ORIGINAL ARTICLE Korean J Clin Lab Sci. 2017;49(4):477-488 https://doi.org/10.15324/kjcls.2017.49.4.477 pissn 1738-3544 eissn 2288-1662 Korean J Clin Lab Sci. Vol. 49, No. 4, December 2017 477 A Study on the Development of Academic Classification System for Biomedical Laboratory Science Bon-Kyeong Koo Department of Laboratory Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea 임상병리검사학의학문분류체계개발을위한연구 구본경 삼성서울병원진단검사의학과 This study presents a discussion on the biomedical laboratory science (formally clinical laboratory science or medical laboratory science) with the identity of biomedical laboratory science, as well as the academic classification system for systematic approach. The field of biomedical laboratory science is not registered in the academic research area classification system of the National Research Foundation of Korea. Since the inception of the first department of biomedical laboratory science in 1963, about 52 departments were since established. Despite the scientific identity, biomedical laboratory science have not been acknowledged professionally in most institutions. Observing the academic research area classification, the physical therapy, occupational therapy, and dental hygiene science are systematically classified and approved the identities by the authorities. This study is freshly academic area classification system of the biomedical laboratory science. The contents of this study are summarized as follows. The medical laboratory technologist s discipline is considered within the medical and science category, clinical pathology in class, and biomedical laboratory science in division. Sections of biomedical laboratory science include hematology, transfusionology, immunology, biochemistry, microbiology, parasitology, genetics, molecular biology, histology, cytology, cardiopulmonary physiology, and neurophysiology. Key words: Academic research area classification, Biomedical laboratory science, Clinical laboratory science, Medical laboratory science, Medical laboratory technologist Corresponding author: Bon-Kyeong Koo Department of Laboratory Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea Tel: 82-2-3410-2691 Fax: 82-2-3410-0022 E-mail: bonkyung.koo@samsung.com This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright 2017 The Korean Society for Clinical Laboratory Science. All rights reserved. Received: October 11, 2017 Revised: October 20, 2017 Accepted: October 24, 2017 서론일반적으로새로운보건의료학문분류체계를도출하기위해서는한국연구재단의학술연구분야분류 ( 종전한국학술진흥재단학문분류와한국과학재단연구활동분류를통합 ) 와국가과학기술표준분류, 한국산업기술평가원의산업기술분류, 한국보건산업진흥원의보건산업분류, 통계청의한국표준산업분류와한국고용직업분류, 한국산업인력공단의국가직무능력표준분류, 한국직업능력개발원의적성별직업분류, 한국도서관협회 의한국십진분류등을활용해야한다 [1]. 한국연구재단학술연구분야분류는학술연구지원사업을효율적으로하기위하여학술연구분야를정리해놓은것이며학술연구지원의관리통계, 대학의연구활동실태등의조사, 연구과제의접수와심사및평가자의선정등에활용되고있다 [2]. 인문학, 사회과학, 자연과학, 공학, 의약학, 농수해양학, 예술체육학의 7개대분류와위의분류중 2개이상이섞여있는복합학을포함하여총 8개의대분류로구분되며, 체계는대분류 - 중분류 - 소분류 - 세분류의체계를가지고있다. 의학의경우, 치의학,
