01-최광동

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "01-최광동"

Transcription

1 대한임상신경생리학회지 8(1):1~5, 2006 ISSN 서울대학교의과대학분당서울대병원신경과학교실, 부산대학교의과대학신경과학교실의학연구소, 충남대학교의과대학신경과학교실 최광동 오선영 김지수 Head Thrust Test Kwang-Dong Choi, M.D.*, Sun-Young Oh, M.D., Ji Soo Kim, M.D. Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul National University undang Hospital, Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute*, Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital The head thrust maneuver is a simple bedside test of the higher frequency vestibulo-ocular reflex, which is based on Ewald's second law. It is performed by grasping the patient's head and applying a brief, small-amplitude, high-acceleration head turn, first to one side and then to the other. The patient fixates on the examiner's nose and the examiner watches for corrective rapid eye movements (saccades), which are a sign of decreased vestibular response. The "catch-up" saccades after a head thrust in one direction indicate a peripheral vestibular lesion on that side (in the labyrinth or the 8 th nerve including the root's entry zone in the brain stem). n individual pair of vertical semicircular canals can also be stimulated by turning the head to the right or left by 45 and then by rotating the head in the pitch plane relative to the body. Recent studies have suggested that assessment of individual semicircular canal function by head thrust test may provide useful information for anatomical and functional details of a variety of peripheral vestibulopathies and for predicting the prognosis of vestibular neuritis. In central vestibulopathy, the head thrust test may also be valuable sign to determine dysfunction of the central pathways from individual semicircular canals and its role for the development of diverse central nystagmus. Key Words: Head thrust test, Semicircular canal function, Vestibulopathy 서 론 전정안반사 (vestibulo-ocular reflex, VOR) 는머리회전시머리회전속도와동일하게반대방향으로안구를움직임으로서선명한시각 (vision) 을얻게하는반응으로, 전정신경의머리회전속도정보가전정신경핵 (vestibular nucleus) 을거쳐안구운동신경원 (ocular ddress for correspondence Ji Soo Kim, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University Seoul National University undang Hospital 300 Gumi-dong, undang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, , Korea Tel: Fax: jisookim@snu.ac.kr motor neuron) 으로전달되어발생한다. 1 전정안반사는잠복기가 16 ms 이내로다른안구운동들에비해상당히짧아, 머리회전에대해보다신속하게안구운동을유도한다. 전정안반사는머리회전에반응하는반고리관 (semicircular canal) 에의해유발되는각전정안반사 (angular VOR) 와머리의기울임, 상하또는전후운동과중력등이주어지는상태를감지하는이석기관 (otolithic organ) 에의하여유발되는선전정안반사 (translational VOR) 로분류할수있다. 전정안반사는저주파에서고주파영역전반에결쳐작동하며, 저주파영역에서의이득 (gain) 은 0.3~0.6으로낮은데반해, 고주파영역 (1~5 Hz) 에서는 1에가깝다. 낮은저주파영역에서의이득은원활추종운동 (smooth pursuit) 으로보상된다. 일상생활에서의전정안반사는대부분고주파영역 (1~5 Hz) 에서 Copyright 2006 by the Korean Society for Clinical Neurophysiology 1

2 최광동 오선영 김지수 이루어지며, 일상적인보행 (locomotion) 시에도 0.5~5 Hz 고개흔들림이발생한다. 2 하지만, 임상에서흔히사용되고있는전정안반사의검사들은저주파영역에만국한되어있어 ( 온도안진검사 : Hz, 회전의자검사 : 0.01~0.64 Hz), 일상생활에서의전정안반사를반영하는데무리가있으며, 가쪽반고리관 (horizontal semicircular canal) 의기능평가에만국한되어있다는한계점이있다. 이에반해 (head thrust test) 는 2 Hz 이상고주파영역에서의전정안반사를평가할수있고, 임상에서누구나손쉽게시행할수있으며, 무엇보다도수직반고리관들의기능평가가가능하다는점에서임상적중요성이크다. 본장에서는의원리, 검사법과실제말초및중추성전정신경병증에서의임상적적용에대해설명하고자한다. 검사원리 의원리는빠른속도로반고리관을자극할때흥분성자극이억제성자극보다강하다는 Ewald 제 2 법칙에근거를둔다. 1 수평전정안반사의경우, 머리가수직축을중심으로우측으로회전하면 (yawing) 우측가쪽반고리관의내림프는팽대부방향으로움직여흥분성신호가발생하고, 반대로좌측가쪽반고리관에서는반팽대부방향으로내림프가움직여억제성신호가발생한다. 우측가쪽반고리관의흥분성신호는우측전정신경핵의제 I 형신경세포와좌측의제 II 형신경세포를흥분시키므로좌측제 I 형신경세포는좌측가쪽반고리관의억제성신호와억제성신경세포인인접한제 II 형신경세포의흥분에의하여더욱억제되고, 또한흥분된우측의제 I 형신경세포는교차로 (commissural fiber) 를통한억제성신호에의하여탈억제된제 II 형신경세포의영향으로더욱흥분되어일차구심성신경을통한신호보다더욱강화된원심성신호가유발된다. 1,3 가쪽반고리관에서기원한일차구심신경섬유는안쪽및가쪽전정신경핵 (medial and lateral vestibular nucleus) 으로전달되며, 흥분성 신호는반대편외전신경핵 (abducens nucleus) 을통해왼쪽외직근 (lateral rectus muscle) 을수축시키고, 동시에외전신경의중간신경세포는안쪽세로다발 (medial longitudinal lemniscus, MLF) 을통해반대편동안신경핵 (oculomotor nucleus) 에흥분성신호를전달하여우측내직근 (medial rectus muscle) 을수축시킴으로써결과적으로양쪽안구는좌측으로회전한다. 1 원숭이와사람의전정신경은휴지기에도약 90 spikes/s 로흥분을하고있으며, 4,5 전정계회전속도에대한민감도는약 0.5 spikes/ /s 로 180 /s 의회전속도에서억제성자극은거의 0 으로떨어진다. 따라서, 일측말초성전정신경병증의경우병변쪽으로 180 /s 미만의저주파머리회전에서는정상인반대편내이의억제성신호에의해전정안반사가유지되지만, 180 /s 이상의고주파회전에서는억제성신호가 0 이하로떨어질수없기때문에적절한전정안반사가발생하지못하므로가양성으로나타난다. 수직반고리관들에서의도같은원리로설명될수있다. 검사방법 1. 수평반고리관검사 양손으로환자의머리를잡고검사자의코를쳐다보도록한뒤, 고개를좌측또는우측으로약 10~20 정도회전시킨상태에서빠른속도 ( 회전속도 200~400 /s, 가속도 2000~4000 /s 2 ) 로정면으로고개를회전시키면서, 환자의눈을관찰한다 (Fig. 1). 6 고개회전시회전방향과반대로향하는한번이상의교정성단속운동 (corrective saccade) 이관찰되면양성으로판단한다. 과거에환자가직접고개를회전하는능동적 (active) 가시행되기도하였으나, 검사의예민도가떨어져서실제임상에서는수동적 (passive) 검사만을시행한다 수직반고리관검사 앞반고리관 (anterior semicircular canal) 은수직평 Figure 1. Head thrust test of horizontal semicircular canals. () With subject's face turned a little to the right and her eyes fixed on a distant target, subject waits for her head to be moved rapidly to left by examiner. () fter leftward head movement, gaze is still fixed on target so that no refixation saccades are required. 2 J Korean Society for Clinical Neurophysiology / Volume 8 / June, 2006

