2009-001 대구경북사회적기업을통한 일자리창출방안
차례
요약..,. 4..,..,..,.,., 2008 3.6% 2 7.4% 4. i
., 2003 2008 0.316(0.4 ).,,,., ( ).,.,. 14.1%(2007 ) OECD (2003 21.7%). 2007 7 2012 1,000. (1) 2008 12 218 8,600. 44% 96, 30(13.8%) 12(5.6%). ii
42.2%, 27.9%, 15.6%, 14.3%. 19.5% ( )(17.5%), (16.9%). 63.0%, 37.0%. 2008 12 437,.. 4, 7, 1, 7, 2, 2.,, (), 2009 3 795 2 256. 2009 3 106 ( 63, 43) 2,059. (2) 1 : 2008 8 T/F (2009 T/F ),... iii
... 2 :,,,,.,,.. 3 : 2009 3 6. 6,,,,, 6,,, (), (),,, (). ( ), ( ), ( ), 4,. 4 : SK SK,, STX, iv
.... IBM, 13 2000. 5 :.. ( ), NGO ( ) YMCA.. '. (3) 1 :... 2 : v
.. 3 :..,,,,. 2009 1 16 1 30 () 62 ( 25, 37),,,, 1 : 87.1% 8.1%. 4.8%, 27 (43.9%) 20(31.6%), 15(24.6%). 50.0% 18.3%,, 8.3%, 5.0%, 3.3%. 2 : 22.5 20 66.1% 11 20 86.9%, 15.4. 3 : (30.9%) 28.4%, 18.5%, 9.9%. vi
4 : 87.9%, 70%. 5 : (38.2%), (30.9%), ( 9.1%), (3.6%). 6 : (46.3%), ( 16.7%), (11.1%), (7.4%). (1) 新.,.,,.,. vii
(2) 1 2003 20 2004 70,. 2006. 2007. 1. 2 YMCA YMCA YMCA, ( ), 2008 12. 3 2008 viii
(3),,,,,, ( ),,,,,, NGO. (1). (2) 1 ( ) : (,, ).., 4,,. 2 :, NGO, ix
..,,,, (,, ) 3 : (Culturenomics).,. (,, ),,,,. (3) 1 :,. 2 : IT,,.. 3 :,. 4 :.. x
6. 1 :,, (,, ), (, ) 2 : 3 : 4 :,,, () 5 : MBA, CEO 6 :, NGO xi
1 제 1 장왜사회적기업인가? 1). 2009 1 2286 1000 10 3000. 2003 9 (18 9000 ) 5 4. 1.0% 57.3% 3.6% 0.3%. 3 2370 9000 59.5% 0.9%p.
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 08 08 08 08 08 09 08 09 10 11 12 01-3.0 41.8 29.9 29.5 28.2 14.5 15.9 11.2 9.7 7.8-1.2-10.3 - -12.0-12.5-1.1-3.2-5.8-3.7-3.8-2.8-2.2 4.2 0.4 1.5 - -3.6 8.5-4.7-7.3-4.3-5.2-4.7-6.3-9.2-8.6-13.3-12.7-7.0 0.4-0.5 2.0 1.6-3.7-3.5-5.1-4.2-3.2-4.8-4.1-5.7 45.5 36.1 38.0 36.6 26.3 27.1 24.9 25.0 15.0 16.2 5.3 81.8 86.0 88.7 82.7 78.3 76.9 76.4 72.2 73.6 75.0 78.7 84.8 (%) 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.3 3.6 40.1 41.2 38.7 36.4 32.8 31.5 31.2 26.3 28.4 29.1 32.4 35.6 (%) 8.0 8.3 8.0 7.9 7.2 7.6 7.1 6.1 6.6 6.8 7.6 8.2. 5 2007 5.73 2008 5.74. 2006 14.6% OECD 10.8%,,,,,, 8. 2008 15.1% 0.3%p. 03 04 05 06 07 08 - - - 0.312 0.316 0.316 5 - - - 5.60 5.73 5.74 - - - 14.6 14.8 15.1 2) -.
1 2001~2005 32 14.6 45.4%. (13.1%, 2005 ) OECD (21.7%, 2003 ),........ 1,,. 2019 ( 14% ), 2026 (20%),,,. 3). 2007, 1). 1) 2008 년조사 (( 사 ) 사회적기업연구원, 사회적기업에대한일반인대상인식조사 ) 에따르면대한민국
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안.. 국민의 16.5% 만이사회적기업을 알고있다 고응답했으며, 사회적기업이라는단어를한번이라도들어본적있다고답한응답자 27.4% 로사회적기업에대한내용및이름인지도는 43.8% 수준으로나타났음.
1., (),,,,,, 2000,, 2007.,.. 1),. 2)
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안.,. 3) 62,,,.