478 Bon-Kyeong Koo. Development of Academic Classification System for Biomedical Laboratory Science 간호학, 한의학, 약학, 수의학과같이대분류의약학에속해있으며중분류에는기초의학 ( 또는의생명과학 ), 임상의학을중심으로구성되어있다 [3]. 임상병리검사학교육의효시는 1958년동산기독병원 ( 이후계명대학교동산의료원 ) 병리기술학교, 세브란스병원 ( 이후연세대학교의과대학부속세브란스병원의학기술수련원 ) 기사양성과정이며최초 2년제개설대학은 1963년수도의과대학병설의학기술초급대학 ( 이후우석대학교병설의학기술초급대학, 고려대학교병설의학기술초급대학, 고려대학교병설보건전문대학 ) 임상병리과, 최초 4년제개설대학은연세대학교원주캠퍼스의과대학보건학과임상병리기술학전공 ( 이후연세대학교보건과학대학임상병리학과 ) 이다 [4]. 최초대학원은계명대학교자연과학대학공중보건학과병리기술학전공으로석사과정은 1987년, 박사과정은 1991년에개설되었다 [4]. 이후학제변화를거쳐 2017년우리나라임상병리검사학을전공하는교육기관은 52개로 3년제대학 26개, 4년제대학 26개가있으며, 대학원은 9개가개설되어있다 [5]. 현재임상병리검사학은양질의변화와성장을통해고유한연구영역과교육체계를구축하고있음에도불구하고, 공식적인한국연구재단학술연구분야분류에포함되어있지않아, 임상병리검사학을학술연구분야의독립된학문으로인정하기어려운실정이다. 학술연구분야분류에등재되어있는임상병리학의경우임상화학, 진단혈액학, 임상미생물학, 진단면역학, 수혈의학, 세포유전학, 진단세포학, 검사정보학, 검사의학, 현장검사학으로구성되어있다. 임상병리검사학은임상병리학, 병리학, 의학유전학, 임상생리학을취급하는독특한학문이다. 지식기반사회와평생학습사회에있어서학문의정체성과중요성이강조되고있으며, 학문은시대적요구와필요에따라범위와관점이바꾸어진다는것이학문에부과된사명이다 [6]. 따라서, 학문의정체성이확립되어야임상병리검사학이발전할수있다. 그러므로현시대의임상병리검사학에관한학문정립이절실히요구된다. 본연구는표준분류체계인연구분류, 학과분류, 직업분류, 도서분류, 학술지분류등을비교분석하여임상병리검사학의학문적이론이기술적, 학술적분류와적합하도록학문분류체계를개발하는데목적이있다. 재료및방법본연구는 임상병리검사학학문정립을위한연구과제 와는별개로진행되었던연구이다. 공공기관의홈페이지를통해 표준분류체계를수집하였고, 임상병리검사학의개념을정리하였으며표준분류체계에서임상병리검사학의위치를파악하였다. 국립대만대학교의학검험생물기술학과의교과과정도조사하였다. 1. 임상병리사의학문소개 의료기사등에관한법률시행령 에임상병리사는 화학적또는생리학적검사와관련된업무를수행하며, 병리학ㆍ미생물학ㆍ생화학ㆍ기생충학ㆍ혈액학ㆍ혈청학ㆍ법의학ㆍ요화학ㆍ세포병리학의분야, 방사성동위원소를사용한가검물등의검사및생리학적검사의분야에서종사한다 고명시되어있다 [7]. 또한한국직업능력개발원에서는 임상병리사직업정보 를 질병의예방이나진단, 치료를돕기위해환자의혈액, 소변, 체액, 조직등을이용하여각종의학적검사를수행하고분석한다 고소개하고있으며, 임상병리사학과정보 에서는 환자의혈액이나체액, 소변, 조직등을화학ㆍ생물학ㆍ물리학ㆍ유전학적인방법으로분석하는학문 이라고소개하고있다 [8]. 2. 연구분류대한진단검사의학회 ( 舊대한임상병리학회 ) 에서신청한학문분류체계는한국연구재단 학술연구분야분류 및 국가과학기술표준분류 에등재되어있다 [2] (Table 1, 2). 3. 학과분류임상병리사가전공하는임상병리학과는한국교육개발원의 학과분류 에등재되어있다 [9] (Table 3). 4. 직업분류임상병리사직업은통계청의 한국고용직업분류 [10] 와한국산업인력공단의 국가직무능력표준분류 에등재되어있다 [11] (Table 4, 5). 5. 도서분류임상병리학이나임상병리검사학관련도서는국립중앙도서관에서사용중인 한국십진분류 로구분하고있다 [12] (Table 6). 6. 의학도서분류의학도서는한국십진분류를사용하지않고 미국국립의학도서관분류 로구분하고있다 [13]. 최근미국국립의학도서관분류 2016년개정판을살펴보면주제어 clinical pathology를
Korean J Clin Lab Sci. Vol. 49, No. 4, December 2017 479 Table 1. Academic research area classification Category Class Division Section E000000. Medicine and Pharmacy E310000. Clinical pathology Clinical chemistry Lipid profile studies Clinical enzyme studies Heavy metals tests studies Electrolyte and blood gas analysis studies Diagnostic studies hormone Therapeutic drug monitoring studies Toxicology tests studies Tumor markers studies Immunochemistry Diagnostic studies of body fluids Diagnostic molecular genetics Diagnostic nutrition Nucleic acid biochemistry Cell hormone Carbohydrate tests studies Microelement studies Diagnostic hematology Bone marrow examination studies Cell morphology Erythrocyte studies Leukocyte studies Platelet studies Flow cytometry tests studies Coagulation studies Molecular hematology Blood oncology Clinical microbiology Hospital infection management Clinical bacteriology Clinical mycology Clinical virology Clinical parasitology Antimicrobial susceptibility studies Molecular microbiology Microbial epidemiology Diagnosis cell immunology Humoral immunology diagnostics Immune-type optical diagnostics Diagnostic immunology Organ transplant studies Self immunology Allergology Tumor immunology Molecular immunology Immune function studies Immunoassay studies Virus serology Bacterial serology Parasite serology Fungal serology Transfusion medicine Apheresis studies Stem cell studies Molecular transfusion medicine Component transfusion medicine Plasma fractionation studies Paternity differential studies Tissue bank studies Immune hematology Transfusion hematology Transplantation studies
