors for eating disorders. Acta Psychatr Scand 104: 122-130. Hong MS, Pak HO, Sohn CY (2011) A study on food behaviors and nutrient intakes according to body mass index and body image recognition in female university students from Incheon. Korean J Food & Nutr 24: 386-395. Ju MJ, Shin YJ, Kim YH (2013) A study on body awareness and dietary life of adults who perform regular exercise. J Nutr Health 46: 461-469. Kim HY, Kim JH (2005) Food habits and nutrition knowledge of college students residing in the dormitory in Ulsan area. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 34: 1388-1397. Kim KY (2008) Effects of body mass index on eating disorder in college female. Korea J Sports Sci 17: 89-96. Kim KY, Ahn GJ, Kim KW (2004) Analysis of dietary habit, eating disorder and needs for nutrition education programs by weight control attempts among female college students. J Korean Soc for Study of Obesity 13: 248-257. Kim MH, Bae YJ, Sung CJ (2006) A evaluation study on nutrient intake and diet quality of male college students according to pack-year in Korea. Korea J Nutr 39: 572-584. Kim MK, Lee GC (2006) Weight reduction dieting survey and satisfaction degree and diet related knowledge among adult women by age. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 35: 572-582. Kim MO, Eun JG, Chang UJ (2009) Recognition of body weight and body part satisfaction in female college students. Korean J Food & Nutr 22: 205-214. Kim SH (1995) Dietary patterns of university female students in Kongju city: Comparisons among subgroups devided by residence type. Korean J Nutr 28: 653-674. Kim WY, Cho MS, Lee HS (2003) Development and validation of mini dietary assessment index for Koreans. Korean J Nutr 36: 83-92. Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey (2012) Ministry of Health and Welfare.
25(1): 49 63 (2015) 63 Korean Statistical Information Service(KOSIS) (2008) Korea. Korean statistical information service(kosis) (2012) Korea. Kromhout D (1983) Energy and macronutrient intake in lean and obese middle-aged men (the Zutphen study). Am J Clin Nutr 37: 295-299. Lee BS, Lee YS (1996) A study on the nutrient intake and eating behaviors of the 3 groups. Korean J Food & Nutr 9: 441-446. Lee HC, Choi JM, Son LS, Song JI (1997) A study on the body fatness and lifestyles of university students. J Korean Soc for Study of Obesity 6: 169-184. Lee HJ, Choi MR, Koo JO (2005) A study of body image, weight control and dietary habits with different BMI in female high school students. Korean J Comm Nutr 10: 805-813. Lee JE, Park HR (2003) Body-related attitude, self-esteem and eating attitude in undergraduate students. J Korean Acad Psych Mental Health Nurs 12: 602-611. Lee SH, Chang (2007) Effectiveness of nutrition education on dietary habits and diet quality in the weight loss and weight gain groups in college women. Korean J Nutr 40: 463-474. Lee SH, Kim WY (1991) Relationship of habitual alcohol consumption to the nutritional status in middle aged men. Korean J Nutr 24: 58-65. Lim JY, Rha HB (2007) Weight control and associated factors among health-related major female college students in Seoul. Korean J Comm Nutr 12: 247-258. Nam JH, Lee SJ, Kim HJ (2014) Correlation of earing disorders on BMI of college women in Gyeong-gi province. Korea J Food & Nutr 27: 80-88. Nunez C, Carbajal A, Moreiras O (1998) Body mass index and desire of weight loss in a group of young women. Nutr Hosp 13: 172-176. Pak SJ, Son CN (2002) The effects of cognitive behavior therapy on body image esteem, self-esteem, and depression of college women with negative body image. Korean J Health Psychology 7: 335-351. Rhee JH (2007) A study on effects of somatotypes and stress on body cathexis and preferences of clothing image. J Costume Culture 15: 1084-1099. Shin KO, An CH, Hwang HJ, Choi KS, Chung KH (2009) Effect of smoking and drinking habits on the nutrient in- takes and health of middle and high school boy students. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 38: 694-708. Shin KO, Choi KS (2014) A study on the health status, and nutrient intakes according to body mass index of college men in Seoul area. Korean J Food & Nutr 27: 507-521. Shin KO, Chung KH (2010) Comparative study of dietary habits, mini dietary assessment scores, and health interest between female students in the department of food and nutrition and other departments, Sahmyook University. J East Asian Soc Dietary Life 20: 341-351. Strong KA, Parks SL, Anderson E, Winett R, Davy BM (2008) Weight gain prevention: identifying theory-based targets for health behavior change in young adults. J Am Diet Assoc 108: 1708-1715. Sung MH (2005) Relationship among eating disorders, physical symptoms and self-esteem among college women. J Korean Soc Matern Child Health 9: 155-166. The Korean Nutrition Society (2010) Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans. Seoul, Korea. p 21. Williamson DF, Forman MR, Binkin NJ, Gentry EM, Remington PL, Trowbridge FL (1987) Alcohol and body weight in United States adults. Am J Public Health 77: 1324-1330. World Health Organization (2000) Obesity. Preventing and Ma- naging the Global Endemic. WHO Technical Report Series no 894. WHO, Geneva. Yoon GA (2004) The relation of educational level and life-style behaviors to obesity in adult males. Korean J Nutr 37: 385-393. Yoon HS (2006) An assessment on the dietary attitudes, stress level and nutrient intakes by food record of food and nutri- tion major female university students. Korean J Nutr 39: 145-159. Yu CH, Lee JS (2004) A study on the nutritional status accor- ding to body mass index in Korean college women. Korean J Nutr 37: 899-907. Yu HH, Nam JE, Kim IS (2003) A study of the nutritional intake and health condition of female college students as related to their frequency of eating breakfast. Korean J Comm Nutr 8: 964-976. Date Received Date Revised Date Accepted Dec. 8, 2014 Feb. 27, 2015 Feb. 28, 2015