2 제 2 장사회적기업현황및문제점 1) 공공근로사업 자활사업 사회적일자리사업 1997.... 1990.,. 2002. (Work First Principle)...
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안.. 2000. 2003 73 2004 6 787 2008 1 5749. 2004 1 5 2008 22. 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 78,700 146,200 678,209 1,294,519 1,574,920 15,471 23,647 111,897 201,059 228,245.,,..
2. 2) 사회적일자리사업 사회서비스확충정책으로전환. 2003 OECD 21.7%. 12.6%...... 2006 2006. 2007. 2007. 1. 2007.
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안 2) 사회적기업육성법제정으로사회적기업육성활성화기반구축 2006. 2007 1 6 7 10 36 1. 2008 2007 (54 ) 4 218. 1,890 8,600. 2012 1,000. 1)?,. 2000. 2) 지속가능한일자리제공.,,. 사회서비스확충에적합
2.,,.. 지역사회발전에기여..,. 윤리적시장확대.,.
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안 2007 7 2007 11 36 2008 12 218 8,600. 12(5.6%). 44% 96, 30 (13.8%) 42.2%, 27.9%, 15.6%, 14.3%. 19.5% ( )(17.5%), (16.9%).,. 63.0%, 37.0%.
2,,.,,, (2008,, ).,,,,,. 2008 795 20,256. 2008 12 437,.. 4, 7, 1, 7, 2, 2.
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안,, 80 2 YWCA 95 3,, ( ) 20 50, YMCA,, 45,, 25,, (,) 35, 16, 15 ( ) 20 YWCA 20,, 11,, () 2009 2 106 ( 63, 43) 2,059.
2 NGO 63 1371 18 542 23 445 13 212 1 10 6 47 2 115 43 688 14 292 17 226 7 84 2 60 3 26 - - 106 2059 32 834 40 671 20 296 3 70 9 73 2 115 40(37.7%) 45(42.5%) (14), (10), (9), (9). 6 9 9 14 3 45 3 10 7 (%) 5.7 8.5 8.5 13.2 2.8 42.5 2.8 9.4 6.6 121 144 225 262 66 800 35 301 105..,,.,
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안. 2008 8 T/F (2009 T/F ),...... 1),,,,.,,..
2 2).,...,....,.. 1) 7 ( ), ( ). 2009 3 6. 6,,,,, 6,,, ()
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안, (),,, (). ( ), ( ), ( ), 4,. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2) SK SK,, STX,... SK ( ) ( ).
2,..., STX.,.... SK 50 3. LG. STX,, SK ( ), ( ) 1
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안. IBM, 13 2000. 3).. ( ) YMCA, ( ) ( ), TV,,,, ( ), ( ) ( ), NGO ( ) YMCA.., '
2. KAIST ( ),, SEA1 (), (_) ( ), () ( ) (),,, ( ) ( ) 1)... 2).. 3).
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안.,,,,.
3 제 3 장대구경북예비사회적기업실태조사, ().,,,,. 2009 1 16 1 30 () 62 ( 25, 37). SPSS PC+ 12.0,. 87.1% 8.1%. 4.8%. 27(43.9%)
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안 20(31.6%), 15(24.6%). 50.0% 18.3%,, 8.3%, 5.0%, 3.3%. ( ) (%) ( ) (%) 5 8.1 3 5.0 54 87.1 30 50.0 3 4.8 2 3.3 ( ) (%) 11 18.3 15 24.6 5 8.3 27 43.9 5 8.3 20 31.6 2 3.3 2 3.3 62 100.0 60 100.0 22.5 20 66.1%. 11 20 86.9%, 15.4 20 85.4%. % % % 10 17 28.8 29 63.0 15 36.6 10-20 22 37.3 11 23.9 20 48.8 21-30 11 18.6 4 8.7 5 12.2 31-40 4 6.8 1 2.2 1 2.4 41-50 2 3.4 1 2.2 - - 50 3 5.1 - - - - 59 100.0 46 100.0 41 100.0 ( ) 22.46 10.98 15.39 마케팅, 홍보, 사업전략컨설팅희망
3 (30.9%) 28.4%, 18.5%, 9.9%. ( ) (%) 23 28.4 25 30.9 15 18.5 8 9.9 6 7.4 3 3.7 1 1.2 81 100.0 90% 가사회적기업에부합, 70% 는인증추진의지 62 51(87.9%). 5.2%. 70% 6.9%.
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안 자본력부족과복잡한행정적절차가인증추진시걸림돌 38.2%. 30.9%, 9.1%, 3.6%. 정부의재정지원희망이절대적 (46.3%). 16.7%, 11.1%, 7.4%.
