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1 Ex 1. For many people, attending court is a(n) experience and scares them even if they are not being intimidated by some hoodlums or criminals. (A) amazing (B) imposing (C) bewildering (D) annoying attend to (x) - 타동사 attend on = wait on attend to = pay attention to intimidate= frighten, petrify, terrify hoodlum= hooligan criminal= convict, culprit -> conviction 신념, 확신 / 유죄판결 amazing= astonishing, staggering( 비틀거리게하는 ) imposing= impressive 인상적인 // massive 당당한, 훌륭한 bewilder= perplex, puzzle, baffle, fluster annoy= bother, pester, vex, harass, molest, tease, bully Ex3. Hemingway wrote in short, declarative sentences and was known for his tough, prose. (A) strong (B) terse (C) complicated (D) long sentence 사람 to 형량 be sentenced to death 사형선고를받다 The court rules that 절 - that 이하라는판결을내리다 terse= succinct, laconic, brief, concise complicated= complex, intricate, involved prose <=> verse prosaic= dull, monotonous, tedious, irksome, humdrum Ex5. Just as some writers have the capacity of language to express, Giacometti the failure of art to convey reality. (A) scoffed at : abjured (B) demonstrated : exemplified (C) proclaimed : affirmed (D) despaired : bewailed failure-> a social failure 사회낙오자 despair 절망 / 절망하다, 실망하다 ik017@daum.net - 1 -

2 bewail 슬퍼하다 scoff= deride, mock, scorn 비웃다, 조롱하다 abjure= renounce, relinquish, abdicate 포기하다 demonstrate 증명하다 / 설명하다 / 감정을나타내다 / 시위하다 exemplify 예시하다, 좋은예가되다 proclaim= declare, promulgate 선언하다, 공포하다 affirm= assert, attest 단언하다 Ex1. Jun is such a of rock music that he owns all the best records, knows all about the latest stars, and attends every concert he can. (A) devotee (B) constituent (C) dictator (D) demonstrator devotee 헌신하는사람, 애호가 => adherent 지지자신봉자 constituent= component, element, factor 구성요소 dictator= autocrat, despot, tyrant demonstrator 시범자 / 시위운동자 Ex3. The Cabinet member s resignation was not a total because rumors of his imminent departure had been making the rounds in Washington for a week. (A) shock (B) success (C) eclipse (D) pretense imminent= impending, pressing a total eclipse 개기일식, 월식 pretense= pretext, excuse 구실, 핑계 pretend= affect, feign, make believe, put on an act * affect 1, have an effect on = tell on 2, move / 3, feign / 4, come down with Ex4. As the official investigation of the plane crash revealed, the ground crew work schedule was so crowded that they could not have conducted more than the most of preflight inspections of the ill-fated aircraft prior to take off. (A) cursory (B) peremptory (C) obvious (D) thoroughgoing (E) repetitive ik017@daum.net - 2 -

3 investigate= inspect, scrutinize, look into, delve into reveal= divulge, disclose, bring to light, spill the beans take off= get off the ground land= touch down conduct the research 연구를실행하다 cursory= perfunctory, superficial peremptory 단호한, 단정적인, ( 법률 ) 절대적인 obvious= apparent, evident, manifest, plain, conspicuous, distinct thoroughgoing 철저한, 완전한 repetitive 되풀이되는 -> 지루한 dull Ex5. After inventing a sign language for the deaf in the mid-1700s, Jacob Rodrigues his business activities in order to all his energies to humanitarian work. (A) expended - attach (B) elicited - transmit (C) shouldered - donate (D) abandoned - devote invention= fabrication 위조, 날조 elicit ( 진리 사실따위를논리적으로 ) 이끌어내다, 유도해내다 attach<=> detach detached 떨어진 / 편견없는, 공평한 illicit= illegal, illegitimate shoulder 책임지다 -> give [show, turn] the cold shoulder to 을냉대하다 devote oneself to -> be devoted to ~ing 헌신하다 Ex6. Although the applicant was well qualified, she wasn't even considered for the job because the way she boasted of her past accomplishments seemed to the interviewer. (A) effusive - frugal (B) pompous - excessive (C) candid - optimistic (D) pessimistic - haughty qualified= eligible, entitled boast= brag, vaunt, flaunt, show off effusive 심정을토로하는, 감정이넘쳐나는듯한 frugal= thrifty, miserly, parsimonious, stingy pompous= arrogant, haughty, insolent, supercilious, impertinent, imperious / pretentious, ostentatious, showy, gaudy candid= frank 솔직한 / outspoken 노골적인 ik017@daum.net - 3 -

4 Ex3. Precise measurements of this event were needed worldwide in order to determine the distance between the earth and sun. (A) accurate (B) normal (C) long (D) far precise= exact, meticulous, punctilious, scrupulous scrupulous= conscientious unscrupulous= unethical scruple= compunction, qualm = misgiving long 간절히바라다, 열망하다 (for; to do) Ex3. Many Iraqis are unwilling to cooperate with American forces for fear that Saddam will once again. (A) lose to notice (B) rise to notice (C) lose to power (D) rise to power unwilling= reluctant, with half a heart rise to notice 세상에알려지게되다, 유명해지다. = distinguish oneself come[rise] to power 정권을장악하다 ; 세력을얻다 Ex1. The controversial nuclear cooperation agreement -- seen as the focal point of President Obama's visit to India -- would allow India to buy nuclear power reactors and fuel from the United States, on the condition that India's nuclear facilities are to United Nations inspections. (A) closed (B) pointed (C) opened (D) limited controversial= argumentative, contentious, polemic allow for= make allowance for pointed 뾰족한 / 예리한 / 날카로운, 신랄한 > acrimonious= caustic, scathing, sarcastic, trenchant ik017@daum.net - 4 -

5 Ex3. If you want to see a dictionary as a history of the language, so that in fifty or a hundred years time, you want to know what chav or muppet actually meant, if you re reading a popular novel of the time, it s recorded in a dictionary today, in a hundred years time, nobody will know the meaning. (A) until (B) unless (C) supposing (D) if see to it that ~ that 이하를확실히하다 see eye to eye 의견일치하다 meaning= 의미 / 목적 purport purportedly= allegedly 주장하는바에따르면 Ex2. The hotel Bella Vista is known not only for its architectural beauty, but for its 120-year-old history, as well. (A) useful (B) awful (C) helpful (D) colorful useful= practical, feasible, viable awful= dreadful, horrible, terrible, appalling, fearful, frightful, gruesome 두려운무서운 >> His pronunciation is awful. 끔찍한 / 지독히나쁜 >> That new car is totally awesome. - 저신형차는단연최고다 helpful= conducive 도움이되는 / 비교 ) conductive 전도성의 helpless 무력한 colorful 색채가풍부한, 화려한 Ex2. India's culture is marked by a large amount of syncretism; it has managed to keep set traditions at the same time as new customs, traditions, and ideas from invaders and immigrants. (A) limiting (B) boycotting (C) absorbing (D) excluding syncretism 혼합, 통합주의 * determinism 결정론 traditional= conventional 전통적인, <=> original 독창적인 = inventive invade= break into, break in break in= tame, domesticate absorb 흡수하다, 열중하다 ik017@daum.net - 5 -

