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Original Article 대한침구의학회지제 32 권제 2 호 (2015 년 6 월 ) : 35-57 The Acupuncture Vol. 32 No. 2 June 2015 : 35-57 pissn 1229-1137 eissn 2287-7797 http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2015018 脫髮의病因病機및鍼灸治療에관한문헌고찰 이상현, 조명래 * 동신대학교한의과대학침구의학교실 [Abstract] A Philological Study on the Pathology, Acupuncture and Moxibustion of Alopecia Sang Hyun Lee and Myoung Rae Cho * Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongshin University Key words : Alopecia; Pathology; Acupuncture; Moxibustion; Acupoint Objectives : The purpose of this study is to analyze literature on oriental medicine to investigate the pathology, acupuncture, and moxibustion therapy applicable to alopecia Methods : We searched for the causes of alopecia in the bibliographic data from 41 sources of literature and the acupunctural treatments for alopecia in the bibliographic data from 49 sources of Chinese and Korean literature and from the journals of the acupunctural treatments for alopecia which have been published since 2000. Results : 1. The main causes of alopecia are blood deficiency, blood heat, static blood, depletion of kidney s water, wind excess, seven emotional damage, dietary damage, etc. 2. The acupuncture points frequently used are GV 20, GB 20, ST 36, SP 6, SP 10, BL 17, BL 18, BL 23, GV 23, GV 14, CV 6, ST 8, KI 3, LR 3, HT 7, LI 11, EX-HN 1, and ouch point. 3. New acupuncture therapies, including herbal acupuncture therapy, ear acupuncture therapy, dermal needle therapy, needle-embedding therapy and scalp acupuncture therapy are frequently used to treat alopecia. Conclusions : The acupuncture points frequently used for treating alopecia have characteristics such as tonifying blood, tonifying the liver and kidney, extinguishing wind, activating blood, clearing heat and draining dampness, so they are highly associated with the causes and the mechanisms of alopecia. Received : 2015. 04. 24. Revised : 2015. 05. 21. Accepted : 2015. 05. 22. On-line : 2015. 06. 20. Corresponding author : Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion Medicine, Dongshin Korean Medicine Hospital, 351, Omok-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 158-806, Republic of Korea Tel : +82-2-2640-2714 E-mail : mrcho63@hanmail.net This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Acupuncture is the Journal of Korean Acupuncture & Moxibustion Medicine Society. (http://www.theacupuncture.org) Copyright 2014 KAMMS. Korean Acupuncture & Moxibustion Medicine Society. All rights reserved. http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2015018 35

The Acupuncture Vol. 32 No. 2 June 2015 Ⅰ. 서론 脫髮은정상적으로모발이존재해야할부위에모발이탈락되는상태로서 1) 반흔성과비반흔성으로구분하는데, 반흔성脫髮은모낭이파괴되므로모발의재생이되지않는반면, 비반흔성脫髮은모낭이유지되므로병변의소실후에모발이다시날수있다 2). 한의학에서는脫髮과관련하여 黃帝內經ㆍ素問 3) 의 < 上古天眞論 > 에서 髮墮, 그리고 < 五藏生成篇 > 에서 髮落 등으로수록된이래로, 諸病源候論 4) 의 鬚鬢禿落, 鬼舐頭, 白禿, 赤禿, 外科正宗 5) 의 油風, 醫宗金鑑 6) 의 鬼剃頭 등으로언급되었다. 脫髮의원인에관하여 黃帝內經ㆍ素問 3) 의 < 上古天眞論 > 에서 五八, 腎氣衰, 髮墮齒槁 라하여생리적노화의일환으로脫髮을설명하였고, 諸病源候論 4) 에서는 若血氣衰弱, 經脈虛竭, 不能榮潤, 故鬚鬢禿落 이라하였으며, 그외에도여러醫家들이다양한病因을제시하며그에따른病機를언급하였다. 脫髮의鍼灸治療를살펴보면 神應經 7) 에서 下廉, 醫宗金鑑 6) 에서는患處에출혈시키는刺絡療法등이제시된이래로현대에들어와서각종서적및논문들에서脫髮의鍼灸治療에대해언급하고있다. 국내한의학학술지에발표된脫髮에대한논문의연구현황을살펴보면 1986 년부터 2011 년까지발표된논문은약 95 편으로, 문헌연구가 16 편, 임상연구가 36 편, 동물및기타실험연구가 43 편으로나타났다 8). 이들대부분은한약치료나외용제에관한부분으로아직鍼灸治療와관련해서는연구가미흡한실정이다. 이에저자는脫髮에대한각醫家들의病因病機에대한인식과鍼灸治療를정리하여辨證施治에따른체계적인鍼灸治療에도움이되고자한의학고전문헌과현대문헌, 그리고국내임상연구와실험연구를조사하고정리하여脫髮의한의학적病因病機와鍼灸治療방법의연관성에대해약간의지견을얻었기에이를보고하는바이다. Ⅱ. 방법 1 黃帝內經 을비롯한 41 종의문헌자료에서脫髮의病因病機에관한내용을발췌하여시대별로정리하였다. 2 단행본으로출간된서적중에서脫髮의鍼灸治療에대해언급된 49 종의중국및국내문헌을조사하고, 관 련내용을정리하였다. 병증별로정리되어있는鍼灸學관련서적중에서脫髮과관련한내용이서술된문헌을대상으로하였다. 3 2000 년대이후국내한의학학술지에발표된학술논문중에서脫髮치료를위해鍼灸治療가시행된임상증례논문이나脫髮을주제로연구한실험논문가운데鍼灸治療와관련있는논문을 탈모, 탈발, 발모 등을검색어로하여한국전통지식포탈 (www.korean tk.com), 한국교육학술정보원 (www.riss4u.net), DBpia (www.dbpia.co.kr), 오아시스 (oasis.kiom.re.kr) 등에서검색하였다. 4 이상의자료를토대로脫髮의病因病機및鍼灸治療의경향성과그의의를조사하였다. Ⅲ. 결과 1. 病因病機 1) 秦漢時代 (1) 黃帝內經ㆍ素問 上古天真論 3) 五八, 腎氣衰, 髮墮齒槁. 六八, 陽氣衰竭於上, 面焦, 髮鬢頒白 八八, 則齒髮去. 腎者主水, 受五藏六府之精而藏之. 五藏生成篇 3) 多食苦則皮槁而毛拔 多食甘則骨痛而髮落. 痿論 3) 故肺熱葉焦, 則皮毛虛弱急薄, 著則生痿躄也. 本病論 9) 民病寒熱鼽嚏皮毛折爪甲枯焦甚則喘嗽息高悲傷不樂. (2) 黃帝內經ㆍ靈樞 10) 經脈篇 手太陰氣絕則皮毛焦, 太陰者行氣溫於皮毛者也, 故氣不榮則皮毛焦, 皮毛焦則津液去皮節, 津液去皮節者則爪枯毛折, 毛折者則毛先死, 丙篤丁死, 火勝金也. 11) (3) 難經 十四難 損脈之爲病. 奈何. 然. 一損損於皮毛. 皮聚而毛落. 36 http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2014048

脫髮의病因病機및鍼灸治療에관한문헌고찰 2) 魏ㆍ晉ㆍ隋ㆍ唐時代 4) 諸病源候論 鬚鬢禿落候 若血盛則榮於鬚髮, 故鬚髮美. 若血氣衰弱, 經脈虛竭, 不能榮潤, 故鬚鬢禿落. ( 養生方 ) 云 熱食汗出, 勿傷風, 令髮墮落. 火燒處髮不生候 夫髮之生, 血氣所潤養也. 火燒之處, 瘡痕致密, 則氣血下沉, 不能榮宣腠理, 故髮不生候. 白禿候 凡人皆有九蟲在腹內, 値血氣虛則能侵食. 而蟯蟲發動, 最能生瘡, 乃成疽 癬 瘑 疥之屬, 無所不爲. 言白禿者, 皆由此蟲所作, 謂在頭生瘡有蟲, 白痂甚癢, 其上發幷禿落不生, 故謂之白禿. 赤禿候 此由頭瘡, 蟲食髮禿落, 無白痂, 有汁, 皮赤而癢, 故謂之赤禿. 鬼舐頭候 有人風邪在於頭, 有偏虛處, 則髮禿落, 肌肉枯死. 或如錢大, 或如指大, 髮不生, 亦不癢, 故謂之鬼舐頭. 3) 宋ㆍ金ㆍ元時代 (1) 聖濟總錄 12) 榮養髭髮 論曰腎主骨髓, 腦爲髓海, 髮者腦之華髓之所養也, 衝脈爲經絡之海, 其浮而外者, 循腹而榮養髭髮, 固牙齒, 補益血氣. 治腦虛髭髮枯悴, 目暗. 白禿 論曰蟯之爲害因血氣虛乘風而上則能生瘡疽癬疥無不爲也瘡痂不去而癢鬢髮禿落無複生榮是爲白禿. 治鬚髮禿落諸方 夫足少陽膽之經也其榮在鬚足少陰腎之經也其華在髮沖任之脈爲十二經之海. 謂潤治血氣虛憊鬚髮禿落不生縱生色黃不黑. (3) 儒門事親 14) 目疾頭風出血最急說八 至如年少髮早白落或白屑者此血熱而太過也. 世俗止知 髮者血之余也, 血衰故耳. 豈知血熱而極, 髮反不茂肝者木也. 火多水少木反不榮. 火至於頂炎上之甚也. 大熱病汗後勞病之後皆髮多脫落豈有寒耶. 白禿瘡九十六 夫小兒白禿瘡者俗呼爲雞糞禿者是也. 可用甜瓜蔓龍頭不以多少河水浸之一宿以砂鍋熬取極苦汁濾去瓜蔓以文武慢火熬成如稀糖狀盛於瓷器中. 可先剃頭去盡瘡痂死血出盡著河水洗凈. 4) 明代 (1) 六科準繩 ( 證治準繩 - 雜病篇 ) 15) 髭髮 脈弦氣弱, 皮毛枯槁, 髮脫落, 黃建中湯主之. 髮脫落及臍下痛, 四君子湯加熟地黃. (2) 壽世保元 16) 鬚髮 一儒者. 因飲食勞役及惱怒. 鬚髮脫落. 餘以爲勞傷精血. 陰火上炎所致. 禿瘡 白禿之候. 頭上白點斑剝. 初似癬而上有白皮屑. 久則生痂成瘡. 遂至遍頭. 洗刮除其痂頭成瘡孔如箸頭大. 里有膿汁出. 不痛而有微癢時. 其內有蟲. 甚細微難見. 九蟲論亦云是蟯蟲動作而成此瘡. 乃自幼小及長大不瘥. 頭髮禿落. 故謂之白禿也. 宜以後方治之. 赤禿 論曰諸陽脈皆在於頭, 風熱乘之, 則陽邪熾盛, 髮於頭皮腦絡之間, 細瘡遍密, 赤色有汁, 癢痛浸淫, 乃至髮落, 故名赤禿. 13) (2) 太平聖惠方 治頭瘡白禿諸方 凡人皆有九蟲在腹內值血氣虛則能侵蝕而蟯蟲發動最能生瘡乃成疽癬疥之屬. (3) 外科正宗 5) 油風第八十三 油風乃血虛不能隨氣榮養肌膚, 故毛髮根空, 脫落成片, 皮膚光亮, 癢如蟲行, 此皆風熱乘虛攻注而然. 白禿瘡第一百四 白禿瘡因剃髮腠理司開, 外風襲入, 結聚不散, 致氣血不潮, 皮肉幹枯, 髮爲白禿. 久則髮落, 根無榮養. 如禿斑光潤不癢, 內血已潮, 以薑蘸潤 http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2015018 37