3 면에서 41 전외방으로, 뒤반고리관 (posterior semicircular canal) 은 56 후외방으로위치하며, 앞반고리관과뒤반고리관은서로 90 도의각도를유지하고있다. 가쪽반고리관과마찬가지로수직반고리관도서로쌍을이루고 있는데우측의앞반고리관과좌측의뒤반고리관, 우측의뒤반고리관과좌측의앞반고리관이쌍을이루고있어, 한쪽이자극되면쌍을이루는반대쪽의반고리관은억제가이루어지는기능적인짝 (functional pair) 을형성하고있다 (Fig. 2). 고개를좌측으로약 45 회전시키면우측앞반고리관과좌측뒤반고리관이정면을향하게되고, 이자세에서아래쪽으로빠르게고개를회전시키면우측앞반고리관이흥분하게되어안구는상방으로움직인다 (Fig. 3). 8 반대로상방으로의빠른머리회전시에는좌측뒤반고리관의흥분으로안구가하방으로움직인다. 마찬가지로고개를우측으로약 45 회전시킨상태에서는좌측앞반고리관과우측후반고리관의기능을평가할수있다. 3. 검사실검사 Figure 2. Functional pairs of semicircular canals. 기존의전기또는비디오안구운동기록기로는머리의움직임을측정할수없고, 비디오안구운동기록기의경우고글에움직임을측정할수있는장치를부착한다하더라도, 두부충동시고글의미끌어짐이발생할수있고, 수직방향으로머리회전시고글때문에환자의시야가가려져목표물을놓치는경향이있으며, 낮은 sampling 속도 (60 Hz) 등의문제로인해현재두부충동을이용한안구 C D E F Figure 3. Head thrust test of vertical semicircular canals. () Right anterior/left posterior semicircular canals plane (RLP) with head rotated to the left and head thrust test of right anterior () and left posterior canals (C). (D) Left anterior/right posterior semicircular canals plane (LRP) with head rotated to the right and head thrust test of left anterior (E) and right posterior canals (F). J Korean Society for Clinical Neurophysiology / Volume 8 / June,

4 최광동 오선영 김지수 운동의측정은자기추적코일장치 (scleral magnetic search coil system) 를이용하고있다. 환자를자기장이흐르는정육면체모양의자기추적틀내에위치시키고, 두개의코일중하나는환자의한쪽눈에부착하여안구운동을측정하고, 다른하나는이마에부착하여고개움직임을측정한다. 검사도중환자는안구로부터약 90 cm 떨어진목표물을지속적으로주시하도록한뒤빠른속도 ( 회전속도 200~400 /s, 가속도 2000~4000 /s 2 ) 로고개를각방향으로회전시켜전정안반사의이득을구한다. 전정안반사의이득은안구운동의속도에대한고개움직임속도로구할수있다 (Fig. 4). 8 임상적적용 1. 말초성신경병증 1988 년에 Halmagyi 와 Curthoys 등이전정신경절제술 (vestibular neurectomy) 을받은환자들을대상으로처음시행한이후는현재까지반고리관의기능을평가하는임상검사로널리시행되고있다. 6 전정신경절단술을받은환자에서의민감도는 100% 까지보고되고있고, 6,9 자기추적코일장치로이러한환자들을추적관찰한연구들에의하면의이상은수년후에도지속된다고알려져있다. 이에반해, 비수술적인일측성전정신경병증에서의민감도는 35~71%, 특이도는 84~95 % 로비교적낮게보고되고있으며, 전정신경염후자기추적코일장치로추적관찰한 연구들에의하면전정신경절단술을받은환자와는달리첫수주이내부터저하되었던병변측의이득이회복되기시작한다고한다. 14 이는손상되었던말초전정기관의회복에의하거나남아있던전정신경에의한중추성보상기전에기인하는것으로알려져있다. 일반적으로는온도안진검사에서비대칭성이 50% 이상인경우양성으로나타나며, 15 최근의한보고에의하면전정신경염의급성기에가양성인환자들의경우온도안진검사의회복율이낮아급성기의양성유무가전정신경염의예후에도중요하다고한다 년이후부터는수직반고리관에대한가시행되어내이의모든전정기관에대한개별적인기능평가가가능하게되었고, 8 이를통해말초성전정신경병증의해부학적침범정도와병리학적특성 ( 신경병증또는혈관병증 ) 등을간접적으로알수있게되었다. 보고된논문들에의하면, 전정신경염환자들의일부에서는병변측모든반고리관들의기능이저하되어, 전정신경염이아래전정신경 (inferior vestibular nerve) 도같이침범할수있음을주장하기도하였고, 17 난치성메니에르병 (Meniere's disease) 으로전정신경절단술을받은후에도반복적인어지럼증을호소하는환자들의경우기능이남아있는뒤반고리관에서어지럼증이발생하는것이밝혀지기도하였다 중추성신경병증 중추성전정신경병증에서는를이용한연 C Figure 4. Head thrust test with magnetic search coil technique. () The eye coil is placed on the suject's left eye and the head coil is mounted on the subject's forehead. Head and gaze velocities in semicircular canal paresis (ICP) values for lateral, anterior, and posterior semicircular canals. Gaze is stable in normal subject () in response to head impulse, and therefore, the ICP values are low. Gaze is unstable in a patient unilateral superior vestibular neuritis (C) during head impulse toward the affected lateral and anterior semicircular canals. 4 J Korean Society for Clinical Neurophysiology / Volume 8 / June, 2006

5 구가많지않아향후활발한연구가필요할것으로생각된다. 몇몇보고들에의하면, 하향안진 (downbeat nystagmus) 을가진환자에서수평 (yaw), 수직 (pitch), 회선 (roll) 가정상인점으로미루어, 수직전정안반사의불균형이하향안진의직접적인원인이아닐수있음을주장하기도하였고, 19 우측핵간안근마비 (internuclear ophthalmoplegia, INO) 환자에서시행한에서좌측의뒤반고리관의기능은심하게저하되어있는데반해좌측의앞반고리관의기능은비교적유지되어있어, 앞반고리관의중추성경로가안쪽세로다발이아닌, 다른경로를경유할것이라고주장하기도하였다. 20 결 론 는임상적으로말초성전정신경병증을진단하는데있어아주손쉽고, 우수한검사이다. 모든반고리관들에대한기능적평가를통해말초성전정신경병증의해부학적침범정도를평가할수있고, 이를통해병변의특성을유추하거나, 전정신경염의경과관찰시회복정도및예후를예측하는데도유용하다. 또한, 중추성전정신경병증의경우각반고리관에서기원하는전정안반사로의기능을개별적으로평가할수있어다양한유형의안진발생에이들전정안반사로의기능적이상이어떤역할을하는지에대한연구에있어서도효과적인분석틀을제공할수있으며, 이들반사로의해부학적경로를규명하는데도유용할것으로판단된다. REFERENCES 01. Leigh RJ, Zee DS. The neurology of eye movements. New York: Oxford University Press, Grossman GE, Leigh RJ, bel L, Lanska DJ, Thurston SE. Frequency and velocity of rotational head perturbations during locomotion. Exp rain Res 1988;70: Carleton SC, Carpenter M. fferent and efferent connections of the medial, inferior and lateral vestibular nuclei in the cat and monkey. rain Res 1983;278: Goldberg JM, Fernandez C. Physiology of peripheral neurons innervating semicircular canals of the squirrel monkey. I. Resting discharge and response to constant angular acceleration. J Neurophysiol 1971;34: Miles F, raitman DJ. Long-term adaptive changes in primate vestibuloocular reflex. II. Electrophysiological observations on semicircular canal primary afferents. J Neurophysiol 1980;43: Halmagyi GM, Curthoys IS. clinical sign of canal paresis. rch Neurol 1988;45: lack R, Halmagyi GM, Thurtell MJ, Todd MJ, Curthoys IS. The active head-impulse test in unilateral vestibulopathy. rch Neurol 2005;62: Cremer PD, Halmagyi GM, w ST, et al. Semicircular canal plane head impulses detect absent function of individual semicircular canals. rain 1998;121: Halmagyi GM, Curthoys IS, Cremer PD, et al. The human horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex in responses to highacceleration stimulation before and after unilateral vestibular neurectomy. Exp rain Res 1990;81: Harvey S, Wood DJ, Feroah TR. Relationship of the head impulse test and head-shake nystagmus in reference to caloric testing. m J Otol 1997;18: Della Santina CC, Cremer PD, Carey JP, Minor L. Comparison of head thrust test with head autorotation test reveals that the vestibulo-ocular reflex is enhanced during voluntary head movements. rch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2002;128: Perez N, Rama-Lopez J. Head-impulse and caloric tests in patients with dizziness. Otol Neurotol 2003;24: Schubert MC, Tusa RJ, Grine LE, Herdman SJ. Optimizing the sensitivity of the head thrust test for identifying vestibular hypofunction. Phys Ther 2004;84: Palla, Straumann D. Recovery of the high-acceleration vestibulo-ocular reflex after vestibular neuritis. J ssoc Res Otolaryngol. 2004;5: Hamid M. More than a 50% canal paresis is needed for the head impulse test to be positive. Otol Neurotol 2005;26: Nuti D, Mandala M, roman T, Zee DS. cute vestibular neuritis: Prognosis based upon bedside clinical tests (Thrusts and Heaves). nn N Y cad Sci 2005;1039: w ST, Fetter M, Cremer PD, Karlberg M, Halmagyi GM. Individual semicircular canal function in superior and inferior vestibular neuritis. Neurology 2001;57: Lehnen N, w ST, Todd MJ, Halmagyi GM. Head impulse test reveals residual semicircular canal function after vestibular neurectomy. Neurology 2004;62: Glasauer S, von Lindeiner H, Siebold C, uttner U. Vertical vestibular responses to head impulses are symmetric in downbeat nystagmus. Neurology 2004;63: Cremer PD, Migliaccio, Halmagyi GM, Curthoys IS. Vestibulo-ocular reflex pathways in internuclear ophthalmoplegia. nn Neurol 1999;45: J Korean Society for Clinical Neurophysiology / Volume 8 / June,