6 be absorbed in = be lost/ immersed/ engrossed in boycott 보이콧하다, 불매운동하다, 배척하다 = exclude exclude= rule out > exclusive = only 배타적인, 독점적인 Ex2. Have your symptoms included any, such as feeling confused, agitated or depressed? (A) physical changes (B) mental changes (C) headache (D) vexation symptoms -> withdrawal symptoms agitate oneself 초조해하다, 안절부절못하다. agitate= stir up, incite, provoke, churn depression= recession, slowdown, slump, stagnation, setback suppress= quell, subdue Ex2. An example of is "I've told you a million times not to use that word." (A) cliche (B) hyperbole (C) euphemism (D) oxymoron cliche 진부한표현, 문구 > chestnut 케케묵은이야기 hyperbole= exaggeration euphemism 완곡어법- die 대신에 pass away 라고하는따위 -> beat around the bush= insinuate <=> come to the point= hit the nail on the head = get down to the nitty-gritty oxymoron 모순어법 - a open secret * beat-up= run-down * beat about= ransack, rummage Ex 1. Although Clinton has come under much criticism for his handling of the Somalia situation, it must be noted that he inherited the problem from the Bush administration. (A) to be fair (B) more or less (C) even though (D) sooner or later ik017@daum.net - 6 -

7 inherit= be bequeathed administer 관리하다, 통치하다, 실행하다 / administer medicine to 사람 - 약물을투여하다 to be fair 공정히말하자면 fair= unbiased, impartial, dispassionate, neutral, unprejudiced unfair= biased, partial, prejudiced, jaundiced more or less 다소 / 대체로거의 all but= almost, nearly / practically, virtually anything but= never, not in the least, by no means, far from ~ing nothing but= only, no more than sooner or later 조만간, 머지않아 Ex 3. Contradictory as it may seem, the Celts are unconcerned with political unity, even though racially, linguistically, and sentimentally they have a decided sense of. (A) humor (B) conflict (C) oneness (D) inferiority be concerned about ~ 을걱정하다 be concerned with ~ 관련이있다 contradictory= conflicting, paradoxical contradict= refute, rebut, disprove, impugn conflicting feeling= ambivalence 반대감정상충 Ex 5. decades of study, scientists still do not understand why human populations are biased toward right-hand use rather than left-hand use. (A) Notwithstanding (B) owing to (C) In case of (D) In accordance with at first hand= direct <=> at second hand= indirect, oblique notwithstanding= in spite of, despite, with all, for all + N ik017@daum.net - 7 -

8 Ex 1. Each human culture sees itself as a world of permanence and stability. Each of the items that we find in a museum tells us this story. The individuals whose craftsmanship created these items knew that they themselves would perish, but it was inconceivable to them that their culture should. (A) disappear (B) be permanent (C) be renowned (D) influence other people perish= decease, die 죽다, 사라지다 / 썩어없어지다 perishable 썩기쉬운 inconceivable 상상할수없는, 믿을수없는 conceive-> conception 개념 / 임신 permanent= everlasting, eternal Ex 4. Hundreds of thousands of people marched through Florence on Saturday in a protest against globalization and U.S. policy on Iraq, and the high turnout there was none of the violence that marred last year's Group of Eight summit in Genoa. (A) despite (B) due to (C) based on (D) stemmed from turnout 집회출석자수 a death toll 사망자수 fatalities= casualties turn out= prove / produce / lay off summit= apex, crest, pinnacle, climax, culmination, zenith Ex 5. Bush said on Friday he preferred a peaceful approach to disarming Iraq but if that proves the military was prepared to move swiftly with force to ensure the regime of Saddam Hussein was stripped of its weapons of mass destruction and its ability to produce more in the future. (A) valid (B) futile (C) efficient (D) successful be stripped of 빼앗다 > strip A of B = usurp, seize valid 확실한, 유효한 <=> void invalidate= repeal, annul, nullify, abolish, abrogate invalid= convalescent 회복기환자 futile= useless, vain ik017@daum.net - 8 -

9 Ex2. The cause of the accident is under investigation, but a spokesman said investigators are focusing on, rather than human error. (A) human experience (B) mechanical failure (C) human nature (D) business failure mishap= misfortune / accident accidental= inadvertent, unintentional, by chance meet by chance= run into, come across, run across focus on= concentrate on, zero in on Ex2. The much-heralded advent of China as a global power is no longer a forecast but a(n). (A) fantasy (B) illusion (C) reality (D) result herald= messenger / precursor advent= arrival result= consequence, effect, outcome, aftermath, ramification Ex3. While an animal brought from a warm country often dies in a cold region, a man is able to live almost anywhere by adapting himself to his. (A) nature (B) surroundings (C) country (D) native place adapt= catch on adopt= choose adept= proficient, adroit, deft, dexterous, skillful catch on= figure out / become popular surroundings= ambience Ex 1. Dictators like Hitler and Mussolini used language to stir up the emotions of the crowds they addressed. (A) pathetic (B) lackluster (C) inflammatory (D) dispassionate ik017@daum.net - 9 -

10 stir up= agitate, churn address= make(give, deliver)a speech * address the issue 문제를중점적으로다루다 pathetic= pitiful 비교 ) apathetic= indifferent, callous, unfeeling, nonchalant lackluster 빛 ( 윤기가 ) 없는 inflammatory= inciting, provocative 열광시키는선동적인 dispassionate 침착한, 냉정한 = calm, composed 공평한 = fair, impartial, unbiased, detached Ex3. Paradoxically, she had reminded people of why monarchy is a more system of government than republicanism. (A) declaratory (B) mandatory (C) unsatisfactory (D) satisfactory Paradoxically= contradictorily monarchy -> an absolute [a despotic] monarchy 전제군주국 republicanism 공화제 mandatory= compulsory, imperative, obligatory satisfactory 만족한 / 충분한 insatiable= unquenchable 만족할줄모르는 greedy, ravenous, voracious, avaricious Ex4. Household appliances reduced time needed for daily chores and basically made life. (A) harder (B) easier (C) further (D) better household appliances 가전제품 daily chores 집안허드렛일 * drudgery 단조롭고고된일 apply to ~ 에적용되다. apply for ~ 에지원하다 apply on ~( 연고따위를 ) 바르다 Ex 2. Long seen as inevitable but in fact distressingly elusive, big reductions in German interest rates are now perceived in the financial markets to be. (A) carefree (B) bankrupt (C) imminent (D) strict ik017@daum.net