The Acupuncture Vol. 32 No. 2 June 2015 肌膏常擦, 其髮漸生. 禿斑幹枯作癢者, 內必有蟲, 宜用麥餞散搽之, 蟲死 風散 髮生可愈. 後忌動風 髮物等件. 17) (4) 醫學入門 臟腑爪分 心 內主血而外應舌盛則榮髮華面 ; 髮者血之苗血盛則髮潤 [ 養老附鬚髮 ] 鬚 屬少陽 髮 腎水, 精不上升白似灰. 膽榮在鬚, 腎華在髮, 精氣上升, 則鬚潤而黑. 六八以後, 精華. 不能上升, 秋冬令行, 金削肺枯, 以致鬚髮焦槁, 如灰白色. 養生者, 宜預服補精血藥以防之, 染掠. 亦非上策. 鬚髮脫落非因老, 內風血燥亦奇哉. 年老髮落鬚長, 常也. 少壯有髮落, 或鬚亦落者, 腎枯火炎, 肺痿內風妄動故也, 頭瘡 風屑 禿 軟癤 總是濕熱證稍輕 禿瘡初起白團斑剝如癬上有白皮久則城痂遂至滿頭生瘡中有膿孔細蟲入裏不痛微痒經久不瘥. (5) 醫學綱目 18) 髮落不生 脈弦氣弱, 皮毛枯槁, 髮脫落... 髮脫落及臍下痛. (6) 萬病回春 19) 鬚髮 一儒者, 因飲食勞役及惱怒, 眉髮脫落. 餘以爲勞傷精血, 陰火上炎所致. (7) 古今醫統大全 20) 病機敘論 腎之合骨也, 其榮髮也. 多食甘, 則骨痛而髮落.( 注云 甘益脾, 勝于腎, 腎不勝, 故骨痛而髮脫落.) 21) (8) 普濟方 白禿 ( 附論 ) 夫蟯之爲害. 因血氣虛乘風而上. 則能生瘡. 疽 癬 瘑 疥無不爲也. 瘡痂不去而癢. 鬢髮禿落. 無復生榮. 是爲白禿. 5) 淸代 (1) 醫學心悟 22) 白禿瘡 ( 髮落不生 ) 白禿瘡, 此火旺血虛而生蟲也. 麥餞散主之. 髮落不生, 骨碎補爲末, 麻油調塗之. (2) 醫林改錯 23) 頭髮脫落 傷寒 瘟病後頭髮脫落, 名醫書皆言傷血, 不知皮裏肉外血瘀, 阻塞血路, 新血不能養髮, 故髮脫落. 無病脫髮, 亦是血瘀. 用藥三副, 髮不脫, 十副必長新髮. 6) (3) 醫宗金鑑 油風 ( 方歌 ) 油風毛髮乾焦脫, 皮紅光膏癢難堪, 毛孔風襲致傷血, 養真海艾砭血痊. ( 注 ) 此證毛髮乾焦, 成片脫落, 皮紅光亮, 瘡如蟲行, 俗名鬼剃頭. 由毛孔開張, 邪風乘虛襲入, 以致風盛燥血, 不能榮養毛髮. 禿瘡 ( 方歌 ) 禿瘡風熱化生蟲, 騷癢難堪卻不疼, 白痂如錢生發內, 宜服通聖擦膏靈. ( 注 ) 此證頭生白痂, 小者如豆, 大者如錢, 俗名錢癬, 又名肥瘡, 多生小兒頭上, 騷癢難堪, 卻不疼痛. 日久延漫成片, 發焦脫落, 即成禿瘡, 又名癩頭瘡, 由胃經積熱生風而成. 24) (4) 張氏醫通 髭髮 經雲腎者封藏之本精之處也, 其華在髮. 多食甘則骨痛而髮落. 髭鬚黃者多熱多氣. 白者少血多氣. 黑色者多血少氣. 美眉者太陽多血. 通髯極鬚者少陰多血. 美鬚者陽明多血. 髮白鬚黃髮落不生脈弦皮毛枯槁是營衛氣衰. 髮脫落及臍下痛是脾腎氣衰不能生長真陰. 25) (5) 外科大成 頭部 油風則毛發成片脫落皮膚光亮癢如蟲行者是也由風熱乘虛攻注血不能榮養所致. 禿瘡生白痂成個而不相連. 若瘡則生黃痂成片有膿為異耳. 夫頭為諸陽之首. 而瘡亦屬火. 乃二陽相灼所致. 其治法必當解陳之積熱. 導心經之煩躁. (6) 瘍醫大全 26) 頭髮門主論 馮魯瞻曰 髮乃血之余. 焦枯者, 血不足也. 忽然脫落, 頭皮多癢, 鬚眉落并落者, 乃血熱生風, 風木搖動之象也. 病后瘡后產后髮者, 精血耗損, 無以榮養所致也. 當滋補精 38 http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2014048

脫髮의病因病機및鍼灸治療에관한문헌고찰 血為主. ( 醫鑒 ) 云 過服辛熱藥而眉髮脫落者, 乃肝血受傷而火動, 非風也. 宜四物湯 六味地黃丸, 以滋肝血, 生腎水. 經曰 髮乃血苗. ( 心相編 ) 云 瘦人髮黃主多貪奸殺. 男女髮深必好色. 拳髮好色犯刑. 髮黃者下流. 27) (7) 續名醫類案 眉髮鬚 ( 千金 ) 薛立齋治一男子, 因大怒發熱, 眉髮頓落. 蓋髮屬腎而眉屬肝, 此肝腎素虛, 爲怒所激, 陰火愈盛, 銷鑠精血而然也. 一男子染時瘡, 服換肌散之類, 眉毛頓落, 遍身作癢, 或時赤暈, 乃燥藥損肌陰血, 陽氣偏旺而然. 一男子素不慎房勞, 其髮忽落, 或發熱惡寒, 或吐痰頭暈, 或口乾作渴, 或小便如淋, 兩足發熱, 或冷至脛, 屬足三陰虧損而陰火內熾. 一男子遍身瘙癢, 服祛風辛燥之劑, 眉髮脫落, 此前藥復傷肝腎, 精血虛而火內熾所致. 一儒者遍身作癢, 破膿血淋漓, 眉毛脫落, 如癘風癥. 久服祛風等藥, 致元氣虧損, 用補中益氣湯加茯苓而愈. 6) 朝鮮時代 28) (1) 東醫寶鑑 髮者血之餘 血盛則髮潤血衰則髮衰血熱則髮黃血敗則髮白 鬚髮榮枯 女子七歲齒更髮長五七面始焦髮始墮六七面焦髮白丈夫八歲齒更髮長五八髮墮齒枯六八面焦髮白 鬚髮顔面皆督脈所絡陽精盛注於外則鬚髮榮盛面體光潤 膽榮在鬚腎華在髮精氣上升則鬚潤而黑六八以後精華不能上升秋冬令行金削肺枯以致鬚髮焦槁如灰白色養生者宜預服補精血藥以防之染掠亦非上策 鬚髮黃落 虛損之疾一損損於肺皮聚而毛落宜八物湯 ( 方見虛勞 保命 ) 脈弦氣弱皮毛枯槁黃芪建中湯 ( 方見虛勞 ) 四物湯亦主之 老來髮落鬚長常也少壯有髮落或鬚亦落者火炎血燥故也宜服地黃酒天門冬膏 ( 方並見身形 ) 髮燥者膽有怒火也膽合膀胱上榮毛髮風氣盛則焦燥汁竭則枯也 初生兒胎髮或童男女髮洗淨鹽泥固濟火煆爲末空心酒下二三分或入補藥服尤妙 髮黃落宜滋榮散三聖膏菊花散巫雲散二仙丸生禿烏雲油金珠綠雲油 一男年少頭髮盡脫用六味地黃丸不久髮生寸許兩月復舊 一婦年少髮盡脫不留一莖脈微弦而濇此由厚味成熱濕痰在膈上而熏蒸髮根之血漸枯 而脫用防風通聖散去芒硝惟大黃三度酒炒兼以四物湯酒製合和作小劑煎以服兩月濕熱漸解停藥淡食調養一年而復舊 29) (2) 濟衆新編 鬚髮榮枯黃落 腎精上升鬚髮潤黑不升則枯白老人常也少壯鬚髮落者血燥風動腎氣丸 ( 五臟 ) 防風通聖散 ( 風門 ) 肺虛八物湯 ( 虛勞 ) 脈弦氣弱黃芪建中湯 ( 虛勞 ) 30) (3) 醫方類聚夫足少陽膽之經也, 其榮在鬚. 足少陰腎之經也, 其華在髮. 沖任之脈, 爲十二經之海, 謂之血海, 其別絡上唇口. 若血盛則榮於鬚髮, 故鬚髮美. 若血氣衰弱, 經脈虛竭, 不能榮潤, 故令鬚鬢禿落. 7) 現代 (1) 中醫外科學 31) 油風 [ 病因病理 ] 由于血虛不能隨氣營養皮膚, 以致毛孔開張, 風邪乘虛襲入, 風盛血燥, 髮失所養而成片脫落 ; 或因情志抑鬱, 肝氣鬱結, 過分勞累, 心氣乃傷, 氣滯血瘀, 毛髮失養所致 ; 因肝藏血, 髮爲血之餘, 腎主骨, 其榮在髮, 若肝腎不足, 亦能導致脫髮. (2) 實用中醫外科學 32) 油風 [ 病因病理 ] 由于血虛不能隨氣營養皮膚, 以致毛孔開張, 風邪乘虛襲入, 風盛血燥, 髮失所養而成片脫落 ; 或因情志抑鬱, 肝氣鬱結, 過分勞累, 有傷心脾, 有傷生化之源, 毛髮失養所致 ; 因肝藏血, 髮爲血之餘, 腎主骨, 其榮在髮, 病久毛髮全脫, 精神抑鬱, 導致肝腎兩虧. (3) 實用中西醫結合診斷治療學 33) [ 中醫的病因病機 ] 1 情志失調惊恐思慮, 憂愁忷怒, 或情怀不暢, 肝郁不舒等, 使氣機逆亂, 五臟受累, 氣血失調, 則不能上榮毛髮, 因而脫落. 2 血熱生風靑壯年人, 血氣方剛, 過食辛響厚味, 感五志化火, 則血熱生風, 陰液內耗, 風熱上扰, 竄于巓頂, 毛髮失榮, 乃致突然禿落. 3 血瘀毛竅凡病程日久, 或因循失治, 則病久入絡, 血瘀經脈, 阻塞血路, 髮失榮養, 故易脫落. http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2015018 39

