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1 3 12, 13 ABS 15 15 19 20 31 60 31 32 PVC 34 35, 37 38, 41 42 OECD 44 47 48 49 OECD 50 15 OECD (WPPPC) 52 57 59
59, 62 GM, 65 GMO WTO 67 69 70 WTO, 72 Seatt le, 73, WTO 74 Cliton, 5 75 EU, 79 Lamy, 80 Barshefsky, WTO 81 EU, 83 EU, PC 85 WTO (CTE) 89 EU 91 WTO 92 93 WTO 98 EU 15, 100 OECD 102 EU, 106 107, 22 109, DME 109 EU 110 DOE, 113
, 114, 115 EPA 115 117 119 121 123 127-128 EU 129 129 133 135 136 PET 137 138 139 140 141 142 PET 143 144 EU 144 EU 145 (renewables) 147, Thermal Recycle 147 / 148 PVC, 149
, 80% 150 1 10 5 151 153 OECD FAO WHO 155 156 157 159 162 ( ) 165 166 167 EU 5, WTO 169 169 171 172 EU, 174 176, 177 178 179 180 GM 182 183 185 (GM) 186 187 FDA, GM 188 189
192 21 194 195 196 196 198 198 200 201 203 207 209 CO2 210 210 211 2,100 214 216 217, CO2 219 220 30 222 Wallst rom, EU 223 224 226 227 228 234 234 236
238 4 240 21 241 242 243, 246 EU, 5 EU 248 249 IFC, 251 252 254 255 5 256 271 273 275-277 277 278 279 1 35 280 281 284 284 285 287 -, 289 290
EU-, 291 292? 294 295 EU 298 299 302 303 IS O 305 307,,, 307 ISO 9000 310 ISO 14001 311 313 315 316 318 chlorpyrifos 319 321 323 324
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U R 1 WT O 10 1 1 ( 1 9 9 9. 10. 1 5, 3 7, ), WT O 1 9 9 9 1 0 4 3 WT O WT O WT O (W o r k in g P a r t y o n B io t e c h n o lo g y ) WT O. 3 WT O (S t e e r in g B o d y ) 1. WT O WT O, (u n iq u e ). WT O, WT O WT O. WT O. (c le a r a n d t im e - lim it e d m a n d a t e )
S e a t t le 3 WT O.. ( 1 9 9 9. 10. 1 5, 3 7, ) C lit o n, 5 B ill Clin t o n 19 9 9 10 1 3,,, WT O Clin t o n 1 1 3 0 S e a t t le 3 : 5 :.,,, E U 5 0 %. 9 Au c k la n d AP E C S e a t t le : -, 1 5-2 5 %,,
-,,,,, - 8 (,,,,,,, ) (Acc e le r a t e d T a r iff Lib e r a liz a t io n Ag r e e m e n t ) -,.,.,,. 1 3 -. 1 9 9 8, WT O, ITA- 2-19 9 7 WT O (In fo r m a t ion Te c h n o log y Ag r e e m e n t : ITA), 6, S e a t t le ITA- 2
S e a t t le,, WT O - WT O (Wo r k in g Gr ou p o n T r a d e a n d La b o r ). (In t e r n a t ion a l La b o r Or g a n iz a t ion : ILO) ILO - ; WT O ; w in - w in ; WT O, WT O U N - WT O (NGO) 3, N G O WT O,,,
- 3 3 WT O. 3 3 16 G D P 6 1. - WT O,,, - WT O WT O,,. - WT O S e a t t le, - Clin t o n Afr ic a n Op p o r t u n it y a n d G r ow t h Ac t, Ca r ib b e a n B a s in In it ia t iv e, G S P -, 2 1 ( 1 9 9 9. 10. 1 5, 3 7, ) E U, Rom a n o Pr o d i Pa s c a l La m y 19 9 9 10 7 Br u s s e ls E U- Bu s in e s s Dia lo gu e Rou n d T a b le E U