11 inevitable= unavoidable elusive 파악하기어려운, 알기어려운 distressingly elusive elude= evade, dodge, shun, sidestep, eschew carefree 근심없는, 걱정없는 bankrupt= insolvent strict= severe, stern, stringent, rigid, grim Ex 3. In primitive times, poetry was written to be heard ; today, we frequently overlook the nature of the poet's work. (A) oral (B) actual (C) primary (D) stylistic primitive= primeval overlook= neglect, ignore / excuse, forgive frequent ~ 에자주방문하다 Ex 1. All things being, I would rather buy a car which a dealer has in stock. (A) preposterous (B) diverse (C) separate (D) equal all things being equal 모든조건이같다면 all things considered 만사를고려하면 compared with/to ~와비교해서 weather permitting 날씨가좋으면 preposterous= absurd, fatuous, ludicrous Ex 2. National standards govern the appearance of fresh produce, in effect keeping supplies limited and prices up by requiring farmers to produce fruit. (A) blemish-free (B) tawdry (C) stained (D) unripe appearance= guise produce 농산물 blemish-free 흠이없는, 오점이없는 blemish= defect, flaw, spot ik017@daum.net

12 * spotless= flawless, impeccable, immaculate tawdry 겉만번지르르한 stained 더럽혀진, 얼룩이있는 unripe 익지않은 2. Traditionally, Japan's farmers have held tremendous political clout, but now politicians are to change the political system to give city dwellers more power. (A) under seize (B) under pressure (C) under attack (D) under investigation tremendous= gigantic, colossal, enormous, immense, stupendous, / dreadful, fearful, horrible, terrible clout ( 특히 ) 정치적영향력 under pressure 압력을받고있는 under the weather ( 구어 ) 기분이언짢아, 몸상태가좋지않아 dwellers= denizen, resident 4. "I'd like to open a checking account with this paycheck. Do I have to it by signing on the back?" (A) entitle (B) endorse (C) guarantee (D) invalidate open an account 계좌를개설하다, 트다 entitle= qualify -> entitled= eligible, qualified endorse 배서하다 / 승인하다 = sanction impose economic sanctions on 에군사적 [ 경제적 ] 제재를가하다 guarantee= vouch for invalidate= annul, nullify, cancel, negate, repeal 6. Many businesses are drug testing for their employees, despite objections from civil liberties groups that it contravenes people's right to privacy. (A) insisting on (B) living up to (C) playing with (D) opening fire on ik017@daum.net

13 contravene ( 법률따위를 ) 위반하다, 모순되다 insist that S + V on N => 주장하다, 고집하다 live up to ~ 에따라생활하다 live up to a person's expectation 아무의기대에부응하다. live in ~ 에살다 / live on ~ 에기대어살다 livelihood 생계, 살림 * play by ear= improvise, extemporize, impromptu, think up on the spot open fire 사격개시하다 * cease-fire= armistice, truce 정전, 휴전 7. Far too many people are the government for help, and steps need to be taken to create jobs to make them independent. (A) wiping out (B) tearing up (C) relying on (D) stamping out wipe out= eradicate, exterminate, annihilate rely on= depend on, count on, hinge on resort to, have recourse to, look to independent 독립적인 // interdependent 서로의존하는 8. His theories were so that few could see what he was trying to establish. (A) logical (B) nebulous (C) obvious (D) theoretical nebulous= ambiguous, equivocal, obscure, vague obvious= tangible, palpable VS oblivious= unaware, heedless logical= coherent 10. "Tom, what I told you is so confidential. I want you to keep it under your " (A) hat (B) eyes (C) nose (D) feet confidential= classified, cryptic, clandestine, surreptitious, stealthy, furtive under one's hat 비밀리에, 남몰래 *talk through one's hat ( 구어 ) 허튼 [ 무책임한 ] 소리를하다. ik017@daum.net

14 = talk nonsense keep an eye on 지켜봐주다 get cold feet 겁먹다 take a nosedive= plummet, plunge 급강하하다, 폭락하다 11. Japan's politicians managed to avoid close public scrutiny, the economy was strong, but when it started to weaken, people began to criticize them more. (A) as it was (B) as long as (C) as soon as (D) as it turns out close scrutiny 정밀조사 scrutinize= probe, delve into criticize= castigate, condemn, chide, rebuke, reprove, reproach, reprehend = call down, run down as long as ~ 하는한 ( 에서는 ), ~ 동안은. as soon as ~ 하자마자 * as it were= so to speak 말하자면 12. James Mullen distinguished himself as a journalist by asking politicians the kinds of questions that other reporters shied away from. (A) gentle (B) pointed (C) vague (D) indirect distinguish oneself 유명해지다 = rise to notice pointed= acrimonious, caustic, scathing, trenchant shy away from 꽁무니를빼다 > Her eyes shy away from mine. 그녀는눈을내게서피하고있다 13. The candidate answered tough questions with candor, winning over many viewers who had previously supported his rival. (A) disarming (B) dogmatic (C) impatient (D) presumptuous disarming ( 상대방의 ) 경계심을풀게하는, 안심시키는 dogmatic= imperious 독단적인 / 교리의 dogma= creed, doctrine, tenet 교리 impatient 참을성없는, 조급한 / 몹시 ~ 하고파하는 presumptuous= impertinent, impudent, insolent ik017@daum.net

15 win over ( 남을 ) 설득시키다 14. What we consider a luxury at one time frequently becomes a ; many families find that ownership of two cars is. (A) fad ridiculous (B) trend fashionable (C) nuisance undesirable (D) necessity indispensable fad= craze, rage, fashion * rage= wrath, resentment, exasperation, nuisance 난처한 [ 성가신, 골치아픈 ] 것, 귀찮은행위 [ 사람 ] necessity 필요 / 필수품 indispensable= essential, fundamental, necessary 17. Another function of the political institution is the protection of the society from forces. (A) inherent political (B) salient external (C) expendable natural (D) liberal conservative political institution 정치기관 inherent= inborn, innate, intrinsic, native salient= projecting, protruding 돌출한 / prominent, conspicuous, noticeable 현저한 expendable= dispensable 소모성의 liberal 자유주의의, 진보적인 <=> conservative 보수적인 = generous, benevolent, philanthropic, magnanimous 19. We cannot say that the early Egyptians did not span rivers with wood and stone. We only know that among the existent remnants of their civilization, as yet there has been found no sign of. (A) ships (B) palaces (C) bridges (D) pyramids span rivers 강에다리를놓다 remnant= relic 나머지, 잔존물 / 유물 as yet 아직까지 20. There is no more dependable a public servant than the mailman. He goes his daily rounds regardless of the weather. Most of us take him for granted and seldom stop to think what it would mean if he were not so. ik017@daum.net