The Acupuncture Vol. 32 No. 2 June 2015 (4) 千家妙方 34) 1 心腎不足, 血不榮髮 2 熱邪傷肺, 皮毛焦悴 3 肝血不足, 血餘失養 4 肝腎不足, 血虛髮脫 脫髮 1 肝鬱血虛, 血不榮髮 2 腎虛血虛, 氣血不足, 不能上行榮髮 3 肝血不足, 腎精虛衰, 不榮于髮 4 心陰虛, 心腎不交 續發性脫髮 風盛血燥, 髮失所榮 (5) 古今名方 35) 淸肺生髮湯 [ 功效與應用 ] 淸肺熱, 活血通絡. 用于因肺臟有熱而致脫髮. 症見頭髮漸漸枯費, 脫髮, 甚者大把脫髮, 尤以額際爲甚, 舌苔薄脈細數. (7) 中醫外科 37) [ 病因病機 ] 總由血虛肌膚失養, 風邪乘虛爲患, 以致風盛血燥, 髮失榮養或因情志抑鬱, 肝氣鬱結, 毛髮失養所致. (8) 中醫臨床大全 38) 髮蛀脫髮 [ 病機探微 ] 平素恣食甘肥飮食, 易傷脾胃, 使之濕熱蘊結, 上蒸巓頂. 侵蝕髮根白漿. 髮根漸被腐蝕. 故髮粘膩而均勻性脫落. 其次, 陰虛體質者, 虛熱暗耗陰血, 導致血熱風燥陰血不能上潮巓頂, 濡養毛根, 毛根於涸不榮, 故見髮焦且枯而脫落. 油風 [ 病機探微 ] 本病發生的原因不外乎虛與實. 所謂虛一指氣血之虛一指肝腎之虛. 人受水穀精微化生爲氣血陰精. 一旦陰血虧損不能化生血液毛根空虛髮無生長之源致頭髮大片脫落誠如 諸病源候論 所說 : 若血盛則榮于須髮故須髮美 ; 若血氣衰弱經血虛竭不能榮潤故須髮亮落. 所謂實多因過食辛熱炙煿厚味或者情志抑鬱化火皆能暗耗陰血血熱生風或者血瘀毛竅都可導致毛根得不到陰血的濡養故頭髮突然脫落. 神應養眞丹 [ 功效與應用 ] 養血祛風, 補腎生髮. 用于血虛風燥所致脂溢性脫髮, 斑禿或全禿, 慢性瘙痒性皮膚病. 治斑禿方 [ 功效與應用 ] 滋補肝腎, 養血生發. 用于油風脫髮 ( 斑禿, 全禿 ) 證屬肝腎不足, 血虛脫髮者. (6) 萬病醫藥顧問 36) 油風類 [ 病源 ] 風乘虛襲入. 醉後毛孔開張. 當風乘凉邪風乘虛襲入. 居於毛竅肌膚之間. 久之. 風邪壅盛. 血脈燥澁. 不能榮養膚髮. 以致毛髮乾焦. 成片髮落. 是謂油風病. 此證俗名鬼剃頭. 禿瘡類 [ 病源 ] 1 胃經積熱過食膏梁厚. 味煎炒炙爆. 胃經積熱. 熱極生風. 發於頭上. 遂成禿瘡. 一各肥瘡. 又名錢癬. 癩痢頭瘡. 2 剃刀不潔生禿瘡剃過之剃刀或患禿瘡者之帽俱有黴菌含蓄在內切不可用犯之每令傳染也. 39) (9) 診療要鑑 [ 鬚髮의黃 ] 風氣가盛하면燥하고膽汁이凅竭되면毛髮이枯燥한다. [ 油風證 ] 風邪가盛하여血燥하므로發함 40) (10) 症狀鑑別治療 [ 頭白禿 ]( 頭部白癬黃癬 ) 1 風熱挾毒의頭白禿 - 毒邪 ( 白癬菌의感染 ) 에의해發生. - 風熱毒邪가侵入하고結集해서氣血不和로皮膚, 毛髮이營養받지못하여發生 2 濕熱挾毒의頭白禿 - 毒邪 ( 黃癬菌의感染 ) 에의해發病 - 胎毒濕熱또는脾胃의濕熱이停滯하여頭皮로上攻하기때문에發生 [ 脫髮 ]( 脫毛症禿頭症대머리 ) 1 血熱生風의脫髮原因 : 精神的刺戟으로인해心神이擾亂되고心火가亢盛 40 http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2014048

脫髮의病因病機및鍼灸治療에관한문헌고찰 하여血熱生風하여, 內風으로인해脫毛한다. 2 陰血虧虛의脫髮原因 : 肝腎陰虛로陰血이不足하고, 血虛로인해毛髮이營養받지못해脫毛한다. 髮은血餘이기때문이다. 이밖에肌膚腠理가固密하지못해땀날때바람을쐬고, 風邪가虛를틈타侵入하여血燥를惹起하여, 毛髮이營養을받지못해脫毛하는경우도있다. 諸病源候論 의 < 鬼舐頭候 > 에서 人有風邪在頭, 有偏虛處, 則發禿落 이라고하였다. 3 氣血兩虛의脫髮原因 : 慢性病, 産後等으로氣血이虛해毛髮을榮潤하지못해서鬚髮이脫落한다. 4 瘀血의脫落原因 : 瘀血停滯로新血이생기지못하고, 髮이營養을받지못해서脫毛한다. 醫林改錯 에 皮裏肉外血瘀, 阻塞血絡, 新血不能養髮, 故髮脫落 이라고記述하였다. (11) 韓醫皮膚外科學 41) 油風 [ 病因病理 ] 血이虛하여氣를따라서皮膚를營養하지못하여毛孔이開脹되고風邪가虛를乘하여侵入하여風盛血燥하게되고頭髮에營養하지못하여成片脫落하게된다. 或은情志가抑鬱하고肝氣鬱結하거나, 過勞하여疲勞가쌓여서心脾를傷하여生化之源을損傷하여毛髮이失養된所致이다. (12) 外科皮膚科의辨證論治 42) [ 病因病理 ] 本病의대부분은肝腎陰虛하고氣血이不足하며腠理가튼튼하지못하기때문에風邪가虛를타고들어와風盛血燥를招來하여毛髮이榮養을失하여脫落한다. 43) (13) 漢方臨床學한방병명으로는斑禿, 油風禿頭에比喩該當되는것으로본다. 원인에있어서는 1 精血이부족하여皮膚에營養供給作用을잘못해서毛孔이開口하게되고, 그틈으로風邪가侵入하여風盛血燥로피부에營養失調를일으켜발생하게된다. 2 精神過度의損虧와지나친精神刺戟등의情緖關係로발 생한다. 44) (14) 漢方外科 1 沐浴한後나過度한음주후에皮膚毛孔이開張되었을때風邪가毛孔및肌膚로侵犯하여血液을燥澁하게만들어皮膚나毛髮에營養을供給하지못하기때문이다. 2 神經性障碍일것이라고하는說도있다. 45) (15) 韓方專門醫叢書 원형탈모증( 圓形脫毛症 ) [ 정의 ] 머리털이둥근모양으로빠지는병 [ 원인 ] 韓醫學에서는유풍 ( 油風 ), 반독 ( 斑禿 ) 이라고하는 데血이虛하고風이盛하여머리털을자양하지못하여생긴다고본다. 비강성탈모증 ( 粃糠性脫毛症 ) [ 정의 ] 머리에비듬이생기면서머리털이쉽게빠지는병 [ 원인 ] 韓醫學적으로는유풍 ( 油風 ) 에해당시킬수있으며風熱의邪氣가皮毛에몰려氣血순환이장애되고머리털에영양공급을제대로하지못할때생기거나心陰이부족하고血이虛하여風이動할때에도생긴다고본다. 지루성탈모증 ( 脂漏性脫毛症 ) [ 정의 ] 머리에기름때가앉으면서털구멍이막혀위축되어머리털이빠지는병 [ 원인 ] 韓醫學적으로는유풍 ( 油風 ) 에해당시킬수있는데脾濕이肺로熏蒸되어肺기가몰려皮毛를주관하지못할때생기거나血이虛하여피부를영양하지못한탓으로腠理가성글어져서생긴다고본다. 46) (16) 鍼灸醫學 脫髮 원인 : 韓醫學적으로는毛髮영양에精血이源泉이되므로房勞過度로腎精虧損하거나, 思慮傷脾로氣血生化가부족하거나, 肺氣不足하여宣發기능을상실하거나, 久病으로虛弱하여氣血兩虛하거나, 腎精虧損精血不足津液失布血虛生風으로毛髮을영양하지못해탈락하거나, 情志不暢肝氣鬱結氣機不暢하여瘀血阻滯하면瘀血이不去하여血不養髮하여脫落하며, 정신적자극이크면心火亢盛되어血熱生風하여風動脫髮시킨다. http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2015018 41

