NEUROTHERAPY 2018;22(2):1-6 오목위팔관절의안정성은어깨뼈의위치, 가시위근의활성도와주위섬유조직의긴장도에달려있다. 손이목표한과제에도달하는데어깨돌림띠와어깨세모근의상호작용이필수이며, 어깨안정성에는어깨밑근, 가시위근, 가시아래근, 작은원근으로구성된어깨돌림띠가

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "NEUROTHERAPY 2018;22(2):1-6 오목위팔관절의안정성은어깨뼈의위치, 가시위근의활성도와주위섬유조직의긴장도에달려있다. 손이목표한과제에도달하는데어깨돌림띠와어깨세모근의상호작용이필수이며, 어깨안정성에는어깨밑근, 가시위근, 가시아래근, 작은원근으로구성된어깨돌림띠가"

Transcription

1 NEUROTHERAPY 대한신경치료학회지제22권장우남제2호 어깨내밈촉진이뇌졸중환자의팔기능과균형에미치는효과 장우남용인대학교보건복지대학물리치료학과 Effect of Facilitation of Shoulder Protraction on Upper Limb Function and Balance in Patients with Stroke Woo-Nam Chang Depart. of Physical Therapy, College of Health & Welfare, Yong In University Purpose This study aimed to investigate the effect of facilitating shoulder protraction on upper limb function, static and dynamic balance in hemiplegic patients with stroke. Methods A total of 23 patients were randomly allocated into either the study group (SG) of 13 patients or the control group (CG) of 10 patients, respectively. All subjects in the two groups were trained for 30 minutes a session, 10 sessions for 2 weeks. Manual Function Test (MFT) for the upper limb function, Functional Reaching Test (FRT) and Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) for the balance, and the 2D video analysis program (Dartfish ProSuite 9.0) for the trunk displacement and elbow extension angles during reaching to grasping were used for the outcome measures. Results In the result of the MFT and TUG, there were significantly improvements in the SG, within and between the groups. FRT was significantly increased in distances in both groups, within and between the groups. During the arm reaching to the task for grasping on the table, elbow extension angle was significantly increased and trunk forward displacement was decreased in the SG. Conclusion This study demonstrated that facilitation of shoulder protraction showed significant improvements in function of the affected upper limb and postural control by decreasing compensatory trunk strategies during arm reaching. Key words Arm reaching, Balance, Shoulder protraction, Stroke, Trunk restraint Corresponding author Woo-Nam Chang (bobathchang@hanmail.net) Received date 16 May 2018 Revised date 11 June 2018 Accepted date 18 june 2018 이논문은 2017 년도용인대학교학술연구조성비재원으로수행된연구임 This paper was supported by the research grant of the Yong In University in 2017 I. 