16(2)-06.fm

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1 w z wz 16(2) : 253~264, 2011 Korean J Community Nutr 16(2) : 253~264, 2011 DOI: /kjcn 편의점을통한결식아동급식사업 : 서울시의현황및판매식사류의영양적질 w 1) Á«1) Á x 1,2) 1) w t w, 2) w y w Government-Funded Meal Support Program for Low-Income Children through Convenience Stores : Current Status and Nutritional Quality of Available Meal Items in Seoul )BFMJN$IPJ 4PPZPVO,XPO +JIZVO:PPO 1) Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea 2) Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea "CTUSBDU The objectives of this study were to investigate the current status of the Korean government-funded meal support program for low-income children through convenience stores and to evaluate the nutritional quality of the meal items available under the program. The POS data of three convenient stores where children had used their electronic meal cards most often in Seoul during January 2010 and the kinds and amounts of ingredients of the meal items available to the children were obtained from the headquarter of the convenient stores. A total of 5,081 transactions by 693 children included in the POS data was analyzed. In addition, nutritional contents of meal items, which were meal boxes (11 kinds), kimbab (13 kinds), rice balls (27 kinds), inari sushi (1 kind), and sandwiches (26 kinds), were analyzed with Can Pro 3.0. The results showed that children had purchased flavored-milk products most often. Children tended to purchase meal items together with drinks (60.9% of transactions), but some purchased drinks (27.6%) or meal items only (11.5%). Except for meal boxes, none of the meal items satisfied 1/3 of Estimated Energy Requirements of the 9-11 year-old boys per day. The average energy contents of different kinds of meal boxes, kimbabs, rice balls, and sandwiches were 619, 357, 200, and 380 kcal, respectively, and the energy content of a package of Inari sushi was 457 kcal. Vitamin C amount was found to be deficient in all the meal items, compared to 1/3 of Recommended Intake of the 9-11 year-old boys per day. The results of this study could be useful to develop nutritionally appropriate meal items for the convenient stores participating in the government-funded meal support program for children from lowincome families. (Korean J Community Nutr 16(2) : 253~264, 2011) KEYWORDS : low-income childrenáconvenience storeánutritional qualityámeal support program 서 k Ë~ #e~r# qp# #e #eq r p=#5343 #:o#9p#r rp=#5344 #5o#4p# r }ˆp=#5344 #7o#4p#}ˆ *This research was supported by grants from Korea Food and Drug Administration (10062 Sikpuman 035) Corresponding author: Jihyun Yoon, Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, 599 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul , Korea Tel: (02) , Fax: (02) hoonyoon@snu.ac.kr 론 ~tp#v # #e~ p# p# v 1# #e ~r# q # #pv # # #rer# p#p lv #e p #rr #mk p#tn 1#p#e l#mk p# # qp#vl # p# /# l #k #p #v l# #d +Frrshu# #4<<8>#Qhxpdqq #533:>#Vkdleoh#)#Ndxipdqq#533:,1# #k #m k # #k p#pv # d p# lv /# # l # rrp#m p# +Dodlpr# 5335>#Vljixvgrwwlu# #5339>#Qhxpdqq# #533:,1# p #k Ë~ # #mk #l # # #tn #e pl # #n #r r#k p#mk # tp# p# p # #p 1#r r 253

