98-5 ( )
8.. 30..,,.. 1998. 12.
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1. 132 2. 142 3. HIV 154 4. 158
. 1.,.,.,, ( ).,,. 1), 1981 62.,, (Impairment ), (Disability), (Handicap),.,. (1),,.,..,.,,,,,,.,. (2) - 1 -
, (WHO),.,, ( ).,. ()., 2,.,,,., 3,,.,.,,. 2) WHO, 1976, 1990,. 1999, WHO.,,,.,.,,,.,,,,,.. (, ). - 2 -
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. (, ) (, ). (,,, ) (, ) (, ) (). (, ) (). (,,, ) (,, ) ( ). (,,, ) (, ) ( ). (,, ) (,, ). (, ) (,,, ). (, ). - 4 -
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,,,.,,,,.., A,.,. 4), leve l,,,,,,. (ILO) 1983 ()(159),,,.,.,,.,,,,.,,,,,.,,.,, 1987,.,,., 1987,,,,, - 6 -
.,.,.,,,,,.,,. 5).,.,,,,.,,,.,.,.,.,,,,., A,,.,,,,.,,,,.,.,,.,,.,,. 19907, (American with Disabilities Act ADA)., - 7 -
,,,,,.,,,,,,,.,,,., 199311,,,.,,,,,,,.,,,,,.,,.,,,,,,,,,., 1981,,,,,. - 8 -
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.,.. (1) (matching ),.,.,,. ( ) :,,,. :,,,,., (matching),,,,.,,,,,.,,,,.,,. (2),.. ( ), : - : - : -, : - : - : - : - : - : - : - - 12 -
(3) (, : 14),,.,,,,.,.,,. (, : 15 24),,,,,. ( ),,,,. (, ),,,,. ( : 25 44),,. (30),,, 1 2., (3040 ),,.,. (40),.,. (65 ). 60, 2,.,,,. -,,.,,.,. (4) (work pe rsonality) - 13 -
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(2),. - - - - (3), ( ). (4),.,. -. -,. -. -. (5),.. (6),,. 3),..,,,., - 29 -
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., ME().. ME,.,,. (assessme nt. ; ),,.. - - - -,,,.,,. 3..,,. - 31 -
1),,.,.. (1),,.,. OJT ( ). ( ) -,, -,,, -,,. ( ) - - - -. -. ( ) - -,. ( ) - - -, - 32 -
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. (2). (3),, 5WIH..,.,.,..,,,.. (4),.,,.. - 37 -
(5) ME ME(),. ME, NC,, OA. ME,.,,. ME,. ME,. ME,, ME. 3, MDS(,, ),.,,. 4..,,,.. 1).,,.,,.,. - 38 -
(1),.,,.,.,,,,,,.,,,.. (2),.,,.,,..,.,.. 2),,. - 39 -
(1),,,.,... (impersonal detachment ).,,.,..,,....,.,.,..,.. - 40 -
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(3).,,.,. 1.8, 1.2.. 90cm ( 150cm * 150cm ),. 120cm,.,,..,,..,,.,, (,, ).....,,,.,, - 46 -
.,. (4),. - - -.,. (5).,,,.... 7.,...,.. 1). - 47 -
(1),.,,,,., 2 3.,,..,. (2),,,,.,. (3) 40 50.,..,.. (4),,.. 2 3, 1 5.,,,,.. - 48 -
2).,,,.....,.,.,.... 8.,. 1),.,.,,.,.,,. - 49 -
2) (1). <3> (2).,,,,, - 50 -
,,, 3),,,,.. (1) (2) (3) - 51 -
(4) 4),.,.,.,,..,.., 1,,. - 52 -
. 1. 1) (1),., 5, 16., 6,,., 7,,..,.,, l,.,,., ( ). (2), (, ).,, () - 53 -