The Acupuncture Vol. 32 No. 2 June 2015 2. 鍼灸治療 - 放血療法 : 斑禿局部 ( 梅花針叩刺 ) 1) 고전문헌및현대문헌 (1) 神應經 7) 頭面部 毛髮焦脫 下廉 (2) 醫宗金鑑 6) 油風 以治其標. 若耽延年久, 宜針砭其光亮之處, 出紫血, 毛髮庶可復生. (3) 基層醫生針灸手冊 47) 處方 : 阿是穴 ( 斑禿局部 - 梅花針叩刺 ), 百會, 風池, 膈兪, 足三里, 三陰交配穴 : 偏于血虛者 - 血海神門偏于血瘀者 - 局部重叩 2-3 次風邪偏虛者 - 風門大椎肝腎不足者 - 肝兪腎兪太谿 (4) ( 實用 ) 臨床鍼灸學 48) 油風 [ 辨證分型及其治療常法 ] 血虛風盛 : 風池百會膈兪足三里阿是穴 # 隨症選穴 - 心悸失眠加神門氣滯血瘀 : 風池膈兪血海三陰交太衝阿是穴 # 隨症選穴 - 頭痛寐差加太陽神門胸悶太息加膻中內關 肝腎不足 : 肝兪腎兪太谿太衝三陰交阿是穴 # 隨症選穴 - 頭昏耳鳴加百會陽痿遺精月經不調加關元 (5) 備急針灸 49) [ 辨證施治 ] - 血虛生風 : 合谷太衝風池曲池 - 肝腎不足 : 太谿太衝肝兪腎兪風池 - 瘀血阻絡 : 三陰交膈兪血海局部點刺 [ 其他療法 ] - 耳穴點壓法 : 斑禿相應部位肺腎內分泌腎上腺枕 (6) 新編簡明針灸手冊 50) 治療方法 - 體鍼療法穴位 : 風池神門肝兪膈兪足三里辨證配穴 : 肝腎陰虛加腎兪三陰交氣血虛加腎兪 - 圍鍼療法 : 脫髮局部 - 耳鍼療法 : 肝, 腎, 枕, 腎上腺, 內分泌 - 穴位注藥療法 : 風池, 足三里, 肝兪, 膈兪 (7) 實用針灸選穴手冊 51) 1 血虛風盛 : 風池, 心兪, 膈兪, 脾兪, 足三元, 斑禿局部 ( 梅花針 - 叩刺 ) 2 肝腎不足 : 肝兪, 腎兪, 膈兪, 三陰交, 關元, 斑禿局部 ( 梅花鍼 - 叩刺 ) 3 氣滯血瘀 : 風池, 膈兪, 血海, 太衝, 斑禿局部 ( 梅花針 - 叩刺 ) 4 皮膚艾灸法 : 斑禿局部 5 皮刺光照法 : 斑禿局部 (8) 實用針灸手冊 52) 脫髮 1 鍼刺療法 : 百會, 阿是穴, 安眠, 風池, 內關, 三陰交爲主穴, 也可配大椎, 四神總, 神庭, 上星, 頭維, 曲池, 足三里, 膈兪, 血海等穴. 2 灸法 : 阿是穴 ( 脫髮處 ) 3 皮膚鍼 : 脫髮局部, 百會, 風池, 頸 2-4 夾脊. 4 水鍼療法 : 心兪, 肺兪, 膈兪, 風池, 大椎, 命門, 曲池, 天柱. (9) 實用針灸自學指南 53) 油風 ( 斑禿 ) - 百會, 風池, 內關, 足三里, 太衝, 阿是穴. # 血虛者加膈兪肝兪腎兪膏肓 # 血瘀者加外關太淵委中 - 耳針療法 : 取穴肺, 腎, 內分泌, 腎上腺, 枕及相應部位. - 皮膚針療法 : 取禿髮區. 中度叩刺, 以微出血爲度. - 灸法 : 取禿髮區. 用艾條或艾炷隔薑灸, 至皮膚呈微紅時爲止. - 水針療法 : 取穴心兪, 膈兪, 脾兪, 風池, 大椎, 命門, 曲池. 42 http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2014048

脫髮의病因病機및鍼灸治療에관한문헌고찰 (10) 實用針灸處方解 54) ( 處方及方解 ) 阿是穴, 百會, 風池, 膈兪血虛者加氣海足三里三陰交血海血瘀者加太衝肝兪三陰交 ( 其他療法 ) 1 艾灸 : 用艾條于患部熏灸 2 耳針 : 相應部位, 腎, 肺, 脾, 內分泌, 腎上腺, 皮質下, 肝. (11) 中國針灸大全 55) ( 辨證施治 ) 1 風盛血燥證 : 風池 (-) 膈兪 (+) 足三里 (+)( 双 ) 百會 (±) 阿是穴 ( 七星鍼 - 叩刺 ) 失眠加內關三陰交. 2 氣滯血瘀證 : 膈兪 (±) 血海 (±) 三陰交 (±) 行間 (±) 百會 (±) 阿是穴 ( 七星鍼 - 叩刺 ) 頭痛加太陽脇肋脹痛加陽陵泉 3 肝腎虧虛證 : 風池 (±) 腎兪 (+) 志室 (+) 太衝 (+) 太谿 (+)( 双 ) 百會 (±) 阿是穴 ( 七星鍼 - 叩刺 ) ( 其他療法 ) 1 耳針 : 取腎, 內分泌, 交感, 腎上腺, 神門, 肝 2 艾條灸 : 用点燃之艾條在斑禿之部位熏灸, 灸至皮膚微紅灼熱爲度. (12) 中國針灸臨床治療學 56) 1 針刺療法取穴 : 百會頭維膈兪足三里三陰交辨證選穴 : 氣血兩虛加氣海肝兪氣滯血瘀加太衝合谷陰虛火旺加腎兪太谿肝兪 2 灸法 : 斑禿局部 3 耳針 : 腎, 肝, 腎上腺, 神門, 心, 交感 57) (13) 中國針灸治療學 1 辨證施治 - 血虛風盛 風池心兪膈兪脾兪足三里脫髮局部 # 心悸失眠加神門 - 肝腎不足肝兪腎兪太谿三陰交脫髮局部 # 頭昏耳鳴加百會陽痿遺精或月經不調加關元 - 氣滯血瘀風池膈兪血海太衝脫髮局部 # 頭痛寐差加太陽神門胸悶太息加膻中內關 2 皮膚針 : 脫髮局部 3 拔火罐 : 脫髮之頭部 4 水針 : 肺兪心兪膈兪肝兪脾兪腎兪風池曲池 (14) 165 種病症最新針灸治療 58) 1 皮膚針主穴 : 阿是穴, 陽性反應点, 風池, 百會. 配穴 : 太淵, 內關, 頸部, 骶部, 腰部. 2 體鍼主穴 : 百會, 頭維, 阿是穴, 生髮穴, 防老, 健腦. 配穴 : 翳明, 上星, 太陽, 風池, 外關, 天井. 3 穴位注射主穴 : 阿是穴, 曲池, 足三里. 配穴 : 頭維, 百會, 風池, 脾兪. 4 穴位埋線阿是穴 5 穴位激光照射阿是穴 6 刺血委中 59) (15) 針灸療法 1 針刺法血虛 : 局部, 百會, 風池, 膈兪, 足三里. # 失眠加神門, 內關 # 頭暈加上星血熱 : 局部, 風池, 曲池, 血海, 膈兪, 大椎. http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2015018 43

