(IT Project Management for the 21st Century: Resource-Based Approach) :,,,, -(Socio-technical)
1. IT 21. 4.... (IT)... 1960 IT., IT. IT.... e-. 1990
.,,.,. 2. IT.,.. (intangible). IT.. (inseparable)... (dynamic).,. (Change Manager)..
(integration)., (Context). (productivity)..,. 8 30. (Knowledge Management) (Humanware). 3. IT.. (M&A)..,.. (ERP) (SCM).
.,.........,.. 4. (Standish Group) 17% 50% 33%. 800. 1 1 James P. Lewis, The Project Manager s Desk Reference: A Comprehensive Guide to Project Planning,
. 1.?, (Cost, Schedule, Quality),, (Performance, Cost, Time, Scope). 2. 50%..., PCTS(,,,) PC(/ ).. 3,, 4. 1.? Scheduling, Evaluation, and Systems, 2 nd ed., McGraw-Hill, p. 291, 2000 2 Ibid, p. 9 3 Harold Kerzner, Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling, 6 th ed., John Wiley & Sons, pp. 1013-1015, 1998
.,,,..,. 70-80..,...,,. 2.?,.,,, 4,. 5 (1996) 12. 4 A. L. Lederer, and V. Sethi, Meeting the Challenges of Information Systems Planning, Long Range Planning, Pergamon Press Ltd, 1992 5 J.,,,,, pp. 45-50, 1999
(win-win) 6 (2000) 13. 7 (ballpark) (1998). 8 6 John Gioia, Twelve Reasons Why Programs Fail, PM Network, pp. 16-19, November 1996 7 James P. Lewis, The Project Manager s Desk Reference: A Comprehensive Guide to Project Planning, Scheduling, Evaluation, and Systems, 2 nd ed., McGraw-Hill, pp. 292-296, 2000 8 Harold Kerzner, Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling, 6 th ed., John Wiley & Sons, pp. 457-458, 1998
.. 3. 2 (1945),. 9 High Tech, Low Touch.. 10....., 4. 9 E. Mayo, The Social Problems of an Industrial Civilization. Boston: The Graduate School of Business, 1945 10 H. J. Thamhain, and D. L. Wilemon, Developing Project/Program Managers, Proceedings, PMI Seminar/Symposium, p.ii-b.2, October 1982
2. (Estimation).,.. (Technology).,.. (Organizational)..,... (People)... (Task-Oriented) (Interpersonal Skill).
? (Risk Factors)., 2. 3..,......,......,
(Stakeholder)..,.,,..., 50 78 10. 11. (Integrated Coordination). 12 11 J. Jiang, G. Klein, and J. Balloun, Ranking of System Implementation Success Factors, Project Management Journal, December 1996 12 H. J. Thamhain, Managing Technologically Innovative Team Efforts towards New Product Success, Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol.7, No.1, pp. 5-18, March 1990
4.., 2 70,., PERT CPM.. 1970 1980.,,.. 1980., (Core Competence). 21? (Resource-Base Theory) 1980.,.
.., (Core Competence) (Organizational Capabilities), (Administrative Heritage). 13, 4. 4..,,, (physical), (human), (organizational). 14 (valuable), (rare), (imperfectly imitable), (substitutability). 15 (,, ),. 16 (1995) NEC. 17,,, 13 D. J. Collis, A Resource-Based Analysis of Global Competition: The Case of the Bearings Industry, Strategic Management Journal, 12, pp. 49-68, 1999 14,,, p.165, 1999 15 J. B. Barney, Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage, Journal of Management, 17, pp. 99-120, 1991 16 R. Amit, and P. J. Schoemaker, Key Success Factors: Their Foundation and Application, Working Paper, University of British Columbia and University of Chicago, June, 1990 17 G., C. K.,,,, pp. 152-156, 1995
.. 18 ( ).. 19. 20. (1998) (People Oriented), 21 (1998) (Social Architect). 22,,,,,., (delegate),. 23 (Win-win).,.. 18 D. J. Teece, G. Pisano, and A. Shuen, Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management, CCC Working Paper, 1988 19 Peter Senge, The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization, New York, Doubleday/Currency, 1990 20 I. Nonaka, The Knowledge Creating Company, Harvard Business Review, 1991 21 Harold Kerzner, Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling, 6 th ed., John Wiley & Sons, p. 1001, 1998 22 Cleland, David I., Project Management: Strategic Design and Implementation, 3 rd ed., McGraw-Hill, pp.424-438, 1998 23 Ralph L. Kliem, and Irwin S. Ludin, The People Side of Project Management, Gower Publishing, pp.126-138, 1994
