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1 Constructing Knowledge with the Big Six Skills Mei-Yin Lin, Han-Lin Hsiung Instructor, Department of Finance, Jin Wen Institute of Technology {rosa, Nai-Fong Kuo Professor, Dept. of Finance, Shih Hsin University (Keywords) Information Literacy Big6 skills Process Curriculum Learning Ability EVA EVA Big6 skills Excel EVA Abstract While learning speed, knowledge absorptive capacity, and innovation become the norm of competitiveness, how to strengthen students learning ability is a critical issue for instructors. And process curriculum is considered as an efficiency instructional model to forge self-constructed knowledge ability. In order to solve our daily problems, the ability to identify, locate, evaluate, and to use information or knowledge from resources is becoming necessary, so-called Information Literacy. Big6 Skills is a process used in American schools to cultivate students

2 information literacy, problem-solving ability, to build-up their ability for constructing knowledge as well. Financial information is as a predominant factor for financial activities as information literacy for students majoring in Finance. Combined with cooperative learning theory, this article proposes an instructional learning approach for constructing financial knowledge, which uses Big6 Skills as a process. Starting from searching IBM financial data through the WWW, creating EVA model for analyze, evaluating that information, and use it. The approach could be taken as a decision-making for investment, also for strengthen information literacy. 識 識 力 度 [1] Stata, 1989 識 量 力 Cohen & Levinthal, 1990 力 力便 Handy(2001) 力 識 練 process curriculum Thurow[2] 1999 識 識 識 knowledge chain [3] 識 兩 識 識 識 力 力 識 Theodore 2001 識 聯 識 Jonassen (1996) Grabe & Grabe 1996 路 識聯 練 識 力 路 理 識 流 練 識 Information Literacy 力 不 來 Doyle, Christina 1992 識 力 六 Big6 Skills Michael Eisenberg 1988 練 練 識 力 識 力 識 力 六 落 力 論 識 輪 識 量 (Nonaka & Takeuchi 1995) 六 識 流 練 路 索 識 行 識 量 理 力 EVA 金 料 識 識 量 說 1974 年 Paul Zurkowski[4] [5] Information Literacy 念 年 Lee G. Burchinal[6] Charles R. McClure 林麗 2001 力 Breivik & Gee 年 76 Journal of Library and Information Science Apr., 2004

3 [7] Education Reform [8] 領 爐 1989 年 ALA 力 力 1994 年 羅拉 CEMA 列 1995 年 AASL 更 力 力 Available online at: 年立 Workforce Investment Act 練列 量 Employability skills 力 理 力 理 力更 練 力 練 Tom Holdsworth, Eric Gearhart, 2002 Available ncrve.berkeley.edu ; 力 便 識 力 不 了 [9] 便 理 省 理 UNESCO 識 力 力 數 落 力 度 拉 數 落 落 不 Available 識 來臨 路 力 立 路 了 料 年 87 便 路 行 力 便 路 識 理論 流 識 索 識 聯 行 識 力 Theodore S. Rodgers, 2001 識 聯 Connection Construct 理 [10] 索 練 力 Jonassen, Grabe & Grabe 1996 Mind tools 念 路 識 聯 異 索 練 力 識 力 識 留 Extending Retention 識 理 Nonaka 1991 路 識 索 Knowledge Chain [11] 識 識 識 識 識 識 六 Link (Rosa Dieng et al, 1999) Handy(2001) 力 識 練 process curriculum Michael Eisenberg 1988;2002 了 六 練 Big6 Skills [12] 略 利 六 練 1996 識 練 力 不 路 識 力 索 識 聯 力 識 力 六 練 識