P ro d i E U,,. E U,,.,. E U, 2 1 La my E U,,.,,. E U E U E U,., E U (Mu t u a l Re c o g n it io n Ag r e e m e n t o n T e s t in g a n d Ce r t ific a t io n ) E U,. E U., WT O, WT O,.,,, EU- Bus ine s s D ia lo g ue Ro und Ta b le
Prodi, La my, Erkki Liika ne n, EU 45., ; ; ; ;,. Sociate Ge ne ra le de Be lgique ( 1 9 9 9. 10. 1 5, 3 7, ) La m y, Pa s c a l La m y 1 9 9 9 10 14 - (E u r o p e a n - Am e r ic a n Bu s in e s s Co u n c il : E AB C ), WT O E U La m y I) WT O, ii )WT O, iii ), 5 U R La m y. E U,, La m y (e a r ly w a r n in g s y s t em ) (T r a n s a t la n t ic E c o n o m ic
Pa r t n e r s h ip : T E P ) E U La m y WT O 1 1 WT O 3 (EABC) - - 72 -,, - EABC - 1999 EU i), ii), iii)wto, iv) TEP WTO Seattle ( 1 9 9 9. 10. 1 5, 3 7, ) B a r s h e fs k y, WT O Ch a r le n e B a r s h e fs k y 1 9 9 9 10 1 3 WT O B a r s h e fs k y,
, WT O 3 WTO 3 1., - B a r s h e fs k y,,,,, Wh e a t B o a r d - B a r s h e fs k y - Ba r s h e fs k y 7 0 % - B a r s h e fs k y, - B a r s h e fs k y OE CD 1/ 2, 1/ 4 1/ 5 2. B a r s h e fs k y WT O, (In form at ion Tech n ology Agreem en t ), (b a s ic t elecom m u n icat ion a g r e e m e n t ) (fin a n c ia l s e r v ic e s a g r e e m e n t ) B a r s h e fs k y, S e a t t le WT O 3 (d u t y - fr e e c y b e r s p a c e ) WT O
B a r s h e fs k y, (d ig it a liz e d c o n t e n t s ) WT O 3. - B a r s h e fs k y, WT O - B a r s h e fs k y, ILO ( 1 9 9 9. 10. 1 5, 3 7, ) E U,, E U (P C ) E U. 1 3 E U, 1 1 1. E U. E U 3 P C, P C. 9 3
... - 5 W - 5 W - 1 5-3 5 - ( ) - RAM - - 1 - ( ) - 9 0 % - - - 1 2 5 m g ( 1 2 10 m g ) -, - E CMA' s T e c h n ic a l Rep o r t 7 0 1 1 1, 3
2. 1. 1 9 E U 6,4 0 0 16.4 %. E U,,,,, 1 5. E U E U, h t t p :/ / eu r op a.e u.in t / e c o la b e l. ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 2, KOT RA, ) E U, PC E U 2 (p e r s o n a l c o m p u t e r s ) (Po r t a b le ) P C ( 1 9 9 9 / 6 9 8 / E C,L 1 9 9 9. 10. 1 3 ). P C. P C,, (r e c y c la b ilit y ), (m a in t a in a b ilit y ).. 9 9 1 1 1 3 2 ( 2 0 0 1 10 1 3 ), 1 ( 2 0 0 2
1 0 1 3 ). CE,. E U. 1. PC. - P C S le e p - Mo d e 5 W - P C Off- Mo d e 3 W - 1 5 s le e p.. - 3. ( ) 5. - ( ) r a n d o m a c c e s s m e m o r y,,, CD- RO M. (Mo t h e r b o a r d ). - 1 (e m p t y s lo t s ). 2. 1 ) - P C., ( : ). - ( ),,. -.
