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1 2014 년 7 월전자공학회논문지제 51 권제 7 호 Journal of The Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers Vol. 51, NO. 7, July 논문 VHF 대역통신신호에서 TDOA/FDOA 정보추출을위한 순차추정알고리즘 (A Sequential Estimation Algorithm for TDOA/FDOA Extraction for VHF Communication Signals ) 김동규 *, 김용희 **, 박진오 ***, 이문석 ***, 박영미 ****, 김형남 ** * (Dong-Gyu Kim, Yong-Hee Kim, Jin-Oh Park, Moon Seok Lee, Young-Mi Park, and Hyoung-Nam Kim c ) 요 약 최근전자전지원시스템분야에서는 TDOA(time difference of arrival) 와 FDOA(frequency difference of arrival) 정보를활용한고정밀위치추정방법에대한연구가활발히진행되고있다. TDOA/FDOA 위치추정시스템은 TDOA 와 FDOA 정보를추출하는단계와추출한정보로부터신호원의위치를추정하는두단계로나뉘며, 정보추출단계에서보편적으로사용하는알고리즘으로 CAF(complex ambiguity function) 기반방법이알려져있다. 하지만기존의 CAF 기반알고리즘은 VHF 대역의통신신호로부터 TDOA 및 FDOA 정보를추출하는경우, 많은연산량으로인해제한된시간에처리하기어려운단점이있다. 따라서본논문에서는통신신호기반 TDOA/FDOA 정보추출을연산량측면에서효율적으로수행하기위해개선된 CAF 기반순차추정알고리즘을제안하고, 기존 CAF 기반알고리즘과연산량을비교분석한다. 또한제안한알고리즘의추출성능을검증하기위해 CRLB(Cramer-Lao lower bound) 를이용해유도된이론적한계성능과비교분석한다. Abstract In modern electronic warfare systems, a demand on the more accurate estimation method based on TDOA and FDOA has been increased. TDOA/FDOA localization consists of two-stage procedures; the extraction of information from signals, and the estimation of emitter location. CAF(complex ambiguity function) is known as a basic method in the extraction stage. However, when we extract TDOA and FDOA information from VHF(very high frequency) communication signals, conventional CAF algorithms may not work within a permitted time because of much computation. Therefore, in this paper, an improved sequential estimation algorithm based on CAF is proposed for effective calculation of extracting TDOA and FDOA estimates in terms of computational complexity. The proposed method is compared with the conventional CAF-based algorithms through simulation. In addition, we derive the optimal performance based on the CRLB(Cramer-Lao lower bound) to check the extraction performance of the proposed method. Keywords : TDOA, FDOA, electronic warfare, CAF * 학생회원, ** 정회원, 부산대학교전자전기컴퓨터공학과 (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pusan National University) *** 정회원, LIG넥스원 (LIG nex1) **** 정회원, 국방과학연구소 (Agency for Defense Development) c Corresponding Author( hnkim@pusan.ac.kr) 본논문은 2012년국방과학연구소의 미상신호위치탐지및추적장치 에대한연구용역으로지원되었음. 접수일자 : 2014년04월03일, 수정일자 : 2014년06월15일, 수정완료 : 2014년06월30일 (1486)