서론뇌졸중으로인한편마비환자는신체의심각한근약화가발생하며, 손상부위와범위에따라운동조절의감소가나타난다. 1) 이러한문제는식사, 옷입기, 씻기, 글쓰기등의동작에제한을초래하며, 균형과보행등자세안정성에문제가나타난다. 특히, 팔기능저하는일상생활의독립성과삶의질에현저한제한이나타나기때문에, 팔기능회복에대한환자들의욕구는대단히높다. 2) 편마비환자들의물건잡기의어려움과비효율적인동작패턴은운동조절감소로인함이며, 이런이유로팔의다양한보상패턴이발생한다. 3) 일반적으로편마비환자의마비측팔은어깨주위근의약화와단축, 가동범위의제한, 비 doi : 대칭자세와부정렬이있다. 4,5,6) 특히, 어깨뼈의비정상적인위치는어깨주위근육의기능부전을야기하며, 이는팔동작의정확성과협응력을감소시킨다. 7) 어깨뼈의움직임은올림, 내림, 벌림, 모음및회전등으로몸통과위팔뼈의상호작용에의해만들어진다. 팔을내린상태에서는위등세모근과아래등세모근, 그리고마름근과앞톱니근이각각짝을이루어어깨의정적안정성을유지하며, 팔을위로올릴때는아래등세모근과앞톱니근, 위등세모근과마름근이짝을이루어회전동작을만든다. 8) 몸통과어깨뼈사이의관계는등뼈가굽힘되면어깨뼈는내밈되고, 폄이되면당김이발생한다. 몸통의위치와형태가어깨뼈의위치에영향을미치며, 어깨뼈를조절하는근길이와근력에영향을미치게된다. 9) 따라서등뼈와어깨뼈의동적안정성은팔기능과자세안정성에중요한영향을미친다. 어깨내밈촉진이뇌졸중환자의팔기능과균형에미치는효과 1

2 NEUROTHERAPY 2018;22(2):1-6 오목위팔관절의안정성은어깨뼈의위치, 가시위근의활성도와주위섬유조직의긴장도에달려있다. 손이목표한과제에도달하는데어깨돌림띠와어깨세모근의상호작용이필수이며, 어깨안정성에는어깨밑근, 가시위근, 가시아래근, 작은원근으로구성된어깨돌림띠가주된역할을담당한다. 10) 따라서, 물건잡기시어깨뼈의정확한위치는어깨위팔관절의안정성을제공하며, 어깨관절, 팔꿉관절및손목관절의동작을최적화할수있다. 이런결과로전방으로팔을뻗는동안몸통의전방이동을최소화시킨다. 11,12) 어깨뼈의이상적인위치조절은팔동작에따른선행성자세조정을동원하며, 팔의기능적범위의다양성과협응력을강화시킨다. 13) 몸통전체의역동적인안정성이뒷받침되어야팔을쉽게바깥쪽으로뻗어손을공간내에서자유롭게쓸수있다. 14) 표적을향해서팔을뻗을때팔이움직이기전에양쪽다리와몸통의근활동은선행되어나타난다. 15) 몸통심부근은팔의방향과무관하게척추를수직방향으로세워주며, 표층근은팔이움직이는각도에따라근의활성화가다르게나타난다. 16) 다양한상황에서효율적으로물건을잡기위해서는몸통과팔사이의협응이대단히중요하다. 12) 팔뻗기조절에영향을주는몸통의선행성자세조정은자세정렬, 동작속도와크기및주변상황등과같은여러가지요인에영향을받는다. 17) 따라서뇌졸중환자의팔기능의회복을목표로치료를한다면어깨뼈와몸통의상호적인안정성과가동성을이용한근력증진이대단히중요하다. 11) 본연구는뇌졸중으로인해편마비가발생한환자를대상으로몸통과어깨뼈의안정성을기반으로이루어지는어깨내밈동작의촉진을통해마비측팔의기능과자세조절변화를분석함으로써어깨치료의새로운관점을제시하고자한다. II. 연구방법 1. 연구대상및연구기간본연구는 2017년 10월 1일부터 2018년 1월15일까지대전에위치한 H병원에입원치료중인뇌졸중환자중연구참여에동의한 23대상으로어깨내밈촉진의효과를알아보기위해서실시하였다. 대상자는연구군인어깨내밈촉진군과대조군인보존적치료군으로제비뽑기방법을사용하여무작위로군을배정하였다. 두집단의대상자는회당 30분씩총 10회의치료를 2주간시행하였다. 연구대상자의선정기준은마비측어깨관절굽힘근과벌림근의도수근력측정상 2등급 (poor) 이상인자로하였다. 대상자선정시이해실어증, 실행증, 공간지각력저하, 시청각장애, 실조증, 정형외과적장애가있는경우는제외하였다. 2. 측정도구및측정방법대상자에대한평가는치료중재전과 10회치료후에각각시행하였다. 1) 팔기능은팔기능평가 (manual function test, MFT) 로하였다. MFT는일본동북대학에서개발하였으며, 본평가의구성은상지운동 4개항목, 장악력 2개, 손가락조작력 2개로총점이 32점으로 100점으로환산하여표기한다. 2) 상지동작의운동형상학적평가는디지털캠코더를사용하여동작을촬영한후 2차원동작분석소프트웨어프로그램 (Dartfish ProSuite 9.0) 을사용하여분석하였다. 