975_983 특집-한규철, 정원호

975_983 특집-한규철, 정원호 Focused Issue of This Month Gyu Cheol an, MD Department of Otolaryngology ead & Neck Surgery, Gachon University of College Medicine E - mail : han@gilhospital.com Won-o Jung, MD Department of Otolaryngology

More information

KISEP Otology Korean J Otolaryngol 2000;43:482-7 수직반고리관기능짝에대한회전검사 한규철 Analysis of Vertical Semicircular Canal Rotational Test in Healthy Adults Gyu Ch

KISEP Otology Korean J Otolaryngol 2000;43:482-7 수직반고리관기능짝에대한회전검사 한규철 Analysis of Vertical Semicircular Canal Rotational Test in Healthy Adults Gyu Ch KISEP Otology Korean J Otolaryngol 2000;43:482-7 수직반고리관기능짝에대한회전검사 한규철 Analysis of Vertical Semicircular Canal Rotational Test in Healthy Adults Gyu Cheol Han, MD Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck

More information

untitled

untitled Research in Vestibular Science Vol. 14, No. 1, March 2015 Review pissn 2092-8882, eissn 2093-5501 전정질환에서두부충동검사의이용 전남대학교의과대학신경과학교실 이승한 Clinical Application of the Head Impulse Test in Vestibular Disorders

More information

<BFF8C0FA30332DC1A4BCBAC7D82E687770>

<BFF8C0FA30332DC1A4BCBAC7D82E687770> Research in Vestibular Science Vol. 9, No. 2, June 2010 Original Article pissn 2092-8882, eissn 2093-5501 자발안진에대한갈바니전기자극의효과 : 전정신경염과메니에르병에서예비연구 서울대학교의과대학신경과학교실, 분당서울대병원신경과 1, 충남대학교병원신경과 2 정성해 1,2, 김지수

More information

ECG & EP CASES Young-Keun On, MD, PhD Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Cardiac & Vascular Center, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea A case of

More information

대한안신경의학회지 : 제 5 권제 1 호 Clin Neuroophthalmol 5(1):15-19, June 2015 ISSN: REVIEW 전정안반사 최정윤 고려대학교안산병원신경과 Vestibulo-ocular Reflex Jeong-Yoon Cho

대한안신경의학회지 : 제 5 권제 1 호 Clin Neuroophthalmol 5(1):15-19, June 2015 ISSN: REVIEW 전정안반사 최정윤 고려대학교안산병원신경과 Vestibulo-ocular Reflex Jeong-Yoon Cho 대한안신경의학회지 : 제 5 권제 1 호 ISSN: 2234-0971 REVIEW 전정안반사 최정윤 고려대학교안산병원신경과 Vestibulo-ocular Reflex Jeong-Yoon Choi, MD Department of Neurology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea In this review, anatomical

More information

untitled

untitled 구자원외 3 인. 후반고리관단독이상을보인돌발성난청환자 Research in Vestibular Science Vol. 16, No. 4, December 2017 Case Report pissn 2092-8882, eissn 2093-5501 https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2017.16.4.161 후반고리관기능이상만을보인현훈을동반한돌발성난청환자

More information

992_1006 특집_최광동_고의경

992_1006 특집_최광동_고의경 Focused Issue of This Month Vestibular Neuritis and Bilateral Vestibulopathy Kwang- Dong Choi, MD Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Medical School E - mail : choikwangdong@hanmail.net

More information

KISEP Otology Korean J Otolaryngol 2000;43:7-14 청신경종의크기에따른어지러움의양상및전정기능검사의특징 정원호 홍성화 조양선 김성민 장병찬 최재연 이승진 Characteristics of Vertigo Manifestations and

KISEP Otology Korean J Otolaryngol 2000;43:7-14 청신경종의크기에따른어지러움의양상및전정기능검사의특징 정원호 홍성화 조양선 김성민 장병찬 최재연 이승진 Characteristics of Vertigo Manifestations and KISEP Otology Korean J Otolaryngol 2000;43:7-14 청신경종의크기에따른어지러움의양상및전정기능검사의특징 정원호 홍성화 조양선 김성민 장병찬 최재연 이승진 Characteristics of Vertigo Manifestations and Vestibular Function Tests in Patients with Acoustic

More information

untitled

untitled J Korean Balance Soc 2006;5(2):253-261 소뇌교각종양환자에서관찰되는전정기능검사의결과 건국대학교의학전문대학원이비인후 - 두경부외과학교실 신향애, 정용수, 유진석, 박홍주 Results of Vestibular Function Tests in Patients with Cerebello-Pontine Aangle Tumors Hyang

More information

untitled

untitled Research in Vestibular Science Vol. 14, No. 4, December 2015 Original Article pissn 2092-8882, eissn 2093-5501 전정신경염에서비디오두부충동검사를이용한전정기능회복평가 순천향대학교의과대학 1 부천병원신경과학교실, 2 서울병원신경과학교실, 3 천안병원신경과학교실 김준현 1, 이태경

More information

Fluoroscopic anatomy for supraventricular tachycardia ablation Hui-Nam Pak, MD, PhD Division of Cardiology, Yonsei Cariovascular Center and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College

More information

KISEP Otology Korean J Otolaryngol 1999;42: 외측반규관기원의양성발작성두위안진 연세대학교의과대학이비인후과학교실 정운교 이원상 김문석 이주환 이세영 Direction Changing Positional Nystagmus from

