정책연구용역보고서 이보고서는국회입법조사처의정책연구용역사업에의한것임 1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의 권리침해현황과대책 김진웅 이영주 2012. 8. 31
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책 2012. 8. 31 연구책임자 : 김진웅 공동연구원 : 보조연구원 : 이영주 이현우 ( 사 ) 언론인권센터
제출문 1 SNS. 2012 년 8 월 김진웅
요약, 1,.,,,,,,,.,, 1, ( ) SNS.
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목차 Ⅰ. / 1 Ⅱ. / 5 1. 5 2. :, SNS, 1 12 3. SNS 19 Ⅲ. SNS : / 46 1.,, 46 2. 59 Ⅳ. 1 SNS / 69 1. 69 2. 81 Ⅴ. / 92
표차례 [ 1] 30 [ 2] (2008-2010 ) 31 [ 3] (2010 ) 34 [ 4] ( ) 43 [ 5] 87 [ 6] 88
Ⅰ. 서론. 서론 (freedom of speech and press),.,.. (media) (communication) (network). 1, (Social Media). (high-touch reaction). UCC(User Created Contents) (New Media),.... (Great Firewall) 1
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책....,,.. (Privacy),.,, (dilemma).,. (big brother),,. 21,, (Mass Media),,. (hacking), 2
Ⅰ. 서론 (Cyber Terror).,.., 1 1),.,,..,.,,,., (Blog) (Cafe), 1 (Journalism Homepage), ( ). 1 vs 1) 1,,,, SNS, 1, 1,,. 3
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책.. Ⅰ,. Ⅱ - -.. Ⅲ SNS(Social Network Service).,. Ⅳ., Ⅴ, (Governance).,.,,.,,,.,. 4
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권. 한국사회의미디어와시민권,,. 2008., (2008),, (issue public) (2008), (Agora), TV TV,, UCC,, - - (2008).,. 5
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책., SNS,. (post blog),,,,,. (2009).., DMB((Digital Multimedia Broadcasting), IPTV,, MMS(Multimedia Messaging Service), (3G, 3.5G, 4G ), SNS,,.,. (Network Media) ( ).,,,,. (Contents), PC, TV, MP 3, (Navigation), (interaction) (Ericsson 2007 4 ). 6
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권..,.,. 'NineMSN' (Martin Hoffman) (broadband)., C (generation C) 2)..,.., (Robin Good) 2) C,,.,.,,,. 7
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책., (original forms), (information routing groups)., ( 2010)., (microblog) SNS., (2010)., SNS.,,. (2012), - -. 2000. 2002, ( ), ( 8
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권, 2006;, 2006)., (online communities)., (narrator)...,., ( 2006; 2009; 2011; 2004; Castells 2009 ). (fandom).,., DC 9
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책, ( ), ( 2012). 2000. 2008.,,., ( 2011)., (life politics).,.., (Facebook) (Twitter) 10
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권. SNS,. URL,. (Retweet, RT) (mention), ( 2011). (Social Entertainer). SNS., SNS,,, FTA, 2012 4. SNS,., 11
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책,, ( 2012). SNS., (media politics).,,., (Habermas)...,. 1... 12
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권.,.. (Emerson), (self-fulfillment), (attainment of truth), (participating in decision making), (balancing between stability and change) ( 2002 : 15; 2009 : 23)..... 1776, 1791, 1789. 20,,., 20. 13
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책... 21 2., (self-governance), (autonomy) (, 2005, 139 ). (theory of free marketplace of ideas), (theory of self-government), (theory of self-fulfillment) ( 2009 : 21)., (marketplace of ideas). (market of ideas)', (laissez-faire) (metaphor) ( 2002 : 27).,.. 1644 (John Milton) (Areopagitika). 200 (John S. Mill) (On Liberty)' ( 2005 : 140).. 14
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권, (self-righting). (Oliver W. Holmes) 1919 (Abrams).,. ( 2005 : 140).,. (deliberative democracy)..,. (political speech). ( 2005 : 141).., ( 2005 : 141).,..,,,., 15