대상자는엉덩관절과무릎관절 90도를유지하고발바닥전체가닿을수있도록의자에앉는다. 양손은손바닥이넙다리위에놓일수있도록아래팔을엎침시킨다. 대상자는편안한속도로팔을앞으로뻗어손으로목표물을잡는다. 대상자와목표물까지의거리는대상자가앞으로팔을뻗었을때 ( 팔꿉관절폄 0도 ), 손목관절먼쪽주름까지로한다 ( 팔길이의 80%). 촬영시 5개의마커를부착한다. 어깨봉우리, 가쪽위팔융기, 손목관절등쪽중앙부, 세번째손가락의바닥부, 엉덩뼈능선중앙부에부착하였다. 동영상촬영은대상자의마비측가쪽에서한다. 대상자의시상면동작을정확히촬영하기위해서카메라의높이는마비측어깨관절과일치하도록위치하며, 대상자와의거리는 5m로하였다. 18) 3) 균형능력평가는기능적뻗기검사 (functional reach test, FRT) 와일어서서걷기검사 (timed up and go test, TUG) 로사용하여측정하였다. FRT는일어선자세에서팔꿈치를펴고어깨를약 90도굽힘한상태에서한쪽팔의수평을유지한채평행하게팔을앞으로뻗도록하여이동한거리를측정한다. 거리측정은벽에부착된줄자 (yardstick) 를통하여측정하였으며, 3회측정치의평균을측정값으로사용하였다. FRT에대한검사- 재검사신뢰도 ICC=.92였으며, 측정자간신뢰도는 ICC=.98로서높은신뢰도를가지고있다. 19) TUG는일반적으로노인을대상으로낙상위험도를평가하기위해균형을빠르고간단하게검사하는도구로동적균형검사이다. 의자에서일어나서 3 m 의반환점을돌아다시의자에앉는시간을검사자가초시계를사용하여측정하는검사이다. 20) 3. 치료중재방법연구군의치료중재는다음과같은방법으로실시한다. 1) 어깨뼈안정성강화 21) 1 치료사는마비쪽의어깨뼈의위치를인식할수있도록어깨뼈의형태를치료사의손을사용하여자극한다. 이것은촉각, 고유수용성감각자극을통한신체상형성을강화하기위한것이다. 2 Effect of Facilitation of Shoulder Protraction on Upper Limb Function and Balance in Patients with Stroke

3 장우남 2 치료사의한손은가슴큰근을지지하여몸통굽힘과어깨뼈내림유도하고다른손은어깨뼈의내림과모음을조절한다. 반복동작을통해근활성을증진시킨다. 3 양손을엉덩이옆이나뒤로짚은자세에서양측의어깨뼈의내밈과당김동작을통해어깨뼈주위근의안정성을강화한다. 2) 어깨뼈내임촉진 12) 환자의앞쪽에보조치료대와베개를사용하여몸통전방이동및굽힘을제한한후치료를시행한다. (Figure 1) 1 치료사는환자의앞이나옆에서팔꿈관절굽힘을유지한상태에서어깨뼈굽힘을 90도로유지한다. 통증이발생할경우통증범위이하로위치한다. 2 치료사의한손은몸통을지지하고다른손은위팔세갈래근아래에서어깨내밈을유도한다. 첫동작은치료사의핸들링을따라할수있도록지시한다. 반복동작을통해서대상자의자발적동작까지유도한다. 내밈동작이원활하게진행되면, 팔꿈치의방향을위, 아래, 안, 가쪽등으로다양하게유도할수있다. 3 치료의마지막은치료사는환자의손을편상태로잡고손목과팔꿉관절의폄, 어깨관절굽힘순으로동작을유도한다. 4 마지막범위에서는어깨내밈이나타나도록유도한다. 반복동작을통해서대상자의자발적동작까지유도한다. 통증발생이나어깨불안정성발생하는환자의경우지지하는부위를몸쪽에가깝게한다. 대조군은마비측어깨관절의시상면, 이마면과수평면에서대상자의허용범위내에서수동관절가동운동과능동보조운동을시행한다. 과제지향적훈련으로대상자의앞쪽에컵과공을위치시킨후팔뻗어잡기동작을반복한다. 과제와대상자의거리는팔길이범위내에서한다. 4. 분석방법본연구에서수집된자료는 SPSS ver (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) 통계프로그램을사용하여분석하였다. 중재전연구참여자의일반적특성은기술통계량을이용해평균과표준편차를제시하였고, 자료에대한동질성검정을실시하였다. 군간비교를위해서 Mann-Whitney U 검정을사용하였고, 군간중재전후를비교하기위해서비모수검정방법인 Wilcoxon Signed-ranks 검정을하였다. 두군별중재전후변화량을비교하기위해 Mann-Whitney U 검정을사용하였으며, 통계적유의수준은.05로하였다. III. 결과 1. 연구대상자의일반적특성본연구의선정기준에적합한대상자 30명을모집하였으나연구참여에동의하지않은자 3명, 중도퇴원자 3명, 치료중재횟수미달인대상자 1명을제외하여총 23명을대상으로진행하였다. 각군에배정된대상자의일반적인특성은통계학적으로유의한차이가없었다. 전체대상자 23명중연구군이 13 명 ( 남성 10명 / 여성 3명 ), 대조군이 10명 ( 남성 5명 / 여성 5명 ) 이었다. 