KISEP Otology Korean J Otolaryngol 1999;42: 외측반규관기원의양성발작성두위안진 연세대학교의과대학이비인후과학교실 정운교 이원상 김문석 이주환 이세영 Direction Changing Positional Nystagmus from KISEP Otology Korean J Otolaryngol 1999;42:576-81 외측반규관기원의양성발작성두위안진 연세대학교의과대학이비인후과학교실 정운교 이원상 김문석 이주환 이세영 Direction Changing Positional Nystagmus from Canalolithiasis and Cupulolithiasis of Lateral Semicircular

More information

(

( 317 318 319 320 1 3 5 5 5 5 2 321 : 1.,,,,, 06 2. X-ray beam penetration (density) (contrast) 03 3. patch coating, precipitation, flaking 03 4. centering 03 5. Esophagus, cardia, fundus, body, angle, antrum,

More information

<30322EBABBB9AE2E687770>

<30322EBABBB9AE2E687770> Research in Vestibular Science Vol. 8, No. 2 Suppl. 1, December 2009 Symposium ISSN 2092-8882 반고리관기능의이학적검사 고려대학교의과대학이비인후과학교실 채성원 Laboratory Tests for Semicircular Canal Function Sung Won Chae, MD Department

More information

KISEP 흰쥐에서일측전정기관손상후전정안구반사의회복과내측전정신경핵에서 c-fos 단백질발현과의관계 * Abstract 황오성 이문영 김민선 박병림 이정헌 김종길 송영창 곽기용 Relationship between Recovery of Vestibulo

KISEP 흰쥐에서일측전정기관손상후전정안구반사의회복과내측전정신경핵에서 c-fos 단백질발현과의관계 * Abstract 황오성 이문영 김민선 박병림 이정헌 김종길 송영창 곽기용 Relationship between Recovery of Vestibulo KISEP 40 5 1997 흰쥐에서일측전정기관손상후전정안구반사의회복과내측전정신경핵에서 c-fos 단백질발현과의관계 * Abstract 황오성 이문영 김민선 박병림 이정헌 김종길 송영창 곽기용 Relationship between Recovery of Vestibuloocular Reflex and c-fos Protein Expression in Medial

More information

09È«¼®¿µ 5~152s

09È«¼®¿µ5~152s Korean Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol.23, No.2, 2007, pp.45~52 Measurement of Backscattering Coefficients of Rice Canopy Using a Ground Polarimetric Scatterometer System Suk-Young Hong*, Jin-Young Hong**,

More information

7 1 ( 12 ) 1998. 1913 ( 1912 ) 4. 3) 1916 3 1918 4 1919. ( ) 1 3 1, 3 1. 1.. 1919 1920. 4) ( ), ( ),. 5) 1924 4 ( ) 1. 1925 1. 2). ( ). 6). ( ). ( ).

7 1 ( 12 ) 1998. 1913 ( 1912 ) 4. 3) 1916 3 1918 4 1919. ( ) 1 3 1, 3 1. 1.. 1919 1920. 4) ( ), ( ),. 5) 1924 4 ( ) 1. 1925 1. 2). ( ). 6). ( ). ( ). 7 1 ( 12 ) : 1-11, 1998 K orean J M ed H ist 7 : 1-11, 1998 ISSN 1225-505X * **.,.., 1960.... 1) ( ) 1896 3 2 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2. 1), 14 1909 1,. 14 17 1913. 2)..,. ( ) ( ),. * 1998 (1998. 5. 7). ** 1).

More information

Lumbar spine

Lumbar spine Lumbar spine CT 32 111 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.111 Lumbar Spine CT 32 Received : 10. 05. 23 Revised : 10. 06. 04 Accepted : 10. 06. 11 Key Words: Disc herniation, CT scan, Clinical analysis The Clinical

More information

untitled

untitled 이원구외 2 인. 외전마비와불완전하전마비를동반한수직하나반증후군 Research in Vestibular Science Vol. 16, No. 4, December 2017 Case Report pissn 2092-8882, eissn 2093-5501 https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2017.16.4.151 중뇌-시상경색증에서반대쪽외전마비와불완전하전마비를동반한수직하나반증후군

More information

untitled

untitled Research in Vestibular Science Vol. 16, No. 2, June 2017 Case Report pissn 2092-8882, eissn 2093-5501 https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2017.16.2.57 수평전정안구반사소실이주증상인베르니케뇌병증 4 예 1 전북대학교병원신경과, 2 전북대학교의과대학신경과학교실

More information

Research in Vestibular Science Vol. 11, Suppl. 1, June 2012 Symposium II pissn , eissn 진동에의한주관적시수직 - 수평의편위 단국대학교의과대학이비인후 - 두경부외과학교실

Research in Vestibular Science Vol. 11, Suppl. 1, June 2012 Symposium II pissn , eissn 진동에의한주관적시수직 - 수평의편위 단국대학교의과대학이비인후 - 두경부외과학교실 Research in Vestibular Science Vol. 11, Suppl. 1, June 2012 Symposium II pissn 2092-8882, eissn 2093-5501 진동에의한주관적시수직 - 수평의편위 단국대학교의과대학이비인후 - 두경부외과학교실 정재윤 Vibration Induced Shift of Subjective Visual Vertical-Horizontal

More information

KISEP Otology Korean J Otolaryngol 1999;42: 수평반고리관양성발작성두위현기증 김영기 윤용주 김인 Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo of the Horizontal Semicircular Cana

KISEP Otology Korean J Otolaryngol 1999;42: 수평반고리관양성발작성두위현기증 김영기 윤용주 김인 Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo of the Horizontal Semicircular Cana KISEP Otology Korean J Otolaryngol 1999;42:836-42 수평반고리관양성발작성두위현기증 김영기 윤용주 김인 Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo of the Horizontal Semicircular Canal Young Ki Kim, MD, Yong Joo Yoon, MD and In Kim MD

More information

16_이주용_155~163.hwp

16_이주용_155~163.hwp 사상체질의학회지 2008;20(2):155-163 J of Sasang Constitutional Medicine Vol. 20, No. 2, 2008:155-163 http://www.esasang.com 腦 梗 塞 으로 발생한 少 陽 人 半 身 舞 蹈 病 患 者 치험 1례 이주용 이한얼 한경수 안택원 Abstract 대전대학교 한의과대학 사상체질과 A Soyangin

More information

Kjhps016( ).hwp

Kjhps016( ).hwp Surgical Extent and Types in Pancreatic Cancer Song Cheol Kim, M.D. Department of Surgery, Ulsan University College of Medicine & Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea Pancreatic cancer continues to pose a

More information

제5회 가톨릭대학교 의과대학 마취통증의학교실 심포지엄 Program 1 ANESTHESIA (Room 2층 대강당) >> Session 4 Updates on PNB Techniques PNB Techniques for shoulder surgery: continuou

제5회 가톨릭대학교 의과대학 마취통증의학교실 심포지엄 Program 1 ANESTHESIA (Room 2층 대강당) >> Session 4 Updates on PNB Techniques PNB Techniques for shoulder surgery: continuou 제5회 가톨릭대학교 의과대학 마취통증의학교실 심포지엄 (Room 2층 대강당) >> Session 4 Updates on PNB Techniques PNB Techniques for shoulder surgery: continuous vs single injection, interscalene vs supraclavicular approach 의정부성모병원

More information

Res Vestibul Sci Vol. 11, Suppl. 1, Jun 자발안진 Figure 2. Diagram of tow components of nystagmus: slow and fast. By convention, upward deflections

Res Vestibul Sci Vol. 11, Suppl. 1, Jun 자발안진 Figure 2. Diagram of tow components of nystagmus: slow and fast. By convention, upward deflections Research in Vestibular Science Vol. 11, Suppl. 1, June 2012 Symposium I pissn 2092-8882, eissn 2093-5501 안진의해석 서울대학교의과대학이비인후과학교실, 분당서울대학교병원이비인후과 한규희, 구자원 Interpretation of Nystagmus Kyu-Hee Han, MD, Ja-Won