- 9 0 %., (, ). -. - (, 2 ). - 2 5 g,,,. ( ) ( CAS No ) d e c a b r o m b ip h e n y l 1 3 6 5 4-0 9-6, m o n ob r o m d ip h e n y le t h e r 1 0 1-5 5-3, d ib r o m d ip h e n y le t h e r 2 0 5 0-4 7-7, t r ib r o m d ip h e n y le t h e r 4 9 6 9 0-9 4-0, t e t r a b r o m d ip h e n y le t h e r 4 0 0 8 8-4 7-9, p e n t a b r o m d ip h e n y le t h e r 3 2 5 3 4-8 1-9, h e x a b r o m d ip h e n y le t h e r 3 6 4 8 3-6 0-0. h e p t a b r o m d ip h e n y le t h e r 6 8 9 2 8-8 0-3, o c t a b r o m d ip h e n y le t h e r 3 2 5 3 6-5 2-0, n o n a b r o m d ip h e n y le t h e r 6 3 9 3 6-5 6-1, d e c a b r o m d ip h e n y le t h e r 1 16 3-1 9-5 5 0 % ( 10 1 3 ) 6 7/ 5 4 8/ EE C(L 19 6, 16.8. 19 6 7 ) 9 8/ 9 8/ E C (L3 5 5,3 0. 12. 19 9 8 ). IS O 1 14 6 9., Lig h t - g u id e F la t p a n e l d is p la y s. - 0.0 0 0 1 %, 0.0 1 % 0.0 1 %. - (F la t p a n e l d is p la y s ) 1 2 5 m g, 1 2 10 m g.
3. - P C. ( ) s le e p, o ff m o d e, ( ). 4. - E CMA' s T e c h n ic a l Re p o r t 7 0 P r o d u c t - r e la t e d e n v ir o n m e n t a l a t t r ib u t e s. - 0. 1m g 6 7 / 5 4 8 / E E C (L 1 9 6, 1 6.8. 1 9 6 7 ) 9 8 / 9 8 / E C (L3 5 5,3 0. 1 2. 1 9 9 8 ). 5. - E N 4 5 0 0 1. 6. -.,,, E U..
( 1 9 9 9. 1 1. 8, KOT RA, ) WT O (CT E ) WT O ( 10. 1 2 ), * CT E WT O (9 5. 1 ) WT O (9 6. 1 2 ), WT O 10 < > E U, < >, < >, WT O
WT O (T RIPs ) ( C B D ) T RIPs, C B D T RIP s, T RIPs C B D 1 5 16 CB D 1 5 ( ), 16 ( ) E U E U WT O N G O N G O WT O WT O 1 0 (T RIPs ), N G O, 1 1 WT O, WT O N G O, WT O, CT E WT O ( 1 1.3 0-1 2.3, ) CT E ( 1 9 9 9. 10, )
E U (E U ) 2 2 (WT O ) E U. 1 5 E U. E U. E U,. E U,. 3. 2 5. ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 5,, )
WT O 1 1 3 0 1 2 3 WT O,. S H O (S e a t t le H o s t Or g a n iz a t io n ) (h t t p :/ / w w w.w t o s e a t t le.o r g ). S H O., 2 1 1 1 2 WT O : E - Co m m e r c e a n d t h e WT O : Po lic ie s a n d Pr a c t ic e s - Wh a t Yo u r B u s in e s s S h o u ld Kn ow.. (N G O : No n G ov e r n m e n t Or g a n iz a t io n ). ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 6, KOT RA, )
1. F r e d B e r g s t e n 10.2 6 (NR). 1 ) 2 ) 3 ) 4 ).,., 2.. 9 0. NR. 1/ 2 3. NR.., E U,,., 3
F r e d B e r g s t e n 1 0.2 6 ( 1 1.3 0-1 2.3 ) (NR) - 1 ) 2 ) 3 ) 4 ) - - NR, - NR E U, NR - (Re c ip r o c a l ) - 1 3-1 6 % 9 % - NR -, 5. 5 % - 6 % - 9 0-5 %
-, 9 6 2 % - - 1. 5-2 % - - - 9 0 *,, -,,, - - -,
- - - - - - - 1/ 2 NR - - NR - 7 3-7 7 8 6-8 8-9 8.5 (FTAA)
- NR E U, - NR - - WT O - WTO NR -, 3, - 2 0 0 0 - - - -, - ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 6, )
WT O WT O 2 4 1 0 2 5 2 6. 1 2,. 1 1 3 0,,,,.., U ST R,,. WT O.. (E U ) E U. E U. E U.