16 (A) friendly (C) healthy (B) faithful (D) thoughtful daily round 매일의직무 regardless of= irrespective of ~ 와상관없이 take it for granted to R ~ 을당연하다고여기다 faithful 성실한, 충실한 healthy= fit 건강한 / healthful= salubrious 건강에좋은 21. It is probable that most dogs have little conception of the meaning of the words that we use, but they understand our tone of voice. They respond immediately when we speak to them, for they are very alert to. (A) kind words (B) good care (C) punishment (D) vocal inflections alert= vigilant, watchful vocal inflection 목소리억양 punishment= discipline raise one's voice 목소리를높이다 / 이의를제기하다, 불만을나타내다. 22. The beneficial services of frost are very important. The expansive action of water when it freezes within crevices of rocks splits them asunder and helps to pulverize them into. (A) gravel (B) boulders (C) ice (D) fertilizer crevice= chasm, crack 갈라진틈 hiatus split asunder 두동강으로쪼개다 pulverize 분쇄로만들다, 가루로만들다 grind, powder gravel 자갈 // boulder 옥석 * cut no ice 아무런효과가없다 fertilizer= manure fertile= fecund, prolific, productive, fruitful 23. A million people have died in earthquakes this century experts say. The next century might see 10 times as many deaths, with a million lost in a single blow, they add, unless a major steps are taken to dozens of sprawling cities expected ik017@daum.net

17 to teem with billions of added residents. (A) adorn (B) fortify (C) outshine (D) uncover adorn= decorate, embellish, garnish, ornament, * decorative= ornamental decorous= polite, courteous fortify= bulwark, reinforce, strengthen, bolster uncover= unveil, disclose, reveal outshine= surpass ~ 보다우수하다 27. The evidence was so strong against his client that the lawyer thought a jury would certainly find him guilty. He therefore advised the client to plead guilty, to have a trial by a judge, and to hope for. (A) appeal (B) mercy (C) conviction (D) acquittal plead guilty 죄를인정하다 plead= beseech, implore, petition, solicit appeal 호소, 간청 / 상소 conviction 유죄판결 / 신념, 확신 acquittal 석방 acquit= release, set free / exculpate, exonerate 28. Jackson's and embarrassing remarks clearly annoyed President Obama, and White House staff have reportedly been instructed to exercise more discretion from now on when speaking publicly. (A) impeccable (B) discreet (C) judicious (D) candid candid= outspoken 거리낌없는 discretion 신중함 / 자유재량 at one's discretion ~ 의재량으로, ~ 의생각대로, ~ 의임의로 impeccable= flawless, immaculate, perfect, unblemished, blameless discreet= cautious, circumspect, prudent, judicious 29. Though the golfer never enjoyed more than modest critical for his golf ik017@daum.net

18 skills, he was highly respected for her charitable work. (A) jubilation (B) acclaim (C) embitterment (D) denigration critical acclaim 호평 acclaim= applaud, extol, hail, laud, praise denigration 명예훼손, 비방 = calumny denigrate= vilify, libel, slander jubilation 환희, 환호 exultation 30. There are those who say that the Industrial Revolution left a world that is hopelessly unattractive and uninspiring. According to them, the modern artist is faced with a difficult choice: either he must retreat into a world of fantasy or he must face the real world and allow his art to reflect its. (A) splendor (B) strength (C) possibilities (D) ugliness face = be faced with 직면하다 splendor= glory, resplendence, grandeur 광채, 화려함, 영광 possibility= chance, hope, likelihood 비교 ) livelihood - 생계, 살림 ugliness-> ugly= homely, unattractive, plain 31. Nearly by disease and the destruction of their habitat, koalas are now found only in isolated parts of eucalyptus forests. (A) compiled (B) averted (C) decimated (D) infuriated disease= ailment, malady isolated= secluded 고립된, 격리된 decimate 많은사람을죽이다 -> 대량학살 holocaust= genocide, massacre, slaughter avert ( 시선따위 ) 피하다 = shy away from VS divert 우회하다 / 딴데로돌리다 infuriate= enrage, incense, resent, exasperate, irritate, hit the ceiling= see red= throw a fit 화난성난 -> indignant= livid, enraged ik017@daum.net

19 33. Our mind measures time duration as a proportion of our age. So when we re ten, a year seems a long time because it s a tenth of our life. But when we re 60, it s a mere sixtieth, so it seems to. (A) be more monotonous (B) last a little longer (C) make us feel ashamed (D) pass more quickly proportion -> proportionate to = commensurate with ~ 와비례한, 균등한 monotonous= dull, tedious, prosaic, humdrum 34. We prize sociability and community and believe that alone leads to loner, loner to loser. Any sort of turning away from is always suspect. (A) human contact (B) trial and error (C) patriotic traits (D) eco criticism prize= appreciate 높이평가하다 sociability and community 사교성과공동체생활 sociable= gregarious lead to= give rise to, result in turn away from ~ 을피하다, 외면하다 35. Honeymoon has not always signified the blissful holiday following a wedding. In the past, it was a cynical term comparing newlyweds affection for each other to the cycle of the moon and its tendency to. (A) wax (B) wane (C) remain (D) restart cynical= sarcastic, sardonic, tongue-in-cheek tendency= disposition, proclivity, penchant, propensity term 기간, 용어, 조건, 관점, 관계 come to terms with = compromise 타협하다 in terms of ~ 관점에서 keep in good terms with ~ 와좋은관계를유지하다. wax and wane 달아차고이지러지다 ik017@daum.net

