<4D F736F F D E33BEF3B1BC20C0CEBDC4BFA120C0C7C7D120B0A2BCBAB5B520C3F8C1A4BFA120B0FCC7D120BFACB1B82E646F63>

Similar documents
<4D F736F F D20342E3220B9CCB5F0BEEEBDBAC5B2C0C720B0A8BCBA20C0CEC5CDB7A2BCC720BFE4BCD2BFA120B0FCC7D120BFACB1B82E646F63>


ๆญฏ1.PDF

012์ž„์ˆ˜์ง„

., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994), () 65, 4 51, (,, ). 33, 4 30, 23 3 (, ) () () 25, (),,,, (,,, 2015b). 1 5,

<31372DB9CCB7A1C1F6C7E22E687770>

ๆญฏ5-2-13(์ „๋ฏธํฌ์™ธ).PDF

,,,.,,,, (, 2013).,.,, (,, 2011). (, 2007;, 2008), (, 2005;,, 2007).,, (,, 2010;, 2010), (2012),,,.. (, 2011:,, 2012). (2007) 26%., (,,, 2011;, 2006;

232 ๋„์‹œํ–‰์ •ํ•™๋ณด ์ œ25์ง‘ ์ œ4ํ˜ธ I. ์„œ ๋ก  1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์  ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์›ํ™”๋ ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์„ฑ์˜ ์š”์†Œ๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋‹ค์› ํ™”์™€ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜„๋Œ€ํ™”๋œ ๋„์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ, ์‚ฌํšŒ, ์ •์น˜ ๋“ฑ์ด ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ ๊ณ„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด ํŠน

*..,.,. 1), 2), 3) 8:0, 7:1, 6:2, 5:3, 4:4, 3:5, 2:6, 1:7, 0:8 9. /, /, / 2 (two alternative forced choice task).,. (nonlinear data fitting), (point o

27 2, 17-31, , * ** ***,. K 1 2 2,.,,,.,.,.,,.,. :,,, : 2009/08/19 : 2009/09/09 : 2009/09/30 * 2007 ** *** ( :

09รˆยซยผยฎยฟยต 5~152s

์„œ๋ก  34 2



ๆญฏ14.์–‘๋ˆ๊ทœ.hwp

27 2, 1-16, * **,,,,. KS,,,., PC,.,,.,,. :,,, : 2009/08/12 : 2009/09/03 : 2009/09/30 * ** ( :

Analysis of objective and error source of ski technical championship Jin Su Seok 1, Seoung ki Kang 1 *, Jae Hyung Lee 1, & Won Il Son 2 1 yong in Univ

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp DOI: IPA * Analysis of Perc

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI: : * Research Subject

,......

#รˆยฒยฟรซยผยฎ

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp DOI: (NCS) Method of Con

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp DOI: * Experiences of Af


์ €์ž‘์žํ‘œ์‹œ - ๋น„์˜๋ฆฌ - ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๊ธˆ์ง€ 2.0 ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ ์ด์šฉ์ž๋Š”์•„๋ž˜์˜์กฐ๊ฑด์„๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š”๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—ํ•œํ•˜์—ฌ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ด์ €์ž‘๋ฌผ์„๋ณต์ œ, ๋ฐฐํฌ, ์ „์†ก, ์ „์‹œ, ๊ณต์—ฐ๋ฐ๋ฐฉ์†กํ• ์ˆ˜์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ๊ฐ™์€์กฐ๊ฑด์„๋”ฐ๋ผ์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค : ์ €์ž‘์žํ‘œ์‹œ. ๊ท€ํ•˜๋Š”์›์ €์ž‘์ž๋ฅผํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„์˜๋ฆฌ. ๊ท€ํ•˜๋Š”์ด์ €์ž‘๋ฌผ์„์˜๋ฆฌ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ์ด์šฉํ• 

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

Analyses the Contents of Points per a Game and the Difference among Weight Categories after the Revision of Greco-Roman Style Wrestling Rules Han-bong

์„œ๋ก 

(JH)

03ยฑรจร€รงรˆร–ยพรˆรยคร…ร‚

๋‚ด์ง€-2๋„๋ป‚

์˜์ƒ5์›”_ํŽผ์นจ๋ฉด

Microsoft Word - P02.doc

2017 ์น˜์•ˆ์ •์ฑ…์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ œ 31 ๊ถŒ์ œ 1 ํ˜ธ Police Science Institute

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

04์„œ์ข…์ฒ fig.6(121~131)ok


(JBE Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2016) (Regular Paper) 21 1, (JBE Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2016) ISSN 228

Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., ๋ผ์ดํ”„์Šคํƒ€์ผ์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ƒํ™œ์— ์žˆ์–ด ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ๋ฌธํ™”์  ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋ชจ๋“  ์ธก๋ฉด์˜ ์ƒํ™œ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ์ฐจ์ด ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ผ์ดํ”„์Šค ํƒ€์ผ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋‚ด์žฌ๋œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ด€์ด๋‚˜ ์š•๊ตฌ, ํ–‰๋™ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์—ฌ ์†Œ๋น„ํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜

