Medical POSTGRADUATES Abstracts

Medical POSTGRADUATES Abstracts

Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 6, Vol.37, 2009 Morphologic Findings of Aplastic Anemia Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 2 319

320 Fig. 1. Fig. 2.

REFERENCES 1. Foucar K (2001) : Bone marrow pathology 2nd ed. ASCP press, American Society of Clinical Pathology, pp.113-115 2. Greer JP, Foerster J, Rodgers, G, George M et al. (2009) : Wintrobe s Clinical Hematology, 12th edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, pp. 1186-1193 3. (2009) : 4. : E Public, pp. 128-129 321

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Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 6, Vol.37, 2009 Stethoscope and Rene Laennec 326

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Fig. 1. Fig. 2. Fig. 3. Fig. 4. 330

REFERENCES 1. Sherwin B Nuland (1988) : Doctors: The Biography of Medicine. New York: Knopf 2. Logan Clendening (1960) : Source Book of Medical History. Dover Publications, Inc. 3. Caroline Hannaway and Ann La Berge (1998) : Constructing Paris Medicine, Amsterdam-Atlanta, GA 4. Ackerknecht, Erwin H (1982) : A short history of medicine, The Johns Hopkins University Press 5. Garrison, Fielding H (1929) : An introduction to the 6. history of medicine, Saunders (2003) :, 7. Stanley J Reiser (1978) : Medicine and The Reign of 8. Technology. Cambridge University Press (2005) :, 331

Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 6, Vol. 37, 2009 Introduction of Strabismus 333

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Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 6, Vol. 37, 2009 Esotropia Fig. 1 336

337 Fig. 2 Fig. 1. Fig. 2.

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Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 6, Vol. 37, 2009 Exotropia Fig. 1 Fig. 1. 343

Fig. 2 Fig. 2. 344

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REFERENCES 1. Wright KW, Spiegel PH (2003) : Pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus, 2nd edition. New York:Springer, pp.144-156 2. Chew E, Remaley NA, Tamboli A et al. (1994) : Risk factors for esotropia and exotropia. Arch Ophthalmol, 112 : 1349-1355 3. 38 348

4. Yu CB, Fan DS, Wong VW, Wong CY, Lam DS (2002) : 11. Pratt-Johnson J, Wee HS (1969) : Suppression Changing patterns of strabismus: a decade of experience associated with exotropia. Can J Ophthalmol, 4 : 136 in Hong Kong. Br J Ophthalmol, 86 : 854-856 12. Wright KW, Spiegel PH (2003) : Exotropia. In Pediatric 5. Nusz KJ, Mohney BG, Diehl NN (2005) : Female Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 2nd ed. New York predominance in intermittent exotropia. Am J Springer, chap. 14 O p h t h a l m o l, 140 : 546-547 13. Burian HM, Franceschetti AT (1970) : Evaluation of 6. Bielschowsky A (1934) : Divergence excess. A r c h diagnostic methods for the classification of O p h t h a l m o l, 12 : 157 exodeviations. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc, 68 : 56 7. Matsuo T, Hayashi M, Fujiwara H et al. (2002) : 14. Burian HM, Spivey BE (1965) : The surgical Concordance of strabismic phenotypes in monozygotic management of exodeviations. Am J Ophthalmol, 59 : versus multizygotic twins and other multiple births. J p n 603 J Ophthalmol, 46 : 59-64 15. Kushner BJ (1988) : Exotropic deviations a functional 8. classification and approach to treatment. Am Orthopt J, 48 38 : 81-93 9. Wiggins RE, von Noorden GK (1990) : Monocular eye 16. von Nooden GK (2002) : Binocular vision and ocular closure in sunlight. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus, motility, 6th ed. St.Louis:Mosby, pp. 367-368 27 : 16 17. Kushner BJ (1998) : Selective surgery for intermittent 10. Nawratzi I, Jampolsky A (1958) : A regional hemiretinal exotropia based on distance/near differences. A r c h difference in amblyopia. Am J Ophthalmol, 46 : 339 O p h t h a l m o l, 116 : 324 349

Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 6, Vol.37, 2009 Vertical Strabismus Table 1 Table 1. 350

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352 Table 2 Table 2.