More information

2 1896 2 26 ( ) 2 7-20 2) 1897 1898 ( )3) 6 1902 8 1904 10 10 (19 05-1914 ) ( ) ( ) 4) 1915 ( ) ( ) 1917 2) 3) 4) 285

2 1896 2 26 ( ) 2 7-20 2) 1897 1898 ( )3) 6 1902 8 1904 10 10 (19 05-1914 ) ( ) ( ) 4) 1915 ( ) ( ) 1917 2) 3) 4) 285 13 2 ( 25 ) 2004 12 Korean J Med Hist 13 284 296 Dec 2004 ISSN 1225 505X 1) * ** ** 1 1920 1930 40 ( 1896-1973) 80 * ** 1) 2003 284 2 1896 2 26 ( ) 2 7-20 2) 1897 1898 ( )3) 6 1902 8 1904 10 10 (19 05-1914

More information

16(1)-3(국문)(p.40-45).fm

16(1)-3(국문)(p.40-45).fm w wz 16«1y Kor. J. Clin. Pharm., Vol. 16, No. 1. 2006 x w$btf3fqpsu'psn û w m w Department of Statistics, Chonnam National University Eunsik Park College of Natural Sciences, Chonnam National University

More information

Pharmacotherapeutics Application of New Pathogenesis on the Drug Treatment of Diabetes Young Seol Kim, M.D. Department of Endocrinology Kyung Hee Univ

Pharmacotherapeutics Application of New Pathogenesis on the Drug Treatment of Diabetes Young Seol Kim, M.D. Department of Endocrinology Kyung Hee Univ Application of New Pathogenesis on the Drug Treatment of Diabetes Young Seol Kim, M.D. Department of Endocrinology Kyung Hee University College of Medicine & Hospital E mail : ycell2@yahoo.co.kr Abstract

More information

<30312EC1BEBCB32DB9DDC0E7C8A32E687770>

<30312EC1BEBCB32DB9DDC0E7C8A32E687770> Research in Vestibular Science Vol. 8, No. 2, December 2009 Review ISSN 2092-8882 전정구심성및원심성신경의전기생리학적반응 성균관대학교의과대학강북삼성병원이비인후과 반재호 Electrophysiologic Response of the Vestibular Afferents and Efferents Jae

More information

<283732372D3733312920B4D9C3CAC1A120BCD2C7C1C6AEC4DCC5C3C6AEB7BBC1EEC0C720B3EBBEC8C0C720BDC3B7C2BAB8C1A4BFA120B4EBC7D120C0AFBFEBBCBA20C6F2B0A1283035292E687770>

<283732372D3733312920B4D9C3CAC1A120BCD2C7C1C6AEC4DCC5C3C6AEB7BBC1EEC0C720B3EBBEC8C0C720BDC3B7C2BAB8C1A4BFA120B4EBC7D120C0AFBFEBBCBA20C6F2B0A1283035292E687770> 대한안과학회지 제 49 권 제 5 호 2008 J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 49(5):727-731, 2008 DOI : 10.3341/jkos.2008.49.5.727 다초점 소프트콘택트렌즈의 노안의 시력보정에 대한 유용성 평가 김현경 1 김효명 2 정성근 1 가톨릭대학교 의과대학 성모병원 안과학교실 1, 고려대학교 의과대학 안암병원 안과학교실

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI: : Researc

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI:   : Researc Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp.251-273 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.2.201706.251 : 1997 2005 Research Trend Analysis on the Korean Alternative Education

More information

1..

1.. Volume 12, Number 1, 6~16, Factors influencing consultation time and waiting time of ambulatory patients in a tertiary teaching hospital Jee-In Hwang College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University :

More information

44-4대지.07이영희532~

44-4대지.07이영희532~ A Spatial Location Analysis of the First Shops of Foodservice Franchise in Seoul Metropolitan City Younghee Lee* 1 1 (R) 0 16 1 15 64 1 Abstract The foodservice franchise is preferred by the founders who

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: * A Analysis of

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: * A Analysis of Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp.99-117 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.1.201803.99 2015 * A Analysis of the Characters and Issues about the 2015 Revised Social

More information

<3034BFF8C0FA2DC1A4BCBAC7D82E687770>

<3034BFF8C0FA2DC1A4BCBAC7D82E687770> Research in Vestibular Science Vol. 9, No. 3, September 2010 Original Article pissn 2092-8882, eissn 2093-5501 수평반고리관양성돌발성두위현훈의치료효과예측 : Gufoni 수기를이용한예비연구 충남대학교의학전문대학원신경과학교실 문정수, 신종욱, 김현정, 백인철, 오응석, 오지은,

More information

A 617

A 617 Special Issue Diabetic Retinopathy Won Ki Lee, M.D. Department of Ophthalmology The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine Kangnam St. Mary s Hospital E mail : wklee@catholic.ac.kr Abstract R

More information

<30322EBABBB9AE2E687770>

<30322EBABBB9AE2E687770> Research in Vestibular Science Vol. 9, Suppl. 1, June 2010 Symposium pissn 2092-8882, eissn 2093-5501 자발성및주시유발성안진 계명대학교의과대학신경과학교실 이형 Spontaneous and Gaze-evoked Nystagmus Lee Hyung, MD Department of Neurology,

More information

대한안신경의학회지 : 제 7 권제 2 호 Clin Neuroophthalmol 7(2):41-45, December 2017 ISSN: CASE REPORT 중추성안진과이상두부충동검사를보인항 Yo 항체를동반한부종양성소뇌변성 김지민 1,2 *, 조기현

대한안신경의학회지 : 제 7 권제 2 호 Clin Neuroophthalmol 7(2):41-45, December 2017 ISSN: CASE REPORT 중추성안진과이상두부충동검사를보인항 Yo 항체를동반한부종양성소뇌변성 김지민 1,2 *, 조기현 대한안신경의학회지 : 제 7 권제 2 호 ISSN: 2234-0971 CASE REPORT 중추성안진과이상두부충동검사를보인항 Yo 항체를동반한부종양성소뇌변성 김지민 1,2 *, 조기현 1,2 *, 박명호 1,2, 이승한 1,2 1 전남대학교병원신경과, 2 전남대학교의과대학신경과학교실 Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration with

More information

현대패션의 로맨틱 이미지에 관한 연구

현대패션의 로맨틱 이미지에 관한 연구 한지닥섬유제품의인체생리반응및쾌적성평가 임순 Evaluation of Thermal Physiological Responses and Comfort in Dox Fabric Soon Im Professor, Dept. of Fashion Industry, Incheon National University This study performed the evaluation

More information

에너지경제연구 Korean Energy Economic Review Volume 9, Number 2, September 2010 : pp. 1~18 가격비대칭성검정모형민감도분석 1

에너지경제연구 Korean Energy Economic Review Volume 9, Number 2, September 2010 : pp. 1~18 가격비대칭성검정모형민감도분석 1 에너지경제연구 Korean Energy Economic Review Volume 9, Number 2, September 2010 : pp. 1~18 가격비대칭성검정모형민감도분석 1 2 3 < 표 1> ECM 을이용한선행연구 4 5 6 7 and 8 < 표 2> 오차수정모형 (ECM1~ECM4) 9 10 < 표 3> 민감도분석에쓰인더미변수 11 12 < 표

More information

- i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - 1) 통계청고시제 2010-150 호 (2010.7.6 개정, 2011.1.1 시행 ) - 4 - 요양급여의적용기준및방법에관한세부사항에따른골밀도검사기준 (2007 년 11 월 1 일시행 ) - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 -

More information

A Study on Married Female Immigrants Life Style and Marriage Satisfaction in Terms of Preparing Their Old Age in Chungcheongnam-do Department of Gerontology, Hoseo University Doctoral Student : Hi Ran