Microsoft PowerPoint - 27.pptx

[ ์˜์–ด์˜๋ฌธํ•™ ] ์ œ 55 ๊ถŒ 4 ํ˜ธ (2010) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1) Kyuchul Yoon, Ji-Yeon Oh & Sang-Cheol Ahn. Teaching English prosody through English poems with clon

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI: * Review of Research

1. ์„œ๋ก  1-1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๋ชฉ์  1-2 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๋ฒ”์œ„ 2. ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ ๊ฒŒ์ž„ ์„œ๋น„์Šค 2-1 ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ ๊ฒŒ์ž„ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ์ •์˜ 2-2 ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ ๊ฒŒ์ž„ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ํŠน์ง• 2-3 ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ ๊ฒŒ์ž„ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ์‹œ์žฅ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ 2-4 ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ ๊ฒŒ์ž„ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 2-5 ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ ๊ฒŒ์ž„ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์—


Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: * A Analysis of

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI: NCS : * A Study on

106 ํ†ต๊ถŒ ์ œ12 ํ˜ธ (2012) ์ œ์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ผ๋Š” ์™ธ๋ถ€์ ์ธ ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ- ์‹๋ฏผํ™”์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ๋…ธ์ •ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  4 3์ด๋‚˜ 5 18๊ณผ ๋น„๊ต ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทผ๋Œ€ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ๋ฆฝ ์ „์˜ ์กฐ์„ ๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ์„ ํฌ๊ด„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ผ๋ณธ๊ตฐ์œ„์•ˆ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฒ•์  ์–ธ์–ด๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ฃผ์˜, ๋ฏผ์กฑ์ฃผ์˜,

untitled

ๅคงๅญฆ๏ผ”ๅนด็”Ÿใฎๆญฃ็คพๅ“กๅ†…ๅฎš่ฆๅ› ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ๅฎŸ่จผๅˆ†ๆž

ํ•œ๊ตญ์„ฑ์ธ์—์„œ์ดˆ๊ธฐํ™ฉ๋ฐ˜๋ณ€์„ฑ์งˆํ™˜๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋œ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

, ( ) 1) *.. I. (batch). (production planning). (downstream stage) (stockout).... (endangered). (utilization). *

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI: The Effect of Caree

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

278 ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐํ•™์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ œ 12 ๊ถŒ์ œ 3 ํ˜ธ ( ํ†ต๊ถŒ์ œ 31 ํ˜ธ )

2009;21(1): (1777) 49 (1800 ),.,,.,, ( ) ( ) 1782., ( ). ( ) 1,... 2,3,4,5.,,, ( ), ( ),. 6,,, ( ), ( ),....,.. (, ) (, )

12์ด๋ฌธ๊ทœ

์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๊ฐ์„ฑ ๊ฐ์„ฑ์š”๊ตฌ๊ณก์„  ํ‰๊ท ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋Š”์ˆ˜์ค€ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์š”๊ตฌ๊ณก์„  ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๋ณด๋‹ค๊ฐ์„ฑ๊ฐ€์น˜์—๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ˆ์ฆˆ๊ฐ€์ฆ๋Œ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ - 1 -

Kbcs002.hwp

ํŠน์ˆ˜๊ต์œก๋…ผ์ด * ,,,,..,..,, 76.7%.,,,.,,.. * 1. **

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 10, Oct ,,. 0.5 %.., cm mm FR4 (ฮต r =4.4)

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

09๊ถŒ์˜ค์„ค_ok.hwp


11ยนรšร‡รฝยทร‰

์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๊ฐํ™”์™€ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋™์‹œ์— ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„์™€ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹œ๋„๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด„์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์†Œ์…œ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์˜ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. 2์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ์ธ MLBPark ๊ฒŒ์‹œํŒ

<30382E20B1C7BCF8C0E720C6EDC1FD5FC3D6C1BEBABB2E687770>

ร€ยฑยฝร‚ยฟรญ รƒรขยทร‚

12รˆยซยฑรขยผยฑยฟรœ339~370

(5์ฐจ ํŽธ์ง‘).hwp

<C7D1B1B9C7D0BFACB1B820C1A63336C1FD28BABBB9AE E687770>

Can032.hwp

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI: * Suggestions of Ways

Research subject change trend analysis of Journal of Educational Information and Media Studies : Network text analysis of the last 20 years * The obje

์ด์šฉ์„ ๋ฐ•ํ™˜์šฉ - ๋ฒ ์ด๋น„๋ถ€๋จธ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฃผํƒ์œ ํ˜• ์„ ํƒ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ.hwp

ํšจํ•™์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ œ ํ˜ธ ๋ชฉ ์ฐจ ์ธ์„ฑ๊ต์œก์˜ ์œ„๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋ฌธํ™” ์ •๋ฒ”๋ชจ ๊ธฐ๋…๊ต์œ„์ž„์ฒด๊ณ„์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์˜ ํšจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ•์ฒ ํ˜ธ ์„ฑ๊ฒฝ์  ํšจ์‚ฌ์ƒ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊น€์‹œ์šฐ ์‚ผ๊ตญ์œ ์‚ฌ ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด๋ณธ ์‚ผ๊ตญ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ํšจ๋ฌธํ™” ๊น€๋•๊ท  ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์‹œ๋Œ€ ํšจํ•™์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ๊ณผ ์—ญํ•  ์„œ์€์ˆ™ ๊ณ ๋ นํ™” ์‚ฌํšŒ์™€ ์ถœ์‚ฐ์žฅ๋ ค์ •์ฑ…์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ ๋…ธ์ธ์˜ ์žฌํ˜ผ๊ณผ์ •