2 2014 년 7 월전자공학회논문지제 51 권제 7 호 61 Journal of The Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers Vol. 51, NO. 7, July 2014 Ⅰ. 서론시간지연 (time delay) 및도플러 (Doppler shift) 정보를이용한위치추정에관한연구는전자전시스템, 레이더및소나시스템, 위성시스템에이르기까지다양한응용분야에적용되는핵심주제이다 [1~3]. 시간지연및도플러정보를동시에추정하는방법은송신신호와수신신호또는두수신신호의상관관계를활용하는 CAF(complex ambiguity function) 기반의다양한알고리즘이제안되었다 [4~5]. 특히, 최근전자전지원시스템에서는미상신호원의고정밀위치추정에대한필요성이증가됨에따라기존의도래각정보가아닌두수신단에서측정된수신신호의도착시간차이정보인 TDOA (time difference of arrival) 와도플러주파수차이인 FDOA (frequency difference of arrival) 와같은이차 (quadratic) 정보를이용하는방법에관한연구가활발하게진행되고있으며, TDOA와 FDOA의정보를추출하는방법으로기존의 CAF 알고리즘을이용하고있다 [6]. TDOA 및 FDOA 동시추정을위한 CAF는식 (1) 과같이정의된다. (1) 여기서 * 는복소공액 (complex conjugate) 이며, 수집시간 초동안의복소신호 (complex signal) 와 를이용하여 CAF의절대값, 가최대가되는시간이동 와주파수이동 로부터 TDOA 와 FDOA 값을추출한다. 즉, 복소신호 와시간이동및주파수이동을수행한 간의상관관계가가장높을때의파라미터값이 TDOA/FDOA 정보의추정치가된다. CAF를기반으로하는알고리즘중에서가장기초적인 brute-force 알고리즘은고려하는모든시간이동및주파수이동에대하여식 (1) 의 CAF 연산을수행한뒤전수조사를수행하여최댓값을찾는방법이다 [7]. Brute-force 방법은설정하는시간이동및주파수이동의간격에따라정확도가변하게되므로해상도설정값에따라성능이좋아지는반면에, 연산량이늘어나게되는단점이있다. 이러한 brute-force 방법의단점을극복하기위하여 참고문헌 [4] 에서는 decimation과동일한효과를바탕으로주파수해상도를유지하여정확도는 brute-force 와동일하면서도주파수축연산량을줄일수있는방법이제안되었다. 이러한방법은식 (1) 의변형을통해도출이가능하며, 본논문에서제안하는알고리즘의기초가되므로 Ⅲ장에서상세하게설명한다. 상기의방법외에도상관잡음을고려한환경에서고차통계치를이용한방법 [8], 광대역신호를고려한방법 [9] 및다중경로채널을고려하는방법 [10] 등의현실적환경을적용한알고리즘에대한연구도진행되었다. 이처럼 CAF 기반알고리즘과관련하여연산량감소혹은정확도를향상시키기위한다양한연구가수행되고있다. 본논문에서고려하는전자전환경의 VHF 대역통신신호의경우, L 대역 (1GHz~2GHz), S 대역 (2GHz~ 4GHz) 또는그이상의주파수를사용하는레이더신호에비해도플러주파수가상대적으로작은값으로발생한다. 또한, 신호스펙트럼의대역폭이좁은특성을가지므로식 (1) 에의한 CAF는시간축으로넓고주파수축으로좁은특성을가진다. 이러한환경에서, 수집시간이짧은경우에는주파수축샘플간의간격이 FDOA 값보다커지므로주파수영역의연산이무의미해진다. 그러므로 zero padding 과정을통해주파수해상도를높이는과정이반드시필요하게되는데, 이로인해연산량이증가하는문제를수반한다. 따라서본논문에서는 VHF 대역통신신호에서 TDOA/FDOA를추출하는환경에서연산량을최소화하기위하여기존의 CAF 기반동시추정알고리즘이아닌 TDOA/FDOA 순차추정알고리즘을제안한다. 이때, 주파수축연산시에참고문헌 [4] 에서제안된 fine-mode 알고리즘을도입한다. 또한, CRLB (Cramer-Lao lower bound) 분석을통해얻어진이론적한계값을알고리즘의결과와비교분석한다. 본논문의구성은다음과같다. II장에서수신신호및 TDOA/FDOA의모델을설명하고, CRLB를이용하여추출성능의한계를유도한다. III장에서는제안된알고리즘의기본이되는 fine-mode 알고리즘을소개하고, 연산량의비효율성을분석하여제시한다. IV장에서는본논문에서제안하는 TDOA/FDOA 순차추출알고리즘에대해자세히설명하며, V장에서모의실험을통해제안한알고리즘과기존알고리즘의연산량비교 (1487)