. WT O. 5 6 5 0 1. 2 5 E U.. 1 2,., E U,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,.. ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 8, KOT RA, )
E U 1 5, E U 1 5 1 1 3 0 WT O. E U WT O,,,. E U. E U - WT O E U. ( : ) E U, 3. ( :, 3 E U ) - E U,,, E U ( ). ( : E U )
-, WT O. - WT O. ( : MAI ) - WT O. - (T r a d e. S im p lic a t io n ) - (T a r iff Pe a k ). -.. - ( ). -
-. - E U. WT O ILO ILO WT O (,,, ) ( G lo b a lis a t io n ) ILO WT O ( : ILO ) ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 9, KOT RA, ) O E C D O E CD 10.2 0 2 2 (T C ) WT O, * O E CD (T C, 6 1.9 ) WT O U R, WT O
E U, 3 E U < > E U,, E U,, < > WT O WT O
, ILO WT O E U, 6 0, WT O E U WT O, E U,,, < >, WT O, E U, WT O ( Ca p a c it y B u ild in g ) WT O WT O WT O OE CD (DAC)
, E U NG O WT O WT O WT O O E CD WT O ( 1 1.3 0-12.3 ) 1 OE CD, O E CD ( 1 9 9 9. 10, )
E U, E U In t e r n a t io n a l Ca d m iu m As s o c ia t io n E u r o p e c. E U Rit t Bj e r r e g a a r d. Nic k e l Me t a l H y b r id e. Nic k e l Me t a l H y b r id e. In t e r n a t io n a l C a d m iu m As s o c ia t io n Ra y m o n d S e m p e ls. E U WT O E U.. ( 1 9 9 9. 1 1. 5, KOT RA, )
, 2 2 2 2., 1 5 0 2 2 ( Ca r - F r e e D a y ). -,. ( 1 9 9 9. 9.2 2,, ), D ME,. D ME, (d im e t h y l e t h e r, D ME ). D ME D ME. E n e r g y & Fu e ls n -, D ME, D ME,. ".,." An d r e L. B o e h m a n. Ch r is t o p h e r F r y e, (Alle n t ow n ) Air Pr o d u c t s a n d Ch e m ic a ls Pe t e r J. A. T ij m D ME..
. " D ME." B o e h m a n. B o e h m a n D ME. D ME, D ME. ". D ME.." B o e h m a n. B o e h m a n In t e r n a t io n a l Co r p. Na v is t a r D ME., 2 2.., D ME. B o e h m a n D ME ( ). (c e t a n e ). 5. 4 5 D ME 5 5., D ME,,. ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 2, 3 8 6, ) E U E U 2 0 0 0.5, 2 0 0 2.4 E U
E U E U, E U (9 8. 3 ) E U ( 2. 10 ) EU ( 727,DC- 9 ) EU 2000.5 3 EU 2002.4 EU (2000.5 EU 2000.5 EU ) < ( ICA O ) > E U ICAO ICAO R & D E U < > E U P r a t t &Wh it n e y
2 0 0 0.5 E U 2 0 0 2.4 E U E U 2 0 0 2.4 E U E U 2 0 0 2.4 < > E U E U P r a t t & Wh it n e y 5 1,5 0 0 ICAO < E U > E U E U ICA O 2 0 0 2.4 2 0 0 0. 1 E U E U E U 1 E U ICAO ICAO E U < E U > E U ICAO E U E U