,.,, (,,,,, ).,.,,,.,,. (3) 5(1996 ), 18 1657, (56.5% ), (1, 2) 38.6%, (3,4) 36.1%,, (5, 6) 20.8%.,,, 2 : 1., ( 7 2),.,,. (4),,,,,,,, (),,,,,.,, (,, ). ( ).,, (, ( ) ).,, - 54 -
,.,,.,,., (). ( 30% ).,,,.,,,.,,,..,,,.,.,,.,,,...,, ( ),.,,,.,,.,..,., ( ), (),,., - 55 -
,.,,,,,,.,, ().,, ( ),.,...,,..,. (5).,,.,, (,, ), (), ( ). (6),,,,.,,.,,.,., - 56 -
.,,,,,..,,..,,,,,.,,..,..,,,.,,,,,. (7),.,,.,,.,,. 2) (1) - 57 -
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(3), 40.,..,,,..,,,,,..,.,,.,,..,,..,,,,,,,, ()...,.,. - 59 -
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,,.,,.,,.. (5),,,.,, ( ). 3),,,.,. (1),,,.. : :, :,, :, :,, - 61 -
. (2),,,., (batte ry).,,.,,.,. (3),,.,.,. ( ),,.,,.. (CFRP),,.,, PTB, PTS, KBM.,., (4), - 62 -
,., 3,,,,,,.,,,,. (5),,..,,,.,,,,.,,,,.,.,,.,,,,,,,.,.,,, (control box), ( ). (joy stick leve r),,.,.. - 63 -
.....,... 90cm 150 150cm ( 160 135cm). 2cm....., 150 cm, 40cm...,.,. 3.,...,.,,,,,,,,..,., 3 4. 20kg... 4), - 64 -
,,.,., ( )...,..,,,,,,,. (1), ().,.,.,,.,,., (handicap),. (handicap)......... ( ). (). (),. - 65 -
(). (),. ().. (). (),. (). (),,,. ().., (). (). (). () 1 1.. (),,. (),,. (),. (),.. (),.. (),. (limit switch) (touch switch).. (link).,. (),.,,.... - 66 -
,.....,....,..,....,..,.,.........,..,....,... (2).,,.,,,,.,... - 67 -
,,, ( ).. (toggle switch) (pinch).,.. (rotary switch)... /,... (Knob ).,,.. (crank).,.. (leve r),... (handle ).,.. (pe dal)..,.,,,., (se nsor), (micro switch) (limit - 68 -
switch),,,. (micro switch),,. (conveyor line ).,.,.,,.,,,.. (3).,,..,..,..,.,. (PT)(OT),,. 5),.,.,.. - 69 -
:. :,. :.,...,. (1) 4 7,.,.,.,., <4> a. ( 5) ( 2) ( ) b. c. d. e. f. ( ), 35-90, 35-90,,, 80 90 40 ( ) 80, 80 100, 40 70 ( ) 100, 70-70 -
<5> () a. 90 140 90 ( 180 80) b. ( ) - 16-30 c. 90-120 - 150 90-120 - 150 ( ) d. 90110-140135 90110-140135 ( ) <6>, a. b. c. 135 () 140, 3.5m 3.5m 5. 5.0m 0m ( ) - 71 -
<7> (), 200 200200 200-160 2 0 0, a. - 40-45 40-45 90 75-80 75-80.. 65-65 b. 70 70 c. ( ( ) ) - 72 -
2. 1),,. (1),,....., 2 2., 7.5mm, 1.5mm, 1.5mm. 5m, 1.0.,., 0.150cm, 0.01., 50cm,, 0.01., ( ), ( ).,,.,,,.,,., 0.1,.,.,,.,.,,,. (2).,.,,.,,.,.. - 73 -
,.,.,. (3),.,,., 2...,.,,,.,,.,.,,,.,.,,. (4).,, 3.,., 3,.,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,.,..,. - 74 -
2) (low vision).., 20%, 15%.,,.,,.,,,..,,.,,.,.,...,.,,..,.,,.,,,,.,, 1 2., 0.04 1095% 1 2.,,,.,,. 3),,,. (1) - 75 -
,.,.,,,.,, ( ),.,...,,..,.,..,,.,,.,,,, 2 1.,,.,.,,.,.,.,.,.,,,.,.,,,.,.,.,,.,.,,. (2). - 76 -
