한수지 51(6), 704-713, 2018 Original Article Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 51(6),704-713,2018 2011-2017 년국내연안고래류의혼획특성 이슬희 최슬기 김지혜 김현우 * 손호선 국립수산과학원고래연구센터 Characteristics of the Cetacean Bycatch in Korean Coastal Waters from 2011 to 2017 Seulhee Lee, Seulgi Choi, Ji Hye Kim, Hyun Woo Kim* and Hawsun Sohn Cetacean Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Ulsan 44780, Korea Globally, the survival of many marine mammals is threatened by entanglement in fishing gear and there is also a high bycatch in Korea. This study analyzed the bycatch data of most cetacean species for Korean waters from 2011 to 2017, including the narrow-ridged finless porpoise Neophocaena asiaeorientalis, common dolphin Delphinus delphis, common minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata, and Pacific white-sided dolphin Lagenorhynchus obliquidens. A total of 12,262 cetaceans were captured as bycatch. In the Yellow and South Seas, the main species affected was the narrow-ridged finless porpoise, with 82.9% caught in stow nets and 11.5% captured in trawls. In the East Sea, the common minke whale, common dolphin, and Pacific white-sided dolphin were reported. The main common minke whale bycatch (43.5%) was in set nets, while common dolphins (49.0%) and Pacific white-sided dolphins (91.4%) were mainly caught in gill nets. The narrow-ridged finless porpoise, common dolphin, and common minke whale were most commonly reported in March, April, and May, while the Pacific white-sided dolphin was most frequently captured as bycatch in January and December. Each of these factors (season and gear responsible for bycatch) depended on the characteristics of the cetacean species. To conserve cetaceans, it is necessary to reduce the bycatch Key words: Bycatch, Narrow-ridged finless porpoise, Common dolphin, Common minke whale, Pacific white-sided dolphin 서론, (Read et al., 2006). (Crowder and Murawski, 1998; Norman, 2000; Jackson et al., 2001; Myers and Worm, 2003; Read et al., 2006) (Reeves et al., 2003). (IWC, International whaling commission) 1986., 1990 1996. 2006,, 10. 2011,,,. *Corresponding author: Tel: +82. 52. 270. 0930 Fax: +82. 52. 270. 0913 E-mail address: hyunwoo.kim@korea.kr This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licens (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. https://doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2018.0704 Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 51(6), 704-713, December 2018 Received 8 November 2018; Revised 24 November 2018; Accepted 2 December 2018 저자직위 : 이슬희 ( 연구원 ), 최슬기 ( 연구원 ), 김지혜 ( 연구원 ), 김현우 ( 해양수산연구사 ), 손호선 ( 해양수산연구관 ) Copyright 2018 The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 704 pissn:0374-8111, eissn:2287-8815
국내연안고래류의혼획특성 705, (An et al., 2004; Kim et al., 2004; Sohn et al., 2012). Kim et al. (2013) 2011 2012.. Kim et al. (2013), 2013.. 재료및방법 2011 2017.,..,,,,,,,,. 1) 2) Table 1. Number and species of bycaught cetacean in Korean waters from 2011 to 2017 Suborder Scientific name Common name Korean name 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Total (%) Mysticeti Odontoceti Balaenoptera physalus Fin whale 참고래 1 1 2 0.02 Megaptera novaeangliae Humpback whale 혹등고래 1 1 2 0.02 Balaenoptera brydei Bryde s whale 브라이드고래 1 1 2 0.02 Balaenoptera acutorostrata Common minke whale 밍크고래 86 74 51 50 87 94 69 511 4.17 Orcinus orca Killer whale 범고래 1 1 1 3 0.02 Tursiops truncatus Tursiops aduncus Pseudorca crassidens Common bottlenose dolphin Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin False killer whale 큰돌고래 4 9 2 13 28 0.23 남방큰돌고래 1 3 4 0.03 흑범고래 3 8 11 0.09 Grampus griseus Risso s dolphin 큰머리돌고래 1 1 2 2 1 1 8 0.07 Globicephala macrorhynchus Short-finned pilot whale Delphinus delphis Lagenorhynchus obliquidens Common dolphin Pacific white-sided dolphin 들쇠고래 1 1 2 0.11 참돌고래 266 329 357 496 428 391 652 2,919 23.81 낫돌고래 22 28 17 27 32 111 140 377 3.07 Neophocaena asiaeorientalis Narrow-ridged 상괭이 714 2,207 1,435 1,144 1,633 694 464 8,291 67.62 finless porpoise Phocoena phocoena Harbour porpoise 쇠돌고래 26 10 15 8 23 4 86 0.70 Phocoenoides dalli Dall s porpoise 까치돌고래 1 1 1 3 0.02 Unidentified sp. Unidentified 미분류고래류 11 2 13 0.11 Total 1,129 2,654 1,880 1,735 2,215 1,300 1,349 12,262 100