4 Nonaka 1995 識螺 理論 [13] 識 識 [14] (socialization) (externalization) (internalization) (combination) [15] 輪 explicit (tacit) 識 行 識 輪 識 量 識便 螺 不 力 林 2003 Nonaka [16] 識 量 Andrews, 1995 Kilgore (1999) 識 constructor of knowledge Cohen & Levinthal 1990 力 力 識 量 absorptive capacity 力 林 2003 Johnson & Johnson(1989) cooperative learning 力 練 Slavin, 1995 識 識 量列 若 識 念 論 識 輪 識 量 力 力 識 力 識 不 練 立 識 力 更 識 力 六 路 流 練 便 識 力 練 論 識 識 識 量 理論 金 識 流 例 金 料 行 理 識 金 不 金 便 更 金 例 路 理 流 識 行 金 識 路 WACC. EVA 行 料 例 說 Michael Eisenberg 六 Nonaka 識 輪 金 識 流 說 參見 1 1 識 流 料來 林 Journal of Library and Information Science Apr., 2004

5 聯 料 理 例 料 料 數 聯 例 Ask Jeeve 句 Google 行 Yahoo 料 類 行 料 聯 行 行 令 利 立 識 聯 論 料 料 行 料 理 了 識 料 料 論 Excel 說 識 識 論 識 索 識 流 料 理 落 識 索 識 論 Free data Financial Data Financial Database Economic Data SEC EDGAR 行 IBM 料 Edgarscan 料 年 行 數 參 林 (2002) IBM 年 數 老 EVA 行數 EVA Input Data Data Processing Output Information 說 Step 1 Input Data 料 Edgarscan database Edgarscan Database 料 Excel Spreadsheet 路 IBM 料 利 Excel 來 EVA 行 edgarscan Edgarscan 2 Company Name IBM Search Chart Excel Spreadsheet 3, 4 利 Edgarscan Excel 行 料 金 料 Excel Spreadsheet 流 令 5 行 IBM 路 料 EVA 行數 料 識 流 2 Edgarscan

6 3 Excel Spreadsheet Step 2 Data Processing EVA 料 料 Excel (EVA) 5 Economic Value Added, EVA 量 [17] 來 量 [18] 理 金 利 EVA 便 數 (distortion) 利 Residual Income EVA 量 利 力 年度 利 金 若 率 (ROIC) 金 = 利 金 = (1 率 ) ( ) ( 金 ) EVA = NOPAT Total Operating Capital After _ Tax 4 Chart 5 Excel 80 Journal of Library and Information Science Apr., 2004

7 料 率 料 來 金 金 類 金 金 金 [19] WACC Weighted Average Cost of Capital WACC=Wd*Kd*(1-T)+Wps*Kps+Wcs*Ks Wd Wps Ws 數 T 率 Kd Kps Ks ( 留 ) 6 CAPM 見 利 利 行 (Capital Asset Pricing Model, CAPM) Ks=K RF +(K M -K RF )*β Rs=α0+α1*R mt +ε K RF 利率 K M 率 1 (Market Model) 利 率 料 5 料 利 7 Step 3 Output Information 路 料 IBM 2000 年 (Step 1) Excel 來 EVA (Step 2) 行 6, 7 便了 狀 行 行 7 WACC EVA 路 識 力 不 力 練 識 落 識 識 不 度 識 量 力 力 力 力 力 不 路 識 力

8 理 識 力 便 率 力 識 力 六 練 識 練 力 金 例 利 六 流 識 念 金 識 流 IBM 路 料 料 EVA 行 料 金 識 理 落 說 不 例 練 識 聯 力 識 力 來臨 行 NSC-2626-H [1] Stata (1989) 說 不論 度 力 [2] 羅 Lester C. Thurow, 1999 Building Wealth 識 兩 Building wealth: The new rules for individuals, companies and nations in a knowledge-based economy. [3] 參見 11 [4] NCLIS [5] Literacy 拉 來 讀 [6] 金 NSF [7] 90 年 力 Nation at Risk 1984 林 令 Technology Literate Getting America s Students Ready for The 21st Century, 1996 Available online at: [8] 李 2001 率 利 路 [9] 1960 年聯 UNESCO 念 Lifelong Education 1968 年 Hutchins 立 Learning Society [10] Information 理 料 Data [11] Knowledge Chain: Listing the existing Knowledge, Determining the required Knowledge, Developing New Knowledge, Allocating New and Existing Knowledge, Applying Knowledge, Maintaining Knowledge, Disposing Knowledge. [12] Task Definition, Information Seeking Strategy, Location of and access to Information, Synthesis, Evaluation, Use of Information. Available: Http;// [13] Nonaka Takeuchi 1995 識 (the knowledge creating company) [14] 識 理 識 略 不 識 [15] 識 累 不 易 說 識 識 類 念 邏 識 識 識 理 識 識 識 理 識 識 82 Journal of Library and Information Science Apr., 2004