.,..,..,,.,.,.,.,.,.,..,. (3),... (dial-in), 3.,,.,.,,. - 77 -
(computer programmer),.,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,.,,.,,,.,,...,., OCR,., OA,.,,.,.,,,,.,.,,.,,.. (health kee per) (,, ), 3..,, - 78 -
().,,,.,,...,..,.,...,,.,.,.,,.,,,.,.,.,,. 4),,,,.,. (1).,. - 79 -
()..,.,. (2),. 3 20.,,.,,,.,,. (3), 215. (cursor),,.,,, (application).. (4),.,.,.,.,,, ( ).,. (5) (OCR).,,.. (6) - 80 -
,..,,.,,...,.,,.,,. (7). 40.,.,,,. (8).,.,.,,,.,... - 81 -
3. 1) () (1),,,,.,.,,,,, (, ).. de cibe l(db),., 100 db 2( ) 90 99 db 3( ) 80 89 db 4( ) 70 79 db 6( 50% ) (2),,.., (,,,,, ) (3),,,,,,.,,,,, - 82 -
,,.,..,,,. 11, ( )., (, 2 3).,.,,.,,.,.,.,.,, ( ).,.,,,,.,.,., ( ),, - 83 -
. 2) (1) (,, ), (,,, ), (,, ), (, ), (,,, ).,.,,,,.,.,.,,,,,,.,.,.,,.,,,.,,,. (2),.. - 84 -
..,.,..,.,..,,,.,.,,,,.,.,,,,. 3) (1),,,.,. - 85 -
,,.. (2),,.,,.,.,,,.,.,.,.,,..,,.,,,,.,.,,,., (,, ),..,. (3),, - 86 -
..,,,,.,,,,.,.,,.,..,.,,.,,, ( ) ( ), ( ). (4),,.,,. - 87 -
.,,,,,,.,.,..,.., ()....,. (5). : (.. ). :,,. :..,., - 88 -
..,.,,...,,.,,,.,,,,., (,,, ).,... (6),...,.,.. - 89 -
,. (OJT) 4) (1) ( ),..,,.,,,,..,,,.,.,,..,.,,.,.. (2).,,,,,,.,,,,.,,, - 90 -
.,.,,.,,.. (3),,,,,,,.,.,,.,.,.,,,.,. 20 30%.,.,,..,.,.,..,,.,.,,. - 91 -
.,,.,.,,.,,,.,.. (4).,.,.,,.,.,,..,.,,.,., FM (loop).,.,.,.,.,.,.,. - 92 -
4. 1) (1), (),.,,., 18,., ().,,,.,,,,,,. ().,,,,. (2), Inte llige nce Quotient, IQ ). (, IQ., IQ. IQ = 100(, 1616. ), 10, 7, IQ70., IQ l00, 100 95 IQ 71 129. 5IQ 70 ( )IQ 130 ( ).,, 100, 2.5.,, 12, 600 (1995 10)2.5%, 315. (3),,,.,, - 93 -
3., (), (),. (4),. <8>,, IQ 20,, IQ 20-34,,., IQ 35-49, IQ 50-75 2),.,,,.,,,,, 7.,, 4 l,.,,.,, 3,,,, - 94 -
.,.,.,,. 3) (1),.,.,..,..,...,.,. IQ. IQ,. IQ 70IQ 50., IQ,,,,,. (2),,.,,,,.,,,.,,. - 95 -
,,.. (3).,.,,...,,,., (key person).,,,.. 4) (1), ( ), ( ).,,,.,,.,,. (), 2, (towe l),,. - 96 -
3,,. () 1,,.,,.,.,,,.,.,.,,..,. (2),.,.,. ( ) 17.,,..,,. - 97 -
5) (1),,.,.,,.,,.,,.,.,,.,,.. (2),,,,,.. ( ),., 1,. (30kg ),.,.,. () - 98 -
5, 20,. 5 4 ( ),. 1, (3),.,,. (),. ( ), 1, 2.,. (4),,,. ( ),, NC..,,,.,,,. ( ),..,. - 99 -
(5),,.,,,. (),.,... 6),.,,, ( ). (1),,.,.,,,..., ( ),,.,. () 1,,.,,.,,. (2),.,,. -- 100- -
,,. ( ),.,. (),,.... (3),...,,.,. (),,.,,,.,. (4),.,.,. (),.,.,, 3,. 7). -- 101- -
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.,,,,,,,. 1. 1).,,,,,.,,,,., 1967, 1972, 1984, 1986., 1998.. 2) 5. 1996, 293, 62121.2%., 293, 131, 78, 56, 1. (1991) 7.8%, 35.6%.,,.. -- 103- -