2 254Ár mw k p#p r#k l# #e # m#e p## p# +Edh# #5334,/#e # k # v# #p 1#e #tl # Ë Ë Ë # #k #noëor /# pp# # +Vklp# 533<,/# d/# v/# /# ˆ #F# p#mk s # #p # #p +Edh# #5334,1# mk p#o l# # #p #r r#k l o m# v #e vo lp#ee p 1# o # #e # o~p# # #t# p#tel# # e #vo #p 1# v v q ~ # ek l #e #vo #k e l+p # ek e l,p# q #pp /#v q ~ #r rp# #k l # #t# pp#së e # # # pp#te/# # #k l #sëtë e#t# en # p# l# #m p#vo #ev rp# lp#nm #p +PKZ#5343,1# ek e lp# q # v p#vo p ~ e /# p perp# #e r /# e # / të e# /# e #v p# # vp 1#vq ~p#l #k p# # l#k #vo p# r /# # v#vo #t# p perp# e r p#5;17( # # tp# q# +PKZ#533<d,1 p perp# #e r p# # # p / perp# #r # # ev #tevl# l#p l +Nlp#533:d,1# #533< #6o#p}e#p #vl #533< #:o# ne #eqp #rq e #p p erp# #e r l# p /#rq e # n# o # ev/#tev# p#p per# #k # pr v# l +PKZ#533<e,1# rq e #k p#pep# # l# r # kp # r # lv# dž# p /# /# # v /#J0Guhdp# # #v q ~# #p p# p 1#p perp# #e r p# #p #r r#k p#rq e #pn l#tev/# ev# #vr #p perl # #r #lp# p # #p v # prl # pp# n # e /# /#t # p e m#no/# o# p#p # #vr # p# p # #p +Vhj hloer#533<,1# prp# # ek e lp# #v q ~p# #rr#v #pv +Vhj hloer#5343,# pr p# # ek e lp# # # pr#pep#mkr v# l# #l #p lv# #l 1# ek e ll# # l +Nlp# 533:d># Nlp# 533:e># Sdun 533;, # evok p# r# # e#r ~ l# # rp#eˆs #t #p l 1# #p #p lv# v p# ek e ll# #l # evo #t e # +Dvdqr# #533<>#\rrq# #533<, p# p # m 1# pl# #l # prp# # ek e lp# p # pr#ž e p#mkr#vp# l# ek e ln# pr#e #e # p# q #r # ek e lp#mk#r}# l# np#t q# 1# 연구대상및방법 f j Ò lm #l l # ek e ll# p #rq e l# # p#s #o #rq e p# p#e # #vl # # #}r# l# #l #q p# v # +Kdqnrrnloer#533<>#N rqjjlgrplqloer#533<> Kdqnrrnloer#5343,/# #v q ~p#k e q l #q p m 1# # nep# ek e ll# l #I# pr# #5343 #4o# # # kp#srv+srlqw#ri#vdohv= Ž er#,q # v l#rq e #pnk p pr#pn # # p# m 1#5343 #4o# t/ rq e #pnk p# q# p# ne # vlp r m 1# pp # ek e ll# l #p # nep#;5: p#i# pr#r #t/#rq e #pnk # q# k #m # # # # # # # p#r /#v## # p#r # p # ˆ m 1#5343 #4o# # k/# # # #r l ##9<6 p#k p rq e #pn l##8/3;4 p# q m 1# k p#p p#srv#q p# #pn #k r #k # p# p#r # ol # v l # l#er # #r #pn #k p#k /# #vll ek e lp # evop# p#k p#p p #Žk l 1#p # #vlp# #k p#rq e #pn #p perp# #e #vo kp #l p# #k p#p #o # p # r m # p 1# #rq e #pn #k p#p p#r # q # # # l #5343 #4ol# ep vo p##:9: p#k p#p p# # l 1# l# n #SRV#q #r qv/#rq e #LG /#pn# v/#pn#e /# e p# l/# e p