480 Bon-Kyeong Koo. Development of Academic Classification System for Biomedical Laboratory Science Table 1. Continued Category Class Division Section Cytogenetics Diagnostic molecular biology Inspection informatics Diagnostic cytology Laboratory medicine Site inspection studies Other clinical pathology Oncogene diagnostics Newborn metabolic genetics Molecular genetics Genetic counseling Information processing Clinical decision Bioinformatics Medical informatics Image processing Examination statistics Examination hermeneutics Laboratory of business management Quality assurance Examination instrument Automatization examination Source: National Research Foundation of Korea, Ministry of Education. Table 2. National science and technology standard classification Category Class Division LC. Health and Medicine LC02. Clinical medicine LC0215. Laboratory medicine Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Evaluation and Planning, Ministry of Science and Technology. clinical laboratory pathology, 세부용어 clinical laboratory technology를 clinical laboratory science로변경한것과 laboratory technique 하위에 clinical laboratory technique 를신설한것이특징이다 (Table 7). 7. 과학학술지국내분류 국내학술지는국내전문학술지와국내일반학술지로구분하고있다. 국내전문학술지는 1) 한국연구재단에서인문, 사회, 예체능, 복합, 자연, 공학, 농수산해양, 의약계열전분야를대상으로선정하는 KCI (Korea Citation Index) 등재 ( 후보 ) 학술지, 2) 한국과학기술단체총연합회에서자연, 공학, 농수산해양, 의약계열분야를대상으로선정하는 KOFST (Korean Federation of Science and Technology Societies) 등재학술지, 3) 대한의학학술지편집인협의회에서의학, 치의학, 간호학, 보건학, 수의학, 영양학, 생명과학을대상으로선정하는 KAMJE (Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors) 등재학술지가있다 [14-16]. 8. 과학학술지국제분류국제학술지는국제전문학술지와국제일반학술지로구분하고있다. 과학학술지의경우, 대표적인국제전문학술지로는 Clarivate Analytics 사에서제공하는 SCI-E (SCI 포함 ) journal 과 Elsevier 사에서제공하는 Scopus journal 이있다 [17-18]. 9. 국립대만대학교의학검험생물기술학과의교과과정소개국립대만대학교는우리나라국립 S 대학교에해당하며노벨수상자와유력정치지도자를배출한교육기관이다 [19]. 의학검험생물기술학과의교과과정중에화학계열즉유기화학, 분석화학, 생화학, 임상생화학을전공필수로지정한점이인상적이며임상화학을임상생화학, 혈액은행을혈고 ( 血庫 ) 학으로표기하고있다 (Table 8). 결과대한임상병리사협회, 대한임상검사과학회의제도적분류평가를통해학문정립에객관적인시사점및당위성을정리하였다.
Korean J Clin Lab Sci. Vol. 49, No. 4, December 2017 481 Table 3. Academic department classification Institution Category Class Division Name College Medicine Therapy and Health Health Department of Medical laboratory science University Medicine Therapy and Health Health Department of Biomedical laboratory science Graduate school Medicine Therapy and Health Health Department of Biomedical laboratory science Major of Biomedical laboratory science Source: Korean Educational Development Institute, Ministry of Education. Table 4. Korean employment classification of occupations Category Class Division Health and Medicine Technical staff in medicine and dentistry Medical laboratory technologist Source: Korea Employment Information Service, Ministry of Employment and Labor. Table 5. National competency standard classification Category Class Division Section Health and Medicine Health Medical technology support Clinical pathology testing Source: Human Resources Development Service of Korea, Ministry of Employment and Labor. Table 6. Library classification Content Category Class KDC 2013 edition 500. Medicine 515. Dental medicine, Otolaryngology, Ophthalmology, Other clinical medicine Abbreviation: KDC, Korean decimal classification. Source: National Library of Korea. Table 7. National library of medicine classification Content NLMC 2013 edition NLMC 2016 edition Category Preclinical sciences Preclinical sciences Class QY. Clinical pathology* QY. Clinical laboratory pathology Term Clinical laboratory technology Clinical laboratory science Laboratory technique Laboratory technique > Clinical laboratory technique *, includes histopathology and cytology. Abbreviation: NLMC, National library of medicine classification. Source: U.S. National library of medicine classification. 