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Table 3. REFERENCES 1. Noorden GK von, Tredici TD, Ruttum M (1986) : Superior oblique paralysis. A review of 270 Cases. A r c h O p h t h a l m o l, 104 : 1771-1776 2. Benatar M (2006) : A systemic review of diagnostic studies in myasthenia gravis. Neuromuscul Disord, 16 : 459-467 3. Yanovitch T and Buckley E (2007) : Diagnosis and management of third nerve palsy. Curr Opin 354

O p h t h a l m o l, 18 : 373-378 4. Evoli A, Tonali PA, Padua L et al. (2003) : Clinical correlates with anti-musk antibodies in generalized seronegative myasthenia gravis. B r a i n, 126 : 2304-2311 5. Benatar M and Kaminski HJ (2007) : Evidence report: The medical treatment of ocular myasthenia (an evidence-based review). N e u r o l o g y, 68 : 2144-2149 6. Garrity JA and Bahn RS (2006) : Pathogenesis of Graves Ophthalmopathy: Implications for Prediction, Prevention and Treatment. Am J Ophthalmol, 142 : 147-153 7. Bartley GB, Ratourechi V, Kadrmas EF et al. (1996) : Clinical features of Graves ophthalmopathy in an incidence cohort. Am J Ophthalmol, 121 : 284-290 8. Maruno T, Jubota N, Sakaue T et al. (2001) : Outcome of surgery for congenital fibrosis of the inferior rectus muscle. Binocul Vis Strabismus Q, 16 : 105-110 9. Brodsky MC, Donahue SP, Vaphiades M, Brandt T (2006) : Skew deviation revisited. Surv Ophthalmol, 51 : 105-128 10. Westheimer G, Blair SM (1975) : The ocular tilt reaction-a brainstem oculomotor routine. I n v e s t O p h t h a l m o l, 14 : 833-839 11. Spector RH (1993) : Vertical diplopia. S u r v O p h t h a l m o l, 38 : 31-62 12. Acierno MD (2000) : Vertical diplopia. S e m i n O p h t h a l m o l, 20 : 21-30 355

Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 6, Vol. 37, 2009 Paralytic Strabismus 356

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358 Fig. 1 Fig. 1.

Fig. 2 Fig. 2. 359

360 Fig. 3 Fig. 3.

REFERENCES 1. 2. 3. (2008) :. 2., pp. 276-304,, (1991) : 3, 4, 6 Horner s syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol, 107 : 73-76., 32 : 283-288, (1997) : 3, 4, 6 oblique paralysis. A review of 270 cases. A r c h., 38 : 1432-1436 4. Richards BW, Jones FR, Younge BR (1992) : Caused and prognosis in 4,278 cases of paralysis of the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens cranial nerves. A m J Ophthalmol, 113 : 489-496 5. Berlit P (1991) : Isolated and combined paresis of cranial nerves III, IV and VI. A retrospective study of 412 patients. J Neurol Sci, 28 : 10-15 6. Trobe JD (1985) : Isolated pupil-sparing third nerve palsy. O p h t h a l m o l o g y, 92 : 58-61 7. Guy J, Day AL, Mickle JP, Schatz NJ et al. (1989) : Contralateral trochlear nerve paresis and ipsilateral 8. von Noorden GK, Murray E, Wong SY (1986) : Superior O p h t h a l m ol, 104 : 1771-1776 9. Wilson ME, Hoxie J (1995) : Facial asymmetry in superior oblique muscle palsy. J Pediatr Ophthalmol and Strabismus, 30 : 158-161 10. King AJ, Stacey E, Stephenson G, Trimble RB et al. (1995) : Spontaneous recovery rates for unilateral sixth nerve palsies. E y e, 9 : 476-478 11. Holmes JM, Droste PJ, Beck RW (1998) : The natural history of acute traumatic sixth nerve palsy or paresis. J Am Asso Pediart Ophthalmol Strabismus, 2 : 265-268 361

Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 6, Vol. 37, 2009 Special Forms of Strabismus Fig. 1 362

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Fig. 3, 4 Fig. 3. 366

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Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 6, Vol.37, 2009 Special Forms of Strabismus Fig. 1 Fig. 1. 368

Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 3. Fig. 2. 369

Fig. 4 Fig. 4 Fig. 4. 370

Fig. 5 Fig. 5 Fig. 5. 371

Fig. 6 Fig. 6. Fig. 7 372

Fig. 7. Fig. 8 Fig. 8. 373

Fig. 9. Fig. 9 REFERENCES 1. Christensen PB, Jensen TS, Tsiropoulos I et al. (1995) : Associated autoimmune diseases in myasthenia gravis. A population-based study. Acta Neurol Scand, 91 : 192-195 2. Kim JH, Hwang JM, Hwang YS et al. (2003) : Childhood ocular myasthenia gravis. O p h t h a l m o l o g y, 110 : 1458-1462 3. Grob D, Arsura EL, Brunner NG et al. (1987) : The course of myasthenia gravis and therapies affecting outcome. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 505 : 472-499 4. Kim JS, Hwang JM (2006) : Topical diclofenac for the treatment of eyeache in Miller-Fisher syndrome. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 244 : 1060-1061 5. Holt IJ, Harding AE, Cooper JM et al. (1989) : Mitochondrial myopathies: clinical and biochemical features of 30 patients with major deletions of muscle mitochondrial DNA. Ann Neurol, 26 : 699-708 374

6. Hwang JM, Choung HK, Ko HS et al. (2009) : Ophthalmoplegia diagnosis. O p h t h a l m o l o g y, 116 : 813-814, e1-2. 7. Bartley GB, Fatourechi V, Kadrmas EF et al. (1996) : Clinical features of Gravesophthalmopathy in an incidence cohort. Am J Ophthalmol, 121 : 284-290 8. Kim JH, Hwang JM (2005) : Hypoplastic oculomotor nerve and absent abducens nerve in congenital fibrosis syndrome and synergistic divergence with magnetic resonance imaging. O p h t h a l m o l o g y, 112 : 728-732 375

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REFERENCES 1. Na JI, Suh DH (2007) : Red light phototherapy alone is effective for acne vulgaris: randomized, single-blinded clinical trial. Dermatol Surg, 33 : 1228-1233 2. Suh DH, Shin JW, Min SU et al. (2008) : Treatmentseeking behaviors and related epidemiological features in Korean acne patients. J Korean Med Sci, 23 : 969-974 Jung JY, Choi YS, Suh DH et al. (2009) : Comparison of a 3. pulsed dye laser and a combined 585/1,064-nm laser in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Dermatol Surg, 35 : 1181-1187 4. Kim BJ, Lee HG, Suh DH et al. (2009) : Pilot study on photodynamic therapy for acne using indocyanine green and diode laser. J Dermatol, 36 : 17-21 5. Thiboutot D, Gollnick H, Bettoli V, Dreno B, Kang S, Leyden JJ et al. (2009) : New insights into the management of acne: an update from the Global Alliance to Improve Outcomes in Acne group. J Am Acad Dermatol, 60 : S1-50 382

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Medical POSTGRADUATES No. 6, Vol.37, 2009 Abstracts Defibrillator Implantation Early after Myocardial Infarction Gerhard Steinbeck et al. N Eng J Med, 361 : 1427-1436, 2009 Reducing Psychosocial Stress : A Novel Mechanism of Improving Survival from Exercise Training Richard V Milani and Carl J Lavie Ame J Med, 122 : 931-938, 2009 386

Variation in Hospital Mortality Associated with Inpatient Surgery Amir A Ghaferi et al. N Eng J Med, 361 : 1368-1375, 2009 Do NSAIDs Affect Longitudinal Changes in Knee Cartilage Volume and Knee Cartilage Defects in Older Adults? Comparative Efficacy of Inactivated and Live Attenuated Influenza V a c c i n e s Arnold S Monto et al. N Eng J Med, 361 : 1260-1267, 2009 Changhai Ding et al. Ame J Med, 122 : 836-842, 2009 387

Nortriptyline and Gabapentin, Alone and in Combination for Neuropathic Pain : a Double-Blind, Randomised Controlled Crossover Trial Surgery versus Non-surgical Therapy for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome : a Randomised Parallel-Group Trial Ian Gilron et al. Lancet, 374 : 1252-1261, 2009 Jeffrey G Jarvik et al. Lancet, 374 : 1074-1081, 2009 388

Associated of Resident Fatigue and Distress with Perceived Medical E r r o r s Colin P West et al. JAMA, 302 : 1294-1300, 2009 389

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