3 w Á«Á xá255 rsl~# /#e # p# /# p # l#pl 1 rq e #LG# # pr # # ol # #r #ppp# # # # pl 1#p#t# #l l e p#rsl~# p#rn #r qv/#rq e #LG# /#pn# v/# e p# l/#e # p# / p# n l# m 1# rq e #pnk p# pr#pn p#kk #o # # #e p# p # m#4 # p#e# n # kp# m 1# # #e p# p # # 4 8 / 9 43 /# /# /# 53 #p p #8 o # l# m 1#SRV#q l # prp# #rp#p #k l# #q #pp # 3 # e ˆv#kkp /# pp# m # # nl #e p l# eˆv#kk 1# #4 # p#e# n # # kp# r # k# p# p# #Žk m 1 k p# p ##573 #e # p#43 p# p #q # #rq e #pnk p# #e p# # m 1##573 #e # p#p l# l# e /# /#t /#o /# o /# #no/# o/# o/# /# p #p p#43 p# p # m 1# p# n# p#k #t l# e p #p p # #l n# nl # pr# # pvl # e p# p# l#kk k 1# k p# # l# p #e # pp# # n# 4 /# p v#kp# nl # 3 p# l # #s l#e Ž p# m 1#k p# p #43 #e p# e /# /#t /#o /# o /# #no/# o/# o/# /# p p # p # 43q # q # m 1# m # l p# e # p #p # # p#p 1# # e /# /#t /#o /# o # e #q /# #no/# o/# o/# /# p #p p #q l#e m#p # # p #k /#p # p #k /#e # p #k p # l# m 1# H{fho# 533: # SDVZ# Vwdwlvwlfv# 4;13+VSVV# Lqf 533<,p#pn l# v #q # m 1#k p#p /# pr#pn# /# pr#e # # # Ž p# m# pp#re m 1# pr#pn# l #k p# pr# # m#4 # p#e# n # # kp# # ld# rp# # mp # r#op 3138p# tp #r m 1# Ò f fa ek e lnp #Ž #e p#mkr#vp s #o # # #eq /#s #r#t p# m 1# pr# # # #q # v m 1# v e #q # /# # e /#ro p# e p# e #44s/# /#k} # p# #46s/# #t /# d#t # p#t #5:s/#o 4s/# v# o /#l pƒ# o # p# o 59sp ##:;spl 1# e l# # e /# /#t /#o /# o p#e #r p#eq p#s #r#t p#pn m 1# #e l # n #eq # # #r #L /# # #r #LL /# Ë Ë Ë /# } /# p /# no# #or /# ovë # # # #eq p#s #r#t p# p#mk t p#e #4p#4 # +Wkh#Nruhdq#Qxwulwlrq#Vrflhw 5338d,p # l# #eq p#e #r # # m 1#p# #eq #t#e/# /# /# q/# q# p#k p#l #e # l # v#kp #e #r # l #rn m 1# #e p#e #r # # ek e lp# q#t# q# p# pp# v # p # # p# qe Ž #t#< 44 kl# #5/333Dp#e # q # +Wkh Nruhd#Qxwulwlrq#Vrflhw #5338d,m# l# #e p#e # s# pp# m 1# #e l # n #eq p#s #r#t p#fdq#sur 613+Wkh#Nruhdq#Qxwulwlrq#Vrflhw #5338e,l#p l# #e p#mk # p# m 1# #< 44 kl# # ek e lp#mk t/#v# p mk tl#re # n r # # q +Wkh Nruhd#Qxwulwlrq#Vrflhw #5338d,p#426 # l# e p#mk # s# pp# m 1# /#e p mk # l#no+533 po,p#mk # p# # # p# ep # m 1 q # p#h{fho# 533: # SDVZ# Vwdwlvwlfv# 4;13 +VSVV#Lqf#533<,p#pn m 1# pr#e p#e #r #mk # p# # t # mp #mk # # e# r#k #q # # ek p#m k tl# l# m 1 #

4 256Ár mw 결 과 f j Ò lm lm rq e #533< #6o#p}#p vlp#eqp p l 1#533< #:ol # ne#r#vll# p lp # o# +533< #45o,/# # # # #7 o,p# ~#5343 #8ol # #p vll # p l 1#rq e #pnk p# # l#j# #p # kp# #6/833op #}r l #p# n/#5343 #4o# # #vo # kp#43;/833op #p# o# l # #4 l#:/333o v# np# # p #s l 1# rq e #pnk p# #v q ~ #vr #te v/# ev/# ev# # prl #pep# # #pl 1 perp# nl # # # l#r p#lp # p rl # e /# /#t /#o /# o /# #n o/# o/# o/# /# p #p p##43 # p # # # l#r p#pl 1# Ò lm +4,# ek e l#vo# #k p#p r# vll# t # evo# #k p#k#77( # p # q# k /# +6316(,/#t +5816(, p# pl 1# vlp# evo# #k #t# +<81:(,p#p perp# #e r p# #k /#v#r q e #pn #k pl +Wdeoh#4,1# # +5,#rq e #pnk p# pr#pn# # rq e #pnk p# # # k# prp# #k#p # # mp /#43 #p # #k p#526p +:516(,pl 1# #k p# prp#4 # # # # kp #}r #6/833op# n # p#k /# rp #k# # l# # k+k#9/933o,p# n pl 1# # p# rp #v l# # r # kp#:/333o#p p# n #k # +6415(,p l +Wdeoh#5,1# pr# # m#4 # #e# n # kp#op # # pv#kk 31;5:,1# Table 1. General characteristics of the children having received meal support in the sampled areas