The Acupuncture Vol. 32 No. 2 June 2015 # 胃熱便秘加內庭天樞血瘀 : 局部, 膈兪, 太衝, 丘墟, 血海 2 灸法 ( 活用于血虛, 血瘀證 ) 阿是穴, 風池, 肝兪, 脾兪, 腎兪 3 穴位注射風池, 曲池, 肝兪, 腎兪, 脾兪, 天柱. 4 皮膚針阿是穴, 夾脊頸 2-4. (16) 針灸臨床學 60) ( 針灸治療 ) 曲池合谷足三里三陰交血海膈兪太衝阿是穴 # 血虛風燥 : 百會風池氣滯血瘀 : 期門行間肝腎不足 : 肝兪腎兪水泉 ( 其他療法 ) 1 艾灸療法 : 患處 2 耳針療法 : 肺腎肝交感神門皮質下患處部位 3 水鍼療法 : 心兪肺兪脾兪膈兪曲池足三里 (17) 針灸治療學 61) ( 辨證施治 ) 1 血熱生風 : 風池行間太谿血海三陰交神門 2 血瘀毛竅 : 風池太衝血海膈兪大椎脫髮區 3 氣血兩虛 : 百會氣海足三里血海太白脾兪 4 肝腎不足 : 太谿太衝三陰交腎兪關元百會 ( 其他療法 ) 1 耳針療法 : 肺腎交感穴 2 局部圍刺療法 : 斑禿區常規消毒後, 用 32-35 号毫鍼呈 15 度角, 斜刺于皮損區四周 62) (18) 針灸學 1 血熱生風 : 風池太衝血海三陰交局部圍刺或點刺 2 血瘀阻落 : 風池百會曲池血海膈兪局部點刺出血 3 氣血兩虛 : 百會曲池足三里脾兪頭皮梅花針叩刺 4 肝腎不足 : 腎兪肝兪氣海百會三陰交太谿太衝 (19) 針到病除 63) 油風 1 毫鍼防老 ( 百會穴後 1 寸 ), 健腦, 脫髮局部 # 血虛風燥加膈兪尺澤氣滯血瘀加合谷血海委中兩鬂脫髮甚者加頭維瘙痒甚加大椎油脂多者加上星 2 梅花針脫髮區局部, 百會, 風池, 頸後部. # 脊柱兩側常規刺激部位, 腰骶部, 太淵, 內關, 三陰交, 血海, 背部陽性反應物區. 3 頭皮針双側足運動區, 感覺區上 3/5. 4 水針斑禿區局部皮下. (20) 針刺療法集要 64) ( 選穴 ) 腎兪, 肝兪, 太谿, 三陰交, 血海, 膈兪, 百會. 說明 : 施平補平瀉法. 兩鬂脫髮者加頭維瘙痒甚加大椎油脂多者加上星 (21) 現代針灸師手冊 65) 1 太谿腎兪神門風池曲池百會血海 # 養血加三陰交足三里 # 疏風加合谷肺兪 # 頭部加依脫髮部位加頭維上星等穴 2 皮膚針 : 頸部腰骶部脫髮區及脊柱兩側脫髮區要均勻密刺 3 耳針 : 肺腎交感, 割雙耳內分泌區. 4 灸 : 腎兪, 百會, 足三里, 陽陵泉, 三陰交 脫髮 1 百會, 頭維, 風池, 曲池, 血海, 腎兪, 三陰交, 足三里. 2 皮膚針 : 脫髮局部. 配頭維, 百會, 風池, 風府, 腎兪, 太谿, 安眠穴. 44 http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2014048

脫髮의病因病機및鍼灸治療에관한문헌고찰 (22) 毫針療法圖解 66) ( 治療 ) 上廉中脘足三里 (23) 實用中西醫結合診斷治療學 33) 1 體鍼 : 百會, 頭維, 風池, 風府, 阿是穴 ( 脫髮區正中 ), 合谷 2 耳針 : 神門交感, 心, 頭, 神門, 皮質下 3 梅花針 : 梅花針輕叩患嘔, 至皮質輕度髮紅, 或將要滲血爲度. 脂溢性脫髮 1 體鍼 : 毛髮稀疎脫落加百會, 頭維, 四神聰, 上星, 角孫, 每次選 2-3 穴頭皮瘙痒加百會, 風池, 合谷, 列缺 2 耳針 : 胃, 脾, 腎, 神門, 皮質下, 頭 (24) 中醫師臨床手冊 67) 鍼灸療法梅花針敲刺脫髮部皮膚 ( 不要出血 ) 32) (25) 實用中醫外科學 油風 如病期延久可再脫髮處用七星針移動擊刺 (26) 中醫外科學 31) 油風 病期長久, 可在脫髮處用七星鍼移動擊刺 (27) 實用中醫外科治療手冊 68) 脫髮 鍼刺療法百會風池肝兪腎兪足三里三陰交梅花針叩刺, 皮膚潮紅爲度, 加艾灸 3-5 分鍾, 耳鍼 : 肺心腎肝脾內分泌皮質下 (28) 耳穴診斷治療學 69) 主穴 : 相應部位腎肺脾內分泌腎上腺皮質下配穴 : 大腸肝膽膀胱 (29) 中國灸法治療學 70) 油風 1 血虛風盛型處方 : 脾兪腎兪心兪足三里風池阿是穴隨症加穴 : 心悸失眠者加神門 2 肝腎不足型處方 : 肝兪腎兪三陰交太谿阿是穴隨症加穴 : 頭昏耳鳴者加百會陽痿遺精或月經不調者加氣海關元 3 氣滯血瘀型處方 : 風池太衝膈兪血海阿是穴隨症加穴 : 頭昏失眠者加太陽神門胸悶太息者加膻中內關 (30) 中國梅花針 71) ( 治療部位 ) 1 主治部位爲 : 後頸腰骶部脫髮區太淵內關陽性物處 2 隨症加減 - 頭痛頭暈口乾心煩性急的加刺胸椎 8-10 兩側風池 - 心悸鬱多失眠神乏的加刺胸椎 5-7 兩側神門大椎 - 胃脘不適便溏納谷差的加刺胸椎 5-12 兩側中脘足三里 - 對脫髮時間短兼症少者則取手太陰肺經自肘下循行路線肺兪後頸部脫髮區 3 鞏固调治取脊柱兩側重點叩刺腰部太淵肺兪 (31) 中國鍼術臨床實踐 72) 脫髮 1 梅花針療法頸區 : 第 1-7 頸椎的兩旁與頸椎平行旁幵一寸 ( 同身寸 ) 的平行線頭頂區 : 自前髮際至兩耳尖連線上, 橫行叩刺 5-7 行 2 穴位注射療法取穴 : 風池肺兪腎兪足三里穴 (32) 双針速效療法 73) 1 經穴主穴 : 膈兪, 脾兪, 心兪, 風池, 風門, 阿是穴, 合谷配穴 : 百會, 太陽, 足三里 http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2015018 45

The Acupuncture Vol. 32 No. 2 June 2015 2 奇穴主穴 : 四神聰, 督脈, 大門, 頂上廻毛, 後神聰, 前神聰配穴 : 六化. 百種風, 里期門, 腰眼, 命門, 始素, 阿是穴 (33) 耳穴療法治百病 74) 脫髮 主穴 : 相應部位腎肺脾內分泌腎上腺皮質下配穴 : 大腸肝膽膀胱 (34) 梅花針治百病 75) ( 辨證選穴 ) 1 活用於腎氣虛弱患者 : 後頸部, 腰部, 骶部, 脫髮區, 風池, 百會, 腎兪, 肝兪, 三陰交, 內關, 陽性物處 2 活用於氣血兩虛患者 : 後頸部, 胸椎 5-8 兩側, 腰部, 脫髮區, 內關, 大椎, 心兪膈兪, 中脘, 足三里, 陽性物處 3 活用於肺氣虛弱患者 : 後頸部, 胸椎 3-5 兩側, 脫髮區, 腰部, 太淵, 合谷, 肺兪, 脾兪, 胃兪, 百會, 陽性物處 4 活用於脫髮已重新長出新髮, 自覺症狀基本消失者 : 取脊柱兩側, 重點叩刺腰部骶部, 百會, 肺兪, 脾兪, 腎兪, 手太陰肺經自肘下循行線 ( 隨症加減 ) 1 頭痛或偏頭痛頭暈口乾心煩性急者 : 胸椎 5-10 兩側, 後頸部, 風池, 膈兪 2 失眠, 心悸, 鬱多, 神倦乏力者 : 胸椎 5-8 兩側, 骶部, 神門, 大椎, 三陰交. 3 胃脘不適, 納穀不佳, 大便稀溏者 : 胸椎 5-12 兩側, 內關, 中脘, 足三里, 天樞. 鞏固調治 : 脊柱兩側, 重點叩刺腰部, 太淵, 肺兪. 手法宜用中度或重度刺激 (36) 동씨침구미용살빼기 77) 圓形대머리 - 七星鍼點刺 : 後背心肺구역, 膝後太陽구역, 足外側肺구역, 患部 - 前會穴, 正會穴, 後會穴 - 上三皇穴, 腎關穴, 足駟馬穴 雄性대머리 - 七星鍼點刺 : 後背心肺구역, 腰背腎水구역, 膝後太陽구역. 患部 - 前會穴, 正會穴, 後會穴 - 上三皇穴, 下三皇穴, 足駟馬穴 - 耳穴의內分泌점, 皮質下 지성두발탈락 - 放血 : 後背心肺구역, 腰背脾胃구역, 小腿陽明구역 - 前會穴, 正會穴, 後會穴 - 州圓穴, 州崙穴, 州水穴 - 通腎穴, 通胃穴, 通背穴 - 足駟馬穴, 四花上穴, 側三里穴 (37) 東醫治療經驗集成 78) 脫毛症 脫毛症의鍼灸治療 - 皮膚鍼 : 脫髮局部 - 間接灸 : 天樞, 大椎, 肺兪, 曲池 (35) 中醫針法集錦 76) ( 療法 ) 1 頭針可選雙側足運動區感覺區上 3/5 經過治療, 部分病人可完全恢復正常 2 梅花針可取後頸, 腰, 骶部, 脫髮區, 太淵, 內關, 陽性物處. 凡見頭痛, 頭暈, 口乾, 心煩性急的 : 胸椎 8-10 兩側, 風池心悸, 鬱多, 失眠, 神乏的 : 胸椎 5-7 兩側胃脘不適, 便溏, 納穀差的 : 胸椎 5-12 兩側, 中脘, 足三里對脫髮時間短, 兼症少者 : 手太陰肺經自肘下循行路線, 肺兪, 後頸部, 脫髮區. (38) 最新鍼灸治療學 79) 脫毛症 ( 共通治療 ) 1 患部의處置鍼灸 : 圓形脫毛斑의散鍼과灸 2 脫毛部以外의處置鍼 : 天柱風池身柱肺兪至陽膈兪灸 : 天柱, 大椎, 身柱 ( 類別治療 ) 1 大腸經의障害鍼 : 曲池合谷內關灸 : 曲池 46 http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2014048

