The Effect of Acute Active PC-Video Game on the Upper Extremity of Adolescents Dong-soo Kim, Jae-Hu Jung, & Woen-sik Chae* Kyungpook National University

Fig. 1. The locations of reflective markers Table 1. Definition of the joint angle Joint Distal interphalangeal (DIP) Proximal interphalangeal (PIP) Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) Carpometacarpal (CMC) Distal Distal Phalanx Middle phalanx Proximal phalanx Link Proximal Middle phalanx Proximal phalanx Metacarpal Movement Analysis Metacarpal Radius RF/UF Ω

Table 2. Electrode placements Muscle Upper Trapezius (UT) Extensor Digitorum (ED) Extensor Carpi Ulnaris (ECU) Extensor Carpi Radialis (ECR) Electrode placement Along the ridge of the shoulder, slightly lateral to and one half the distance between the cervical spine at C-7 and the acromion Palpate the middle of the forearm approximately three quarters of the distance between the elbow and the wrist while the patient extend their fingers Palpate the ulnar side of arm a few cm below the elbow Palpate the muscle mass approximately 5cm distal from the lateral epicondyle Maximum Isometric contraction Shoulder elevation Wrist extension Ulnar deviation Radial deviation Fig 2. Motion analysis and EMG recording

m ax Table 3. Angular displacement during the task1 DIP PIP 2nd MCP CMC Joint PRE POST Flex 154.3±6.8 152.9±7.0 Ext 172.8±5.8 173.4±4.8 Flex 144.0±8.1 143.0±8.0 Ext 164.3±7.9 165.9±7.0 Flex 143.6±5.5 143.6±6.9 Ext 158.4±7.3 158.5±6.4 RF 4.1±0.5 4.7±2.0 UF 4.5±1.7 4.8±1.4 (deg) Table 4. Angular displacement during the task2 DIP PIP 3rd MCP CMC Joint PRE POST Flex 158.3±8.4 157.0±7.8 Ext 140.4±9.5 137.3±8.3 Flex 151.4±7.3 152.2±5.9 Ext 3.9±1.7 4.0±0.7 Flex 173.9±6.5 174.3±5.4 Ext 153.6±9.6 153.2±10.4 RF 160.9±7.4 163.0±6.1 UF 5.4±1.3 5.0±1.4 (deg) Table 5. Angular displacement during the task3 (deg) Joint PRE POST DIP Flex 154.3±6.8 152.9±7.0 Ext 172.8±5.8 173.4±4.8 PIP Flex 144.0±8.1 143.0±8.0 Ext 164.3±7.9 165.9±7.0 2nd MCP Flex 143.6±5.5 143.6±6.9 Ext 158.4±7.3 158.5±6.4

Table 6. Angular velocity Parameter Joint PRE POST Maximum velocity ( /s) Task1 Task2 Task3 2nd MCP CMC 2nd MCP CMC DIP PIP 2nd MCP RF/UF RF/UF 313.0 ±143.0 163.4 ±104.3 196.0 ±68.9 163.4 ±14.3 411.9 ±132.2 498.4 ±56.3 238.2 ±80.5 (deg/s) 391.9 ±230.4 220.6 ±110.6 237.5 ±20.7 220.6 ±10.6 528.0 ±283.0 539.3 ±119.8 202.9 ±66.8 Table 7. Average & Maximum IEMG during the task1 (%MVIC) Muscle Average IEMG Peak IEMG PRE POST PRE POST UT 3.8±1.9 4.2±1.5 8.6±3.4 8.6±2.5 ED 5.5±2.4 5.9±2.3 14.1±6.9 15.0±6.8 ECU 8.1±3.3 8.8±3.1 17.6±7.2 20.6±3.9 ECR 2.0±0.9 2.1±1.0 5.4±1.3 5.7±2.0 Table 8. Average & Maximum IEMG during the task2 (%MVIC) Muscle Average IEMG Peak IEMG PRE POST PRE POST UT 3.9±1.8 3.6±1.2 8.0±3.4 7.8±3.7 ED 6.2±2.4 6.7±2.9 20.1±10.1* 22.6±11.1* ECU 8.1±3.1 8.3±3.0 18.6±6.5 17.9±5.8 ECR 1.7±0.8 2.0±0.5 5.0±2.3 5.2±1.4 < Table 9. Average & Maximum IEMG during the task3 (%MVIC) Muscle Average IEMG Peak IEMG PRE POST PRE POST UT 4.9±1.6* 3.7±1.4* 9.9±2.7 8.8±2.5 ED 5.8±2.7 6.0±2.4 15.9±3.8 17.8±5.9 ECU 6.6±2.8 6.6±2.6 14.4±1.6 12.6±2.7 ECR 1.8±0.3 2.1±0.5 5.8±3.4 7.0±1.4 <

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