1. 임상병리학의학문소개 임상병리학 ( 또는검사의학, 임상검사의학, 진단검사의학 ) 은 의사 가전공하는의학의전문분야로, 환자의질병에대한진단및감별진단, 질병중등도및경과판단을통한치료방침결정, 건강검진이나선별검사를통한질병발견또는예방, 예후판정, 치료효과의추적관찰등을판단하는데필요한여러분야를연구하는응용학문이다 [20]. 임상병리학영문은 clinical pathology 로표기한다. 2. 임상병리검사학의정의및영문표기 임상병리검사학 ( 또는임상검사과학, 의학검사과학, 의생명검사과학 ) 은 임상병리사 가전공하는자연과학과의학이접목된생명과학의한분야로, 피검자로부터분리된가검물에병리학적, 생화학적, 이화학적, 분자생물학적분석방법의개발과분석기술, 분석기기의유지관리능력을학습하며, 진단시약과신기술개발을통해임상검사기술분야를연구하는응용학문이다 [21]. 임상병리검사학영문은 1) clinical laboratory science, 2) medical laboratory science, 3) biomedical
482 Bon-Kyeong Koo. Development of Academic Classification System for Biomedical Laboratory Science Table 8. Curriculum of the department of clinical laboratory science and medical biotechnology at National Taiwan University Freshman course Sophomore course Junior course Senior course Subjects Credits Subjects Credits Subjects Credits Subjects Credits Chinese I <3> Physical education III (1) Student service education 0 Clinical microscopy 3 III practice Foreign language I <3> Biochemistry 4 Pathology 2 Clinical physiology 2 practice Physical education I (1) Biochemistry lab. 2 Introduction of public 2 Clinical biochemistry 3 health practice General chemistry 3 Anatomy 3 Laboratory safety 1 Clinical bacteriology and 4 Mycology practice General chemistry lab. 1 Physiology 4 Medical statistics 3 Clinical serology and 2 Immunology practice General biology 3 Student service education 1 Instrument analysis 1 Medical molecular 1 II diagnosis practice General biology lab. 1 Physical education IV (1) Molecular diagnosis and 2 Clinical hematology 3 Clinical biochemistry lab. practice Calculus 3 Microbiology and 4 Clinical biochemistry 2 Blood banking practice 1 Immunology Student service 0 Microbiology and 5 Clinical physiology 2 Clinical virology practice 2 education I Immunology lab. Chinese II <3> Parasitology 3 Molecular biology 4 Pathology practice 1 Foreign language II <3> Blood banking 1 Histopathologic 2 techniques Physical education II (1) Clinical microscopy 1 Basic biotechnology and 1 Virology lab. Introduction of medical 2 Clinical microscopy lab. 1 Bacterial biotechnology 1 technology lab. Medicine and Humanity (2) Clinical bacteriology and 1 Medical molecular 1 Mycology lab. diagnostics II Analytical chemistry 3 bacterial biotechnology 1 lab. Analytical chemistry lab. 1 Clinical bacteriology and 2 Mycology Organic chemistry 3 Clinical virology 1 Organic chemistry lab. 1 Clinical serology and 1 Immunology Hematology and Clinical 2 hematology I Hematology and Clinical 3 Hematology II Hematology Lab. 2 Medical molecular diagnostics I 1 laboratory science를사용한다. 직역에가장가까운용어는 clinical pathologic laboratory science, clinical laboratory pathology 이지만사용하지않고있다. 4년제대학교학과, 국제임상병리사단체 (International Federation of Biomedical Laboratory Science, IFBLS) 의공식표기를참고하여 biomedical laboratory science 로도출하였다. 3. 임상병리검사학의학술연구분야위치임상병리검사학의학술연구분야위치는분류체계구축의일반적원칙인유사성, 배타성, 포괄성, 규모성, 보편성, 유연성에부합하도록대분류의약학, 중분류임상병리학밑에설계하였 다. 임상병리검사학의세분류의경우자연과학계열및의학계열에서사용중인조직학, 유전학, 분자생물학, 생리학, 생화학, 병리학, 미생물학, 기생충학, 면역학, 혈액학등의학문과 병리, 임상, 진단 이붙은학문 ( 예를들어세포병리학, 임상세포학, 진단세포학 ) 과중복되지않도록 (Table 1) 혈액수혈학 (hematology and transfusionology), 면역생화학 (immunology and biochemistry), 미생물기생충학 (microbiology and parasitology), 유전분자생물학 (genetics and molecular biology), 조직세포학 (histology and cytology), 심폐신경생리학 (cardiopulmonary and neurophysiology) 으로표기하였다 (Table 9).