脫髮의病因病機및鍼灸治療에관한문헌고찰 2 胃經의障害鍼 : 脾兪足三里三陰交灸 : 脾兪足三里 (39) 針灸와臨床 80) 脫髮症 1 刺針療法百會, 頭維, 風池, 脾兪, 足三里, 三陰交 ( 辨證選穴 ) 血虛型 : 肝兪, 腎兪, 太谿血熱型 : 曲池, 血海血瘀型 : 太衝, 丘墟, 膈兪 2 穴位注射療法頭維, 百會, 風池 ( 配穴 ) 全禿, 頂禿者 : 通天圓形脫毛症 : 局部阿是穴 3 灸療法風池, 肝兪, 脾兪, 腎兪, 脫髮局部 百會頭維風池膈兪足三里三陰交 - 血虛型 : 加肝兪腎兪太谿 - 血熱型 : 加曲池血海 - 血瘀型 : 加太衝坵墟膈兪 - 瘙痒 : 風府, 印堂 - 油脂過多 : 上星 ( 기타치료 ) 1 灸法 - 취혈 : 風池肝兪脾兪腎兪脫髮部位 2 耳鍼 - 脫髮 : 腎肺內分泌後頭 - 斑禿 : 相應部位 ( 點刺 ) 腎肺內分泌 3 皮膚鍼 - 상용혈 : 頸 2-4 夾脊穴, 脫髮部位 - 방법 : 頸夾脊穴양측가볍게자극. 홍조를띠면脫髮부위출혈 45) (40) 韓方專門醫叢書 원형탈모증 ( 圓形脫毛症 ) 1 皮膚針자극 : 脫髮局部 2 取穴 : 風池, 大椎, 百會, 前頂 3 灸 : 天樞, 大椎, 肺兪, 曲池, 脫髮局部 지루성탈모증 ( 脂漏性脫毛症 ) 皮膚針 : 脫髮局部 (41) 韓醫皮膚外科學 41) 油風 [ 침구법 ] - 取穴 : 百會頭維生髮穴翳明上星太陽風池足三里三陰交 (42) 알레르기피부병, 탈모증예방치료 81) - 灸 : 天柱風池百會 - 指壓法 : 脫髮局部 5-6 回指壓 46) (43) 鍼灸醫學 脫髮 ( 기본침치료 ) 44) (44) 漢方外科針法 : 탈모부위針刺, 出血시킴 (45) ( 中國名醫들의 ) 最新鍼灸臨床選方 82) 탈모증 ( 치료방법 ) 百會風池 ( 雙 ) (46) 中醫辯證針灸治療處方 83) ( 원형탈모증 ) 1 血虛風盛風池心兪膈兪脾兪足三里脫髮局部 # 加減穴 : 心悸失眠加神門 2 肝腎不足肝兪腎兪太谿三陰交脫髮局部 # 加減穴 : 頭昏耳鳴加百會陰痿遺精月經不調加關元 3 氣滯血瘀風池膈兪血海太衝脫髮局部 # 加減穴 : 頭痛不眠加太陽神門胸悶太息加膻中內關 http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2015018 47

The Acupuncture Vol. 32 No. 2 June 2015 (47) ( 아름다워지는 ) 미용침구 84) 원형탈모증의침구치료 ( 상용혈 ) 頸肩部 : 天柱風池完骨大椎肩中兪肩外兪頸部의압통점四肢 : 合谷間使三陰交足三里陽陵泉太衝曲池背部 : 大椎膈兪肝兪腎兪 (48) ( 現代 ) 臨床鍼灸學 85) ( 治療方法 ) 1 辨證施治 ( 공통 : 脫髮局部 ) 血虛風盛 : 風池心兪膈兪脾兪足三里肝腎不足 : 肝兪腎兪太谿三陰交氣滯血瘀 : 風池膈兪血海太衝 2 皮膚鍼療法處方 : 脫髮局部 3 附缸療法處方 : 脫髮局部 4 水鍼療法處方 : 肺兪心兪膈兪肝兪脾兪腎兪風池曲池 (49) 現代鍼灸學 86) 圓形脫毛症 (Alopecia areata) 치료방침 1 전신적요법 : 灸요법이주체가됨 2 국소적요법 - 탈모부의중심에半米粒大뜸 - 부위가클경우에는 2-3 개소에뜸 - 탈모부주위에皮膚鍼을시술 - 後頸部에도補鍼이나持鍼 (Appendix 1, 2 참고 ) 2) 현대임상및실험연구 (1) 임상연구 (Table 1) Table 1. Clinical Researches Lead author Title Jeon WJ 87) The clinical observation on 1 case of alopecia areata with headache Yun JH 88) Year 2001 One case treated alopecia areata with herbal acupuncture 2001 Hwang JS 89) The clinical observation on 1 case of alopecia areata following whiplash injury Lee SW 90) Lee IJ 91) Ju BH 92) Lee TH 93) Lee JH 94) (2) 실험연구 (Table 2) Lead author Kim H 95) A case study of beevenom effect on alopecia universalis started from alopecia areata The case study of Korean medicine on patients with alopecia areata accompanied by atrophodermia A case report on child with different types of alopecia Oriental medicine therapy in the treatment of men with androgenetic alopecia Restrospective study about the causes and the effects of Korean medicine treatment on alopeica Table 2. Experimental researches Title Experimental studies on the expression of hair growth related factors after acupuncture & moxibustion therapy Experimental study on the Kim HI 96) expression of hair growth related factors after bee venom acupuncture therapy Lee SY 97) Hair growth effects of cervi cornu pantotrichum pharmacopuncture solution on the c57bl/ 6 mice 2004 2008 2009 2013 2006 2013 Year 2011 2011 2013 48 http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2014048

脫髮의病因病機및鍼灸治療에관한문헌고찰 Ⅳ. 고찰 통상적으로모발은머리에난긴체모를특별히부르는말이다. 모발은보호작용외에도부가적으로중금속을비롯한노폐물의배출작용도하고있다 98). 脫髮이란모발이정상적으로존재해야할부위에서모발이없는상태를말하며, 일반적으로두피의성모가빠지는것을의미한다 2). 脫髮은반흔성, 비반흔성탈모증으로구분하는데반흔성탈모증은모낭이파괴되고섬유조직으로회복되어영구적인탈모가되며외상, 홍반성루푸스, 경피증, 편평태선, 종양, 감염등이원인이된다. 한편비반흔성탈모증은조직이섬유화되지않고모낭도그대로보존되는질환으로서휴지기탈모증, 유전성안드로겐탈모증, 원형탈모증, 생장기탈모증등이있다 1). 한의학문헌을통해脫髮의병명과病因病機의시대적흐름을살펴보면우선秦漢시대의대표서적인 黃帝內經ㆍ素問 3,9) 에서는 髮墮, 髮去, 髮落, 毛拔 이라는단어를통해생리적혹은병리적인脫髮과정에대해서술하였고, 黃帝內經ㆍ靈樞 10) 에서는 毛折 이라하여經絡의병리적상태와脫髮의관련성에대해서술하였다. 秦漢시대에는구체적으로脫髮의증상을구분하지않고포괄적으로서술하였으며, 臟腑와經絡의氣血盛衰에따른모발의양상에대해주로언급하였다. 따라서이시대까지는脫髮을중요한질환으로인식하기보다는하나의특징적인현상으로보았다고사료된다. 隋代에와서 諸病源候論 4) 에서는鬚은膽에, 髮은腎에각각배속시키면서구체적으로부위별毛에대해언급하였고脫髮양상에관해서도 鬢髮禿落候, 火燒處髮不生候, 白禿候, 鬼舐頭候 등으로구분하여각각의病因病機를언급하였다. 隋代부터脫髮의病因및증상에따른분류가이루어지기시작하였는데, 이때부터脫髮을하나의독립적인질환으로인식하기시작하였으며, 그에대한구체적인연구가이루어졌다고사료된다. 宋代에서는기존의髮과腎의연계학설에서발전하여骨髓, 腦까지로그논의를확장하고, 脫髮의病因으로腦虛를언급하였다. 이때부터脫髮의발생부위인頭部와脫髮과의직접적인관련성에대한인식이있었다고사료된다. 金代에와서 儒門事親 14) 에서는熱病을앓은이후나勞病뒤에血熱이太過하여髮의脫落이일어난다고하였는데, 이것은저자인張從正이劉完素의학술사상인火熱論을계승하였기때문에 99), 이것이脫髮에대한그의인식에도영향을끼쳤다고사료된다. 그리고 諸病源候論 4) 에서처음언급하였던白禿瘡을언급하는데, 특히小兒에발생한다고 서술하여病因뿐만아니라병의특징적양상에대해서도언급하였다. 明代는脫髮에대한연구가본격적으로다양하게이루어진시기이다. 기존에언급되었던病因외에도七情傷, 勞倦傷등에대한언급이있었으며, 油風이처음으로언급되었다. 明代이후의의서들에서많이油風에대해언급한것으로보아 外科正宗 5) 이후로脫髮관련단일질환명의정립이체계화되고그에대한연구가다양하게이루어졌다고사료된다. 다시말해脫髮의연구가한단계발전이이루어졌음을짐작할수있다. 淸代에서는明代까지발전되어온脫髮의病因에대한내용에서나아가 醫林改錯 23) 에서瘀血을추가하여논의하였으며, 明代에처음언급되었던油風에대한논의를발전시켜여러서적에서논하고있다. 朝鮮時代에는 東醫寶鑑 28) 에서역대醫家의설을다양하게인용하여脫髮의生理와病理에관해서술하였고, 주로東垣과入門의내용을많이서술하였다. 朝鮮時代의서적들은 東醫寶鑑 처럼脫髮에대하여새로운이론을제시하기보다는대부분역대중국醫家들의학설을바탕에두고체계적으로정리하여종합하는방식을취하였다고사료된다. 현대의문헌들은전반적으로역대의가의脫髮에대한학설을근간으로하여다양하게제시되었던각종이론들을종합하여제시하는데, 특히油風과斑禿을현대의원형탈모증이라고설명하면서血虛로인한血虛風盛, 情志抑鬱로인한氣機鬱結, 氣滯血瘀등을주요病因病機로서술하고있다. 그리고일반적인脫髮의病因으로앞에서언급한것외에腎水枯渴, 濕熱之痰등을제시하면서그에따른肝腎陰虛, 脾胃濕熱등의病機를기술하고있다. 脫髮의鍼灸治療에대해살펴보면우선고전문헌에서는 神應經 7) 의 下廉 과 醫宗金鑑 6) 의 宜針砭其光亮之處, 出紫血 정도로언급되었는데, 다른질환에비해脫髮의치료로鍼灸療法의서술이부족한편이다. 그러한경향이현대에도이어져脫髮치료와관련해선한약치료및기타외용약치료부분에집중되었고, 상대적으로鍼灸治療에대해서는언급이없거나짧게서술되어있다. 하지만최근에는중국의각종鍼灸治療혹은外科나皮膚科질환관련서적에서脫髮의鍼灸治療에관해구체적으로서술하고, 각종국내서적에서도자세히언급되고있으며, 脫髮의鍼灸治療와관련한실험이나임상논문이조금씩발표되는추세이다. 기본적인고전鍼刺法시에많이언급된穴位들을살펴보면, 脫髮에선風池ㆍ百會ㆍ三陰交ㆍ頭維ㆍ足三里ㆍ膈兪등이多用되었고, 斑禿 ( 油風 ) 에선百會ㆍ風池ㆍ足三里ㆍ膈兪ㆍ三陰交ㆍ阿是穴등이多用되었다. 脫髮과斑禿의치료穴位가비슷한것으로보아둘의鍼치료穴位구분은유의성이낮 http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2015018 49