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책.,., ( 2002 : 34-35).,.. ( ),..,,,,..,.,..,. 16
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권 ( 1997 : 506)... 1...., ( 2002 : 465)., 1940 1970. 1,.,.,,,...,,,., 17
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책,,,..,. ( ).,.,.,. ( 1997 : 507). 21 1,...,,,,,,,,.. 21 2.,,. 18
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권 ( 2006 : 9-10).,.,,.,.. (platform),,...,.,, SNS,.,, 19
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책,. 1990.. (sovereignty),,. 2.0 (application) (YouTube),,. (OSCE 2010 : 4).,. 2009 4,. 2010 2,. 2010 8 19, @ URL(http://twitter.com/uriminzok).,. 2008 5 28, 20
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권. MB 2MB,. 2011 5 @2MB18nomA URL(http://twitter.com/2MB18nomA). 2009 1, 2009 7.. 2008 7 199,. 2009 6.. SNS. 2010 6.. 21
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책. (trackback),,,,. 3), ( ),. ( ),,... ( ),., 2008 12. 2003., 2006 2. 2009 1 1 10 3). 22
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권.,, 3..,,,,,,,,,.,,, ( 2009 : 73).,. IP.,. 23
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책 ( 2009). (2007),,,,.., ( 2007 : 119-122). (2008)., ( 2008 : 283-284).,? (hate speech). 24
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권,.. 1.,,,,,..,.. ( 2006 : 13-14).. 1992 R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul.,.... 25
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책 ( 2006 : 15)... (server). 5,. 5 10. 5 2.. ( 2006 : 16). 2002 53,, 4).,,,,,,. 4) 2002. 6. 27., 99 480, 53.. 26
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권,... 5),,... 2010 6)., 5) 44 7. 6) 2010. 9. 30.,.. 27
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책. 2009 47 1,. 2010.,.....,.,,... 28
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권.,.,,.. 1995 ( ) 7). 2008 ( ). 44 7( ) ㆍ ㆍ ㆍ ㆍ ㆍ ㆍ ㆍ ㆍ.,. 7) 1992 7, 10, 53 19. 1995 1, 4.,, <http://bit.ly/pkerku>, : 2011. 10. 31. 29
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책 ( 44 7 2 3 ). 2 1 ( 73 5 )., ( 21 4 ). ( 8 )... 21 4 [ 표 1] 방송통신심의위원회의심의구조 ( ) : (1) (1) 44 7 (2) (2) (1)+(2)+ (3) * :,, 27 2, 2010, 65-99. 30
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권 8),,,,, ( 8 2 4 ). 2008. 5. 16. 2010. 12. 31. 99,693 3,115 2,304 9).. [ 표 2] 방송통신심의위원회의심의현황 (2008-2010년 ) * ( ) ( ) ( ) 2008 29,589 15,004(50.7%) 14,997(100%) 2009 24,346 17,636(72.4%) 17,634(100%) 2010 45,758 41,103(89.8%) 40,662(98.9%) 99,693 73,743(74.0%) 73,293(99.4%). 100%,. 8) ( ). <http://bit.ly/n3fwdh>, : 2011. 10. 21. 9), 1 : 2008.2. ~ 2011. 4, 2011;.. 31
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책... 10). 3, 11). 12).. 2010 9, 12. 10),,,, 2010. 12. 23. 11) 2010. 2. 11. 2009 35924 12) 2011 13, 21 4 ( ) 32
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권 13).,.,., 100% 14).. 2003 2011 4 49 3,716, 8, 15)., 16). (2010 1 1 ~12 31 ). 13),. 14) 2008 2010 7. 2010. 10. 19. 15) 16) 2011. 11.. 33
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책 [ 표 3] 방송통신심의위원회에대한기관별심의신청및결과현황 (2010 년 ) ( ) ( ) 13,086 12,772 (97.6%) 12,127 (94.9%) 8,472 8,425 (99.4%) 8,385 (99.5%) 599 25 (0.4%) 25 (100%) 10,693 8,333 (77.9%) 8,195 (98.3%) 32,850 29,555 (89.9%) 28,732 (97.2%),,.,. 17).. 2008 7, 2 18)., 3. 19). 17) 2008 500, 21 4 ( ); 2011 13. 18) 2008 500. 19), 34