Korean J Clin Lab Sci. Vol. 49, No. 4, December 2017 483 Table 9. Proposal of biomedical laboratory science in the academic research area classification Category Class Division Section C000000. Natural science C060000. Chemistry Biochemistry C070000. Biology Molecular biology Genetics Cytogenetic Molecular genetic Microbiology Zoology Parasites E000000. Medicine and Pharmacy E020000. Anatomy Histology E030000. Physiology E040000. Biochemistry E050000. Pathology Micropathology Molecular pathology Experimental pathology Diagnostic pathology Cytopathology Instrumentation pathology E070000. Micobiology E080000. Parasitology E100000. Immunology E280000. Physical therapy Physical therapy Electrophysiology E310000. Clinical pathology Clinical chemistry Diagnostic molecular genetics Diagnostic hematology Clinical microbiology Diagnostic immunology Transfusion medicine Cytogenetics Diagnostic molecular biology Molecular genetics Inspection informatics Diagnostic cytology Laboratory medicine Site inspection studies Biomedical laboratory science Hematology and Transfusionology Immunology and Biochemistry Microbiology and Parasitology Genetics and Molecular biology Histology and Cytology Cardiopulmonary and Neurophysiology Other clinical pathology 4. 의료기사학문의등재사례물리치료학과작업치료학은 2002년, 치위생학은 2015년에학술연구분야분류에등재되어있으며물리치료학과작업치료학의경우중분류, 치위생학은소분류에위치해있는것이차이점이다 (Table 10). 반면임상병리검사학, 방사선기술학, 치과기공학, 의무기록학, 안경광학은등재되어있지않다 [2]. 5. 임상병리검사학국내학술지현황보건과학대학임상병리학과교수를중심으로두개의학술단체가있다. 첫번째, 대한임상검사과학회 ( 舊대한임상병리기술학회 ) 는 1978년창설되어되었으며보건과학대학임상병리학과교수, 임상병리사, 진단의료기기산업체종사자, 의생명과학 자중심으로 5백여명의회원이활동하고있으며 KCI 등재학술지인 대한임상검사과학회지 (Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science) 를발간하고있다 [22]. 두번째, 대한의생명과학회는 1995년창설되었으며보건과학대학임상병리학과, 자연과학관련생물학과, 생화학과, 미생물학과, 의생명과학과및의과대학이나수의과대학기초과학교실교수와대학원생중심으로 6백여명의회원이활동하고있으며 KCI 등재학술지인 Biomedical Science Letters 를발간하고있다 [23]. 6. 국제임상병리사단체회원학술지현황한자문화권 3개국 ( 한국, 일본, 대만 ), 영어문화권 5개국 ( 영어, 미국, 캐나다, 호주, 뉴질랜드 ) 임상병리사단체에서발간하
484 Bon-Kyeong Koo. Development of Academic Classification System for Biomedical Laboratory Science Table 10. Registration of physical therapy, occupational therapy, and dental hygiene science in the academic research area classification Category Class Division Section E000000. Medicine and Pharmacy E280000. Physical therapy Introduction physical therapy Physical therapy Exercise therapy Orthotics and Prosthetics Clinical physiotherapy Orthopedic physical therapy Neural physical therapy Pediatric physical therapy Senior physical therapy Cardiopulmonary physical therapy Obstetrics physical therapy Sports physical therapy Other physical therapy E290000. Occupational therapy Occupational therapy general Psychosocial occupational therapy Vocational/prevocational occupational therapy Musculoskeletal occupational therapy Nervous system occupational therapy Cognitive/perceptual occupational therapy Hand occupational therapy Community occupational therapy Developmental disorder occupational therapy Senior occupational therapy Life assessment and training Production and training auxiliary tool Sensory integration therapy Working science Other occupational therapy E340000. Dentistry Dental hygiene science Clinical dental hygiene Social dental hygiene Educational dental hygiene Table 11. IFBLS member journals in 2017 Organization Official journal ISSN Website KAMT Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science 1738-3544 www.kscls.or.kr JAMT Japanese Journal of Medical Technology 2188-5346 ww.jamt.or.jp TAMT Greater Taipei Journal of Laboratory Medicine 2313-3015 www.mt.org.tw IBMS British Journal of Biomedical Science* 0967-4845 www.ibms.org ASCLS Clinical Laboratory Science 0894-959X www.ascls.org CSMLS Canadian Journal of Medical Laboratory Science 1207-5833 www.csmls.org AIMS Australian Journal of Medical Science 1038-1643 www.aims.org.au NZIMLS New Zealand Journal of Medical Laboratory Science 1171-0195 www.nzimls.org.nz AAMLS Asian Journal of Medical Laboratory Science 2467-9100 www.aamls.org IFBLS International Journal of Biomedical Laboratory Science 2308-7706 www.ifbls.org *SCI-E journal. Abbreviations: ISSN, International Standard Serial Number; KAMT, Korean Association of Medical Technologists; JAMT, Japanese Association of Medical Technologists; TAMT, Taiwanese Association of Medical Technologists; IBMS, Institute of Biomedical Science; ASCLS, American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science; CSMLS, Canadian Society of Medical Laboratory Science; AIMS, Australian Institute of Medical Science; NZIMLS, New Zealand Institute of Medical Laboratory Science; AAMLS, Asian Association of Medical Laboratory Science; IFBLS, International Federation of Biomedical Laboratory Science.