Characteristics Classification n % School grade level Location Preschool students Elementary school students Middle school students High school students Others 1) Seongbuk-gu Jangwi-1dong Yeongdeungpo-gu Singil-3dong Seongbuk-gu Jangwi-3dong Meal support method Meals through restaurants (including the convenience stores) Institutional foodservice Total ) Children who are not attending school in their school years Table 2. Purchase characteristics of the children having visited the sampled convenience stores Item Classification n % Mean SD Number of purchase per person GGfor a month , > 3,500 4, Average cost per purchase GGper person (won) > 4,000 5,000 > 5,000 6, > 6,000 7, > 7, Total

5 w Á«Á xá257 +6,#rq e #pnk p# pr#e # ek e lnp #Ž # pr#e # # #Ž kp#wdeoh#6l#re m 1#rq e #pnk p# pr#e #t# o # q# p# p m /# +6<13(,m# k+6615(,# # l # q# p# p p# v m 1# #nom# op#ž kp# # l /#k# (,l# # kp# no # p # # n l 1# /# m# k# tl # # / t # o #e #t# q# # pl 1# Table 3. Sales volume and sales of the meal items purchased by the children having used electronic meal cards in the sampled convenience stores for a month Item Sales volume Sales n % Won % Meal Meal box 1, ,836, Kimbab 1, ,287, Rice ball 7, ,955, Inari sushi , Sandwich 2, ,006, Subtotal 13, ,144, Drink Plain milk 1, ,630, Flavored milk 12, ,109, Soybean milk 1, ,569, Bottled water , Fruit-flavored drink 1, , Subtotal 17, ,328, Total 31, ,473, rq e #pnk p# #e p#4 # p # #j # kp#wdeoh#7m# k 1#o /# e /# /# o /# /# p #p p# nl #4 # p#e#k# # r # p # l# /#t /#no/# o/# op# nl #4 # p#e#l # # p #pl 1# #t p n#4 # p#e#k# # l# # p#5/7<5op# n #plp /#no #k# # l# # p#6/797 op# n # p # ˆ 1# +7,#rq e #pnk p# pr#e # Ž e m#p # # p # n+931<(, # q# k /#p # p # n #k#5;(l# 1#e p# p # pp# rp # v#kk 1#e m#p # # p # n#tl #t # o # p # p+4913(,p# q# k 1#p # p # nl o # p # p+751:(,p# q# kp #e p# p # nl #t p# p # p+6917(, p# q# p# p # ˆ +Wdeoh#8,1# Ò f Ò f k ek e lnp # prl #Ž #e p # #t p#wdeoh#9l#re m 1#e #t# e p # p#5/84;op # q# k /# # pp #o +5/833o,/# o +4/:8;o,/# +4/587o,/#t +;:7o,# pl 1# #e p#t p# e p#6;7j Table 4. Sales per purchase per person of the meal items purchased by the children having used electronic meal cards in the sampled convenience stores for a month Item Sales (won) Unit Price Mean SD Mode Min Max (won) Meal Meal box (n = 1,005) 3,817 1,702 2,500 1,500 12,500 2,450 1) Kimbab (n = 654) 1,968 1,230 1,000 1,000 7,500 1,252 1) Rice ball (n = 2,370) 2,492 1,716 1, , ) Inari sushi (n = 24) 2,500 15,41 2,500 2,300 2,500 2,500 1) Sandwich (n = 1,642) 3,049 1,671 1,800 1,400 10,900 1,793 1) Drink Plain milk (n = 1,048) 3,464 2,100 2, , ) Flavored milk (n = 3,401) 3,266 2,715 2, , ) Soybean milk (n = 484) 3,242 1,983 1,000 1,000 7,600 1,100 3) Bottled water (n = 411) 1,158 1, ,000 1,412 1) Fruit-flavored drink (n = 825) 1,659 1, , ) 1) Calculated by averaging total price of each food item authorized for the government-funded meal support program for lowincome children 2) Calculated by adding up only 200ml volume of the items 3) Calculated by adding up only ml volume of the items