4 제 4 장국내외성공사례및시사점 新.,.,,. (EU)... // /EU ( ) 1). 2004 2005 7
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안 (Community Interest Company Regulation).,,,. (DTI) (Social enterprise unit),.,, Co-operative Action, Charity Bank,,, Social Firms UK, Community Action Network, Social Enterprise London, Development Trusts Associan.,. 2) : Big Issue 1991, 100. The Body shop, 1.50 (1) 7.0 8.0., (IT). 5,000.
4 1) 1990,,,.,, (proximity services). (socially disabled) CAVA (sheltering) ( ) CAVA EI ( ) (, ),,, 53% EI 10, 50 (SMIC), (19.8%) AI (ANPE) ( () 53%, 18%, 7% ) 2000 1 AI 18 - -,,, RQ ( 80%, 20% ) ( ) - RQ, RQ - RQ CNLRQ - 1999 130 RQ - 2 ETTI - 26,,, ( - 1 18 ), ANPE - 2002 263 ETTI - 100 GEIQ - ( - 2003 100 GEIG, 65%, 12% - 1 18,. ),
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안, (ANPE), (DDTEFP), (DDASS). (CNIAE) CDIAE.,,,. 6, (Labor Code). 2) : (Anvie) 2) 1985 6 2000 560..,,,, (Darty).. 29 5 ( )., ( ). 2) envie 는불어로참여자의 ( 자활 ) 욕구 를표현하기도하고, en vie 로사용할경우는수명이다한제품이재활용되어생명을다시찾았음을뜻한다.
4. 1999 2 46%, 10% 60%.,,,.,,,..,,. 1) 1990,,,,., (CSR).,, (Social Purpose Business) (Community-Based Business).
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안., (Javits-Wagner-O'Days ), ( ) (1 2,400 ), Community Reinvestment Act. 60 Non-Profit Management Education Movement Social Enterprise Leadership Movement (REDF). 2) : (Pioneer Human Sevices) 1.,. 85%,..,,.. 1996 ISO-9002
4..,... 1) 2003 3 20. 2004 70. 2006.. 2007.
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안 1. 234 6 10 6 79. 2) YMCA YMCA YMCA, ( ), 2008 12. 3 15, ( ) 6.,,..,,.. 80km
4.,.,, :,, :,, : (2 4 ), : : 5 3) 2008
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안... Policy-mix(). 3)., (, )..,. 3) 인정국가 : 이태리 ( 협동조합법 ), 영국 ( 공동체회사법 ), 벨기에 ( 사회적통합기업 ), 프랑스 ( 노동법전또는행정지침에 6 개의사회적기업형태를인정 )
4.,,,..,... 4).. 4) 포르투갈은유효회원과명예회원을구분하여유효회원에대해서만이사회참가권한및투표권을부여하고있으며, 영국은사회적기업스스로결정을하도록위임을하고있으나, 프랑스는특정집단의관계자가 1 인이상참여토록하고있다 (OECD 대표부, 2006, OECD 국가의사회적기업과시사점 )
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안,. (, ) (,, ).,. ( ).,,,. (needs).....,
4,, (, ),,,,,. (social purpose). (cared market) ( ),..,,.
5 제 5 장대구경북사회적기업모델구상..,,,.
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안.. ( ), 4,,.,,.,, NGO,.,.
5,,..,.,,.,., (Culturenomics).,. ( : ).,.,,
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안.,,.,, ( ).,., 30~40
5..,..... 여성미래역사문화체험사업단사회적기업사례 : ( ) : : (,, ) :,
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안, (15~29 ) 3 7.8% (30~55 ) (2008, )..,,,, 1 1 20,,
5. IT,,.,... (SESNET),,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,..,,,.,
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안..,.,,.,,,.,.,.,,.,.,.
5..,. 2005.,.,.,....,,..,.,.
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안,..,,.,,, ( :, ),...... 1 2 3 4..,
5..
6 제 6 장대구경북사회적기업활성화방안... 4 (,,, ), 3 (,, ).. T/F.,.
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안...,,.,.,.,,,
6,.,... (), SK ( ), (, )
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안,, NGO.,,,,,,.,,,.,,,..,.. (mecenat).
6,,.. MBA, CEO..,,., NGO. 1)
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안,,. 2) 3),. ().
6 4),.,. 5) NGO. NGO,.,.
대구경북사회적기업을통한일자리창출방안,.,., (Win-Win)..,.,..,,.,..
6. 1 2 : 3 : 4 ( ) 5 6, 7 (,,,, ) : 8 9 10 11 (), 12 (,, )
참고문헌 (2008), 07, (2006),,, 16(2) (2005),, (2008),,, (2008.4) (2008), (2008~2012) (208), (2008),, CEO Briefing 131 (2008),,, 43 (2008),,, (2008.10) (2007),, http://www.socialenterprise.or.kr/ http://daegu.molab.go.kr/
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