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권 2009 4,. 2010 2,.,. 2008 5 28,. MB 2MB,. 2011 5 @2MB18nomA URL(http://twitter.com/2MB18nomA). 2009 1, 2009 7.. 2008 7 199,. 2009 6., 10 2, 2009.. 35
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책.,, (Frank La Rue 2011).. 44 2, 30.. 6 20), 21). 20) 2. 36
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권 22)., 30.. 2008 5 7,,., (Google), 14, 23). 2009 5,., 21). 103 ( ) 2. 22). 2009 4 16, NHN, 3, 3. 4009. 4. 16., 2008 53812 ( ). 23)?,, 2008 8 5. 37
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책. 6.. 2008 10,. 2009 4. 2009 4., 24).,.,. 24) 2011 11 30 " " MBC, 16., 10. 38
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권.. ( : 182396). 2009 6, 5,., 1..,., 2005 KBS KBS,. UCC,,,.. 2006 P2P, 39
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책, 2009. 3 6.,., (fair use). 2010 2 19, ( : 189180).,.,,.,,.,. 47 1, 1961 12 30.. 40
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권 2008 5 1 25),. 2009 1. 2010, 26),.. 27). 25) - 5 17,. 2010 9 9. 26) 2010 12 29 47 1 47. 14, 5, 7, 2, 33, 29, 2, 2. 41
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책 2010 12 28 47 1. 28)., 29)..,, ( : 1810562), ( : 1810595),,,,,, ( : 1810936). ( : 1810978).. 2011 3 27) 2010.6.25. 28) 2010. 12. 28. 2008 157 29) 2010.12.28. 42
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권, 11 FTA.,.,. 30). [ 표 4] 정보통신망법 위반( 명예훼손 ) 사건처리현황 2006 701 16 2007 844 10 2008 841 6 2009 1,033 6 2010 1,065 0 30) 43
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책 3 2, 7, 10 5 ( 70 ). 2 500, 5, 10 1 307.. 2010 3 8.,,.,,,, 44
Ⅱ. 한국사회의미디어와시민권, 31).,. 4-5, -.. 2012 4,300, -.. - -,. 31) 2006. 10. 13., 2005 3112 ; 2010. 2. 11., 2009 14890. 45
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책. 인터넷과 SNS 등개인미디어에대한국내규제 사례 : 국가와권력집단의시민권침해를중심으로,..,,,.. 2008 2008.,, 46
Ⅲ. 인터넷과 SNS 등개인미디어에대한국내규제사례 100. 12 29 7,. 47 1,.. 2010 7 6 KBS. "KBS " "KBS,, ' '. ". KBS ' '. 4 " " "KBS,, 47
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책., KBS ". KBS 11 4. KBS ' '. 2012 1 ' '..,.,.. 2012. 2010 3 26 48
Ⅲ. 인터넷과 SNS 등개인미디어에대한국내규제사례.. 2010 5 27 8 16. " ",.. 2010 6 2 1, 2, KBS KBS. KBS 2011 1 6. 100.. 49
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책 2012 6 20 4. 2011 ' ' 4, 2012 2 4. 2012 7 7. 4 ( ) " ". 4. 2009 5. ' '. "19 50
Ⅲ. 인터넷과 SNS 등개인미디어에대한국내규제사례 " " "... 2009 ( ). " " 2. " ". 2012 3.! 51
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책 ",.!,!. ". 2008 MBC 100. 2010 SMS.. 8. ' ( ) '. 52
Ⅲ. 인터넷과 SNS 등개인미디어에대한국내규제사례 2011 FTA 3. 2007 8 -, 2011 9 15. 2012 14.,. 2008 4 29 MBC,.,,,. 2008 6 (3 ), 53
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책 (4 ) (6 ). 2012. " "... "... ". ".. ",. ". 54
Ⅲ. 인터넷과 SNS 등개인미디어에대한국내규제사례 2012 7 12 30 ( ) 18 ( ).. SNS.. " (K-POP),.,... 55
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책 2010 10 14, 100 (2011 127). (2MB18nomA).,. 11. 2011 10 26, 200 (2011 9243). 10, 2010 6 2 5. 4,,. 90, 93 1, 56
Ⅲ. 인터넷과 SNS 등개인미디어에대한국내규제사례 103 3, 107.,. (2011 3447; 2011 5344; 2011 9243)...... 2011 10 26, 10 10, SNS. 57
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책,.,. MB.. 158. 2012 1. < >., 158. 58
Ⅲ. 인터넷과 SNS 등개인미디어에대한국내규제사례 SNS (, ),,,..,,,,,,.,,.. (1) 타블로, 타진요상대명예훼손소송. 2010 10 1 8, MBC. 59
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책, 2012 7 6 1 2 10, 4 8 2, 2 10 2. (2) 김주하트위터논란 (2010 년 ) 2010 10 MBC ' '. ' ' ' ' ' ' " ( ) " " ' ', ' '... ".. " :::;;; ~ ~!! " " " ".. ".. 60