E U E U E U E U E U (9 8 4 0 0 1 9 % 7 5 E U ) 9 8 2 10 9 9 3 6 0 E U WT O E U, E U ( 1 9 9 9. 10, ) D O E, D OE 3 0 p p m 8 0 p p m. D OE 2 0 0 4-2 0 0 6 2 0 0 4-2 0 0 7 1,
3 5 0 p p m 2 0 0 4-2 0 0 6. 3 3 0 p p m 2 0 0 4 2 5 0 p p m, 2 0 0 5 1 7 5 p p m, 2 0 0 6 1 0 0 p p m. 2 0 0 7 3 0 p p m 8 0 p p m. 5 9 0 % 7 7 %,,, 9 5 %, 7 3 1. D O E. D OE ABT (a v e r a g in g, b a n k in g a n d t r a d in g )., ABT D OE. D O E ABT. ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 5,, ),. 1 0 7 4 4 1. ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 9,, )
, ( ). 2 0 0 0 2. 4, 4 5. NKK ( ),. (,,, ).,. ( ) 9 4 %, 6 %, 10 5. ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 9,, )
E PA, 7 0 %. E PA. 3 19 9 7 5.. 1 9 9 7 E PA s o o t. E PA Ca r o l B r ow n e r. B r o w n e r.. 5 3 E PA. Cle a n Air Ac t s o o t. 1 1 5 E PA 4 2.. E PA. T o n D o n o h u e " EAP " " E PA ". B r ow n e r " E PA 9 5 ". E PA. 19 9 7 E PA 0. 1 2 p p m 0,0 8 p p m.,,, s o o t 2 8 2.5 m ic r o n. 19 9 7.
,,,, E PA. 3 - Oh io, Mic h ig a n, W e s t Vir g in ia -. B r ow n e r. 3 5 0 0 1 5 0 0 0. D a v id T a t e l E PA 3, C le a n Air Ac t E PA. ( 1 9 9 9. 1 1. 1 2, 3 8 9, )
2010 1800.,,,,,,,,... ( C OD, B OD ),.. 3 1, 9 0 % 5 0 %.. 40%. 3 3 2 0 0 0. 3 3 2 1 1. 3 3 3 3 2 (S O 2 ), 1, 1. 3.,, 4 0 %, (, ) 5 0 %.. 6 6 8 1 2 3 3 0 7, 2 9 %. 1 7,0 0 0 (, ).
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, 8 0 %.. 1 9 9 8 9,,,. 1 ) 19 9 8 2 ). 3 ). 4 ),,, 5 ). 1 9 9 9 ( ) 2 5 0 10 0. 2 0 10 9 0 % 5 0 %, 1 8 0 0, 2 4 0 % 7 2 0. ( 1 9 9 9. 9., ) CS IRO.. ' '. Pe r t h 1 3 0 0.,. 5 0
.. G r e g D a v is,. 1 1,,.,.. D a v is,,.,,,,.,.,.,. ( 1 9 9 9. 10. 8, 3 8 4, )
. 2 0, 2 1.. 1. ( 1 ) C o lo r a d o G r a n d C a n y o n, S a n D ie g o 10.,,.. ( 2 ) Nile Wh it e Nile B lu e Nile 2 %.. ( 3 ) Ar a l Am u D a r ' y a S y r D a r ' y a, 1 9 6 0 1 3 %.. Ar a l 1/ 2, 3 / 4, 3. (4 ) G a n g e s.
,. ( 5 ) ( ) 1 9 9 7 2 2 6. ( ),... 9 7. 5 %, 2.5 %. 2.5 % 2 / 3, 0.0 0 0 0 0 8 % 1 1. 4.. 2.,. 1 2,.. 1 2 0 1 6, 1 2 0 m.,,,,,,. ( ),. 19 9 5 6 2 %. ( ) ( ),. 2 5 0.
, 2 0 5 1 0 c m.. ( )..,. 3. ( 1 ) Nile 1 0. 1 9 8 0,,. Nile 8 6 % B lu e Nile,. 5. 3 7 0 ( 3 7 % )... Ar a l Am u D a r ' y a S y r D a r ' y a 7, G a n g e s, T ig r is E u p h r a t e s,. 19 6 7 6 (? ). G o la n J o r d a n J o r d a n..