์•„ํƒœ์—ฐ๊ตฌ(์†ก์„์›) hwp

14.์ด๋™์ฒœ๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜์ˆ˜์ •

๋ถ€๋ฌธ๋ณ„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์› ์ˆ˜์š”์˜ ๋ณ€๋™ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๊ณตํ†ต๋ณ€๋™์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์‹œ์  ์š”์ธ๋“ค์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ ๋ถ„์„

๋ณด๊ณ ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋˜ Deep Learning๊ณผ OpenCV๋ฅผ์ด์šฉํ•œ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๊ณผ์ •์—๋Œ€ํ•ด๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผํ•ด๋ณผ์ˆ˜์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ๋”๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ Deep Learning๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ๋งŽ์€๋„์›€์„๋ฐ›์„์ˆ˜์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ์•„์ง๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š”๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์žˆ๋Š”์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”๊ธฐ์กด์˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•ด๋ณด๋Š”๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ํฐ๋ฐœ์ „์ด์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ์ด๋ฒˆ DSP์Šค๋งˆ

09๊ตฌ์ž์šฉ(489~500)

๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ๊ฐ€์ •์˜ ๋ถ€๋ชจ

04( ) CPLV14-28.hwp

. 45 1,258 ( 601, 657; 1,111, 147). Cronbach ฮฑ=.67.95, 95.1%, Kappa.95.,,,,,,.,...,.,,,,.,,,,,.. :,, ( )

<BFA9BAD02DB0A1BBF3B1A4B0ED28C0CCBCF6B9FC2920B3BBC1F62E706466>

REP - CP - 016, N OVEMBER ์‚ฌ์ง„ ์š”์•ฝ 25 ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ƒ‰์ƒ Surf ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ง„ ์š”์•ฝ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ์ง„ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ Photo Summarization - Representative Photo Selection based on 25 Color Hi

Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., ๋ฐ ์ž์•„์กด์ค‘๊ฐ๊ณผ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์™€๋„ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋งŒ์กฑ ์ •๋„ ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™œ์—๋„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์‹ ์ฒด๋Š” ๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ฐœ ์ธ์ , ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(์•ˆํฌ์ง„, 2010). ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์™ธ๋ชจ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์‹ ์ฒด๋Š” ํƒ€

ร€รŒร€รงยฟรซ รƒรขยทร‚

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI: * The Effect of Paren

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp DOI: A Study on the Opti

09๋ฐ•์ข…์ง„_ok.hwp

<372E20B9DAC0B1C8F12DB0E62E687770>

๋ชฉ ์ฐจ 1. ์„œ๋ก  1.1. ๋ฌธ์ œ์ œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชฉ์  1.2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 2. ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 2.1. ์‹ ํ™”๋ก ๊ณผ ๋กค๋ž‘๋ฐ”๋ฅดํŠธ์˜ ์ดํ•ด 2.2. ์—๋‹ˆ์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์ดํ•ด 3. ๋ถ„์„ 3.1. ์•„์ด์–ธ๋งจ 3.2. ์บกํ‹ด ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด 3.3. ํ—ํฌ 3.4. ํ† ๋ฅด 3.5. ๋ธ”๋ž™ ์œ„๋„์šฐ 3.6.

4๋ฒˆ.hwp

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

30์ด์ง€์€.hwp

Kinematic analysis of success strategy of YANG Hak Seon technique Joo-Ho Song 1, Jong-Hoon Park 2, & Jin-Sun Kim 3 * 1 Korea Institute of Sport Scienc

* ** *** ****

1..

975_983 ํŠน์ง‘-ํ•œ๊ทœ์ฒ , ์ •์›ํ˜ธ

Transcription:

์–ผ๊ตด์ธ์‹์—์˜ํ•œ๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„์ธก์ •์—๊ด€ํ•œ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ•์žฌ์–ธ 1 ํ™ฉ๋ฏผ์ฒ  2 ๊น€์šฉ์šฐ 3 ๊น€์ง€ํ˜œ 3 ๋ฌธ์„ฑ์ฒ  1 ์กฐ๋ด‰ํ™” 1 1 ์ƒ๋ช…๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๊ฐ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ / 2 ์ƒ๋ช…๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋””์ง€ํ„ธ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด / 3 ์ƒ๋ช…๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ณผํ•™๊ณผ amiru84@naver.com, whang@smu.ac.kr, kimyongwoogo@nate.com, kjhlolo84@naver.com, anstjdcjf33@naver.com, efudeer@naver.com ์ค€ํšŒ์›, ์ •ํšŒ์›, ์ค€ํšŒ์›, ์ค€ํšŒ์›, ์ค€ํšŒ์›, ์ค€ํšŒ์› A study on the measurement of arousal level by face movement Jae Un Park 1, Min Cheol Whang 2, Yong Woo Kim 3, Ji Hye Kim 3, Sung Chul Mun 1, Bong Hwa Jo 1 1 Department of Emotional Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 110-743 2 Department of Digital Media, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 110-743 3 Department of Computer Science, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 110-743 ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to define emotions in the degree of arousal by distinguishing the specific features in facial expressions. A web camera was used to obtain images for extracting the coordinates of features in eyes, eyebrows, and mouths. Seven major factors that dictated the degree of arousal were drawn out by calculating the distances and angles of the coordinates. Of the factors, five factors were finally determined by a pre-test. Mapping the data in facial expressions onto subjective evaluations was tried to elevate the validity. Participants were three undergraduates of Sangmyung University, not visually handicapped. Two sets of relaxing and arousing movies were presented to each subject. Each movie popped up on the screen in order of relaxing, arousing, relaxing, and arousing movies every 90 seconds with rest for 70 seconds. The degrees of arousal in their facial expressions changed by the stimuli were measured. Each participant was asked to score what they felt in the degree of arousal. The rating was on a 1-to-7 Likert scale. Then, the two data was compared by drawing a matrix. The concordant rate of 75% between facial expressions and subjective evaluations was confirmed. This study was significant in that the approach to analyzing the degree of arousal in facial expressions and to comparing it with subjective judgments was carried out. The result gained from this study is expected to help define emotions in the degree of arousal. More studies on facial expressions of emotions in the aspects of valence and arousal dimensions should be followed in the future. Keywords: Arousal, Face movement, Recognition, Emotion, Russell, Ekman ๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š”์ง€์‹๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ถ€์˜ ๋ฉ€ํ‹ฐ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์ธํ„ฐ๋ž™์…˜์ง€์›๋ฉ€ํ‹ฐ๋ฒ„์Šค๊ฒŒ์ž„ํ”Œ๋žซํผ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ (10032108) ์˜์ง€์›์„ํ†ตํ•ด์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