20 36. Perhaps deep passionate readers may be dissatisfied people because we yearn to be to live vicariously through words in a way we cannot live directly through life. Perhaps we are the world s great nomads, if only in our minds. (A) optimistic (B) elsewhere (C) successful (D) romantic passionate= ardent, fervent, fervid, vehement yearn to= long, crave vicarious= surrogate 대신하는 nomad= migrant, vagabond 방랑자 nomadic= itinerant, unsettled 40. You are afraid to attack him directly; you, therefore, are resorting to. (A) excuse (B) innuendo (C) condemnation (D) effrontery resort to= have recourse to, look to, turn to innuendo= insinuation 풍자, 비꼼, 빗대어말함 => euphemism 완곡어법 condemnation 비난, 유죄판결 effrontery= impudence 뻔뻔스러움, 철면피 41. David is guided by rather than by ethical considerations. (A) precepts (B) consequence (C) morality (D) expediency ethical -> unethical= unscrupulous precept= axiom, maxim consequence= ramification, aftermath, effect morality 도덕, 윤리성 VS mortality 사망률, 사망자수 expediency 편의주의, 사리추구, 편법 42. Because his occupation required that he work at night and sleep during the day, he had an exceptionally complexion. (A) pallid (B) vicious ik017@daum.net

21 (C) ruddy (D) terrified occupation= vocation, calling, job complexion 안색, 피부색 pallid= pale vicious= malevolent, malicious, malignant, wicked, sinister ruddy 붉은, 혈색이좋은 1, [2010 한양대학교 ] The most obvious and easily understood form of is punctuality and dependability in our work, which means consistently showing up and doing whatever we have agreed to do. (A) validity (B) liability (C) reliability (D) acceptability punctual= prompt, on time 시간을엄수하는 validity 유효성, 타당성 -> valid - remain valid= hold good 유효하게하다 <=> void -> invalid= convalescent 회복기환자 liability 책임, 의무 / 부채, 빚 / 불리한일, 단점 show up= appear // unveil, reveal, divulge, let on, spill the beans 2, [2009 외국어대학교 ] Everybody is aware that the cost of the American lifestyle is. Air conditioning, for example, is an energy glutton. It uses some nine percent of all the electricity produced. Such an extravagance merely to provide comfort is strikingly all the recent rhetoric about national sacrifice in a period of menacing energy shortages. (A) exorbitant - at odds with (B) unprecedented - in line with ik017@daum.net

22 (C) marginal - in defiance of (D) enormous - in accord with (E) uncertain - in contrast to glutton= gourmand 대식가 gluttonous= voracious, ravenous / greedy, insatiable, unquenchable extravagant= prodigal, sumptuous, luxurious, lavish rhetoric 말, 미사여구, 수사학 menace= threaten, intimidate exorbitant= excessive, inordinate 과도한, 터무니없는 at odds with ~ 과의견을달리하는, 불일치하는 unprecedented 선례가없는, 새로운 in line with ~ 와조화가되는 in defiance of ~ 을무시하는 enormous= immense, colossal, titanic, gigantic, tremendous in accord with ~ 과일치하는 3, [2007 고려대학교 ] Philosophy should be taught to students at a very early age. It will instill in them a healthy skepticism toward values that they might accept without question. (A) relatively (B) absolutely (C) otherwise (D) seldom instill= implant, inculcate ( 사상따위를 ) 스며들게하다, 주입, 가르치다 healthy= fit healthful= wholesome, salubrious 4, [2009 외국어대학교 ] After having their reports censored by military officials, the reporters were in voicing their complaints; they told anyone who would listen that their right to free speech had been by the high command. (A) active - responded (B) reserved - infringed (C) aggressive - enforced (D) vocal - ignored (E) apathetic - forfeited ik017@daum.net

23 censor -> expurgate ( 책, 영화등을 ) 삭제하다, 수정하다 voice a complaint= make a complaint reserved 예약된 / 보류된 / 말이없는 = tacit, taciturn / 내성적인 <=> talkative= wordy, loquacious, garrulous, verbose, voluble infringe= breach, encroach, impinge 위반하다, ( 권리 ) 침해하다 ignore= disregard, neglect, turn a blind eye -> Ignorance is bliss 모르는게약이다, - 무지 apathetic= indifferent, nonchalant, callous forfeit 몰수되다, 상실하다 / 벌금 fine, penalty 5, [2008 중앙대학교 ] In this survey of the whole school, we can find of opinion; the differences between the classes are superficial, almost always explainable by differences in age. (A) a remarkable homogeneity (B) a sharp contrast (C) an enormous modesty (D) an irreconcilable diversity superficial= perfunctory, cursory, shallow sharp= steep, precipitous 급격한, 가파른 7, [2008 중앙대학교 ] Not all persons whose lives are circumscribed remain provincial. Some have the intellectual and personal characteristics that enable them to develop a orientation to life. (A) hedonistic (B) seclusive (C) cosmopolitan (D) humane ik017@daum.net

24 provincial= local, endemic // insular, intolerant, narrow-minded hedonist 쾌락주의자 seclusive 은둔적인 -> 은둔자 hermit= recluse cosmopolitan 전세계의, 세계공통의 / 세계주의자 humane <=> inhumane= relentless, ruthless, merciless, unrelenting, implacable 8, [2008 중앙대학교 ] The general lot of the smokers has suddenly become a very sad and pathetic one. They can no longer exhale freely the glorious smoke from the deep of their lungs with the time-honored pomp and circumstance, disregarding time and place. They have to look around before they light a cigarette. To their great vexation, they have found themselves in a position of being of their innocent habit, pleasure and privilege. Smoker's superiority over the non-smokers has been replaced by the non-smokers' worry, pity, and hatred toward them. (A) convinced (B) apologetic (C) prevenient (D) fond lot 추첨, 뽑기 / 운명 destiny/ 한무리의사람들 suddenly= abruptly, unexpectedly, sharply, out of the blue look around= browse replace= substitute, supersede, supplant, take the place of to + 감정명사 = to one's surprise 놀랍게도 9, [2009 동국대학교 ] Graduation day is a family milestone, official recognition of full and active partnership in the American Dream. Parents crowd the bookstore to buy sweatshirts and baseball caps emblazoned with school. (A) domicile (B) insignia (C) oration (D) reputation ik017@daum.net

25 milestone= landmark 이정표, 중요한사건, 획기적사건 crowd -> be crowed with= teem with emblazon 장식하다, 꾸미다 domicile= abode, residence 주소, 거주지 insignia= badge 휘장, 상징, 로고 oration= address reputation= fame 10, [2009 경희대학교 ] Super-industrialism, the next stage of eco-technological development, requires even higher since masses of workers have to constantly move again to new places for jobs whenever necessary. (A) settlement (B) mobility (C) demand (D) responsibility settlement 정착, 생활의안정, / 해결, 화해 demand -> demanding 너무많은 [ 지나친 ] 요구를하는, ( 일이 ) 힘든, 벅찬 responsibility= obligation, duty stage= phase -> phase out 단계적으로없애다 ik017@daum.net