평균나이는연구군이 59.38세이었으며, 대조군이 57.8세이었다. 뇌졸중의원인은연구군에서뇌출혈 5명, 뇌경색 8명이었고, 대조군에서는뇌출혈 4명, 뇌경색 6명이었다. 마비측은연구군에서우측 6명, 좌측 7명이었고, 대조군에서는우측 4명, 좌측 6명이었다. 발병이후평균유병기간은연구군이 72일이었으며, 대조군은 60일이었다. 연구군과대조군대상자의기초평가는수정판바델지수를비교하였으며, 군간통계적으로유의한차이는없었다. (Table 1) 2. 두군간중재전후팔기능과균형능력의비교연구군인어깨내밈촉진군에서중재후유의한차이가있었으며, 보존적치료군은변화가없었다. MFT의두군간변화량의차이는연구군이대조군보다유의하게큰것으로나타났다. (Table 2) 어깨내밈촉진군과보존적치료군의중재후 FRT 결과는 Figure 1. Intervention of shoulder protraction facilitation 어깨내밈촉진이뇌졸중환자의팔기능과균형에미치는효과 3

4 NEUROTHERAPY 2018;22(2):1-6 Table 1. Clinical characteristics of the patients in both groups variables study group (n=13) control group (n=10) χ²/z (p) Sex, M/F 10/3 5/ (.86) Age, years (34-69) 57.8 (34-69) 9.61 (.38) Height, cm ( ) ( ) 8.65 (.28) Weight, kg (50-73) 62.9 (50-73) 8.09 (.62) Hemorrhage/Infarction 5/8 4/ (.61) Paretic side, Rt/Lt 6/7 4/ (.83) Duration, days 72 (39-100) 60.2 (30-92) (.65) MBI 76.31(55-98) (58-98) 4.35 (.99) Note. MBI: modified barthel index Table 2. Comparison between pre and post treatment mean values of MFT and balance in both groups. study group (n=13) control group (n=10) pre post change (post-pre) pre post change (post-pre) z MFT 11.92± ±6.26*** 2.69± ± ± 6.57*** 0.70± *** FRT 19.23± ±4.11*** 4.54± ± ± 4.99*** 2.40± *** TUG 23.96± ±7.61*** -2.82± ± ±11.30*** -1.09± *** *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 Note. MFT: manual function test; FRT: functional reach test; TUG: timed up and go test 두집단모두유의한차이가있었으며, FRT의두군간변화량의차이는연구군이대조군보다유의하게큰것으로나타났다. 두군의중재후 TUG의결과는연구군에서만유의한차이가있었다. TUG의두군간변화량의차이는연구군이대조군보다유의하게큰것으로나타났다. (Table 2) 과는연구군에서유의한차이가있었으며, 두군간변화량의차이는연구군이대조군보다유의하게큰것으로나타났다. 팔꿉관절폄각도결과는중재후두군모두유의한차이가나타났으며, 두군간변화량의차이는연구군이대조군보다유의하게큰것으로나타났다. (Figure 3, 4) 3. 두군간중재전후팔뻗기동작시몸통이동과팔꿉관절폄각도비교책상위에컵을잡기위한팔뻗기동작시어깨내밈촉진군 (Figure 2) 과보존적치료군의중재후시상면의몸통이동결 Figure 2. Photographs of reach to grasp movement IV. 고찰본연구는마비측어깨의내밈범위를넓힘으로서팔의기능변화와자세조절에미치는효과를알아보기위한것이었다. 연구군의치료중재는어깨관절내밈을강화하기위한촉진법을사용하였으며, 대조군은편마비환자에게시행되는보존적치료를시행하였다. 정적균형검사인 FRT에서치료중재후두군모두유의한변화를보였으나, 연구군이대조군보다증가된결과를보였다. 동적균형검사인 TUG 검사에서치료중재후연구군에서만유의한감소를보였으며, 군간비교에서도유의한차이가나타났다. 편마비환자의어깨뼈안정화촉진은임상물리치료사에게는일반적인접근법이며, 이것은자세조절향상을위해팔기 4 Effect of Facilitation of Shoulder Protraction on Upper Limb Function and Balance in Patients with Stroke