1. ์„œ๋ก  2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์–ผ๊ตด์˜ํ‘œ์ •์€์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜๊ฐ์„ฑ๋ฟ๋งŒ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผํฌํ•จํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์˜์ˆ˜๋‹จ์˜ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์–ด์ ธ์™”๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ HCI๋‚˜๋กœ๋ด‡๊ณตํ•™๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„์–ผ๊ตด์ธ์‹์„ํ†ตํ•œ๊ฐ์„ฑ์ธ์‹์ด์ฃผ์š”๊ด€์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋กœ๋ถ€๊ฐ๋˜๊ณ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •์€์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋น„์ „์„ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์˜์ƒ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์ธ์‹๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ๋ชจ๋ธ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์ธ์‹๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋‹ค [1]. ์˜์ƒ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์—์„œ๋Š”์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ํ™”์†Œ๊ฐ’์˜ํŠน์ง•๋“ค์„ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ PCA๋ฅผ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ PCA ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— LDA๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„์‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š”๋“ฑ์˜๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„๋งŽ์ด์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค [2]. ๋ชจ๋ธ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์—์„œ๋Š” HMM์ด๋‚˜ AAM์„์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌํŠน์ง•์ ์„์ฐพ์•„ํŠน์ง•์ ๊ฐ„์˜๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌํ‘œ์ •์„์ธ์‹ํ•œ๋‹ค [3]. ๋ณธ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š”์–ผ๊ตด์˜ํŠน์ง•์ ์„์ฐพ์•„ Ekman ๊ณผ Friesen ์ด์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋˜ FACS(Face Action Coding System) ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์—์„œ์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š”์š”์†Œ์ธ AU(Action Unit) ๋“ค์ค‘์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •๋ณ€ํ™”์—๋งŽ์€์˜ํ–ฅ์„์ฃผ๋Š”์š”์†Œ 7๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ์ด๋“ค์˜์กฐํ•ฉ์„ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ์–ผ๊ตด์„์ธ์‹ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค [4]. ๊ธฐ์กด Ekman ์˜ FACS ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์€์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€๋„์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜์–ด์ง€๊ณ ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œ์ผœ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ณ ์žˆ๋‹ค. Pantic ์ด๊ฐœ์„ ๋œ AU์™€ FACS ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„์ œ์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ๋ณธ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” Pantic ์˜์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •์„์ธ์‹ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค [5]. Pantic ์˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋„๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด์–ผ๊ตด์ธ์‹ํ›„์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๊ฐ์„ฑ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋Š” Ekman ์ด์ œ์‹œํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ฐ์„ฑ (Happy, Sad, Anger, Fear, Surprise, Disgust) ์—๋”ฐ๋ผํ‘œ์ •๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฅผํ•˜๊ณ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜์ •ํ™•์„ฑ๋งŒ์„์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋‹ค. Ekman ์˜๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ฐ์„ฑ์—๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”๋งŽ์€์˜๋ฌธ์ด์ œ๊ธฐ๋˜์–ด์™”๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์ค‘ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” Ekman ์˜๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ฐ์„ฑ์€๊ธ์ •์˜๊ฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ถ€์ •์˜๊ฐ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜๋‰˜์—ˆ์„๋•Œ๋ถ€์ •์˜๊ฐ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœํŽธํ–ฅ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š”์ ์ด๊ณ , ๋˜ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”๊ฐ์„ฑ๋“ค์‚ฌ์ด์˜๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ๋„์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด์žˆ์„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€์žˆ์Œ์—๋„๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ ์ด๊ฐ์„ฑ๋“ค์„๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ๊ฐ์„ฑ์ฐจ์›์œผ๋กœํ•ด์„ํ•˜๊ณ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค [6]. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š”์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •์—๋”ฐ๋ผ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š”๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ๊ฐ์„ฑ๋“ค์—๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๊ฐ์„ฑ๊ฐ„์˜์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ๊นŒ์ง€์„ค๋ช…์ด๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ๊ฐ์„ฑ-์ด์™„, ์พŒ-๋ถˆ์พŒ์˜๋‘์ถ•์œผ๋กœ์จ๊ฐ์„ฑ์„์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š”์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ณธ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š”๊ฐ์„ฑ์ธ์‹์—๊ด€ํ•œ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜์ผํ™˜์œผ๋กœ์จ FACS ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ํ†ตํ•ด์ธ์‹๋œ์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •์˜๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„์ธก์ •์„์œ„ํ•œ๋ฃฐ์„์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์—ฌ๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋™์‹œ์—์ฃผ๊ด€ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผํ†ตํ•ดํ‘œ์ •์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„์˜์‹ค์ œ๋Š๊ปด์ง€๋Š”๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„์™€์ผ์น˜์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋Š”๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค 2.1 ์ธก์ •ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธก์ •ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ National Instrument ์‚ฌ์˜ LabVIEW 8.6.1 ๊ณผ LabVIEW VISION 8.6.1 ์„์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2. ์ธก์ •ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์ œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ Web ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ๋Š” Logitech QuickCam Communicate STX๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ €์ธก์ •ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋Š”๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ธก์ •ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€์˜์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๊ณผ์ •์ดํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •์ด์ดฌ์˜๋˜์–ด์˜์ƒ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€์ž…๋ ฅ๋˜๋ฉด๊ทธ๋ ˆ์ด์Šค์ผ€์ผ๋กœ๋ณ€ํ™˜๋˜์–ด์ง€๊ณ ์ด๋ฅผ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ์ด์ง„ํ™”๊ฐ€์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„๋‹ค. ์ด์ง„ํ™”๊ฐ€์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€์˜์ƒ์€๋‹ค์‹œ๋ชจํด๋กœ์ง€์—ฐ์‚ฐ์„ํ†ตํ•ดํŠน์ง•์ ์ถ”์ถœ์„์ข€๋”๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒํ• ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋„๋กํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธํ›„ LabVIEW ์—์„œ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” Clamp VI๋ฅผํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ๋ˆˆ์น, ๋ˆˆ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ž…์˜ํŠน์ง•์ ์„์ถ”์ถœํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ธก์ •ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€์ „์ˆ ํ•œ๋ฐ”์™€๊ฐ™์ด FACS ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ํ†ตํ•ด์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •์„์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ ๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผ์ธก์ •ํ• ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋„๋ก์ œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ํฌ๊ฒŒ๋‘๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋จผ์ €, ์ถ•์˜์ •์˜๋ฅผ์œ„ํ•ด Russell ์˜ Circumplex Model ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๊ฐ€์žฅ๊ฐ์„ฑ์ธ ๋†€๋žŒ ์˜ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€๊ฐ€์žฅ์ด์™„์ธ ์กธ๋ฆฐ ์˜ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ์ถ”์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ œ์‹œํ•œํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์—๋Œ€ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ด€์„ค๋ฌธ์„๋ฐ›์•„ Russell ์˜ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์—๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ๋‹ค์‹œํ•œ๋ฒˆ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ œ์‹œํ•œํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์—ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š”ํ‘œ์ •์„์ง“๋„๋กํ•˜์—ฌ์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •์—์„œ 18๊ฐœ์˜ํŠน์ง•์ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผํš๋“ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํš๋“๋œํŠน์ง•์ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” FACS ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์˜ AU ์—๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•˜์—ฌ์ฃผ์š”์š”์†Œ๋กœ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋˜์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค. AU๋Š”๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„์ธก์ •์˜์š”์†Œ๋กœ์„œ๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„์™€๊ด€๋ จ์žˆ๋Š” 7๊ฐ€์ง€์ฃผ์š”์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ ๊ทธ์ค‘์‚ฌ์ „์‹คํ—˜์„ํ†ตํ•ด๊ฐ€์žฅ๊ด€๋ จ์žˆ๋Š” 5๊ฐ€์ง€์˜์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€์ตœ์ข…์„ ์ •๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ์š”์†Œ๋กœ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋˜์–ด์ง€๊ธฐ์ด์ „์˜ํŠน์ง•์ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šคํ™”ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ฃผ์š”์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ์ •๊ทœํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ์ •๊ทœํ™”๋ฅผ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ์ถ•์˜๊ทน์ขŒํ‘œ๋ฅผ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์„ฑ์ถ•์˜๊ทน์ขŒํ‘œ๋Š”์ „์ˆ ํ•œ ๋†€๋žŒ ๊ณผ ์กธ๋ฆฐ ์˜ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์—ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š”ํ‘œ์ •์œผ๋กœ์ •์˜ํ• ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์ด๋‘ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š”๊ฐ€์žฅ๊ฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ์ด์™„๋œ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ฐ€์ •ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ์•ž์„œ์ •์˜๋œ์ถ•์„๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š”ํ˜„์žฌํ‘œ์ •์˜๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š”ํ‘œ์ •๋˜ํ•œ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค๋ฅผ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•œํ›„์ฃผ์š”์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ๋ฝ‘์•„์ •๊ทœํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ์•ž์„œ์ •์˜๋œ์ถ•์—์˜ํ•ด๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์˜๊ทธ๋ฆผ์€ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๊ณผ๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„๋ฃฐ์—๊ด€ํ•œ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ’๋ณด๋‹ค์˜ˆ์™ธ์ ์œผ๋กœํŠ€๋Š”๊ฐ’์„์žก์•„์ค„์ˆ˜์žˆ๋„๋ก์˜ˆ์™ธ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 2.2 ์‹คํ—˜์‹คํ—˜์€ํ˜„์žฌ์˜์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •์œผ๋กœ์ธ์‹๋œ๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„์™€์ฃผ๊ด€ํ‰๊ฐ€์™€์˜์ผ์น˜์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ”ผ์‹คํ—˜์ž๋ฅผ๊ณ ์ •์‹œํ‚จํ›„ 4๊ฐ€์ง€์˜์˜์ƒ์ž๊ทน์„์ œ์‹œํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ์ž๊ทน์—๋Œ€ํ•œ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์˜๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜์˜์ˆœ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5. ์‹คํ—˜์ˆœ์„œํ‘œ์„œ๋Š”๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ €์ž๊ทน์—์•ž์„œํ”ผ์‹คํ—˜์ž์˜๊ฐ์„ฑ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ 30์ดˆ๋™์•ˆํšŒ์ƒ‰์˜๋ฐ”ํƒ•ํ™”๋ฉด์„์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์˜์ƒ์ž๊ทน์„ 90์ดˆ๋™์•ˆ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋˜๊ณ ์˜์ƒ์ž๊ทน์ด๋๋‚˜๋ฉดํ”ผ์‹คํ—˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ์„ค๋ฌธ์„ 10์ดˆ๋™์•ˆ๋ฐ›๋„๋กํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธํ›„ํ”ผ์‹คํ—˜์ž์˜๊ฐ์„ฑ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์œผ๋กœํš๋ณต์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”ํœด์‹์˜๊ณผ์ •์ด 30์ดˆ๋™์•ˆ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋ฉฐ์ด์™€๊ฐ™์€์‹คํ—˜์ด 4ํšŒ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜์–ด 4๊ฐ€์ง€์˜์ž๊ทน์—๋Œ€ํ•ด๋ชจ๋‘์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋œ๋‹ค. 2.2.1 ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ค์ • ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจํ™”๋ฉด H 0 : ์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š”๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„๋Š”์ฃผ๊ด€์„ค๋ฌธ์˜๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„์™€์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์ง€์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. H 1 : ์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š”๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„๋Š”์ฃผ๊ด€์„ค๋ฌธ์˜๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„์™€์ผ์น˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ, ์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •์˜๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„๋Š” +20์  ~ -20์ ์ด๋ฉฐ์ฃผ๊ด€์„ค๋ฌธ์˜๊ฒฝ์šฐ 7์ ์ฒ™๋„๋กœ์„œํ™•์ธ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค. 2.2.2 ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4. ์–ผ๊ตดํŠน์ง•์ ๊ณผ Action Unit ์„ํ†ตํ•œ๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„๋ฃฐํ˜„์žฌ์˜์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •์ด์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ ์œผ๋กœ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ž๋‚˜๋ฏธ์„ธํ•œ์›€์ง์ž„์œผ๋กœ์ธํ•œ๋‚œ์ˆ˜๋ฐœ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ ์ˆ˜์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ๋‚œ์ˆ˜์ผ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 0์œผ๋กœ์จ๊ฐ’์„์ค‘๋ฆฝ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”๊ฒƒ๊ณผํ‰๊ท  ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ๊ฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ์ด์™„์˜์˜์ƒ์ž๊ทน์ด๊ฐ๊ฐ 2๊ฐœ์”ฉ์„ ์ •๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์„ฑ์˜์˜์ƒ์ž๊ทน์œผ๋กœํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”๊ธฐ์ธ๋“ค์ด๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š”์‹ ๊ธฐํ•œ์˜์ƒ์œผ๋กœ๋†€๋ž„์ˆ˜์žˆ๋„๋กํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋‹ค๋ฅธํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”์พŒ๊ฐ์˜๊ฐ์„ฑ์„๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•œ์›ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š”์˜์ƒ์„์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์™„์˜์˜์ƒ์ž๊ทน์œผ๋กœํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”์ž”์ž”ํ•œ์Œ์•…๊ณผํ•จ๊ป˜์•„์ฟ ์•„๋ฆฌ์›€์˜์˜์ƒ์ด์ œ์‹œ๋˜๊ณ , ๋‹ค๋ฅธํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”ํ‰์˜จํ•œ์Œ์•…๊ณผํ•จ๊ป˜์ž์—ฐํ’๊ฒฝ์˜์˜์ƒ์ด์ œ์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์ƒ์ž๊ทน์€๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