3 62 VHF 대역통신신호에서 TDOA/FDOA 정보추출을위한순차추정알고리즘김동규외 및 CRLB를통한한계성능의분석으로제안한알고리즘의성능을검증한다. 마지막으로 Ⅵ장에서본논문의결론을맺는다. Ⅱ. 수신신호모델링및 CRLB 본장에서는수신신호및추정해야할파라미터인 TDOA/FDOA를모델링하고추출알고리즘의한계성능을분석하기위해 TDOA 및 FDOA에대한 CRLB를유도한다. 2.1 수신신호모델링미상신호원으로부터방사되는신호 는공간상으로전파되어두수신단에도달하게된다. 이때, 도플러주파수및시간지연이포함된복소수신신호 와 는식 (2) 와식 (3) 과같이정의된다. (2) (3) 여기서 과 는전파감쇄, 과 는미상신호의전파시점으로부터각수신단에도착한시간, 과 는각수신단에서의도플러주파수이며, 와 는백색가우시안잡음으로가정한다. TDOA/FDOA를이용한위치추정시스템은식 (2) 와식 (3) 을이용하여식 (4) 와식 (5) 로정의되는 TDOA 및 FDOA 정보를추출한다. (4) (5) 2.2. TDOA 및 FDOA 의 CRLB 신호모델에대한파라미터의추출한계성능을이론적으로분석하기위해서는 FI (Fisher Information) 의역수로정의되는 CRLB를이용한다. 이때, FI는관측모델에포함된추정파라미터에대한정보의총량을의미하며식 (6) 과같다 [11]. I ln (6) 식 (6) 의 는추정해야할파라미터, 은샘플링된측정치, 는수신신호의확률밀도함수이다. 잡음이백색가우시안인경우의 에대한 FI는식 (7) 과같이유도된다 [11]. I (7) 여기서 은잡음의분산이다. 도착시간차이 및도플러주파수차이 를추정파라미터 에적용하 면 FI 의역수인 TDOA 의 CRLB 이식 (8) 및식 (9) 와같이유도된다 [4, 12]. 과 FDOA 의 CRLB (8) (9) 여기서 는수신기의잡음대역폭, 는수집시간, 는 rms (root mean square) 대역폭, 는 rms 수집시간이며 는 effective SNR로식 (10) 과같다 [4]. (10) 여기서 과 는수신단 1 및수신단 2에서의 SNR이다. 식 (8) 과식 (9) 로부터신호및각파라미터에따른추출성능의이론적한계값을구할수있으며, 이를바탕으로알고리즘성능과이론값간의비교분석이가능하다. Ⅲ. 기존 CAF 기반알고리즘 본장에서는본논문에서제안하는알고리즘의기초가되는 fine-mode 알고리즘을유도하고주요파라미 (1488)
4 2014 년 7 월전자공학회논문지제 51 권제 7 호 63 Journal of The Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers Vol. 51, NO. 7, July 2014 터및설계조건에대해설명한다. 샘플링시간 로샘플링 (sampling) 된이산신호에대해식 (1) 의 CAF를변경하여적용하면다음식 (11) 과같이된다. exp (11) 식 (11) 은 Ⅰ 장에서소개한 brute-force 알고리즘으로, 는추출을수행할때고려하는 의개수이다. 이때, 을한블록당 개의샘플을가지는 개의블록으로나누고 에 를대입하면식 (12) 가유도된다 [4]. exp (12) 여기서 는식 (13) 과같이정의된다. (13) 식 (12) 는그림 1과같이식 (13) 의결과로이루어진샘플열을 K개의블록으로나누고, 각각의블록안의 개의샘플들을더해서출력된 K개의샘플을입력으로 FFT를수행하여구현할수있다 [7]. 따라서 은 decimation factor와유사한효과를내므로식 (11) 에비해서주파수영역연산을효율적으로수행할수있다. 하지만 decimation 효과로인해주파수영역의모양 이주파수축의양방향으로 배만큼넓어지게되므로 aliasing이발생하지않기위한제약조건으로샘플링주파수 와다음관계식 (14) 를만족해야한다. max (14) 여기서 max 는예상되는최대 FDOA다. Ⅳ. TDOA/FDOA 추출을위한순차추정알고리즘본장에서는 VHF 대역통신신호에대하여 TDOA/FDOA를추출할경우, 기존 CAF 기반알고리즘이연산량측면에서비효율적임을보이고이를개선하기위한순차추정알고리즘을제안한다. 두수신기가그림 2와같이일직선상에서동일한방향으로 1mach의속도로이동하는전자전환경에서 VHF 대역의통신신호를적용하면극단적인경우 ( 미상신호원이그림 2의 (a) 에위치하는경우 ) 에 FDOA 는최대약 600Hz까지발생할수있다. 하지만미상신호원이두수신단에서원거리에있는대부분의현실적인상황 ( 미상신호원이그림 2의 (b) 에위치하는경우 ) 에서는수 Hz에서수십 Hz의 FDOA가발생한다. 이때, 수집시간은 TDOA 혹은 FDOA 정보가시간에따라변하지않는짧은구간이어야한다. 이러한조건 그림 1. Stein's fine-mode 알고리즘을이용한 CAF 계산. Fig. 1. Computation of CAF using Stein's fine-mode algorithm. (1489)