Korean J Clin Lab Sci. Vol. 49, No. 4, December 2017 485 Table 12. SCI journals in 2017 Nation Medical laboratory technology Pathology USA 15 51 UK 6 7 Germany 3 4 France 1 3 Netherlands 1 3 Poland 0 2 Spain 0 1 Switzerland 0 1 Norway 0 1 Croatia 1 0 Japan 0 3 India 1 2 Korea 1 0 Malaysia 0 1 Argentina 1 0 Total 30 79 Abbreviations: SCI, Science; USA, United State of America; UK, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Source: Clarivate Analytics. 는공식학술지는 Table 11 와같다. 7. SCI급 (Science Citation Index; SCI and SCI-Expanded) 국내학술지현황 2017년 3월기준전체 SCI급등재학술지는총 8,892종으로이중우리나라에서발간하는 SCI급등재학술지는 109종이다 [24]. 특히의학, 치의학, 수의학, 약학, 간호학, 영양학, 생명과학분야학술지의경우 1996년에는전무하였으나 2016년에는 35종이등재되었다. 생화학분자생물학회에서발간하는 Experimental and Molecular Medicine 의경우 SCI 피인용지수 (impact factor) 가 5.164로가장높았다. 8. SCI급 Medical laboratory technology, Pathology 학술지현황 2017년 3월기준 Clarivate Analytics 사의 SCI-E (SCI 포함 ) subject category 에는 medical laboratory technology 30종과 pathology 79종의학술지가등재되어있다 [17] (Table 12). Medical laboratory technology는 1960년 SCI 데이터베이스구축초기에설정된주제어이다. 영국임상병리사단체인 Institute of Biomedical Science (1943년 Institute of Medical Laboratory Technology, 1974년 Institute of Medical Laboratory Sciences, 1994년 Institute of Biomedical Science로변경 ) 에서발간하는 British Journal of Biomedical Science 가 SCI-E 등재학술지인것이주목할 만하다. 우리나라의경우, 대한진단검사의학회 ( 舊대한임상병리학회 ) 에서발간하는 Annals of Laboratory Medicine 가유일한 SCI-E 등재학술지이다. 9. 창간이후 50년간대한임상검사과학회지연구분야현황학회지게재논문분석은양등 [25] 과구 [26] 에의해두차례조사되었다. 1967년 1권부터 2016년 48권 (1968 1969년미발간 ) 까지 50년간게재된논문수는총 1,351편이다. 학회지변경이력은대한임상병리사회지, 대한임상병리검사과학회지, 대한임상검사학회지를거쳐지금의대한임상검사과학회지이다. 연구분야 ( 세부영역 ) 는대한임상검사과학회홈페이지 > 학술지 > 논문검색 > Archives > Area를통해검색할수있으며 혈액학 115편, 수혈학 44편, 생화학 334편, 면역학 122편, 핵의학 38편, 미생물학 292편, 기생충학 29편, 병리학 173편, 유전학 31편, 기타 83편으로파악되었다 [22]. 고찰한국연구재단의학술연구분야분류는 1998년, 국가과학기술표준분류는 2002년구축되었다. 물리치료학과작업치료학은 2002년, 치위생학은 2015년에학술연구분야분류에등재되어과학적근거와전문가로서입지를높였다. 보건과학대학임상병리학과와방사선학과의경우의료기관진료과명칭 ( 임상병리과 [ 현재검사의학과 ]; 방사선과 [ 현재영상의학과 ]) 이나의과대학교실명칭 ( 임상병리학교실 [ 현재검사의학교실 ]; 방사선학교실 [ 현재영상의학교실 ]) 과유사하기에오인될소지가있으며, 각종표준분류체계정보에서정책착오나신분착오를일으킬수있다. 임상병리사의경우다른의료기사직종에비해유일하게 면허와학문의국영문명칭이불일치 하여 법적, 제도적환경개선 시의미전달에있어서회원이나단체, 기관에불필요한설명을해야하거나이해상충에서불리한점이있다 [7,27,28]. 현재임상병리사, medical technologist 명칭에관하여네가지불편한진실이있다. 첫번째, 면허명칭의경우국문은 1962년당시대한임상검사기술협회 ( 현재대한임상병리사협회 ) 가일본임상병리학회 ( 현재일본임상검사의학회 ) 및일본임상병리동학원 ( 현재일본임상검사동학원 ) 에서자격인정하는임상병리기술사 (1954-2002년사용, 2003년이후임상검사士로변경 ) 를인용하여임상병리사로표기하였다 [27]. 영문은미국임상병리사단체 (1933년 American Society of Clinical Laboratory Technicians에서 1936년 American Society of
486 Bon-Kyeong Koo. Development of Academic Classification System for Biomedical Laboratory Science Medical Technologists으로변경 ) 에서 medical technologist 를인용하여표기하고있다. 두번째, 학문의경우국문은 1962년대한임상검사술협회회칙의임상검사기술학을거쳐 1965년대한임상병리사협회정관의임상병리기술학, 이후 1996년정관개정을통해임상병리검사학을사용하고있다. 학문의영문표기는협회정관에정해진바없으며, 미국임상병리사단체 (1933년 American Society of Clinical Laboratory Technicians, 1936년 American Society of Medical Technologists, 1993년 American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science로변경 ) 및국제임상병리사단체 (1954년 International Association of Medical Laboratory Technology, 2000년 International Federation of Biomedical Laboratory Science로변경 ) 를인용하여 medical technology, clinical laboratory technology, medical laboratory technology 를표기하다가교육연한이 2 년에서 3년으로연장, 전문대학명칭에대학교표기가허용되면서 3년제대학은 clinical laboratory science와 medical laboratory science, 4년제대학은 biomedical laboratory science를사용하고있다. 세번째, medical technologist나 medical technology는더이상우리와는밀접한관계의명칭이아니다. 