.,.,. 5.?,. 5., (Organizational Environment)..,... (Force Field) 7S. (Resource) (Knowledge), (Power-with). (Political Jungle),,.,
(Stakeholders) (Visibility),,,, (Credibility). 24.,,,.,.,...,,,,,.., (Methodology)..... (need) (want) 24 Ibid., pp. 87-99
, (EVA) (Concurrent Engineering),. (Blueprint) (House of Quality). (Technology Management).....,. (High-Tech Leadership)..,
.. (Change Manager) (Transformational Leadership) (commit). 4 (1984) (attention), (meaning), (trust), (self). 25 (1994),,, 4. 26 ( ).,,. 27 (1994).,,.. 28 25 Warren Bennis, Good Managers and Good Leaders, Across the Board, October 1984. 26 A. Shenhar, and H. J. Thamhain, A Mixture of Project Management Skills, Human Systems Management Journal, Vol.13, No.1, pp. 27-40, March 1994 27 Ralph L. Kliem, and Irwin S. Ludin, The People Side of Project Management, Gower Publishing, 1994, p. 145 28 A. Shenhar, and H. J. Thamhain, A Mixture of Project Management Skills, Human Systems Management Journal, Vol.13, No.1, March 1994
(1993) (dynamics) (Drivers) (Barriers)., 6,,,,,,,,,,,. 29 (1999) 4.. (,,, ),. (,,, ) (commit).. 30.,. (Learning Curve)., (Experience Curve) 1960 (BCG). 2,,,..,,,. (competitive edge) 29 A. J. Nurick, and H. J. Thamhain, Project Team Development in Multinational Environments, in D. Cleland (ed.), Global Project Management Handbook, New York, McGraw-Hill, 1993 30 David I. Cleland, Project Management: Strategic Design and Implementation, 3 rd ed., McGrawhill, pp. 433-434, 1999
1970 (TI). 6.. (Input) (Output).,. 6...,. (Socio-technical)., 1987 (Eric Trist). 31 (human) (technical) (optimization) (reward) (Continuous Improvement). 7. 31 Marvin Weisbord, and Sandra Janoff, Future Search, San Francisco: Berret-Koehler, 1994
., (health).,.,, (PM Dashboard) (Budget, Cost, CPI) (Milestone, SPI), (Quality, Deliverables) (Morale), (Customer Satisfaction). (Continuous Organizational Improvement). 7. 21, 8...,,,,,.,,,..,
,.,,.,,,....,. (Self-directed)....,.
........ ( ).., (Social Architect) (Change Manager)......,, J.,,,,. 1999.
G.,, C. K.,,,, 1995. Bennis, Warren, Good Managers and Good Leaders, Across the Board, October 1984. Cleland, David I., Project Management: Strategic Design and Implementation, 3 rd ed., McGraw- Hill, 1999. Gioia, John, Twelve Reasons Why Programs Fail, PM Network, November 1996. Jiang, J., Klein, G., and Balloun, J., Ranking of System Implementation Success Factors, Project Management Journal, December 1996. Kerzner, Harold, Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling, 6 th ed., John Wiley & Sons, 1998. Kliem, Ralph L., and Ludin Irwin S., The People Side of Project Management, Gower Publishing, 1994. Lederer L., and Sethi, V., Meeting the Challenges of Information Systems Planning, Long Range Planning, Pergamon Press Ltd, 1992. Lewis, James P., The Project Manager s Desk Reference: A Comprehensive Guide to Project Planning, Scheduling, Evaluation, and Systems, 2 nd ed., McGraw-Hill, 2000. Mayo, E., The Social Problems of an Industrial Civilization, Boston: The Graduate School of Business, 1945. Nurick, A. J., and Thamhain, H. J. Project Team Development in Multinational Environments, in Cleland D. (ed.), Global Project Management Handbook, New York, McGraw-Hill, 1993. Senge, Peter, The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization, New York, Doubleday/Currency, 1990. Shenhar, A. and Thamhain, H.J. A Mixture of Project Management Skills, Human Systems
Management Journal, Vol.13, No.1, March 1994. Thamhain, H. J., Managing Technologically Innovative Team Efforts towards New Product Success, Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol.7, No.1, March 1990. Thamhain, H. J., and Wilemon, D. L., Developing Project/Program Managers, Proceedings, PMI Seminar/Symposium, October 1982. Weisbord, Marvin and Janoff, Sandra, Future Search, San Francisco: Berret-Koehler, 1994. (