6 258Ár mw Table 5. Purchase patterns of the children having used electronic meal cards in the sampled convenience stores for a month Pattern n % Meal + Drink Rice ball + Flavored milk Rice ball + Sandwich + Flavored milk Sandwich + Flavored milk Others 1) 1, Subtotal 3, Drink Only Flavored milk Plain milk + Flavored milk Plain milk Flavored milk + Soybean milk Others 2) Subtotal 1, Meal Only Rice ball Rice ball + Sandwich Sandwich Others 3) Subtotal Total 5, ) Others include the following: 'Kimbab + Rice ball + Flavored milk', 'Meal box + Rice ball + Fruit-flavored drink', and 'Kimbab + Fruit-flavored drink' etc 2) Others include the following: 'Soybean milk', 'Plain milk + Flavored milk + Soybean milk', and 'Flavored milk + Fruit-flavored drink' etc 3) Others include the following: 'Kimbab + Rice ball + Sandwich', 'Kimbab + Rice ball', and 'meal box' etc p # q# k /#o +583 j,/# +558 j,/# o +489 j,/#t +459 j,# p # ˆ 1# #e # #t p#ƒv # p# kv # p#pl 1# Ò f h ek e ln# pr#e p#e #r p Wdeoh#: # 1# # v#e #t#e #r p# qe Ž l#re #e # q # p#426p# q se # p# e pl 1# # #r L/# Ë Ë Ë p#r p# seˆ #e # e p#op mp /# p /#no# #or p# e p# # #e l # p#r v#kk 1#} p# nl # p# qe Ž l#re #e # q # p#426p# se 1#ovË # # l# l#t #o p# qe Ž l#re #e # q p#426p# seˆv# # /# e +9518(, # o +:813(, #526# tp#r #pl 1# Ò f j ek e ln# pr#e p#mk # p#wdeoh ;l#re m 1# /# #l v# #mk # p Table 6. General characteristics of the mealg items available at convenience stores under the government-funded meal support program for low-income children Item Classification n % Mean SD 2, Price (won) 2, , , Meal box (n = 11) 300 < Weight (g) 350 < < < , Price (won) 1, , , Kimbab (n = 13) 1, < Weight (g) 200 < < Price (won) 1, Rice ball (n = 27) 1, Weight (g) Inari Sushi (n = 1) Price (won) 2, ,500 Weight (g) , , Price (won) 1, , Sandwich (n=26) 1, , < Weight (g) 150 < <

7 w Á «Á xá 259 Table 7. Number of servings 1) of the mealgitems available at convenience store under the government-funded meal support program for low-income children Meal box (n = 11) Kimbab (n = 13) Rice ball (n = 27) Inari sushi (n = 1) Sandwich (n = 26) Cereals and graingproducts I ) ) Cereals and grain products II Meat, fish, egg and pulses products Vegetables Fruits Milk and milk products Oil, nuts and sweets ) We calculated number of servings through one portion size according to food groups set by The Korean Nutrition Society (The Korean Nutrition Society 2005a) 2) Recommended food group intakes of 9 11 year-old boys per day 3) Mean SD 4) % of guideline Table 8. Nutritional contents of the mealgitems available at convenience store under the government-funded meal support program for low-income children Meal box (n = 11) Kimbab (n = 13) Rice ball (n = 27) Inari sushi (n = 1) Sandwich (n = 26) Energy(kcal) ) ) ProteinG(% of total energy) FatG(% of total energy) CarbohydrateG(% of total energy) ProteinG(g) Vitamin AG(µg RE) ThiaminG(mg) RiboflavinG(mg) Vitamin CG(mg) CalciumG(mg) IronG(mg) )G 1/3 of Estimated Energy Requirements or Recommended Intake of the 9 11 year-old boys per day. 2) G Mean SD 3) G % of guideline Food Group Guideline 2) Type of mealgitems Nutrients Guideline 1) Type of mealgitems

8 260Ár mw Fig. 1. Percentage of nutritional contents of the mealgitems with milk available at convenience store under the government-funded meal support program for low-income children compared with the guideline 1) 1) 1/3 of Estimated Energy Requirements or Recommended Intake of the 9 11 year-old boys per day. < 44 p# kl# # n r # # q p # l# #e p#mk # l m#no # # # np# l #Ilj1#4l# ˆ l 1 e p#l v+<:19(,# # v# +4::1;(,/#Ž k # t+43313(,p# se p # ˆ #D+8817(,/# ˆ #F+8613(,/# d+5619(,# # v# mk p# tp# seˆv# 1# o # v# +45:17(, p# se p# #l v+8<1<(, # # v# mk p# p# seˆv# 1# #t /#o p#l v# # #mk # l #r~rp #mk tl# # k 1# e p#mk # l#no# # p#mk # p# l# # /# s # v/# # # dp p# # #e # l #mk tp# se 1# # ˆ #D/#Žk /# ˆ #F# #~ p#lr # s m 1# 고 #l l # prp# # ek e lp# p #o #rq e #pnk p# q# p# ne # r /# #t#5343 #4o# k#rq e #pnk p# q# p# m # # #r p#srv#q # m 1# # #r # q #vll # ep#vo #k p# #761;(/#t #5816(/# #6316(p l 1#p #5343 #4o# ne#r~p# ek e l#v o#k p#ëtë # # # v#kp# p 찰 /#k p#e # # # #Ž l# # p# vll# eˆ# n #l # p #l v 1#er / ne# e#vok p# #771<(/#t #631:(/ #5613(m +Vhrxo#Phwursrolwdq#Jryhuqphqw 5343,1# #l p# p # r # prp# m #r q e #pnk p# prp# # # #k#p # # mp /# rp #k# # l# # kp#9/933 op# l# n m 1# vlp#rq e #p nk p# vll# # pr/#v# p # r pr p# # r #rq e #pnk p# 5343 # 4o# tp # r # 64 # vo# kp 43;/833o#t#k#75(l# # kp# prl # n # p # # #p 1#5343 #4o# tp # v ll # ek e ll# l #perp# ##45 m /#p#t# prp# # # #58( # v p# # /#k p# #p perl# # prp#p n # p# # 1# # p#rq e #pnk p# # q# k #r m #p # vll# #k p# pr# # k # p#k # vll # evop# #k p# # k # p 1#pl#rq e #pnk p# pr#pn p# #p l# # l# #lp# p # 1 p # ek e ll# l # nvlp#r~#per p# #t# prp# v # p+6;(,p# vlp pr# p+58(, # p# p# # # # #vl l #k p# pr#pn p# #l p# #vl

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10 262Ár mw pp# # #pp# p 1# #p #k l #mkr p # #q #e #r p# #k p# # ˆ p #rl # # 1# k p#o # k #mkvo# p#p # l #r r# ol #mk tp# r l# lp# #p 1#mok/#p # # o l # e p#r # ZLF# +Vshfldo# Vxssohphqwdo# Qxwulwlrq Surjudp#iru#Zrphq/#Lqidqwv#dqg#Fkloguhq,p# n/ p#mkvo +Irrg#dqg#Qxwulwlrq#Vhuylfh,l #r e #o l# # q # p# #e p#r #p 1# #e p# # v /# d /# # p#r k# #mk p# /# v/# ˆ #F# p# qmk # p# r l#p +Xqlwhg#Vwdwhv#Ghsduw0 phqw#ri#djulfxowxuh#^xvgd`#5343,1# # ool#p # # # l# l #r #k l #e # # ep# r # FDFIS+Fklog# )#Dgxow# Fduh Irrg#Surjudp, # p#v l# #e p#s m#r p# #p +XVGD#533<,1# prp# # ek e l #pm# p#k p#mkp# l#r r# op# kp# n 1# #l l # #r p#srv#q # #rq