5 64 VHF 대역통신신호에서 TDOA/FDOA 정보추출을위한순차추정알고리즘김동규외 그림 2. 수신기 ( 삼각형 ) 및신호원 ( 원 ) 의기하학적배치. Fig. 2. Deployment of sensors(triangular) & unknown emitter(circular). 그림 4. Fine-mode 알고리즘에의한 CAF 의주파수축. Fig. 4. Frequency axis of CAF by fine-mode algorithm. 그림 3. Fine-mode 알고리즘에의한 CAF. Fig. 3. CAF by fine-mode algorithm. 을만족시키는수집시간 5ms에대하여 zero padding 과같은선처리가없을경우에주파수해상도는 200Hz 가된다. 따라서 FDOA가수 ~ 수십 Hz일때, 식 (12) 에의한 CAF는그림 3과같고그림 3에대한주파수축단면인그림 4에서해상도가 200Hz인것을확인할수있다. 이때, FDOA는주파수해상도보다작은값을가지므로 CAF는 0Hz에서최댓값이출력되는것을알수있고이는주파수축연산이무의미한것을의미한다. 그러므로주파수축해상도를높이기위해서는반드시 zero padding이수행되어야하며그림 3에서나타나는 CAF의주파수영역전체에대하여 zero padding을수행할경우, 연산량의급격한증가가불가피하다. 따라서추정정확도를유지하면서연산량을감소시키기위해 CAF 기반순차추정알고리즘을다음 그림 5. 순차추정알고리즘의단계. Fig. 5. The step of sequential estimation algorithm. 과같이제안한다. 먼저, 식 (1) 에 를 0으로두고연산을하면상호상관 (cross correlation) 과동일한식이되며 CAF를위에서본단면인그림 5의 step 1 부분을연산한것과같다. 여기서상호상관이최대가되는시간지연값을찾음으로써 TDOA와유사한값을추출할수있으며, 그림 5의 step 2와같이추출한 TDOA를식 (12) 에적용하여 zero padding을포함한연산을수행하여출력값이최대가되는주파수값을 FDOA로추정한다. 추정된 FDOA는다시식 (1) 의 에적용하여새로운 TDOA 값을추출하며, TDOA 혹은 FDOA 추출값이이전값과현재값이동일할때까지 step 1과 step 2를반복적으로수행한다. 이러한과정을통해추출된 TDOA와 FDOA는설정한해상도보다높은정확도를 (1490)
6 2014 년 7 월전자공학회논문지제 51 권제 7 호 65 Journal of The Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers Vol. 51, NO. 7, July 2014 그림 6. CAF 기반순차추정알고리즘의블록다이어그램. Fig. 6. Block diagram of sequential estimation algorithm based on CAF. 위해 Jacobsen interpolation [13] 을수행하여최종 TDOA FDOA를추출한다. 이러한알고리즘의과정을그림 6 에블록도로나타내었다. Ⅴ. 모의실험결과본장에서는 IV장에서제안한순차추정알고리즘의연산량과기존 CAF 기반알고리즘의연산량을그래프를통해비교하고 III장에서 CRLB를이용해유도한 TDOA 및 FDOA 추출한계성능을바탕으로알고리즘의추출성능을검증및분석한다. 5.1 각알고리즘에대한연산량비교표 1은 brute-force, fine-mode, 그리고제안된알고리즘의연산량을나타낸것이다. 이때, fine-mode 와제안한알고리즘에서 () 는 zero padding 후의샘플수와대응되며, 는제안된순차추정알고리즘의수렴까지수행되는반복횟수이다. Brute-force 방법의연산량은정의식 (11) 의한지점을연산할때, 번의곱셈이필요하고시간축 개와 표 1. 각알고리즘에대한연산량. Table 1. The number of operations of each algorithms. Algorithm Brute-force fine-mode proposed method The number of operations 주파수축 개의지점모두를연산해야하므로 와같고 fine-mode 는주파수축의 () 샘플을 FFT 로수행하므로 log 의연산량을가진다. 제안하는알고리즘은 fine-mode에서전수조사를수행하지않고, 시간축을연산한후에주파수축을연산하므로각각을더한관계식으로이루어지며, 수렴까지의반복횟수 가추가된식으로이루어진다. 연산량계산을위한모의실험수행시, 샘플링주파수는 160MHz를사용하였고, 수집시간을 5ms로설정했으므로총샘플의수 은 800,000개가된다. 또한, 수신단간거리를 25km로설정하면 은식 (15) 에의해 (1491)