26 11, [2008 중앙대학교 ] Emily Dickinson is considered by many to be the most important female poet in American canon. Yet her life is shrouded in mystery. Following her death, she was often portrayed as a hermit who avoided company, spending years without going beyond the doorstep of her father's house. This may be due in part to the fact that she was a woman at the time, the lives and writings of most women were considered unimportant. However, recent scholarship has suggested that she was socially reserved but still had a number of friends and acquaintances. She had an especially close relationship with her older brother who married her closest friend and his family as well as her sister who played a key role in getting her poems published posthumously. Also, many of Dickinson's poems show that they are based on occurrences in her actual life. Contrary to a previous misconception, Dickinson but a worldly poet in close touch with people around her. (A) was infamous for her cool temper (B) did not publish her works in her lifetime (C) was not simply an unsociable recluse (D) mostly relied on her imagination to write her poems canon= criterion, principle, rule shroud 수의를입히다, 가리다숨기다 = obscure unimportant= trivial, trifling, petty, picayune, paltry acquaintance 아는사람, 지인 acquaint A with B= inform A of B play a key(=pivotal) role in 핵심적인역할을하다 posthumous 사후의 -> exhume= excavate, unearth worldly= mundane, earthly, secular 세속적인 12, [2007 동덕여자대학교 ] Our records show that 50% of the eligible students chose not to enroll in the program for financial reasons. (A) closely (B) nearly (C) close (D) near eligible= entitled, qualified nearly= almost, all but, little short of close scrutiny 면밀한조사 near to(x)= close to, adjacent to ik017@daum.net

27 13, [2008 중앙대학교 ] The recent themes of ecology run counter to some old ways of thinking that are deeply ingrained in the prevalent world view of Western man. We believe in limitless growth; ecology tells us all growth is limited. We speak of man's conquest of nature; ecology tells us that we are for our well-being and survival upon the systems in which nature obeys not our rules but its own. Our scientists and engineers, and our social scientists proceed by isolating and simplifying the existing phenomena; ecology tells us to heed existent complexity and patiently try to trace out its strands. (A) anxious (B) uncalled (C) incorrigible (D) dependent run counter to 거스르다, 반대하다 ingrained= deep-rooted incorrigible 고칠수없는, 어쩔도리가없는 strand 한가닥의실 be stranded= high and dry, in deep waters 14, [2009 동국대학교 ] Humans could afford to treat the sea as an infinite resource when they were relatively few in number, capable of only rather inefficient of the vasty deep and without as yet a taste for fossil fuels. (A) representation (B) aggregation (C) exploitation (D) subtraction the deep 바다 taste= flavor, relish, savor 맛 // 경험 exploitation 이용, 개발, 착취 exploit= capitalize on, make use of 이용하다 // milke 착취하다 15, [2007 동덕여자대학교 ] You d better pull yourself together; you are sure to flunk out of this class. (A) in the event that (B) otherwise (C) in case (D) unless pull oneself together = become calm 진정하다 // 정신차리다 flunk out 낙제하다 ik017@daum.net

28 16, [2007 건국대학교 ] No library, no matter how extensive, can ever have all of the materials that may be needed by its users. Libraries have consequently worked out methods of cooperation in their efforts. If readers cannot find the books they are looking for, then any public library can arrange for books to be loaned from another library. (A) to raise as much fund as possible to expand the library (B) to promote literacy among the poverty-ridden readers (C) to provide every reader with the necessary resources (D) to give an opportunity to learn how to work out (E) to arrange the environments to be more conducive to reading raise the fund 자금을조성하다 raise the question 질문을제기하다 17, [2009 중앙대학교 ] Her distinct delivery made Billie Holiday's performances instantly recognizable throughout her career. Her voice lacked range and was somewhat thin, plus years of abuse eventually altered the texture of her voice and gave it a prepossessing fragility. Nonetheless, the emotion with which she imbued each song remained. (A) suppressed, but genuine (B) not only intact, but also profound (C) passionate, but banal (D) not only intense, but also elusive delivery 배달, 전달 / 말투 / 구출 / 분만 imbue 불어넣다, 고취시키다 intact= untouched 손대지않은, 완전한, 온전한 genuine= authentic, bona fide banal= commonplace, hackneyed, trite 진부한 ik017@daum.net

29 18, [2007 건국대학교 ] Of all the extraordinary events in the life of John Paul Ⅱ, few can compare with the 21minutes he spent in a white-walled cell in Rome's Rebibia prison. Just after Christmas, 1983, the pope visited Mehmet Ali Agca, the man who 30 months earlier had shot him in St. Peter's Square. He presented Agca with a silver rosary, and something else as well: his. It requires a Christlike forbearance to pardon a would-be assassin, of course. (A) forgiveness (B) morale (C) resentment (D) suppression (E) compliment cell= chamber 작은방 forbearance = 자제 ( 심 )(self-control); 인내, 참음 (patience); 관용 (tolerance) compliment 칭찬 -> complimentary= gratuitous, free, gratis, for nothing * an audience with the Pope 접견, 알현, 공식회견 19, [2007 고려대학교 ] A place having two or more local names presents a to cartographers who need to give the place a label on the map. (A) solution (B) quandary (C) catalyst (D) consolation cartographer 지도제작자 quandary= plight, dilemma, predicament catalyst= impetus, incentive ik017@daum.net

30 20, [2009 경희대학교 ] 다음글의빈칸에들어갈표현으로가장알맞은것은? If we as women want change in all aspects of our lives, we must recognize that capitalism is uniquely capable of co-opting piecemeal change. Capitalism is capable of taking our visionary changes and using them against us. For example, many married women, recognizing their oppression in the family, have divorced. They are thrown, with no preparation of protection, into the labor market. For many women this has meant taking their places at the row of machines. Corporations are now recognizing the capacity for exploitation in divorced women. The turnover in such jobs is incredibly high. If she complains,. (A) she can reunite with her husband (B) she can be replaced (C) she shall be given a promotion (D) she can be re-educated turnover 이직율, 회전율 turnout 참가자수 high turnout promotion= preferment, advancement 승진 21,[2007 고려대학교 ] A child born into a home where people use a lot of words develops a sophisticated ability to use language, without even having to sit down and consciously develop this skill. A child born into a home where actions have predictable consequences learns to impulses and practice self-control. (A) transmit (B) stimulate (C) preserve (D) restrain sophisticated= cultured, refined impulse-> impulsive= impetuous, spontaneous restrain= bridle, check, control, curb, repress, restrict ik017@daum.net