우리나라임상병리사는일본임상검사기사, 대만의事검험사라고표기하고있으며전문대학임상병리과는일본임상검사과, 대만의事검험과, 정규대학임상병리학과는일본임상검사과학과, 대만의학검험생물기술학과 (clinical laboratory science and medical biotechnology, medical laboratory science and biotechnology) 로표기하고있다 [19]. 일본의학기술전문대학, 의료기술학부에서는의학기술과의료기술을 medical technology 로표기하고있다 [29]. 또한미국백과사전위키피디어 (Wikipedia) 에서도 medical technology (health technology) 를의료기기, 정보기술, 생명공학및건강관리서비스를광범위하게포함한 의료기술 로소개하고있다 [30]. 대관업무나대민홍보에서임상병리사의직업이나학문을 medical technologist, medical technology 로표기하면직역이안되어소통에어려움을겪게된다. 네번째, 임상병리사및임상병리검사학명칭은임상병리의사 ( 현재검사의학의사 ), 임상병리학 ( 현재검사의학 ) 과의차별화에서정체성이애매모호해진다는것이다. 2017년 8월, 임상병리사반세기 ( 半世紀 ) 에큰사건이 학술지등재 에서일어났다. 대한임상병리사협회공식학술지인 대한임상검사과학회지 가 1967년창간된이래 2014년 KCI 등재후보학술지로선정, 50주년이되는 2017년에한국연구재단 KCI 등재학술지로승격되면서숙원사업이해결되었으며회원, 교수들에게많은관심을받았다 [27]. 다가오는 2018년은우리나라임상병리사교육을 1958년에처음시작하였으므로 50주년이되는뜻깊은해이다. 그당시는교육후에임상병리사가담당해야할업무나활용에대해명확한제시가있지않았고, 전문직업인으로서의체계적인교육과정과활용, 미래의위상등에대한전망이불투명한상황이었다. 대한임상병리사협회는지난직업교육의방편으로만인식되었던임상병리사의학문이서야할제자리가어디인지정립하기위해서 2016년 1월 학술연구분야등재 를목표로연구과제를공모하였다. 현재임상병리검사학은한국연구재단학술연구분야분류에등재되어있지않아, 사회적승인을확보하지못하고있는실정이다. 따라서임상병리검사학관련교수, 연구자, 임상병리사들은임상병리검사학의제도적위상을심각하게인식할필요가있다. 이를위해서는확고한임상병리검사학의학문적, 이론적체계정립이선행되어야하며, 임상병리검사학의정체성확보가선결과제이다. 직능단체인대한임상병리사협회, 학술단체인대한임상검사과학회, 교육연구단체인한국임상병리학과교수협의회는학문공동체로서산학연 ( 産學硏 ) 시너지를발휘해야하며, 한국연구재단학술연구분야분류에등재될수있도록상호인지시키고설득하여매진해야할것이다. 본연구의제한점은학문분류체계에관련한분석전문가, 단체구성원의일반적동의절차나조사등의방법을시도하지않았으므로도출된임상병리검사학의학문분류체계외에다른개념이존재할수있다. 또한한국연구재단이나공공기관에신청한연구과제관련조사는이루어지지않았다. 학술연구분야분야의개정절차는해당학회나단체의의견수렴, 한국연구재단의적합성검토, KRI (Korean Researcher Information, 한국연구자정보 ) 시스템반영을통해이루어진다 [31]. 끝으로임상병리검사학의가치와철학에입각한정체성확립을위해서모든가능성을열어두고기본을점검하고, 방향을재정비하는노력이필요하다. 명칭대안으로는직역, 약칭, 발음, 글자수, 영역확대를고려하여 의생명검험사 (biomedical laboratory technologist), 약칭검험사, 의생명검험학 (biomedical laboratory science) 을제안해본다 [27]. 산학연단체에서는교과과목의개선, 직능단체와학술단체의경계제시, 유전ㆍ분자생물검사학회의신설, 한국과학학술지편집인협의회또는대한의학학술지편집인협의회의참여, 학술상의개정, 대한임상검사과학회지피인용지수의상향, 국제인용색인데
Korean J Clin Lab Sci. Vol. 49, No. 4, December 2017 487 이터베이스의등재, 연구자의발굴등에관한전략적정책수립이있어야된다고생각된다. 요약 이연구는임상병리검사학 ( 또는임상검사과학, 의학검사과학, 의생명검사과학 ) 에대한체계적인접근을하기위해임상병리검사학의정체성과학문분류체계를가지고논의하였다. 임상병리검사학은한국연구재단의학술연구분야분류에등재되어있지않다. 국내에서는 1963년임상병리검사학과최초로신설된이후전국에임상병리검사학과가 52개에이르고있다. 학문적정체성에도불구하고제도적으로임상병리검사학은전문적영역을확보하지못하고있는실정이다. 학술연구분야분류를보면물리치료학, 작업치료학, 치위생학은체계적으로분류되어그학문성을인정받고있다. 이연구는임상병리검사학의새로운학문분류체계이다. 내용연구는다음과같이요약된다. 임상병리사의학문은대분류의약학, 중분류임상병리학, 소분류임상병리검사학에위치한다. 세분류의학문용어는 혈액수혈학, 면역생화학, 미생물기생충학, 유전분자생물학, 조직세포학, 심폐신경생리학 으로구성한다. Acknowledgements: None Funding: None Conflict of interest: None REFERENCES 1. Seol SS, Kim ES, Park JM, Kweon BU, Jang Sj, Choi Sh, et al. The strategy Study of establishment and application of learning classification standard. Research report. Daejeon: National Research Foundation of Korea; 2006 April. 2. NRF. Academic research area classification [Internet]. Daejeon: National Research Foundation of Korea; 2016 [cited 2017 October 5]. Available from: https://www.nrf.re.kr/biz/doc/c lass/view?menu_no=322. 3. Huh S. Classification system for medicine. Chuncheon: Hallym university press; 2006. 4. KAMT. Thirty years of the Korean Association of Medical Technologists. Seoul: Korean Association of Medical Technologists; 1992. 5. Center for Higher Education Information Disclosure. Higher education in Korea [Internet]. Seoul: Korean Council for University Education; 2017 [cited 2017 October 5]. http:// search.academyinfo.go.kr/itrinity_new/search/search.jsp. 6. Seol SS, Song CH. A theoretical study of research activity classification. Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society. 1999;2(3):19-33. 7. National Law Information Center. Act on enforcement decree of the medical technologists, etc [Internet]. Sejong: Ministry of Government Legislation; 2017 [cited 2017 October 5]. http://www.law.go.kr/eng/englssc.do?menuid=1&query=%ec %9D%98%EB%A3%8C%EA%B8%B0%EC%82%AC&x=34&y=26. 8. KRIVEYT. National career education center [Internet]. Sejong: Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education and Training; 2017 [cited 2017 October 5]. Available from: http://www. career.go.kr/cnet/front/base/job/ jobview.do?seq=941#tab1. 9. KEDI. Academic department classification [Internet]. Jincheon: Korean Educational Development Institute; 2017 [cited 2017 October 5]. Available from: http://kess.kedi.re.kr/post/6657 603?itemCode=04&menuId=m_02_04_02. 10. KOSTAT. Korean employment classification of occupations [Internet]. Daejeon: Statistics Korea; 2017 [cited October 20]. Available from: http://kostat.go.kr/portal/eng/resources/4/detail_lang.action?bmode=detail_lang&pageno=10&type= class&cls=&list_no=185. 11. HRDSK. National competency standard classification [Internet]. Seoul: Human Resources Development Service of Korea; 2017 [cited 2017 October 5]. Available from: http://www.hrdkorea.or.kr/4/1/7?k=45731&searchtype=&searchtext. 12. National Library of Korea. library classification [Internet]. Seoul: National Library of Korea; 2017 [cited 2017 October 8]. Available from: http://www.nl.go.kr/search/web_search/search/list.php. 13. U.S. National Library of Medicine. National library of medicine classification [Internet]. Bethesda: National Institutes of Health; 2017 [cited 2017 October 5]. Available from: https://www. nlm.nih.gov/class. 14. NRF. Korea Citation Index [Internet]. Daejeon: National Research Foundation of Korea; 2017 [cited 2017 April 17]. Available from: http://www.nrf.re.kr/biz/info/info/view?biz_no=9. 15. KOFST. Korean Federation of Science and Technology Societies [Internet]. Seoul: Korean Federation of Science and Technology Societies; 2017 [cited 2017 April 17]. Available from: https://www.enest.or.kr/main.action. 16. KAMJE. Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors [Internet]. Seoul: Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors; 2017 [cited 2017 April 17]. Available from: https://kamje. or.kr/intro.php?body=journals_kamje. 17. Clarivate Analytics. Journal list [Internet]. New York: Clarivate Analytics; 2017 [cited October 5]. Available from: http:// http://mjl.clarivate.com/cgi-bin/jrnlst/jloptions.cgi?pc=d. 18. Elsevier. SCImago journal and country rank [Internet]. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2017 [cited 2017 April 01]. Available from: http://www.scimagojr.com/journalrank. php. 19. National Taiwan University. clinical laboratory science and biotechnology [Internet]. Taipei: Taiwan; 2017 [cited 2017 October 8]. Available from: http://www.mc.ntu.edu.tw/department/ clsmb/course_undergraduate_e.html. 20. KSLM. Introduction [Internet]. Seoul: Korean Society for Laboratory Medicine; 2017 [cited 2017 October 5]. Available from: http://www.kslm.org. 21. LG Sangnam Library. LG Scienceland [Internet]. Seoul: LG Foundation; 2017 [cited 2017 October 8]. Available from: http://lg-sl.net/product/creativeexpedition/subject/readsubject. mvc?subjectid=jnco2003060080.
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