More information

12È«±â¼±¿Ü339~370

12È«±â¼±¿Ü339~370 http://www.kbc.go.kr/ k Si 2 i= 1 Abstract A Study on Establishment of Fair Trade Order in Terrestrial Broadcasting Ki - Sun Hong (Professor, Dept. of Journalism & Mass Communication,

More information

- i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - - 15 - - 16 - - 17 - - 18 - - 19 - α α - 20 - α α α α α α - 21 - - 22 - - 23 -

More information

06-AOCL hwp

06-AOCL hwp 검안및콘택트렌즈학회지 2019 년제 18 권제 2 호 Ann Optom Contact Lens 2019;18(2):61-65 ISSN 2384-0919 (Print) ISSN 2384-0927 (Online) Case Report 두단계수술적치료로교정된큰각의외편위를동반한양측성핵간안근마비 Two-staged Surgical Correction for Large

More information

장양수

장양수 한국문학논총 제70집(2015. 8) 333~360쪽 공선옥 소설 속 장소 의 의미 - 명랑한 밤길, 영란, 꽃같은 시절 을 중심으로 * 1)이 희 원 ** 1. 들어가며 - 장소의 인간 차 2. 주거지와 소유지 사이의 집/사람 3. 취약함의 나눔으로서의 장소 증여 례 4. 장소 소속감과 미의식의 가능성 5.

More information

Otology Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 2016;59(12): / pissn / eissn

Otology Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 2016;59(12): / pissn / eissn Otology Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 2016;59(12):819-24 / pissn 2092-5859 / eissn 2092-6529 https://doi.org/10.3342/kjorl-hns.2016.59.12.819 Clinical Characteristics of Traumatic Benign Paroxysmal

More information

<303620BFF8C0FA20C0CCC0AFC0E72DC0CCBAB4B5B72E687770>

<303620BFF8C0FA20C0CCC0AFC0E72DC0CCBAB4B5B72E687770> Research in Vestibular Science Vol. 11, No. 1, March 2012 Original Article pissn 2092-8882, eissn 2093-5501 전정유발근전위를이용한어지럼환자의전정기능평가 순천향대학교의과대학서울병원이비인후과학교실 이유재, 이찬구, 조상혁, 박영주, 김효진, 이권형, 이병돈 Vestibular Function

More information

2-1

2-1 Part Brain, Head & Neck PART Brain, Head & Neck Overview of brain Caudate nucleus Nucleus accumbens Globus pallidus Subthalamic nucleus Putamen Substantia nigra Cerebral corter Thalamus Nucleus subthalamicus

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 4, August, 30, 2016:319~332 Received: 2016/07/28, Accepted: 2016/08/28 Revised: 2016/08/27, Published: 2016/08/30 [ABSTRACT] This paper examined what determina

More information

±èÇ¥³â

±èÇ¥³â 533 Fig. 1. Dead zone. Nine echoes are positioned 2-10 mm below the scan surface with 1 mm distance. All nine echoes are clearly visualized. 534 Fig. 2. Vertical and horizontal measurement. 10 cm distance

More information

<30322EBABBB9AE2E687770>

<30322EBABBB9AE2E687770> 대한내과학회지 : 제 79 권부록 2 호 2010 심포지엄 어지럼증 서울대학교의과대학신경과학교실, 분당서울대학교병원신경과 김지수 개요 (Introduction) 일상활동이적절히이루어지기위해서는모든동작에서몸의균형이정확하게유지되어야한다. 몸의균형은주위환경속에서몸의상대적위치에대한지각과함께우리자신및주위물체의움직임을정확하게파악하고, 이에맞춰우리의행동을조절할수있는능력을필요로한다.

More information

untitled

untitled Research in Vestibular Science Vol. 14, No. 4, December 2015 Original Article pissn 2092-8882, eissn 2093-5501 지속되는향지성수평반고리관양성돌발성두위현훈의임상적특성 서남대학교의과대학명지병원이비인후과 고경민, 송미현, 박진우, 이준희, 신용국, 심대보 Clinical Characteristics

More information

<303120C1BEBCB320C0CCC5C2B0E62E687770>

<303120C1BEBCB320C0CCC5C2B0E62E687770> Research in Vestibular Science Vol. 12, No. 1, March 2013 Review pissn 2092-8882, eissn 2093-5501 양성돌발체위현훈에서안진의병태생리 순천향대학교의과대학부천병원신경과 이태경, 성기범 Pathophysiology of Nystagmus in Benign Paroxysmal Positional

More information

03-ÀÌÁ¦Çö

03-ÀÌÁ¦Çö 25 3 (2004 9 ) J Korean Oriental Med 2004;25(3):20-31 1), 2), 3) 1) 2) 3) Grope for a Summary Program about Intellectual Property Protection of Traditional Knowledge (TK)etc. Discussed in WIPO Hwan-Soo

More information

<3032BFF8C0FA2DB1E8B5BFBFED2E687770>

<3032BFF8C0FA2DB1E8B5BFBFED2E687770> Research in Vestibular Science Vol. 9, No. 3, September 2010 Original Article pissn 2092-8882, eissn 2093-5501 양성돌발성두위현훈환자의임상적분석 순천향대학교의과대학이비인후과학교실 배창희, 이인효, 박동욱, 김정은, 장혁순, 김동욱 Clinical Study of Benign

More information

歯kjmh2004v13n1.PDF

歯kjmh2004v13n1.PDF 13 1 ( 24 ) 2004 6 Korean J Med Hist 13 20 36 June 2004 ISSN 1225 505X * 1 1886 ( ) 1) 1905 * 1) 20 2) 1910 1926 1910 1926 1930 40 2 1899 1907 3) 4) 1908 1909 ( ) ( ) ( 2) 1995 1998 3) 1997 p 376 4) 1956

More information

- iii - - i - - ii - - iii - 국문요약 종합병원남자간호사가지각하는조직공정성 사회정체성과 조직시민행동과의관계 - iv - - v - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - α α α α - 15 - α α α α α α

More information

untitled

untitled Research in Vestibular Science Vol. 17, No. 1, March 2018 Original Article pissn 2092-8882, eissn 2093-5501 https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2018.17.1.18 가측반고리관양성돌발성체위성현훈에서관찰되는자발안진의임상적중요성 이준 1,*, 장세훈 2,*,

More information

<342EBEC8BCBABFAD2CB9DAC7E2C1D82E687770>

<342EBEC8BCBABFAD2CB9DAC7E2C1D82E687770> 大 韓 癩 學 會 誌 : 第 41 卷, 第 1 號 2008 Korean Leprosy Bulletin, Vol. 41, No. 1, June, 2008 마비성 하안검 외반증에 대한 lateral tarsal strip의 재조명 안성열 성형외과의원 1), 제일병원 피부과 2) 안성열 1), 박향준 2) - Abstract - Reappraisal of the

More information

untitled

untitled J Korean Balance Soc 2006;5(1):44-48 수면과 전정신경염 계명대학교 의과대학 신경과학교실 김현아, 이형 Sleep and Vestibular Neuritis Hyun-Ah Kim, M.D., Hyung Lee, M.D. Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Keimyung University

More information

Microsoft PowerPoint - ch03ysk2012.ppt [호환 모드]

Microsoft PowerPoint - ch03ysk2012.ppt [호환 모드] 전자회로 Ch3 iode Models and Circuits 김영석 충북대학교전자정보대학 2012.3.1 Email: kimys@cbu.ac.kr k Ch3-1 Ch3 iode Models and Circuits 3.1 Ideal iode 3.2 PN Junction as a iode 3.4 Large Signal and Small-Signal Operation