31 22, [2009 중앙대학교 ] Much of modern economic history can be seen as a dialectic between advocates of laissez-faire policies, who want to leave the market free to create wealth by restrictions, believing it will trickle down to all members of the society, and exponents of redistribution of wealth, who want to ensure that the fruits of capitalism are. According to which school rules in the country, aspects of economy have taken quite different forms. (A) constructed monopolized gradually (B) digested handed down to posterity (C) untrammeled shared equitably (D) cleaved dependent highly on the government dialectic 변증법 advocate= attorney, lawyer / proponent, supporter * adherent= devotee 지지자, 신봉자 laissez-faire 자유방임의 trickle down 똑똑떨어지다, 스며들다. exponent 해설자, 옹호자 untrammeled= unfettered 속박받지않는 ensure that = see to it that - that 이하를확실히하다 23, [2007 고려대학교 ] Although vitamins are helpful for maintaining good health, alcohol, caffeine, and drugs severely undermine their effectiveness, leaving the body s defenses. (A) impaired (B) protected (C) confused (D) intensified undermine 밑을파다 -> 훼손시키다, 건강을해치다 confuse= baffle, daze, fluster, perplex, puzzle, muddle ik017@daum.net

32 24, [2007 고려대학교 ] A scientist argues that science is an inherently act. Whether overturning a longstanding idea or marshaling the disdain for received political wisdom, the scientific ethic is a threat to establishments of all kinds. (A) buffering (B) conforming (C) intermediary (D) subversive inherent= inborn, innate, intrinsic, native, congenital marshal 정렬, 나열 / 열거하다 buffering 완충하는 subversive= rebellious, insurgent, seditious overturn= capsize, topple 25, [2009 중앙대학교 ] When Singapore decided to legalize street performances in 1997, artists were required to audition and to donate any money collected to charity. The government recently lifted a ban on audience participation, but the streets remain largely free. (A) buskers (B) maestros (C) vagabonds (D) vandals lift a ban : 금지를해제하다 <=> impose a ban 금지하다 busker 거리의악사 [ 배우 ] maestro 명인, 거장 vagabond 방랑자 vandal 파괴자 ik017@daum.net

33 26, [2009 동국대학교 ] No one who has ever followed a dream has taken a direct path and arrived at his or her destination effortlessly and on time. Following a dream can be a road full of twists and turns and occasional roadblocks. (A) replete (B) placid (C) fortuitous (D) bumpy indirect= tangential 간접적인, 주제에서벗어난 bumpy= rugged ragged= tattered= shabby replete= abundant, ample, plentiful, profuse placid= composed, calm, sedate, serene, tranquil fortuitous= serendipitous, accidental, inadvertent 27, [2009 중앙대학교 ] The Americans and the British seem to have a(n) attitude toward the island of Malta, no longer needing it themselves but nevertheless wishing to deny it to others. (A) tongue-in-cheek (B) dog-in-the-manger (C) armchair-critic (D) chicken-and-egg tongue-in-cheek 놀림조의, 비꼬는 dog-in-the-manger 심술쟁이 -> cantankerous= fractious, cranky, irritable, peevish, petulant armchair-critic 관념적인비평가 chicken-and-egg 닭이먼저냐달걀이먼저냐의 ik017@daum.net

34 28, [2007 고려대학교 ] People make claims about what one cellular technology is capable of compared with another, but they offer broadly performances. One of the technologies will make a move before the other and then have an advantage for a while, but they are basically moving in the same direction at the same speed. (A) adverse (B) distinct (C) similar (D) fantastic adverse= inauspicious, unfavorable 불리한 / antagonistic, hostile, inimical 적대적인 advantage > take advantage of ~ 을이용하다 ; ~ 에편승하다 29, [2007 고려대학교 ] are at the very base of human thought, embedded there, feeding the structure like root nodules. If we were not provided with the knack of being wrong, we could never get anything useful done. (A) Fortunes (B) Trials (C) Endowments (D) Mistakes get the hang[knack] of ~ 의요령, 기술을익히다 endowments 타고난재능 30, [2009 성균관대학교 ] The shopkeeper her quite a large discount as she is one of his regular customers. (A) gave away (B) charged (C) allowed (D) consented (E) donated regular customers= patron, client give/allow 사람 a discount 할인을제공해주다 give away 무료로주다, 나누어주다 ik017@daum.net

35 ** charge be charged with= be accused of 기소되다 be in charge of 책임지다 the charge of murder 살인혐의 31, [2007 고려대학교 ] Online investing is fast, easy, cheap, and puts you totally which gives it the appeal of a good video game. If you use it sensibly, you'll invest more efficiently. But if you forget that each mouse click is a real financial decision, you quickly can. (A) at risk make a profit (B) in charge dig yourself into a hole (C) in synch lose track of time (D) at ease improve your prospects profitable= lucrative dig yourself into a hole 제무덤을파다, 어려움에처하다 lose track of time 시간가는줄모르다 32, [2007 고려대학교 ] Pollution control can no longer be viewed as a national problem to be by individual countries on the basis of national sovereignty. As the international effects of recent nuclear accidents made clear, pollutants do not political boundaries: thus, every nation has a legitimate stake in the environmental practices and policies of its neighbors. (A) addressed respect (B) debated abandon (C) regulated cross (D) contemplated disperse Pollution control 환경오염방지 - birth control 산아제한 address the problem 문제를집중적으로다루다 respect 존경하다 / 고려, 주의하다 have a legitimate stake 타당한이해관계를가지다 at stake 위기에처한, 위태로운 contemplate= mull over, muse on, ponder, ruminate ik017@daum.net

36 34, [2007 고려대학교 ] Landmark preservation laws unfairly impinge on the of owners to develop their own property as they see fit. In some cases, owners of hotels and office buildings designated as landmarks have been to make changes in the original facades or interiors, even though they reasonably believed that the changes would enhance the structure and make them more valuable. (A) rights encouraged (B) liberty permitted (C) freedom forbidden (D) privilege excused landmark 경계표, 획기적사건 / 역사적건축물 impinge= encroach, infringe, trespass, breach property 재산 / 속성, 특성 attribute 35, [2007 국민대학교 ] Polish-born Marie Curie is regarded as one the most important research scientists of the 20th century. In Paris, fighting a dual prejudice for being a ( 가 ) and a ( 나 ), she became the first female to study and then teach at the Sorbonne. ( 가 ) ( 나 ) (A) teacher scientist (B) Polish scientist (C) scientist woman (D) woman foreigner prejudice-> prejudiced= biased, jaundiced ** xenophobia 외국인혐오증 claustrophobia 밀실공포증 <=> agoraphobia 광장공포증 39, [2009 중앙대학교 ] Copernicus found that the orbits of the planets would look simpler if they were looked at from the sun and not from the earth. But he did not in the first place find this by routine. His first step was a leap of to lift himself from the earth, and put himself wildly, speculatively into the sun. (A) reasoning disagreement (B) lapse faith (C) calculation imagination (D) estimation confusion ik017@daum.net