The Acupuncture Vol. 32 No. 2 June 2015 다고사료된다. 百會ㆍ風池ㆍ頭維ㆍ阿是穴같은頭部의穴들이많이사용되었고, 足三里ㆍ膈兪ㆍ血海ㆍ曲池등과같은遠位取穴의방법도많이사용되었다. 脫髮을辨證別로분류하여각각의配穴을논하였는데, 血虛는足三里ㆍ風池ㆍ膈兪ㆍ阿是穴ㆍ脾兪ㆍ百會등이多用되었고, 血瘀는膈兪ㆍ脫髮局部ㆍ血海ㆍ太衝ㆍ風池ㆍ三陰交등이多用되었다. 血熱은血海ㆍ曲池ㆍ風池ㆍ三陰交등이多用되었고, 肝腎不足에선腎兪ㆍ肝兪ㆍ太谿ㆍ三陰交등이多用되었다. 脫髮발생시에竝發하는증상이있을때의配穴을살펴보면兩鬂脫髮시에는頭維을사용하였고, 油脂過多시엔上星을사용하였으며, 두통이있을시엔太陽ㆍ神門등이사용되었다. 또心悸失眠시엔神門등이多用되었다. 기본적고전鍼刺法이외의脫髮鍼灸治療를살펴보면灸法과같은기본적인고전鍼灸療法들뿐만아니라藥鍼療法과같은新鍼療法들도사용되었다. 우선灸法은斑禿局部가多用되었고風池ㆍ腎兪ㆍ肝兪ㆍ脾兪ㆍ百會ㆍ大椎등도사용되었다. 耳鍼療法은耳廓에刺鍼함으로써인체각부의질병을치료하는分區微細鍼法으로 46), 한의학적으로耳部는十二經脈및臟腑와直ㆍ間接적으로밀접하게연계되어있어全身의질병을진단하고치료하는데널리사용되는침법이다 100). 多用된耳鍼穴位는腎ㆍ內分泌ㆍ肺ㆍ腎上線ㆍ皮質下ㆍ肝ㆍ交感ㆍ神門ㆍ脫髮局部ㆍ脾ㆍ枕등이다. 刺絡療法은血脈의흐름을막는병리적인상황을소량의출혈이라는방법으로개선하는치료법으로서 46) 活血通絡, 開竅醒神, 解毒消腫하는작용을한다 101). 脫髮치료시엔阿是穴에點刺出血하는방법이多用되었다. 皮膚鍼療法은여러개의짧은鍼을특정부위들혹은지점의피부천층에같이刺入 ( 淺刺 ) 하고두드리는시술이다 102). 皮膚鍼은언제나등을시술의주요부위로삼는데, 그이유는등에는督脈과膀胱經이위치하여, 督脈은陽脈의綱이고, 膀胱經에는臟腑의背兪穴이있으므로인체의기능을조절할수있기때문이다 46). 脫髮의皮膚鍼치료의多用穴位를살펴보면脫髮局部 ( 阿是穴 ) 가가장많이사용되었고頸部夾脊部位, 百會ㆍ風池등이사용되었다. 埋線療法은穴位埋藏療法중의하나로穴位, 經筋, 經皮, 經絡또는통증과질병을일으키는부위에異物을매입함으로써穴位에지속적인자극을주어질병을치료하는요법이다 46). 이鍼法은기능뿐아니라구조인形을변화시킬수있는鍼法인점에서더욱의의가있다 103). 穴位는阿是穴을사용하였다. 藥鍼療法은鍼灸療法과藥物療法을결합한新鍼療法의일종으로서 104), 刺鍼과약물의효능을이용해생체의기능을조 절하고병리상태를개선시켜질병을치료하는방법이다 46). 한편중국에서는 水鍼療法 또는 穴位注射療法 이라하여시술되고있는데 46), Choi et al 105) 이考察한水鍼療法에대한논의를종합하여볼때藥鍼療法, 穴位注射療法, 水鍼療法은위에서서술한대로동일한치료법을지칭한다고볼수있다. 藥鍼療法의多用穴은風池ㆍ曲池ㆍ膈兪ㆍ心兪ㆍ肺兪ㆍ脾兪ㆍ腎兪ㆍ足三里ㆍ肝兪등이었다. 頭鍼療法은한의학의刺鍼방법을서양의학의대뇌피질구의기능과연관시켜두피의상응부위에刺鍼하여질병을치료하는방법이다 46). 頭部를순행하는經絡과頭皮部를통과하는經脈간의交會와十二經別의연계, 그리고經筋의분포를볼때頭鍼療法의임상적효과의근거를유추해볼수있고 106), 脫髮의발병부위자체에시술하는鍼法이라는측면에서도효과를유추해볼수있겠다. 足運動區, 感覺區上 3/5 등의頭鍼穴들이사용되었다. 脫髮치료시多用되는穴들이인체내에서어떠한작용을하는지알아보기위하여鍼灸治療시이용되는빈도수가높은穴들을선정하여그穴들의穴性을조사하였다. 14 經脈의經穴의穴性은 大學經絡經穴學各論 107) 을기준으로하였고, 耳鍼療法시이용되는耳穴의穴性은 鍼灸醫學 46) 을기준으로하였다. 多用穴들의주된穴性들을살펴보면補血, 補肝腎, 熄風, 活血, 淸利濕熱등이었다. 脫髮의鍼灸治療경향을살펴보면우선斑禿局部 ( 阿是穴 ), 百會ㆍ頭維ㆍ上星그리고風池같은患處부위와頭部의穴이多用되는것으로보아환부혹은그주위에직접시행하는다양한鍼灸治療가두피부위에자극을주어발모를촉진하고脫髮을억제하는효과가있음을유추해볼수있다. 多用穴들을經絡的관점에서살펴보면소속經絡은足太陰脾經ㆍ足陽明胃經ㆍ足太陽膀胱經ㆍ任脈ㆍ督脈ㆍ足厥陰肝經ㆍ足少陽膽經ㆍ足少陰腎經등이었다. 개괄적으로보았을때우선足厥陰肝經과足少陽膽經은脫髮의病因중에風盛, 情志抑鬱등과연관이있다고사료되고, 足少陽膽經과督脈은經絡流注上頭部를통과하는것과관련이있고, 任脈과督脈은인체의전반적인기능조절과관련있다고생각된다. 또足太陰脾經ㆍ足陽明胃經은後天之本과연관성이높기때문에脫髮의病因중에氣血虛나혹은飮食傷으로인한脾胃濕熱과관련이있을것으로보인다. 그리고足太陽膀胱經의여러兪穴이각臟腑의盛衰를조절해주는것, 특히肝과腎의부족을보충해주는것과연관성이높고足少陰腎經은髮이腎과연관되어있으며, 腎水枯渴의病因과관련성이있다고사료된다. 經絡的관점에서나아가서經穴的관점으로살펴보면多用穴의穴性은脫髮의주요한病因들인血虛, 血熱, 瘀血, 腎水枯渴, 風盛, 七情傷 ( 情志抑鬱 ), 飮食傷 ( 濕熱之痰 ) 등과연관 50 http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2014048