( 2 ),. 1 1 ( 1 ). 3 0 0 k g 3 0 0, 4 0 0.. 5 0 0. 8 4 0 0. 4,. ( ),. 1 3 0 6 5...,.,., 1 1 2 0 0 U S. 1 1 4 U S., 1 : 7 0. G NP.. ( 1 9 9 9. 10,, )
21 1 2 4. 2 0 2 5 3 0. U N ( ) 2 1 2 1. 2 0 0 0 3. 2 0 2 5 10 % 3 0 %,. 1.. 2 0 0.. ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 8,, )
- 105. 1 0 5. 9 3 (NAFTA) 1 1,. (WT O ) NAFTA. 2 2 9 0. 2 5 %,. 1 0,. ( G lob e a n d Ma il ). NAFTA.. NAFTA., NAFTA 1 1.. ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 8,, )
E U E U E U 9 7.2 10.2 5 E U E U,,,,, ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 8, ) 16 4 (9 6 ) 1 1 9 6 3 2 3 2 0 10 3 6 2, 2 0 1 5 3 6 8 2 0 10 3 2 5 3 7 0 3 2 2
9 1, 9 8 9 9 9 9. 7, 8. 1 1, 9 9.6 W a t e r Pla n 2 1,, 9 9.8,,,, 2 0 0 0 2 / 3 9 8 8-9 5 0 %.,,
,,,, ( 1 9 9 9. 1 1, )
,,,.. F r a u n h o fe r (F h G ) Op u s.. B r a u n s c h w e ig F h G W KI..,, 10 0..... D o r t m u n t F h G IML..... F r a u n h o fe r (F h G ) Op u s.... F r e is in g F h G IVV Kr e is la u fp o ly m e r e Gm b H. ( 1 9 9 9. 9.2 0,, )
, 9 2 2? (T e c h n io n ) 9 2 1.. (H a ifa ) Ra d e m a t e, (r a p id b io d eg r a d a b le h y d r op h ob ic m a t e r ia l, RB H M). RB H M. Mic h a e l Io e lov ic h,. RBHM, Ra d e m a t e., 4 3 0,, RB H M.,, 2 3.,.,,. 2.,,,,. Ra d e m a t e G iy o r a H e r m a n, 1 %. ( 1 9 9 9. 10. 1, 3 8 3, )
PET, PET ( Ch e m ic a l Re c y c le ). P ET (D MT ) (E G ), PE T., P ET,.,,. PET F la k e (3 3 0, 8. 1MPa, 3 0, ),,, D MT E G. 9 5 %, 5 %,.,. ( 1 ) PET. ( 2 ). ( 3 ) D MT, E G PE T. (4 ) PET F la k e. ( 5 ) D MT (T PA ).,, 3 0 MPa E G, D MT T PA. (DX Ns ) P CB,,. 2 /, - -. ( 1 9 9 9. 10. 1, 3 8 3, )
, (RD F ) " ", 3.,,.,. RD F,.,. (, ) ( ), ( ) 3.. 0. 1..., 3. 5 0 0-1 KW. 5 0 0 KW 2 5 0 0 0. 1 2 0-7 0 1 5 0 0. 1 2 0-8 0, 2 0 8 5 0 0.. ( 1 9 9 9. 10. 8, 3 8 4, )
,. e m it io n. " " ( ), 19 9 5, "YM " 3., 3. 8 1, 1 10 0., 1 5, ( 3-4 ) ( 1 5 ), 5 0. "2 0. "., 6-8. 2 0. YM 1 0 0,. 4 5-5 0,.,,. ( 1 9 9 9. 10. 8, 3 8 4, )
S a n d v ik S t e e l, Lo n d o n Wa s t e Lt d. 2. 18 2 4 7 1 0...,, S a n d v ik G r a d e S a n ic r o 2 8. 4 L7. (r a d ia t io n s h a ft ).,. 8 5 0 9 0 0, 4 3 b a r 2 5 0. 8 8 0,0 0 0, 5 5 0,0 0 0 5. 4 1 5 4 3 b a r, 4 1 2. 5. S a n d v ik S t e e l Co., P. O. B o x 1 2 2 0, S c r a n t o n, PA 1 8 5 0 1 ; t e l ; 8 0 0 / 7 5 5-8 8 2 3, We b s it e :w w w.s t e e l.s a d v ik.c o m.. ( 1 9 9 9. 10. 14, 3 8 5, )
, 2 0 0 2..,.. Re s p o n s e C a r e (RC ),,. R C. 9 8 9 2,.,,. "S E PARAT O R".,. 1 3.,,. IS O 14 0 0 1,. ( 1 9 9 9. 10. 14, 3 8 5, )
25. ( ) (T r a y ),. 8. 1 0 1 5. 2 0. 2 5, 4 5. 10 15 1 1. 1 2 0 2 0 0... 6 0., 2. 3... (J E D E C ).