7 66 VHF 대역통신신호에서 TDOA/FDOA 정보추출을위한순차추정알고리즘김동규외 알고리즘은 에관계없이두알고리즘에비해연산량이적은것을확인할수있다. 그림 7. 변수 에대한각알고리즘별연산량. Fig. 7. The number of operations of each algorithms by parameter. 5.2 제안한알고리즘의성능및 CRLB 본절에서는제안한순차추정알고리즘의 SNR 대비성능을분석하고, CRLB를이용한추출한계성능을통해이를검증한다. 샘플링주파수와수집시간은 V.1절과동일한 160MHz 및 5ms를이용하였으며, 4PSK, 16QAM 기저대역변조신호를적용하였다. 이때, 심볼률 (symbol rate) 은 40kHz를사용하였고, roll-off factor가 0인이상적인 shaping filter를적용하였으며, 실제 TDOA 및 FDOA는 us, Hz로가정하였다. 그림 9는 그림 8. 변수 에대한각알고리즘별연산량. Fig. 8. The number of operations of each algorithm by parameter. 그림 9. 제안한알고리즘의 TDOA 추정성능및 CRLB. Fig. 9. Performance of TDOA estimation and CRLB for proposed method. 12,800 이된다. (15) 여기서 은수신단간거리이고, 는전파속도다. 이때, 그림 7은 이 5,000 일때, 에대한각알고리즘의연산량을도시한것으로 brute-force 방법과 fine-mode 방법에비해제안한알고리즘의연산량이각각 10 5 배, 10 3 배이상으로확연하게적은것을확인할수있다. 그림 8은 를샘플수 의다섯배로설정하고 에대한연산량을비교한것으로 fine-mode 알고리즘은 이증가함에따라 brute-force 알고리즘에비해성능이향상되는것을확인할수있으며, 제안한 그림 10. 제안한알고리즘의 FDOA 추정성능및 CRLB. Fig. 10. Performance of FDOA estimation and CRLB for proposed method. (1492)
8 2014 년 7 월전자공학회논문지제 51 권제 7 호 67 Journal of The Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers Vol. 51, NO. 7, July 2014 각 SNR에대해 100회반복수행을하고 RMSE(root mean square error) 를구하여제안한알고리즘의 TDOA 성능을나타내었고식 (8) 에의한 TDOA의 CRLB도함께도시하였다. 이때, RMSE 및 CRLB는로그스케일을적용하여선형적으로감소하며, 25dB 이하에서제안한알고리즘의성능이한계성능과거의유사한것을확인할수있다. 그림 10은제안한알고리즘의 FDOA 성능과식 (9) 에의한 FDOA의 CRLB를나타낸것이며 TDOA 성능과마찬가지로 SNR에대한 RMSE 및 CRLB는로그스케일을적용하면선형적으로감소한다. 하지만 FDOA 추출성능의경우, TDOA에의한오차를수반하게되므로이론적성능에다소미치지못하는것을확인할수있다. Ⅵ. 결론 본논문에서는 TDOA/FDOA 정보추출에이용되는기존 CAF 기반알고리즘의연산량측면에서의비효율성을분석하고, 연산량을효과적으로줄일수있는순차추정알고리즘을제안하였다. 또한, 제안한알고리즘의성능은모의실험및 CRLB를이용하여유도한이론적한계성능과의비교분석을통해검증하였다. TDOA/FDOA 정보추출알고리즘의정확도는위치추정시스템의추정정밀도에영향을미치므로, 향후연구에서는제안된알고리즘에의해서추출된정보의정확도에따른위치추정성능과의상관관계에대한분석이필요할것으로보인다. REFERENCES [1] M. A. Richards, Fundamentals of Radar Signal Processing, McGraw-Hill, [2] T. Pattison and S. I. Chou, Sensitivity analysis of dual-satellite geolocation, IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. 36, no. 1, pp , Jan [3] Y.-H. Kim, D.-G. Kim, J.-W. Han, K.-H. Song, H.-N. Kim, Gauss-Newton based emitter location method using successive TDOA and FDOA measurements, J. IEEK, vol. 50, no. 7, pp , Jul [4] S. Stein, Algorithm for Ambiguity Function Processing, IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech, Signal Process., vol. ASSP-29, no. 3, pp , Aug [5] S. Stein, Differential delay/doppler ML estimation with unknown