脫髮의病因病機및鍼灸治療에관한문헌고찰 되어多用穴의選穴이유를짐작해볼수있다. 그리고血虛風盛, 氣滯血瘀, 血熱生風, 肝腎不足등의辨證別로配穴된穴들의穴性을살펴보면역시辨證분류와긴밀히연계됨을알수있다. 耳鍼多用穴의穴性도마찬가지로祛風, 補腎, 疏肝, 淸熱등이많이관찰되는데, 역시脫髮의病因과관련성이높다고볼수있다. 증상별로配穴한경우를살펴보면兩鬂脫髮시에는頭維를多用하였는데이는穴性보다鬢이足陽明胃經의순행노선부위에있는점을감안하여胃經에配屬된穴位이자鬢과가까운穴位인頭維를選穴했음을유추해볼수있다. 油脂過多시엔上星을多用하였는데頭部의정중앙을순행하는督脈에배속된穴이자患處의阿是穴개념과疏散風熱하는穴性때문에선택했을것이라고유추해볼수있다. 2000년이후에국내한의학학술지에발표된脫髮치료시에鍼灸治療가중요한비중을차지한임상및실험연구들을살펴본결과, 우선임상연구를보면 Jeon et al 87), Hwang et al 89), Lee et al 94) 은百會ㆍ神庭ㆍ上星ㆍ頭維ㆍ風池ㆍ四神總ㆍ足三里등의穴을이용하여기본鍼法단독으로脫髮의鍼灸治療를시행하였고, Lee et al 90) 은蜂毒을이용한藥鍼療法단독으로鍼灸治療를시행하였으며, Yun et al 88), Lee et al 91), Ju et al 92), Lee et al 93) 은藥鍼療法, 體鍼療法, 刺絡療法등을혼용하여鍼灸治療를시행하였다. 종합하면현대임상에서新鍼療法중의하나인藥鍼 ( 水鍼 ) 療法이중요하게활용되는것을볼수있으며阿是穴 ( 脫髮局部 ) 에대한치료의빈도수가높은것을볼수있다. 그리고문헌들에서빈도가높게언급되었던百會ㆍ神庭ㆍ上星ㆍ頭維ㆍ風池등의穴이임상에서도多用되었다. 치료결과를살펴보면원형탈모증환자의호전정도가다른脫髮證에비해상대적으로높은편이었다. 脫髮관련실험연구를살펴보면각각梅花鍼, 灸, 蜂毒藥鍼그리고鹿茸藥鍼이발모관련인자들에미치는영향에관하여실험하였다. Kim et al 95,96) 은 2번의실험연구에서蜂毒藥鍼療法과灸療法과梅花鍼療法을, Lee et al 97) 은鹿茸藥鍼療法을각각실험군의患處 ( 脫髮局部 ) 에직접치료하는방식으로이들요법의발모효과에대해알아보았다. 결과를살펴보면실험군의모낭의성장주기내여러가지성장인자, 효소및수용체의과발현을야기하여발모를촉진시킬것으로사료되는연구결과가나와梅花鍼, 灸, 그리고각종藥鍼등의鍼灸治療가脫髮치료에유용하게응용될수있음을알수있었다. 이상을종합해보면脫髮의病因病機는血虛, 血熱, 瘀血, 腎水枯渴, 風盛, 七情傷 ( 情志抑鬱 ), 飮食傷 ( 濕熱之痰 ) 등으로인한血熱生風, 氣滯血瘀, 氣血兩虛, 肝腎不足, 脾胃濕熱등으로볼수있고, 이에따른鍼灸治療는辨證하여疏風, 熄風시 키는百會ㆍ風池ㆍ上星ㆍ大椎ㆍ血海ㆍ太衝ㆍ曲池등과補腎, 益腎시키는氣海ㆍ關元ㆍ三陰交ㆍ太谿ㆍ腎兪등과活血시키는氣海ㆍ血海ㆍ膈兪등과補血, 益血시키는三陰交ㆍ膈兪ㆍ脾兪등과淸熱시키는曲池ㆍ大椎ㆍ太衝등을사용하였다. 그리고阿是穴 ( 脫髮局部 ) 사용을통한患處를직접자극시키는방법으로脫髮을치료하였고藥鍼療法과같은新鍼療法이多用되었다. 본논문을통해脫髮의病因病機에따른鍼灸治療의연관성에대하여살펴보았다. 하지만현대의연구조사에서국내의임상및실험연구만을참고하였기때문에향후에중국을비롯한다른여러나라들의자료를조사하는등의폭넓은연구가필요하다고사료된다. 더나아가각종문헌과실험및연구자료의고찰을기반으로하여脫髮鍼灸治療의임상적연구발전에힘써야할것이다. Ⅴ. 결론 문헌을통하여脫髮의病因病機및鍼灸治療에대해考察한결과다음과같은결론을얻었다. 1. 脫髮은정상적으로모발이존재해야할부위에모발이탈락되는상태이다. 2. 한의학에서는髮墮, 髮落, 脫髮, 禿落등이일반적인脫髮증상을나타내고鬼剃頭, 鬼舐頭, 斑禿, 油風등이원형탈모증의범주로분류되며髮蛛脫髮은지루성탈모증으로분류된다. 白禿瘡, 白禿, 赤禿, 禿瘡, 頭白禿등은頭皮에나타나는피부병의일종으로脫髮증상을동반하는질환이다. 3. 脫髮의주요한病因으로血虛, 血熱, 瘀血, 腎水枯渴, 風盛, 七情傷, 飮食傷등이있고, 그에따른辨證은血熱生風, 氣滯血瘀, 氣血兩虛, 肝腎不足, 脾胃濕熱등이있다. 4. 脫髮의鍼灸治療에多用된經絡은督脈ㆍ任脈ㆍ足厥陰肝經ㆍ足少陽膽經ㆍ足太陰脾經ㆍ足陽明胃經ㆍ足太陽膀胱經ㆍ足少陰腎經등이었고, 多用된穴位는百會ㆍ風池ㆍ足三里ㆍ三陰交ㆍ血海ㆍ膈兪ㆍ肝兪ㆍ腎兪ㆍ上星ㆍ大椎ㆍ氣海ㆍ頭維ㆍ太谿ㆍ太衝ㆍ神門ㆍ曲池ㆍ四神聰ㆍ阿是穴등이었다. 이穴들은補血, 補肝腎, 熄風, 活血, 淸利濕熱하는穴性이있어脫髮의病因病機와관련성이높았다. 5. 脫髮의新鍼療法으로藥鍼 ( 水鍼 ) 療法, 耳鍼, 皮膚鍼, 埋線療法, 頭鍼療法등이사용되었다. 현재의실험및임상연구에서는藥鍼療法이많이사용되었고, 穴位는 http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2015018 51

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The Acupuncture Vol. 32 No. 2 June 2015 Appendix 1. The Nature of Frequently Used Acupoints Acupoint Meridian Nature of Acupoint GV 20 Governor vessel Extinguish wind and open the orifices, upraise the middle qi, disperse wind & pathogen GV 23 Governor vessel Clear head & eyes, open the nostrils, extinguish wind and relieve fright GV 14 CV 6 CV 17 CV 4 SP 6 SP 10 ST 36 ST 8 BL 23 BL 17 BL 18 BL 20 BL 15 KI 3 Governor vessel Conception vessel Conception vessel Conception vessel Spleen meridian Spleen meridian Stomach meridian Stomach meridian Bladder meridian Bladder meridian Bladder meridian Bladder meridian Bladder meridian Kidney meridian Disperse wind and release the exterior, tonify deficiency, extinguish wind and tranquilize, unblock the meridian and activate collaterals Tonify the kidney and qi, activate blood to regulate menstruation, fortify the spleen and drain the intestines Move qi to soothe the chest, tranquilize and remove vexation, eliminate stasis and expel pus Strengthen the kidney & root, fortify the spleen and check diarrhea, tonify qi & control the blood, clear heat and drain dampness Fortify the spleen, tonify qi and replenish blood, resolve stasis and dissipate binds, tonify the liver and kidney, replenish the essence and blood Cool the blood to stop bleeding, regulate qi and activate blood, dispel wind to relieve itching, fortify the spleen and harmonize the stomach, regulate qi and direct qi downward, dispel wind-dampness, unblock the meridian Reinforce the healthy qi, fortify the spleen and stomach, diffuse and relax qi movement, induce diuresis to dispel dampness, resolve phlegm to suppress cough, settle fright and tranquilize, relax sinews and activate collaterals to relieve pain Clear the head and eyes, free the collateral vessels and extinguish wind, disperse wind-heat Tonify the kidney yin, warm the kidney and invigorate yang, replenish the kidney to sharpen the ear, warm the kidney and fortify the spleen, induce diuresis to dispel dampness, tonify the kidney to promote qi absorption suppress cough and calm panting, tonify the liver and kidney, strengthen the lumbar vertebrae, stop bleeding to enrich yin Activate the blood to stop bleeding and tonify the blood, soothe the middle to harmonize the stomach, diffuse the lung to suppress cough, nourish yin to remove heat, free the collateral vessels to relieve pain Soothe the liver to release depression, promote the discharge of bile to relieve jaundice, emolliate the liver to fotify the sinew and to improve vision, discharge the liver heat to stop bleeding, pacify the liver and extinguish wind, relax sinews and activate collaterals Replenish qi and nourish blood, fortify the spleen and harmonize the stomach, free the collateral vessels to relieve pain Nourish the heart to tranquilize, free and move the heart vessel, diffuse the lung to resolve phlegm Nourish yin to downbear fire, fortify the original of kidney, fortify both yin and yang, fortify the spleen to relieve icterus, promote qi absorption to calm panting LR 3 Liver meridian Pacify the lver and extinguish wind, activate blood to regulate menstruation, clear and soothe dampness-heat, fortify the spleen and harmonize the stomach, activate collaterals to relieve pain GB 20 Gallbladder Dispel wind to release the exterior, clear the head to soothe the orifices, 56 http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2014048

脫髮의病因病機및鍼灸治療에관한문헌고찰 HT 7 PC 6 LI 11 meridian Heart meridian Pericardium meridian Large intestine meridian extinguish wind to free the collateral vessels Nourish the heart to tranquilize, regulate qi and activate blood, eliminate stasis to relieve pain, cool the blood to stop bleeding, clear heat to soothe the throat, relax sinews to relieve pain Quiet the heart to tranquilize, move qi to soothe the chest, down bear counterflow to harmonize the stomach, dispel wind to free the collateral vessels Extinguish wind and release the exterior, clear heat and detoxicate, clear the intestines and stomach's dampness-heat, reinforce and tonify the healthy qi, harmonize qi and blood, settle fright and tranquilize, dispel wind-dampness, free the collateral vessels to relieve pain EX-HN 1 Extra point Settle fright and tranquilize, nourish the blood and fortify the brain, resolve phlegm toopen the orifices EX-HN 14 Extra point Improve vision, clear the head and tranquilize Appendix 2. The Nature of Frequently Used Ear-acupoints Ear-acupoint Kidney Endocrine Lung Adrenal gland Cerebral cortex Liver Sympathy (ear)shinmun Spleen Back of the head Nature of acupoint Replenish the kidney to down bear fire, strengthen the lumbar region and invigorate bone Clear heat and detoxify, dispel wind to relieve the itch, eliminate dampness to relieve pain Diffuse the lung to calm panting and to soothe qi Restore yang to save from collapse, dispel wind to relieve pain, clear heat and detoxify Open the orifices, tranquilize by heavy settling, restore yang to save from collapse Soothe the liver and drain the bile, clear the head to improve vision Settle fright and tranquilize, settle pain and arrest convulsions, control the autonomic nerve Open the orifices, tranquilize by heavy settling, clear heat and detoxify, dispel stasis to relieve pain Fortify the spleen and harmonize the stomach, tonify the middle and replenish qi Pacify the liver and extinguish wind, tranquilize by heavy settling http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2015018 57