k g 0.8 0. 10 0. ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 2,, ) PET PET. (DJ K) PE T 7 5 % PET, B o t t le, D e e p d r a w in g,,,. PET PET PET, PE T. PE T PET F la k e 7 5 % 3 0 0,. PET,.,, b o t t le,,. PET. PE T, P ET. ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 2, 3 8 6, )
14,..,. 14..... 6. 10 0. ( 1 9 9 9. 1 1. 1, 2 ) E U 4.2 8 (e n d - o f- life v e h ic le s s c h e m e ) 7 E U,
E U, 2 0 0 6 8 0 %, (VDA), (AC EA) E U, E U 10 0 E U RO, E U, E U ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 8, ) E U E U (e n d - o f- v e h ic le s ), 1 1.4 E U (o ffic ia l j o u r n a l ) 7.2 9 E U (c o m m o n p o s it io n ), < ( 1 ) >, (r e u s e ), (r e c y c lin g ) (r e c o v e r y ) Life c y c le < ( 3 ) > (, 3 ) < ( 4 ) > (h a z a r d o u s s u b s t a n c e s ),,
18,,, 6 ( ) < ( 5 ) >, (c e r t ific a t e d e s t r u c t io n ) o f, -,, < ( 7 ) >,, - 2 0 0 6. 1. 1 8 5 %, 8 0 % - 8 0. 1. 1, 7 5 % 7 0 % - 2 0 1 5. 1. 1 9 5 %, 8 5 % ( 2 0 0 5. 1 2. 3 1 ) < > E U ( 5 ) 2 0 0 1. 1. 1 2 0 0 1. 1. 1, 2 0 0 1. 1. 1 2 0 0 6. 1. 1 E U 9 7.9 (9 9.4. 3 0 ),, E U, E U,
( 1 9 9 9. 1 1.8, ) (r e n ew a b le s ) E U 1 1. 10, WW F, G r e e n p e a c e, 3 (b io m a s s ), 5 %,, E U ( 2 0 10 1 2 % ) ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 8, ), T h e r m a l Re c y c le, T h e r m a l Re c y c le ( ).. 1 3 0 0.,.,,.
7 5 %, 7 0 %.,., 4.,, 4 1 5 6 0 0, 4. 3 4 0 (9 8 ).,.,.,. RPF,.,. ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 9, 3 8 7, ) / (Re u s e, Re c y c le ).,,,,, 2.,,..,,.,.,, Re u s e,
,,. Re u s e,.,. X. ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 9, 3 8 7, ) PVC, PV C. 3 PV C. PV C. PV C (lo n g - t e r m b e h a v io r ). 19 9 6 PV C PV C (in d e p e n d e n t s t u d y ). (E u r o p e a n Co u n c il o f Vin y l Ma n u fa c t u r e s ), (E u r o p e a n Co u n c il fo r P la s t ic iz e r s a n d In t e r m e d ia t e s ), (E u r o p e a n S t a b iliz e r Pr o d u c e r s As s o c ia t io n ), ( O r g a n o t in E n v ir o n m e n t a l Pr o g r a m m e As s o c ia t io n ). (S w e d is h E PA).