5 장우남 Figure 3. Comparison between pre and post treatment mean value of trunk displacement in both groups. Figure 4. Comparison between pre and post treatment mean value of elbow extension in both groups. 능의회복과관계가있음을강조하고있다. 하지만, 팔기능과균형변화의상호관계에대한연구는현재까지미흡하다. McMullen과 Uhl (2000) 22) 의연구에서는어깨관절의기능회복을위해운동사슬접근법을강조하고있다. 어깨뼈는어깨주위여러근육의부착지점이며, 짝힘을효과적으로만들기위한안정성을가지고있다. 몸통에서팔뼈까지연결되어있는넓은등근의경우골반에서부터몸통과어깨뼈를지나위팔뼈앞쪽까지운동사슬을이루고있으며, 네발기기자세에서다리를들어올릴때큰볼기근과함께등허리근막의긴장변화는반대편어깨뼈안정성에영향을미친다. 또한, Maenhout 등 (2009) 23) 의연구에서는네발기기자세에서같은쪽다리를들었을때앞톱니근의활성도가가장높게나타났다고하였다. 이와같은자세에서골반을포함한몸통주위근의긴장도증가는중심안정근의기능향상을의미한다. 중심안정근의향상과앞톱니근의선택적근활성은협력적관계이며, 동시활성의결과라고볼수있다. 본연구에결과에서균형능력의강화된반응은중심안정근의기능향상에의한것으로생각하며, 치료중재인어깨내밈근인앞톱니근의촉진이몸통안정성에영향을미친것이라고할수있다. 팔을사용한과제수행에서팔뻗기동작의감소는팔꿈치폄범위의정도에따라영향을받는다. 폄각도가 30도미만이라면, 전방팔뻗기범위는 6% 미만의감소가나타난다. 그러나팔꿉관절제한이 30도를넘게되면팔뻗기기능상실은매우커지게된다. 팔꿉관절 90도의구축에의해전체팔뻗기의기능은 50% 나감소된다. 따라서 30도미만으로굽힘구축을유지시켜주는것은환자를위한중요한기능적목표가된다. 24) 본연구에서앉은자세에서전방에있는컵을잡기위한팔뻗기동작시치료중재전과후몸통이동감소와팔꿉관절폄각도의변화를 2차원영상분석을사용하여분석하였다. 연구군의경우는팔꿉관절폄각도변화가현저히증가하였으며, 이와더불어팔뻗기를하는동안몸통전방이동은치료중재전과비교해서현저한감소를보였다. 이것은 Sawan 등 (2014) 18) 의연구결과에서팔뻗기를하는동안몸통의보상을억제한군과허용한군의결과와동일하게나타났다. McCrea 등 (2005) 25) 은뇌졸중환자의신체기능의감소는팔뻗기동작시몸통의보상전략과더불어주변신체부위의추가적인자유도가요구될수있다고했다. Michaelsen 등 (2001) 12) 의연구에서는몸통을고정한군이그렇지않은군보다팔사용시몸통이동의현저한감소를보였다. 그에비해대조군은유의한증가를보였다. 본연구에서도보조치료대를사용하여몸통전방이동을제한한상태로어깨뼈내밈을촉진하였다. 이것은 Michaelsen 등 (2001) 12) 의연구에서사용한몸통을의자에억제한효과와비슷한방법이며, 치료중재동안몸통보상을감소시켰다. 따라서, 뇌졸중으로인한편마비환자의어깨뼈내밈촉진법은자세조절을위한몸통안정성과팔뻗기기능향상을위한효과적인치료중재라고할수있을것이다. 뿐만아니라적절한앉은자세에서선택적인어깨뼈내밈훈련은중심안정근의촉진과몸통굽힘의보상전략을감소시킬것으로생각한다. 본연구의제한점으로대상환자군의수가적었고, 단일의료기관에입원한비교적경증의환자를대상으로하였기때문에선택편견이개입되었을가능성을배제할수없다. 어깨내맴촉진치료중재의일반화를위해서는더많은대상자의참여가필요할것이며, 효과에대한명확한규명을위해서더욱세분화된치료목적과방법을적용하는것이도움이될것이다. References 1. Majsak MJ. Application of motor learning principles to the stroke population. Top Stroke Rehabil. 1996;3(1): 어깨내밈촉진이뇌졸중환자의팔기능과균형에미치는효과 5

6 NEUROTHERAPY 2018;22(2): Massie CL, Fritz S, Malcolm MP. Elbow extension predicts motor impairment and performance after stroke. Rehabil Res Pract. 2011; Roby-Brami A, Feydy A, Combeaud M, et al. Motor compensation and recovery for reaching in stroke patients. Acta Neurol Scand. 