e #pnk p# pr#pn # #e # p#ž k m 1# #p p#er #k p#e #plv # #lp # qp#k p# p # # #57e # # p# #l # # n # p # 1# k # ek e ll# prp# p #vlp# k # p v#kp#vlp# k p# l # # prp# pl# #m # # # #q#žk # #pp# p # 1# #p f# ek e l n# pr#e p# l# #r op# tp# p # p# n 1# 요약및결론 #l #5343 #4o# # #rq e #pn # n#p vl#k p# pr#pn# p#srv#q #pn l# m 1# #rq e #pnk p# # p # ek e ln# pr#e p#mkr#vp# m 1#tn# # p # 1# 4,# vll #p perp# #e r p# k Ë~ /#v#rq e # k p# +761;(, p# q# k /# pp # +6316(,/# t +5816(,# pm 1# 5,#rq e # k #:67 #t#9<6 +<717(,p 5343 #4o# # # k# prp# m 1#p p# p rp# # l# #k#p # # mp /#4# # r#el #k#9/933op# n m 1# 6,#rq e #pnk p# pr#e #t# o # q# p# p m 1# +6<13(,m# k+6615(, # l # q# p# pp# v m 1# #nom# op#ž kp# # l /#k# (,l# # kp# no # p # # n l 1# /#e #tl # +5817(,# # rk+4:1;(,# tp #t p# q# l 1# 7,#rq e #pnk p# prl #e p# p # # l#l # # p m 1#t p# p # # n # np#t #k# # # l# #5/7<5op lp /# #no # p # # n # kp#k# # l# #6/797opl 1 8,#e p# Ž p#e m#p # # p # n+931<(, # q# kp #p p# p # n #k 5;(#m 1#e m#p # # p # n#tl t # o # p # p+4913(,p# q# k / p p# p # n#tl # o p# p # p+751:(,p# q# k 1# 9,# ek e ln# pr#e + e /# /#t /#o /# o,p#e #r p# # #r /# Ë Ë Ë /#} /# p /#no# #or /#ovë # # # tp # # # #e l # p m#no# #or p#r v#kk 1#< 44 kp# qe Ž l#re #e # q # p#42 6p# seˆ #e p# q# p#e # e plp /# e p#} p#r +5;13(,p# s 1# v e p# n# p#} p#r +6913(,p# s e p /#ovë # # #rn # #e p r p# s m 1# :,# pr#e p#l v# #mk # p#< 44 kp#l v# n r # # q # # / l v# tp# seˆ # p# e p#op m # v#e #l v# #mk # m 1# ~rp /# e p#l v+<:19(,/# v+4::1;(,# Žk (,# p# se p # ˆ #D+8817(,/ +891;(,/# ˆ #F+8613(,/# d+5619(,/#~ +;313(,# p# p# seˆv# 1# o # v# +45:17(,# p# se p# /#l v+8<1<(, # v# mk # s 1# #t /#o

11 w Á«Á xá263 p#l v# # #mk # n r # # q l # k 1#e l#no # l# # /# s # v/# # # dp# p# # #e l # l 1# # ˆ #D/#Žk /# ˆ #F #~ p#lr # s m 1# l # /#rq e #pnk p# pr#pn p# p # q#ž #p # pr#e p#mkr#vp# k# # n p# p# p # ˆ 1# #e #no m# # mp# #e p#mkr#vp#pr# # p# #nom# #e # p #k p#v # p#tn # p # 1# k # #l p#mk r# # ˆp # pr#e p# # /# s #mk # # #p #e p# p /#p #Š k l #mkrp # q #e p#s p#re # p# n 1# prp# # ek e lp# v # # # v# ek e l#t# p perp# #e r l# # p#nl # r #p 1# prp # l # lp # #perlp # #te vë ev# # # p perp# #e r p # # p#r}p# # l# p#t# #p 1# # ek e l#t# p perp# #e r p#v o #kl# prp# #e r p# v# # l# # per# # prp# #e r # p #nl # # p# n 1# #l # prp# # ek e lp# #e #~# w#l p /# ek e ln# pr#e p mk r# l# # #r m # l#pp #p 1# ek e ll# prp# p # # p# /# #l # ek e ll# l # prl # ek e l#n#e # p# q # #k r l # ek e ll# #mk#r}p# tn # q # n # #p 1# k Alaimo K, Olson CM, Frongillo EA (2002): Family food insufficiency, but not low family income, is positively associated with dysthymia and suicide symptoms in adolescents. J Nutr 132: Asano K, Yoon J, Yoon B (2009): Appropriate size and dish combination of nutritional-balanced lunch boxes delivered to children under the government-funded meal service program in Korea. Korean J