706 이슬희ㆍ최슬기ㆍ김지혜ㆍ김현우ㆍ손호선 Fig. 1. Monthly variation in number of the bycatch cetacean by species in the Korean waters from 2011 to 2017. (a) Narrow-ridged finless porpoise Neophocaena asiaeorientalis, (b) Common dolphin Delphinus delphis, (C) Common minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata, (d) Pacific white-sided dolphin Lagenorhynchus obliquidens... (NFRDI, 2007). Google Earth Pro (Ver.7.3.2; Google, USA). ( ). ( ), ( ) ( ), ( ). 결과 혼획된고래류의종구성 2011 2017 15 12,262. (Fin whale Balaenoptera physalus), (Humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae), (Bryde s whale Balaenoptera brydei) (Common minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata) 4 517, (Killer whale Orcinus orca) 11 11,732, 13 (Table 1). (Narrow-ridged finless porpoise Neophocaena asiaeorientalis) 8,291 67.6%. (Common dolphin Delphinus delphis) 2,919 23.8%, 551 4.2%, (Pacific white-sided dolphin Lagenorhynchus obliquidens) 377 3.1%. 3%,,,, 4,,. 연 월별혼획현황,,,, 4 Table 1. 2011 714 2012 2,207. 2013 2014, 2015 2012 1,435, 1,144,
국내연안고래류의혼획특성 707 1,633. 2016 694, 2017 464., 5 2,947, 6 1,626. 5 8 95.1.,, (Fig. 1a). 2011 266, 2012 2013 329, 357. 2014 496 2015 2016 428 391, 2017 652., 1 2 3 4 515. 5 329 4, 6 70 (Fig. 1b).,. 2014 50, 2012 2013 2014. 2016 94, 2011 86. 4 70, 5 6 63, 52. 7 10 11 12 38, 70 (Fig. 1c). 2011 2015 17-32, 2016 111, 2017 140. 1 78, 2 7. 8-10, 11 2 12 198., (Fig. 1d). 해역별혼획,,, Table 2. 7,105. 7,034, 99.0%, 0.8%, 0.2%. 1,233. 91.9%, 5.7%, 1.8%, 0.6%. 3,919 74.3%. 9.7% 9.6%. 3.3% 3.0%.,,,,,, (Fig. 2a). (Fig. 2b)., (Fig. 2c).,, (Fig. 2d). 어구별혼획현황,,,,. 6,776 6,736. 2,246 1,409. 1,350 962 1,080, 932. 531 374 (Table 3). 4 (Fig. 3), Table 2. Bycaught number by species in each sea area Common name Yellow Sea South Sea East Sea Unknown Narrow-ridged finless porpoise 7,034 1,133 119 5 Common dolphin 0 8 2,911 - Common minke whale 60 70 381 - Pacific white-sided dolphin 0 0 377 - Others 11 22 131 - Total 7,105 1,233 3,919 5
708 이슬희ㆍ최슬기ㆍ김지혜ㆍ김현우ㆍ손호선 Fig. 2. Locations of bycaught animals by species from 2011 to 2017. (a) Narrow-ridged finless porpoise Neophocaena asiaeorientalis, (b) Common dolphin Delphinus delphis, (C) Common minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata, (d) Pacific white-sided dolphin Lagenorhynchus obliquidens. 82.9%. 5.0% 11.5%, 0.5% (Fig. 3a). 49.0%, 37.5%, 13.0%, 0.5% (Fig. 3b). 43.5%, 26.9%, 19.2%, 8.1%, 2.2% (Fig. 3c). 91.4%, 4.8%, 2.7%, 1.1% (Fig. 3d). 고찰 4 517, 11 11,732, 13. Sohn et al. (2012) 2000-2010 11 Table 3. Number of bycaught cetacean species by fishing gear from 2011 to 2017 Common name Stow net Set net Gill net Pots Trawl Narrow-ridged finless porpoise 6,736 37 402 14 932 Common dolphin 0 1,080 1,409 374 15 Common minke whale 40 215 95 133 11 Pacific white-sided dolphin 0 18 340 10 4 Total 6,776 1,350 2,246 531 962
국내연안고래류의혼획특성 709 Fig. 3. Proportion of bycatch fishing gears by species from 2011 to 2017. (a) Narrow-ridged finless porpoise Neophocaena asiaeorientalis, (b) Common dolphin Delphinus delphis, (C) Common minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata, (d) Pacific white-sided dolphin Lagenorhynchus obliquidens.. (Cunha et al., 2015) 2000 10, 9. Kim et al. (2013) 2011-2012 12.. 5 Kim et el. (2013),,,. (Zhang et al., 2004; Choi et al., 2010) (Fig. 2a). 3.0% (Table 2), 70 m (Reeves et al., 1997; Zhang et al., 2004)..., (NFRDI, 2008). 80 m (Zhang et al., 2004). 4-6 7-9 (Fig. 1). 4-6 (Kim and Lee, 1996; Song et al., 2008). Park et al. (2002; 2011), 4-6. 45 3 2,,,, 2, 7-8.. Park et al. (2015) 2004/2005-2011 70%
710 이슬희ㆍ최슬기ㆍ김지혜ㆍ김현우ㆍ손호선. 2016,. 11.5% 11-12. 7 12 (Park and Lee, 1991). Fertl and Leatherwood (1997), Couperus (1997)... 2011 2012 (Table 1), 2011 1 3. 2011 2012. 2016 2016 9 28.. (Fig. 3b). (NFRDI, 2008),,. 100 m (Pusineri et al., 2007; Perrin, 2009)... (NFRDI, 2008). (Clua et al., 2001),. Yoo and Park (2009) Joo et al. (2014) 3,4,5 9,10., (Jefferson et al., 2015). 3-5. (Fig. 2c), 1,100, 1,600 (Sohn et al., 2001; Park et al., 2009). 9.7% 0.8% (Table 2). Kim et al. (2004) 100 m,.. (Fig. 3c) 50 m (Jefferson et al., 2015). 3,4,5, Wada (1989) Miyashita (1997) 4. Song et al. (2010).. 12 7-8 (Fig. 1). Kim et al. (2004),. (Jefferson et al., 2015). (Sohn et al., 2012). (Fig. 2d) (Fig. 3d). (Yoon et al., 2014),.
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