์ด์™„ -12.064333 ์ด์™„ 1 ์ด์™„ A ๊ฐ์„ฑ -3.1428571 ์ด์™„ 5 ๊ฐ์„ฑ ์ด์™„ -11.563636 ์ด์™„ 1 ์ด์™„ ๊ฐ์„ฑ 6.4727272 ๊ฐ์„ฑ 5 ๊ฐ์„ฑ ์ด์™„ -3.556543 ์ด์™„ 1 ์ด์™„ B ๊ฐ์„ฑ 1.742267857 ๊ฐ์„ฑ 5 ๊ฐ์„ฑ ์ด์™„ 8.031277 ๊ฐ์„ฑ 3 ์ด์™„ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6. ๊ฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ์ด์™„์˜์˜์ƒ์ž๊ทน C ๊ฐ์„ฑ 8.055777 ๊ฐ์„ฑ 5 ๊ฐ์„ฑ ์ด์™„ -0.404210 ์ด์™„ 1 ์ด์™„ ๊ฐ์„ฑ 3.260836 ๊ฐ์„ฑ 6 ๊ฐ์„ฑ ์ด์™„ -3.812415094 ์ด์™„ 1 ์ด์™„ ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” 4๊ฐ€์ง€์˜์ƒ์ž๊ทน์—๋”ฐ๋ผ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š”์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •์˜๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„์™€์ฃผ๊ด€์„ค๋ฌธ์„ํ†ตํ•ด๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š”๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„์ด๋‹ค. 2.2.3 ์‹คํ—˜๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์‹คํ—˜์€์ธก์ •ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ์ ์šฉํ•œ 5๊ฐ€์ง€์š”์†Œ๋กœ์„œ์ธก์ •์ด๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ๊ฐ€๋ฅผํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ 3๋ช… ( ํ‰๊ท ๋‚˜์ด : 28.7 ์„ธ, ํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ : 0.47) ์„๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ์‹คํ—˜์‹œ๊ฐ„์€๋ ˆํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผํš๋“ํ›„์ž๊ทน์—๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฐ˜์‘๊ณผ์„ค๋ฌธ์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ 10๋ถ„์˜์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด์†Œ์š”๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 17 Wide LCD ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ฅผ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ๋ฅผ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ณ ์•‰๋„๋กํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์„ฑ -1.123722 ์ด์™„ 5 ๊ฐ์„ฑ์ด์™„์ž๊ทน์˜์ผ์น˜์œจ : 83.33% ๊ฐ์„ฑ์ž๊ทน์˜์ผ์น˜์œจ : 66.66% ํ”ผ์‹คํ—˜์ž์˜ํ‘œ์ •๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€์‹คํ—˜์‹œ์—๋”์šฑ์ ๊ฒŒ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„๊ฐ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉดํ‰๊ท  74.99% ์ด๋ผ๋Š”๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„์ผ์น˜์œจ์€์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์€์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€์•„๋‹๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ๊ฐœ์ธ๋ณ„๋กœ์ผ์น˜๋˜๋Š”๊ฐ์„ฑ์—์„œ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 4. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ๋ฐ๊ฒ€ํ†  ๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š”์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •์˜๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„์™€์ฃผ๊ด€์„ค๋ฌธ์—์„œ 2.3 ๋ถ„์„๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋จผ์ €์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •์ธก์ •ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ํ†ตํ•ด๋‚˜์˜จ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ ˆํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค์™€์ž๊ทน์˜์‹œ๊ฐ„์„๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด๋ ˆํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค์™€์ž๊ทน์ด๊ฐ€์žฅ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋˜๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ 30์ดˆ๋ฅผ์ถ”์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ๋ถ„์„์—๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž๊ทน์˜์‹œ๊ฐ„๋‹น๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š”ํ‘œ์ •์˜๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ํ‰๊ท ์„๋‚ด์–ด์ž๊ทน์—๋Œ€ํ•œ๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ ๊ฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ์ด์™„์˜๊ฐ์„ฑ์„ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ์ž๊ทน์˜์ œ์‹œํ›„์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๋Š”์„ค๋ฌธ์„๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž๊ทน์—๋Œ€ํ•œ๊ฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ์ด์™„์˜๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผ 7์ ์ฒ™๋„๋กœ์„œ๊ฐ์„ฑ์„ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ž๊ทน์—ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š”์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •์˜๊ฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ์ฃผ๊ด€์„ค๋ฌธ์˜๊ฐ์„ฑ์˜์ผ์น˜์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ์ธก์ •ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๊ณผ์ฃผ๊ด€์„ค๋ฌธ๊ณผ์˜์ผ์น˜์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด๋‹ค์Œ์˜ํ‘œ 1๊ณผ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ํ‘œ 1. ์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •์˜๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„์™€์ฃผ๊ด€์„ค๋ฌธ์˜์ผ์น˜์—ฌ๋ถ€ ํ”ผ์‹คํ—˜์ž ์ž๊ทน ์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •ํ‰๊ท ์ ์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„ ์ฃผ๊ด€์„ค๋ฌธ ๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š”๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผ๋งตํ•‘์‹œํ‚ด์œผ๋กœ์จ์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •์œผ๋กœ๋„๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผ์ธก์ •ํ• ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •์€๊ณต๊ฐ๊ฐ์ ์ด๋ฉด์„œ๊ฐ•ํ•œ์ž๊ทน์ด์•„๋‹๊ฒฝ์šฐํ‘œ์ •๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€๋šœ๋ ท์ด๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€์•Š๋Š”๋‹จ์ ์ด์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๋ฏธ์„ธํ•œ์–ผ๊ตดํ‘œ์ •์˜๋ณ€ํ™”๋„๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผํŒ๋‹จํ• ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋Š”์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€๋จ์„ํ™•์ธํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ๋ฉ€ํ‹ฐ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์ธ์‹์„ํ• ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋”์ •ํ™•ํ•œ๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„์˜ํŒ๋‹จ์ด๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ• ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„์–ผ๊ตด์ธ์‹์˜๊ฒฝ์šฐ์กฐ๋ช…์ด๋‚˜์–ผ๊ตด์˜๊ฐ๋„, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜์›€์ง์ž„๋“ฑ์˜์ œํ•œ์ ์š”์†Œ๋“ค๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—์ธ์‹์˜์–ด๋ ค์›€์ด์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜์ด๋Ÿฐ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ๊ทน๋ณตํ• ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋Š”์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ํ•จ๊ป˜์ง„ํ–‰๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด๋”๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ์–ป์„์ˆ˜์žˆ์„๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ถ”ํ›„์ด๋ฏธ๊ฒ€์ฆ๋œ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ธ์ƒ๋ฆฌ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผํ†ตํ•œ๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„์ธก์ •์„ํ†ตํ•ด์ธก์ •ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜์ •ํ™•๋„์™€๊ฐ™์€์‹œ๊ฐ„์ผ๋•Œ์˜ํ‘œ์ •์—์„œ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š”๊ฐ์„ฑ์˜์ •๋„์™€์ƒ๋ฆฌ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผํ†ตํ•ด๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š”๊ฐ์„ฑ์˜์ •๋„๋ฅผ๋งตํ•‘ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„์ธก์ •์˜์ •ํ™•๋„๋ฅผํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋Š”์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ์ง„ํ–‰ํ• ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค [7-8]. ๋˜ํ•œ๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœํ–ฅํ›„์พŒ๊ฐ๋„๋ฅผ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ณ ๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„์™€์พŒ๊ฐ๋„๊ฐ€๋™์‹œ์—์ธก์ •๋˜์–ด์ง€๋Š”์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ์พŒ์˜์ถ•์œผ๋กœ์จ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฐ์„ฑ๋“ค์˜์ธ์‹์ด๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋„๋กํ•˜๊ณ ์žํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ

์œคํ˜„์„ญ, ํ•œ์˜์ค€, and ํ•œํ—Œ์ˆ˜, ํ‘œ์ •๋ณ„๊ฐ€๋ฒ„์›จ์ด๋ธ”๋ฆฟ์ฃผ์„ฑ๋ถ„ํŠน์ง•์„์ด์šฉํ•œ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ํ‘œ์ •์ธ์‹์‹œ์Šคํ…œ, ํ•œ๊ตญ์ง€๋Šฅ์‹œ์Šคํ…œํ•™ํšŒ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ง€, 19(6), 821-827, 2009. Gottumukkal, R. and V.K. Asari, An improved face recognition technique based on modular PCA approach, Pattern Recognition Letters, 25(4), 429-436, 2004. ๊ณ ๊ด‘์€ and ์‹ฌ๊ท€๋ณด, AAM ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์ •์„œํŠน์ง•๊ฒ€์ถœ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•๊ฐœ๋ฐœ, ํ•œ๊ตญ์ง€๋Šฅ์‹œ์Šคํ…œํ•™ํšŒ, 2009. Ekman, P. and W. Frisen, Facial Action Coding System:A Technique for the Measurement of Facial Movement, 1978. Pantic, M. and L.J.M. Rothkrantz, Expert system for automatic analysis of facial expressions, Image and Vision Computing, 18(11), 881-905, 2000. Russell, J.A., A circumplex model of affect, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(6), 1161-1178, 1980. ๊ณ ํ•œ์šฐ, ์ด์™„๊ทœ, and ์ด๊ฑด๊ธฐ, ํ”ผ๋ถ€์ „๊ธฐํ™œ๋™๋ณ€ํ™”์—์˜ํ•œ๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„์˜์ธก์ •, ๋Œ€ํ•œ์ „์ž๊ณตํ•™ํšŒ, 1995. ๊น€์น˜์ค‘, ํ™ฉ๋ฏผ์ฒ , ๊น€์ข…ํ™”, ์šฐ์ง„์ฒ , ๊น€์šฉ์šฐ, and ๊น€์ง€ํ˜œ, PPG(Photoplethysmography) ๋ถ„์„์„์ด์šฉํ•œ๊ฐ์„ฑ๋„ํ‰๊ฐ€์—๊ด€ํ•œ์—ฐ๊ตฌ, ๋Œ€ํ•œ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณตํ•™ํšŒ์ง€, 29(1), 113-120, 2010.