37 reasoning 추리, 추론 / reason 이유, 이성 weathering 풍화작용 / weather 날씨 lapse 시간의경과 / 실수, 착오 / 쇠퇴 by leaps and bounds = swiftly, rapidly 40, [2009 영남대학교 ] Some people seek for with a simple statue or park bench that marks their names, or by bequeathing a university chair. However, Whitman seeks to perpetuate his name by creating masterpieces of art. (A) longevity (B) recompense (C) popularity (D) immortality bequeath= hand down 후세에남기다 university chair 대학의석좌교수직 perpetuate 영속시키다 -> perpetual= endless, eternal, lasting, permanent, undying longevity 장수, 수명 recompense= compensate, reimburse, remunerate immortality 불멸 -> immortal 신 <=> mortal 인간 44, [2009 중앙대학교 ] The traditional process of producing an oil painting requires so many steps that it seems to artists who prefer to work quickly. (A) congenial (B) efficacious (C) interminable (D) facile congenial= affable, agreeable, cordial efficacious= effectual, practical ( 약 ) 효험이있는 interminable 끝없는 / 지루하게긴 facile= easy, simple 손쉬운, 간편한 ik017@daum.net

38 45, [2009 중앙대학교 ] The fact that even the most traditional European languages have such words as seems to indicate that no language is to foreign influences. (A) borrowed sensitive (B) prohibited irrelevant (C) incorporated impervious (D) validated susceptible irrelevant= beside the point, impertinent incorporate= consolidate, merge 합병하다, 편입하다 impervious= impenetrable, impermeable 스며들지않는, 무감동한 susceptible= vulnerable -> not susceptible= immune 47, [2003 가톨릭대학교 ] Tom is usually so courteous and that I was completely taken aback by his unaccountably and surly reply to my question. (A) affable brusque (B) equitable erudite (C) factious scurrilous (D) narrow-minded ingenious courteous= decorous, polite, decent be taken a back= be surprised unaccountable 설명할수없는, 까닭없는 surly 무뚝뚝한, 퉁명스러운 = brusque, blunt equitable= unbiased, impartial, fair, dispassionate factious 당파적인 scurrilous 말투가험한, 상스러운 narrow-minded= provincial, intolerant, bigoted, insular ik017@daum.net

39 49, [2007 고려대학교 ] Banking appears to the lay person a fearfully complicated business, requiring immense sophistication to grasp. Yet the key factor in the banking world is nothing more than discovering how to amass money cheaply and lend it at as high a price as possible. (A) abstruse (B) manageable (C) accumulative (D) intrinsic layman 일반사람, 평신도 <=> priest, clergyman 문외한 <=> expert complicated= intricate, involved abstruse= abstract, complicated, recondite, profound 50, [2007 고려대학교 ] Government spending in support of pure research is often treated as somehow wasteful, as though only immediate technological application can justify any scientific endeavor. Yet, not continually through pure research, the flow of beneficial technology will soon dry up. (A) depleted (B) replenished (C) substituted (D) cleansed pure research 순수연구분야 deplete= consume, exhaust, use up replenish= refill, reload 다시채우다, 보충하다 52, [2009 서강대학교 ] Maintaining a courageous hope even while in prison, Nelson Mandela spent years trying to convince others that the fight against apartheid was not. (A) futile (B) worthwhile (C) foreseeable (D) premeditated ik017@daum.net

40 courageous= dauntless, intrepid, gallant, valiant apartheid= discrimination, segregation futile= in vain, useless premeditated 계획적인 53, [2009 서강대학교 ] The light from most stars takes millions of years to reach us, so not only is the present existence of these stars, but so are the very concepts of the present and existence. (A) invincible (B) detectable (C) debatable (D) indecorous invincible= impregnable 무적의, 난공불락의 detectable 탐지할수있는, 알아차릴수있는 debatable = controversial, disputable, contentious, polemic 55, [2003 고려대학교 ] Yet friendship has. Only 10 percent of the sample said they thought a friend should help another commit suicide if the friend wanted to but was too feeble to do it alone. In contrast, 41 percent said no and 36 percent were opposed to suicide. (A) rewards (B) consensus (C) limits (D) bliss commit suicide 자살하다 commit= perpetrate / consign 위임하다 / 서약하다 be committed to ~ 에전념, 열중하다 reward= compensation, remuneration consensus 의견의일치, 합의 feeble= fragile, frail, weak, debilitated, decrepit ik017@daum.net

41 56, [2003 고려대학교 ] Chapter seven on Shoulds, will once again provide help in your goals. You will explore your goals in terms of short- and long-range consequences to determine if they are right for you. An honest exploration will inevitably reveal that some goals simply cost too much. (A) deferring (B) evaluating (C) tanking (D) assimilating consequence 결과 ramification / 중요성-> of little account/consequence 중요치않은, 사소한 defer 연기, 미루다 / 존경하다 deference= respect, veneration deferment= delay deter 제지하다막다-> deterrent= preventive measures 억제책 evaluate= appraise 평가하다 apprise= inform 알리다 59, [2003 고려대학교 ] Galileo asserted that the earth revolved around the sun, but he was forced by the church to. (A) recant (B) believe (C) pray (D) convince recant= retract, eat one's words, take back * be taken aback= surprise, astonish, astound, stun * have words with= altercate, contend, wrangle, squabble, quarrel, bicker ik017@daum.net

42 60, [2003 고려대학교 ] Many premature births, and the decisions that follow, could be avoided if more mothers received adequate prenatal care. (A) agonizing expectant (B) early pregnant (C) sad inexperienced (D) late young premature birth[delivery] 조산 -> immature agonizing 괴로운, 고통스러운 agony= affliction, torment, throes expectant mother 임산부 * be in labor 분만중인 61, [2009 서강대학교 ] Visual presentation can be overdone; the inexpert user of charts and diagrams often fails to resist the temptation to try and say too much. The keynote of nearly all successful diagrammatical presentation lies in simplicity of design and of cluttering detail. (A) addition (B) effective use (C) emphasis (D) absence resist= hold out temptation= captivation, enchantment, enticement, fascination, enthrallment keynote 기본방침 / 요지, 주제, 핵심 = nitty-gritty lie in= consist in, exist clutter= mess, chaos -> in a mess ik017@daum.net