signals, IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 41, no. 8, pp , Jun [6] G. D. Hartwell, Improved geo-spatial resolution using a modified approach to the complex ambiguity function, Master's thesis, Naval Postgraduate School, [7] X. Hu Computing the Cross Ambiguity Function, Master's thesis, Dept. Electrical Engineering, Binghamton Univ., New York, [8] D. C. Shin and C. L. Nikias, Complex ambiguity functions using nonstationary higher order estimates, IEEE Trans. on Signal Process., vol. 43, no. 11, pp , Nov [9] R. J. Ulman and E. Geraniotis, Wideband TDOA/FDOA processing using summation of short-time CAF's, IEEE Trans. on Signal Process., vol. 47, no. 12, pp , Dec [10] Y.-C. Li, D. Oh, J.-H. Kim, J.-W. Chong and J.-D. Kim, A novel subspace-based joint TDOA and FDOA estimation using chirp signals for mobile multipath environment, International Symposium on Telecommunications (BIHTEL), Sarajevo, pp. 1-5, Oct [11] S. Kay, Fundamentals of Statistical Signal Processing, Volume 1, Estimation Theory, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, [12] P. Panek, Error analysis and bounds in time delay estimation, IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 55, no. 7, pp , Jul [13] E. Jacobsen and P. Kootsookos, Fast, accurate frequency estimators, IEEE Trans. Signal Process., Mag., vol. 24, pp , May (1493)
9 68 VHF 대역통신신호에서 TDOA/FDOA 정보추출을위한순차추정알고리즘김동규외 저자소개 김동규 ( 학생회원 ) 2011 년부산대학교전자전기통신공학부학사졸업 년 ~ 현재부산대학교전자전기컴퓨터공학과석박통합과정. < 주관심분야 : 통신및신호처리, 레이더및소나시스템 > 박진오 ( 정회원 ) 2004 년명지대학교전기정보제어공학과학사졸업 년한양대학교전자컴퓨터통신공학과석사졸업 년 현재 LIG 넥스원전자전연구센터선임연구원 < 주관심분야 : 전자전신호처리, 방향탐지 > 박영미 ( 정회원 ) 1991 년충남대학교전산과학사졸업 년충남대학교컴퓨터공학과석사졸업 년 현재국방과학연구소선임연구원 < 주관심분야 : 위치탐지, 신호처리 > 김용희 ( 정회원 ) 2007 년부산대학교전자전기정보컴퓨터공학부학사졸업 년부산대학교전자전기공학과석사졸업 년부산대학교전자전기컴퓨터공학과박사졸업 년 ~ 현재부산대학교전자전기컴퓨터공학과박사후연구원. < 주관심분야 : 통신및신호처리, 레이더및소나시스템, 신경디코딩 > 이문석 ( 정회원 ) 1997 년조선대학교제어계측공학과학사졸업 년아주대학교전자공학과석사졸업 년 2000 년 LG 정밀연구원 2005 년 현재 LIG 넥스원전자전연구센터수석연구원 < 주관심분야 : 전자전, 임베디드소프트웨어, 신호처리 > 김형남 ( 평생회원 )- 교신저자 1993 년포항공과대학교전자전기공학과학사졸업 년포항공과대학교전자전기공학과석사졸업 년포항공과대학교전자전기공학과박사졸업 년포항공과대학교전자컴퓨터공학부박사후연구원 년 ~2003 년한국전자통신연구원무선방송연구소선임연구원 년 ~2007 년부산대학교전자전기통신공학부조교수 년 ~2012 년부산대학교전자전기공학부부교수 년 ~ 현재부산대학교전자공학과교수. < 주관심분야 : 적응신호처리, 레이더및소나시스템, 생체신호처리, 디지털 TV, 디지털통신, OFDM 시스템 > (1494)
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