More information

<C1A63534C8B820BCBCB9CCB3AA2DC6EDC1FD2E687770>

<C1A63534C8B820BCBCB9CCB3AA2DC6EDC1FD2E687770> C-II. 안전하고 완전한 대장내시경을 위하여 Room C 김 지 원 서울대학교 의과대학 내과학교실, 서울특별시 보라매병원 내과 Difficult Colonoscopy: How to Overcome? Ji Won Kim Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University oramae Hospital, Seoul

More information

untitled

untitled 원 저 J Korean Neurol Assoc / Volume 22 / June, 2004 서울대학교의과대학신경과학교실, 부산대학교의과대학신경과학교실 * 문소영최광동 * 박성호김지수 Clinical Characteristics of Horizontal Canal Benign Positional Vertigo: Analysis of 97 Cases So Young

More information

RVC Robot Vaccum Cleaner

RVC Robot Vaccum Cleaner RVC Robot Vacuum 200810048 정재근 200811445 이성현 200811414 김연준 200812423 김준식 Statement of purpose Robot Vacuum (RVC) - An RVC automatically cleans and mops household surface. - It goes straight forward while

More information

대한한의학원전학회지26권4호-교정본(1125).hwp

대한한의학원전학회지26권4호-교정본(1125).hwp http://www.wonjeon.org http://dx.doi.org/10.14369/skmc.2013.26.4.267 熱入血室證에 대한 小考 1 2 慶熙大學校大學校 韓醫學科大學 原典學敎室 韓醫學古典硏究所 白裕相1, 2 *117) A Study on the Pattern of 'Heat Entering The Blood Chamber' 1, Baik 1

More information

ºÎÁ¤¸ÆV10N³»Áö

ºÎÁ¤¸ÆV10N³»Áö A case of atrioventricular dissociation with interference ABSTRACT Interference dissociation is one of the most interesting arrhythmias. Once thought to be a rare arrhythmia, it is now considered a very

More information

Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 라이프스타일은 개인 생활에 있어 심리적 문화적 사회적 모든 측면의 생활방식과 차이 전체를 말한다. 이러한 라이프스 타일은 사람의 내재된 가치관이나 욕구, 행동 변화를 파악하여 소비행동과 심리를 추측할 수 있고, 개인의

Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 라이프스타일은 개인 생활에 있어 심리적 문화적 사회적 모든 측면의 생활방식과 차이 전체를 말한다. 이러한 라이프스 타일은 사람의 내재된 가치관이나 욕구, 행동 변화를 파악하여 소비행동과 심리를 추측할 수 있고, 개인의 RESEARCH ARTICLE Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 한국 중년 여성의 라이프스타일이 메이크업 추구이미지와 화장품 구매행동에 미치는 영향 주영주 1 *, 이순희 2 1 서경대학교대학원미용예술학과, 2 신성대학교 미용예술계열 The Effects of The Life Style for Korean Middle Aged Women on

More information

untitled

untitled J Korean Balance Soc 2006;5(2):224-228 계명대학교의과대학신경과학교실 1,2, 원광대학교의과대학생리학교실 3,4 김현아 1,2, 이형 1,2, 박병림 3,4 Body Lateropulsion as an Isolated or Predominant Symptom of a Pontine Infarction Hyun-Ah Kim, M.D.

More information

012임수진

012임수진 Received : 2012. 11. 27 Reviewed : 2012. 12. 10 Accepted : 2012. 12. 12 A Clinical Study on Effect of Electro-acupuncture Treatment for Low Back Pain and Radicular Pain in Patients Diagnosed with Lumbar

More information

Crt114( ).hwp

Crt114( ).hwp cdna Microarray Experiment: Design Issues in Early Stage and the Need of Normalization Byung Soo Kim, Ph.D. 1, Sunho Lee, Ph.D. 2, Sun Young Rha, M.D., Ph.D. 3,4 and Hyun Cheol Chung, M.D., Ph.D. 3,4 1

More information

민속지_이건욱T 최종

민속지_이건욱T 최종 441 450 458 466 474 477 480 This book examines the research conducted on urban ethnography by the National Folk Museum of Korea. Although most people in Korea

More information

아태연구(송석원)13-2-05.hwp

아태연구(송석원)13-2-05.hwp 아태연구 제 13권 제 2호 2006년 11월 30일 pp.81~103 일본에서의 한국학연구 - 회고와 전망 宋 錫 源 경희대학교 사회과학부 정치외교학과 조교수 Ⅰ. 머리말 Ⅱ. 1945년 이전의 한국연구 Ⅲ. 1945년 이후의 한국연구 < 목 차 > Ⅳ. 맺음말 참고문헌 Abstract Key words(중심용어): 한국학(Korean studies), 식민지지배(colonial

More information

충북의대학술지 Chungbuk Med. J. Vol. 27. No. 1. 1~ Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease 환자의마취 : 증례보고 신일동 1, 이진희 1, 박상희 1,2 * 책임저자 : 박상희, 충북청주시서원구충대로 1 번지, 충북대학교

충북의대학술지 Chungbuk Med. J. Vol. 27. No. 1. 1~ Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease 환자의마취 : 증례보고 신일동 1, 이진희 1, 박상희 1,2 * 책임저자 : 박상희, 충북청주시서원구충대로 1 번지, 충북대학교 충북의대학술지 Chungbuk Med. J. Vol. 27. No. 1. 1~5 2017 Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease 환자의마취 : 증례보고 신일동 1, 이진희 1, 박상희 1,2 * 책임저자 : 박상희, 충북청주시서원구충대로 1 번지, 충북대학교의과대학마취통증의학교실, 의학연구소 (28644), happycat19@hanmail.net

More information

139~144 ¿À°ø¾àħ

139~144 ¿À°ø¾àħ 2 139 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.139 2 Received : 10. 04. 08 Revised : 10. 04. 26 Two Case Report on Wrist Ganglion Treated with Scolopendrid Pharmacopuncture Accepted : 10. 05. 04 Key Words: Wrist Ganglion,

More information

30이지은.hwp

30이지은.hwp VR의 가상광고에 나타난 그래픽영상 연구 -TV 스포츠 방송을 중심으로- A study of the graphic image that is presented in Virtual Advertising of VR(Virtual Reality) - Focused on TV Sports broadcasts - 이지은(Lee, ji eun) 조일산업(주) 디자인 실장

More information

( )Jkstro011.hwp

( )Jkstro011.hwp 비인강암의방사선치료결과및생존율에관한예후인자분석 2005 2 1 2005 3 28. :, Tel: 053)250-7665, Fax: 053)250-7984 E-mail: jhkim@dsmc.or.kr 정영연외 2 인 : 비인강암의예후인자분석 정영연외 2 인 : 비인강암의예후인자분석 Carcinoma of the nasopharynx treated by radiotherapy

More information

232 도시행정학보 제25집 제4호 I. 서 론 1. 연구의 배경 및 목적 사회가 다원화될수록 다양성과 복합성의 요소는 증가하게 된다. 도시의 발달은 사회의 다원 화와 밀접하게 관련되어 있기 때문에 현대화된 도시는 경제, 사회, 정치 등이 복합적으로 연 계되어 있어 특

232 도시행정학보 제25집 제4호 I. 서 론 1. 연구의 배경 및 목적 사회가 다원화될수록 다양성과 복합성의 요소는 증가하게 된다. 도시의 발달은 사회의 다원 화와 밀접하게 관련되어 있기 때문에 현대화된 도시는 경제, 사회, 정치 등이 복합적으로 연 계되어 있어 특 한국도시행정학회 도시행정학보 제25집 제4호 2012. 12 : pp.231~251 생활지향형 요소의 근린주거공간 분포특성 연구: 경기도 시 군을 중심으로* Spatial Distribution of Daily Life-Oriented Features in the Neighborhood: Focused on Municipalities of Gyeonggi Province