3).., 1, 1, 1, 3, 4.. (1), 1,..,., ( )...,,,.,,,,,..,.,,,. (2), ( )..,,. -- 104- -
(ventilator).,,. (3)....., (),... 4),, ( ),,, 1( ), 3(), 4( ). (1),,,...,,,,.. -- 105- -
,,...,..,....,,.,. (2).. ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ).,..,,. (3),,.,,, ().,,,, -- 106- -
.,,., ( ),.,... 5) 25 30%, 10%,.,.,,.,,.,. (1),.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, -- 107- -
,,, (, ),,,, (2), (,, ) (, ) (, ).. (3).,,,..,,.,., ( ),,,,,.,. (CAPD : Continuous Ambulatory Peritone al Dialysis ),, 1 3 4,,,,. CAPD -- 108- -
(4) ( ). (),,,.,,.,,,,.,,,,, (5)..,...,.,,,,,.. 6) ( ) ( ),, ( ).,,. (1). (2). -- 109- -
(3),,.,,,,.,.,. 7),,., 1 ( 60% ), 3( 30% ), 4(, )., 6.. (1),, (2),,,., 1, 300 kcal.,,.,.,,,., ( ),.,,,.,. -- 110- -
. (3),,.,. 2. 1),.,,,,,. (1),... ( ),,,,.,, (),,,.,.,,,.,, -- 111- -
,.,,,,. (2),, 20.,,.,.,,.,.,., 20.,,,,.,,.,.,,,,,.,.,,.,.,., 1950 1988, -- 112- -
1995., 1992., 1993 ( ),,,,, 20.,,,,,,,.,. 2),,..,,.,,,.,,.,,,,.,.,,,,.,,. (1) -- 113- -
.,,.,,.,,,.,,,.,,,.,.,.,,,,,.,.,,.,,..,,.,.,,.,,,.,,.,, -- 114- -
,,,,.. (2).,.,.,,,,.,.,,,,., 1,., (key person).,, (key person)..,,,.,,.,,,,..,,,,., -- 115- -
.,.,,. (3),.,.,,.,.,,.,,, 1..,., 8,.,.,,.,,,.,,,,.,,,.,..,,,,,., ( )., -- 116- -
,.,.,,. (4),.,,.,.,,,.,,,.,.,.,.,,.,...,,..,.,.. (5),.,, -- 117- -
.,,,.,,.,,.,.,,,.,.,,.,.,..,,. (6).,.,,., (, )( ),,,., ( ) ( ).,,..,,., -- 118- -
,.,,.,.,,,,.,...,.,. (7),,,.,,.,,,,.,.,,,..,,,.,,. (8),.,,,., -- 119- -
,,,,.,.,,.,. 3. HIV 1) HIV HIV,. HIV 1 2(influenza ),,., 10,, CD4,,.,,,,,., 19984, HIV. 2) HIV HIV, 10,,.,, 4,. HIV,,.,,,. (,,, ) (1 15 6, ) ( HIV ) ( -- 120- -
, ).. 3) HIV,,,.,,., HIV,,.,,,,..,,,,. (1),,. (2) HIV,,. (3),.,,. (4) HIV, -- 121- -
,. (5) HIV,, HIV. (6),,,, HIV,., HIV.., HIV,. HIV. HIV,., HIV,,. -- 122- -
4. 1) (1),.,, 118.,,,,, 40..,,,..,,.,,.,.,, 50%,, 90%., 199711,,,,., -- 123- -
, 1. ( ),. (2)...,.,,,,,,,,,,,..,,.,.,,. ( (IDDM), ).,. 199636, 4,.,, 201993161, 157, 142, 120, 91, 25. (3),,.,.,.,,,,.,,. (), (, ), (,, ), (,, -- 124- -
), (, ), (, ), (), ( ), ( )., (,,, ).,.,,., (NIDDM).,,, ( ),., (, ).,,. 2).,,,.,,,,., ( ),,.,,,.,,,,,.,,.,,. -- 125- -
,, 1, 2. 2 3,. (2),.,..,,.,,. (3),,, 1.,,.,,,. (4),.,.,,.,,.,,,,.,,. -- 126- -
(5),, ( ),.,,. (6)..,. -- 127- -
98-5 199812 199812 6-7 2 0342) 713-3295 FAX 0342) 718-4123 2272-4011 2272-4016 <> -- 128- -