PV C. (le a c h a t e ). PV C PV C. PV C PV C. ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 9, 3 8 7, ), 8 0 % 8 0 %. (S t e e l Re c y c lin g In s t it u t e ) 8 0 %. 9 8 9 2 %. S RI,,. E U. E U 2 0 0 6 1 8 5 %. E U 2 0 1 5 1 9 5 %.
( 1 9 9 9. 1 1.3, KOT RA, ) 1 1 0 5 ( ) (P ET ), 2 0 0 0 ( ), 1 10 5. ( 4 2 7 9 4 2 4 ) 9 0 % ( 1 3 7 7 ). 9 2 4 ( )., 4 ( ) 1 2 9, 4 ( )., 4. 3.2 % 4 2 6 4, 9 6.8 % 1 2 9 6 6. 2 0 2 4 (9 8 0 ) ( 1 3 6 8 ) 1 3 3 4 3 0. PET 1 8.9 4 %,. 3.7 %, 1.3 1 %, ( ) 8.4 1 %. 2 8, 1 2 8. 8 5, 2 5, 5, 1 3. ( 1 9 9 9. 1 1. 5, 3 8 8, )
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..... E U, 2 0 0 1 4 ( 1 9 9 9. 9. 1 8,, ), 8 1,, (Wo r ld w a t c h In s t it u t e ) 1 9. 5 0 1 7 0 1 3 0 2 0 %.
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,. 5 Bt. 8 9 G MO, 3 6 1... (E U ). E U 1 0 G MO.. 19 G MO. G MO. 1 %. G MO E U. G MO. ( ),., 9 0 %. G MO. 3 0 G MO. ( 1 9 9 9. 10. 4, 9 )
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1 5. 2. S t r a t e g ic s 5. S t r a t e g ic s. S t r a t e g ic s. 5 S t r a t e g ic s 2 5 0 0. n v ir o o g ix. 3. (U S DA). D NA.. ( 1 9 9 9. 10. 1 8,, ) (G M) (E S R C, E c o n o m ic a n d S o c ia l S c ie n c e Re s e a r c h C o u n c il ) 9 9. 1 0. 18 G M ( : T h e Po lit ic s o f G M fo o d ; Ris k, S c ie n c e & Pu b lic t r u s t ), - G M
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. 1 0 0 1... 1 1 1 9 4, 8 2, 7 9, 7 0, 3 5. 6 0 0 9 0 0.. ( 1 9 9 9. 10.2 0, 2 ) F DA, G M ( G M) (F DA) G M. F DA G M. F DA,, D.C G M F DA G M,. F DA G M..,
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,, 5, 3.,. Ric c ia r d i,,,,.. 19 0 0 1 2 3,,,. 1 0 4 %. 1 0 2 % 8 %. Ric c ia r d i,.,... Ric c ia r d i,. 6 0 %, 1 2 5 4 0 %.. Cu m b e r la n d 3 7.. (m u s s e l ) 6 0 % 1 0 0 %. Ric c ia r d i,.. 6 0 %, 1/ 3, 3.. Ric c ia r d i
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2. (Rep ort t o t h e St ort in g on Norw egia n im p lem en t a t ion o f t h e Ky o t o Pr o t o c o l, s u m m a r y, p. 1 2 ) (Short- te rm, within 2-5 yea rs) 100 NOK 1999 (Long- te rm, by 2012) (Expected emissions reduction in 2010) - 0.5 - - (Short- te rm, within 2-5 yea rs) 300NOK ( ) (,,, ) (Long- te rm, by 2012) (CO2, N2O, PFC, SF6),, ( ) (Expected emissions reduction in 2010) - 1-1.5, Clea n, Deve lopme nt Mecha nis m Clea n Development Mecha nis m ( ) 2-3 - (2.1 ) - - - - - 3. ( ) (D e c is io n s m a d e b y t h e S t o r t in g p. 14 ) 1 9 9 9. 1. 1 1 0 0 10 0 N OK, - - 6 0 % 1 NO K (No r w e g ia n k r o n e )/ 1U S $ = 7.4 5 ( 1 9 9 9. 1 )
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