9 [16] 力 [17] Stern Stewart & Co. 力 EVA 念 不 理 量 量 EVA intrinsic market value 量 力 [18] 來 量 利 (Earnings before Extraordinary Items, EBEI) 來 金流量 (Cash Flow) 利 [19] 金 行 來 金 率 數 來 行 來 數 金 金 劉, 2000;, 2002 Andrews, K. Z. (1993). Cross-functional teams. Harvard Business Review, 73(6), pp Breivik, Patricia; Ford, Barbara (1993). Promoting Learning in Libraries through Information Literacy. American Libraries 24(1), pp Breivik, Patricia; Gee,Gordon (1989). Information Literacy: Revolution in the Library. N.Y., Macmillan. Cohen W. & Levinthal D. (1990). Absorptive Capacity: A New Perspective on Learning and Innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 28, pp Doyle, Christina (1992). Final Report to the National Forum on Information Literacy. N.Y., ED Eisenberg, M. B. (2002). Learning and Teaching Information Technology, ERIC Digest, EDO-IR Grabe, M. & Grabe, C. (1998). Integrating Technology for Meaningful Learning. Boston, MA: ohnson D.W. & Johnson & Holubec. E., Advanced cooperative learning Edina. MN: Interaction Book Co. Handy, C.,(1999). The Hungry Spirit-Beyond Capitalism: A Quest for Purpose in the Modern World. Broadway, N.Y. Holdsworth, Tom; Gearhart, Eric (2002) Teaching and Assessing Employability Skills, Modern Machine Shop; Cincinnati. Johnson D.W. & Johnson R. (1989). Cooperation and Competition: Theory and Research. Edina. MN: Interaction Book Co. Jonassen, D. H. (1996). Computer in Classroom: Mind-tools for Critical Thinking, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall Inc. Kilgore, D. W. (1999). Understanding in Social Movement: A Theory of Collective Learning, International Journal of Lifelong Education, 18(3), pp MeFletcher, D., (1996). Teaming by Design: Real Teams for Real People. Chicago, IL. McClure, Charles R., (1994). Network literacy: A Role for Libraries? Information Technology and libraries, 13(2) pp Nonaka,I. & Takeuchi, H.(1995). The Knowledge Creating Company: How Japanese Companies Create the Dynamics of Innovation, Oxford, New York. Rose Dieng, Olivier Corby, Alain Giboin and Myriam Ribiere (1999), Methods and Tools for Corporate Knowledge Management, Int. J. Human-Computer Studies, 51, Slavin, R.E. (1995).Cooperative Learning: Theory, Research and Practice. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. In: Solvin, Robert T. & Cooper, Robert (1999). Improving Intergroup Relations: Lessons Learned from Cooperative Learning Programs, Journal of Social Issues,55(4), pp

10 Stata, R. (1989). Organization learning-the key to management innovation, Sloan Management Review, 30(3), pp Theodore, S. Rodgers Language Teaching Methodology, ERIC. Throw, L. C. (1999). Building wealth: The new rules for individuals, companies and nations in a knowledge-based economy. 劉 2000 (EVA) 理 論 3(4) 李 1997 理 李 (2001) 量 37 林麗 2001 力 林 2002 識螺 理論 力 金 例 北 論 論 林 2002 路 例 理 論 理 林 2003 識 理 識螺 理論 識 量 林 2003 識 理 度 立 NSC H 路 識 (1996) (1996) 23(2) 年 力 識 路 來臨 路 / 例 84 Journal of Library and Information Science Apr., 2004