Community Nutr 14(5): Bae EJ, Kwon JH, Yoon HJ, Lee SK (2001): Nutritional status of school lunch supported students in an elementary school. Korean J Diet Assoc 7(4): Black RE, Williams SM, Jones IE, Goulding A (2004): Children who avoid drinking cow milk are at increased risk for prepubertal bone fractures. J Am Diet Assoc 104: Cooper C, Cawley M, Bhalla A, Egger P, Ring F, Morton L, Barker D (1995): Childhood growth, physical activity, and peak bone mass in women. J Bone Miner Res 10(6): Hankookilbo (2009): Government changes meal coupon into electronic card. Available from society/200904/h htm [cited 2010 June 20] Hankookilbo (2010): Chungnam introduced the electronic card for the government-funded meal support program for children from low-income families. Available from lpage/society/201004/h htm [cited 2010 September 22] Kim ES (2007a): A study on improving the efficiency of the free feeding system for poorly-fed children in Gangwon province, Gangwon Development Research Institute, Gangwon, pp Kim MS (2007b): Survey of current status on foodservice program for children from low-income families, National Human Rights Commission of Korea, Seoul, pp Kyonggidominilbo (2009): To introduce the purumi welfare card. Available from [cited 2010 June 20] Ministry for Health and Welfare [MHW] (2009a): 2009 Winter statistics about child foodservice program. Unpublished raw data Ministry for Health and Welfare [MHW] (2009b): Eat absentmindedly? No! Healthy food is a privilege for children. Available from /front/al/sal0301ls.jsp?par_ MENU_ID=04&MENU_ID=0403 [cited 2010 June 22] Ministry for Health and Welfare [MHW] (2010): 2010 The child welfare program guide, Seoul p.144 Neumann CG, Murphy SP, Gewa C, Grillenberger M, Bwibo NO (2007): Meat supplementation improves growth, cognitive, and behavioral outcomes in Kenyan children. J Nutr 137: Park ND (2008): Analysis of the status of foodservice program for children from low-income families in Daejeon and improvement plan for the support system, Daejeon Development Institute, Daejeon, pp Segyeilbo (2009): Government changes meal coupon into electronic card for the government-funded meal support program for children from low-income families. Available from NTRY/Article.asp? aid= &subctg1=01&subctg2=[cited 2010 June 10] Segyeilbo (2010): GS25 launched the government-funded meal support program for children from low-income families. Available from http ://www. segye.com/articles/news/economy/ Article.asp?aid= &sub ctg1=&subctg2=[cited 2010 June 15] Seoul Metropolitan Government (2010): 2010 Statistics about Child Foodservice Program. Unpublished raw data Shaible UE, Kaufmann SHE (2007): Malnutrition and infection: Complex mechanisms and global impacts. Plos Med 4(5): Shim JE, Yoon J, Lee K, Kwon S (2009): Evaluation of dietary

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