Ⅲ. 인터넷과 SNS 등개인미디어에대한국내규제사례 (3) 이병헌, 강병규상대명예훼손소송 2012 8 20. " XX" ' ' ". 19 XX??. ", ".??. (1) 스마트폰어플리케이션 오빠믿지 ' 의사생활침해논란 (2011 년 ) GPS (Global Positioning System, ) 61
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책.,. 2011 1 6 4 8. 3. (2) 오세훈전시장사칭 유령트위터 논란 (2010 년 ) 2010. 2010 7 5. (@ohsehoonforu). (@OSeHun) (mayer.seoul.go.kr). 5. ". 62
Ⅲ. 인터넷과 SNS 등개인미디어에대한국내규제사례 (3) 송지선아나운서자살 (2011 년 ) 2011 MBC 19. " ".,.., SNS. SNS,. (1) SNS 상에서의사이버스토킹 SNS. (23) 2011 63
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책 7., `. `. 2012 (25).. " " " " " "... (2) 카카오톡언어폭력으로인한청소년자살 2012 6 20 (16) A 10 1. 2012 8 14 11.. 2010 80%, 85%. 3,000. 2009 3 3,000 64
Ⅲ. 인터넷과 SNS 등개인미디어에대한국내규제사례.,,. SNS, 5.... 2004,. 2006 5, 2007 12 1. 2007 10,, UCC. 150. 65
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책 (Google).., 2010 97.6%.,,,,..,,.. 5.,,.. 66
Ⅲ. 인터넷과 SNS 등개인미디어에대한국내규제사례.,. SNS.,,,..,.,,,,.,,,.,.,,, 67
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책. 5, 5 1,,... 5 2,.,,., ( 2011)..,,.,,.. 68
Ⅳ. 1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리보호를위한정책제언. 1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리보호를위한정책제언 SNS., SNS., SNS,. SNS. SNS. SNS.,,.,,,...? / / /., SNS 69
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책.,,. 2012 7 8....,,.,.,,.,.. 70
Ⅳ. 1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리보호를위한정책제언. 37 2,,.,.,,,,,,.,,.,,,,.,,,.,. 71
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책 2000, SNS..,,..,, SNS. 1 ( 44 7 ( )) 2 (ISP). ISP ( 44 2, 44 3). ISP. 3. 32).., 32) 2012 7 8. 72
Ⅳ. 1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리보호를위한정책제언.,,,...... 33), -,,,, 33) < > -. 73
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책 -,,.......,.. 34).,,,, 7.,, 34), (,, 13,, 2008. 12. 11). 74
Ⅳ. 1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리보호를위한정책제언.. 2002 53,,...,,,.. 2010 75
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책.. 2004, 19 21 17., 2008,.,. 2009 47 1,.,. 76
Ⅳ. 1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리보호를위한정책제언.,..,....,,.. 77
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책.,, ( 2008).,.. 12 3. 83 3, (, ),, ( 10 1 3 4, ),.,,,, ( ), 78
Ⅳ. 1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리보호를위한정책제언 ( 2011)...,... ( 13 )... 21 4. 79
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책...,.,. (chilling effect).,,.,,......, 80
Ⅳ. 1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리보호를위한정책제언,...,,., (, )...,,.,.. 81
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책 - - -.., 1995 53 2,.,,,. ISPs ( 2002 : 306-310).. 1996 (Communication Decency Act) 1998 (Child Online Protection Act), (American Civil Liberties Unit) (American Library Association).,. 2000. 1997 (Framework for Global Electronic Commerce)' 82
Ⅳ. 1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리보호를위한정책제언.,,.,, ( ),, ( 2011)..,,.... 10,. 83
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책, 17. 21,. 1 2( ) 1 2. 751 1,. ( ) 5 1 ( ).,,.... 84
Ⅳ. 1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리보호를위한정책제언,,, (gender),,, (hate speech).. 2010. 2011 4.. 2010.,. 35),,,,,... 35) < >. 85
1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리침해현황과대책,.. 2007 8 17 11, 12,.,. (GjS), (StGB) 184, (OWiG).... 2011 (UNESCO),. 86
Ⅳ. 1 인미디어와 SNS 에서의권리보호를위한정책제언 [ 표 5] 인터넷정책과규제의이슈와전략,,,,,,,,, ISP,,,, NGO,,,,,,,, * : UNESCO(2011) 87
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