More information

50-5대지05장후은.indd

50-5대지05장후은.indd 대한지리학회지 제50권 제5호 2015(515~526)? 인문사회계열의 산학협력과 지역발전: 일본 사례를 중심으로 장후은* 이종호** 허선영*** University-Industry Collaboration of Humanities and Social Sciences Majors and Regional Development: The Case of Japan

More information

Microsoft Word doc

Microsoft Word doc online ML Comm DOI 10.3342/kjorl-hns.2008.51.12.1155 수평반고리관과후반고리관의양측성양성돌발성두위현훈 단국대학교의과대학이비인후과학교실 서명환 배승현 정재윤 이정구 Bilateral Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo of Horizontal Canal and Posterior Canal Myung-Whan

More information

untitled

untitled Research in Vestibular Science Vol. 14, No. 1, March 2015 Review pissn 2092-8882, eissn 2093-5501 전정유발근전위의기본원리와방법 서울대학교병원이비인후과 이민영, 서명환 The Principle and Methodology of Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential

More information

Jkbcs016(92-97).hwp

Jkbcs016(92-97).hwp Expression of bcl-2 and Apoptosis and Its Relationship to Clinicopathological Prognostic Factors in Breast Cancer - A Study with Long Term Follow-up correlated with the survival rate.(journal of Korean

More information

<31382D322D3420BDC5B1D4C8AF5FB3EDB9AE28C3D6C1BEBABB292E687770>

<31382D322D3420BDC5B1D4C8AF5FB3EDB9AE28C3D6C1BEBABB292E687770> 醫 史 學 제18권 제2호(통권 제35호) 2009년 12월 Korean J Med Hist 18ː57 72 18ː173-188 Dec. Dec. 2009 2009 C 大 韓 醫 史 學 會 ISSN ISSN 1225 505X 1225-505X 지방병 연구와 식민지배 : 1927년 영흥 및 해남지역 에메틴 중독사건을 중심으로 신 규 환* 1. 머리말 2. 일제의

More information

[ 영어영문학 ] 제 55 권 4 호 (2010) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1) Kyuchul Yoon, Ji-Yeon Oh & Sang-Cheol Ahn. Teaching English prosody through English poems with clon

[ 영어영문학 ] 제 55 권 4 호 (2010) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1) Kyuchul Yoon, Ji-Yeon Oh & Sang-Cheol Ahn. Teaching English prosody through English poems with clon [ 영어영문학 ] 제 55 권 4 호 (2010) 775-794 ( ) ( ) ( ) 1) Kyuchul Yoon, Ji-Yeon Oh & Sang-Cheol Ahn. Teaching English prosody through English poems with cloned native intonation. The purpose of this work is to

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 10, Oct ,,. 0.5 %.., cm mm FR4 (ε r =4.4)

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 10, Oct ,,. 0.5 %.., cm mm FR4 (ε r =4.4) THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2018 Oct.; 29(10), 799 804. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2018.29.10.799 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Method

More information

PowerPoint 프레젠테이션

PowerPoint 프레젠테이션 RecurDyn 의 Co-simulation 와 하드웨어인터페이스적용 2016.11.16 User day 김진수, 서준원 펑션베이솔루션그룹 Index 1. Co-simulation 이란? Interface 방식 Co-simulation 개념 2. RecurDyn 과 Co-simulation 이가능한분야별소프트웨어 Dynamics과 Control 1) RecurDyn

More information

서론 34 2

서론 34 2 34 2 Journal of the Korean Society of Health Information and Health Statistics Volume 34, Number 2, 2009, pp. 165 176 165 진은희 A Study on Health related Action Rates of Dietary Guidelines and Pattern of

More information

歯1.PDF

歯1.PDF 200176 .,.,.,. 5... 1/2. /. / 2. . 293.33 (54.32%), 65.54(12.13%), / 53.80(9.96%), 25.60(4.74%), 5.22(0.97%). / 3 S (1997)14.59% (1971) 10%, (1977).5%~11.5%, (1986)

More information

141(26) 20056 1930 19 () ( ( ) () () () ) 2) 1932 ()()3) 2 1) 1897519( ) ( ) () () () 4) ( ) 5) 6) 15-20 7) 191216 2) ( ) () 42 () 193111 12 1933 4 3)

141(26) 20056 1930 19 () ( ( ) () () () ) 2) 1932 ()()3) 2 1) 1897519( ) ( ) () () () 4) ( ) 5) 6) 15-20 7) 191216 2) ( ) () 42 () 193111 12 1933 4 3) 141(26) 20056 Korean J Med Hist 14131 Jun 2005 ISSN 1225505X ( 1897-1982) * ** 1 ( 1897-1982) ( ) 1) 3 1 ( ) 1930 1930 1930 * () ** 1) ( 2000 p 13-15) 1 141(26) 20056 1930 19 () ( ( ) () () () ) 2) 1932

More information

Can032.hwp

Can032.hwp Chromosomal Alterations in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines Detected by Comparative Genomic Hybridization Sang Jin Park 1, Mahn Joon Ha, Ph.D. 1, Hugh Chul Kim, M.D. 2 and Hyon Ju Kim, M.D. 1 1 Laboratory

More information

자기공명영상장치(MRI) 자장세기에 따른 MRI 품질관리 영상검사의 개별항목점수 실태조사 A B Fig. 1. High-contrast spatial resolution in phantom test. A. Slice 1 with three sets of hole arr

자기공명영상장치(MRI) 자장세기에 따른 MRI 품질관리 영상검사의 개별항목점수 실태조사 A B Fig. 1. High-contrast spatial resolution in phantom test. A. Slice 1 with three sets of hole arr Original Article pissn 1738-2637 J Korean Soc Radiol 2012;67(2):129-134 The Survey of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Quality according to in Korea 1 자기공명영상장치(MRI) 자장세기에 따른 MRI 품질관리 영상검사의 개별항목점수 실태조사 1 Hyun-Hae

More information

1. KT 올레스퀘어 미디어파사드 콘텐츠 개발.hwp

1. KT 올레스퀘어 미디어파사드 콘텐츠 개발.hwp Journal of Next-generation Convergence Information Services Technology Vol.4, No.1, June (2015), pp. 1-8 차세대컨버전스정보서비스기술논문지 KT 올레스퀘어 미디어파사드 콘텐츠 개발 Media Fasade Contents Development of KT Olleh Square 김동조

More information

Thieme: Color Atlas of Acupuncture

Thieme: Color Atlas of Acupuncture IX Contents Part 1: Body Acupuncture Points Part 2: Ear Acupuncture Points The Lung Channel... 2 The Large Intestine Channel... 7 The Stomach Channel... 15 The Spleen Channel... 23 The Heart Channel...

More information

Effects of baseball expertise and stimulus speeds on coincidence-anticipation timing accuracy of batting Jong-Hwa Lee, Seok-Jin Kim, & Seon-Jin Kim* Seoul National University [Purpose] [Methods] [Results]

More information

untitled

untitled 대한평형의학회지제 3 권 1 호 2004 ; 95-101 계명대학교의과대학신경과학교실이형 Central Nervous System Disorders Presenting as Vertigo Hyung Lee, M.D. Department of Neurology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea 서

More information

歯제7권1호(최종편집).PDF

歯제7권1호(최종편집).PDF ********* (*, **, *** ).., 2002, 7, 1, 1-12. 2-5 80.,.,..,,... :,,. (naming).., (word finding), (lexical look- up), (lexical retrieval), (word recall) (Fried- Oken, 1987). (pause),,, (naming error) (Snyder

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA 한국소음진동공학회 2015추계학술대회논문집년 Study of Noise Pattern and Psycho-acoustics Characteristic of Household Refrigerator * * ** ** Kyung-Soo Kong, Dae-Sik Shin, Weui-Bong Jeong, Tae-Hoon Kim and Se-Jin Ahn Key Words

More information