2003;107(5): Blomqvist L, Stark B, Engler N, et al. Evaluation of arm and shoulder mobility and strength after modified radical mastectomy and radiotherapy. Acta Oncol. 2004;43(3): Kibler WB. The role of the scapula in athletic shoulder function. Am J Sports Med. 1998;26(2): Sahrmann SA. Does postural assessment contribute to patient care? J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2002;32(8): Voight ML, Thomson BC. The role of the scapula in the rehabilitation of shoulder injuries. J Athl Train. 2000;35(3): Magarey ME, Jones M. Dynamic evaluation and early management of altered motor control around the shoulder complex. Man Ther. 2003;8(4), Braun B, Amundson L. Quantitative assessment of head and shoulder posture. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1989;70(4): Dark A, Ginn KA, Halaki M. Shoulder muscle recruitment patterns during commonly used rotator cuff exercises: an electromyographic study. Phys Ther. 2007;87(8): Raine S, Meadows L, Lynch-Ellerington M. Bobath concept: Theory and clinical practice in neurological rehabilitation. Wiley-Blackwell. 2009; Michaelsen SM, Luta A, Roby-Brami A, et al. Effect of trunk restraint on the recovery of reaching movements in hemiparetic patients. Stroke. 2001;32(8): Mottram SL. Dynamic stability of the scapula. Man Ther. 1997;2(3): Massion J, Alexandrov A, Frolov A. Why and how are posture and movement coordinated? Prog Brain Res. 2004;143: Hodges PW, Richardson CA. Inefficient muscular stabilization of the lumbar spine associated with low back pain. A motor control evaluation of transversus abdominis. Spine. 1996;21(22): Barr KP, Griggs M, Cadby T. Lumbar stabilization: core concept and current literature, Part 1. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2005;84(6): Urquhart DM, Hodges PW, Story IH. Postural activity of the abdominal muscles varies between regions of these muscles and between body positions. Gait Posture. 2005;22(4): Sawan S, Shaker HA, Fahmy EM, et al. Task-specific training with trunk restraint: its effect on reaching movement kinematics in stroke patients. Med J Cairo Univ. 2014;82(2): Duncan PW, Weiner DK, Chandler J, et al. Functional reach: a new clinical measure of balance. J Gerontol. 1990;45(6): Podsiadlo D, Richardson S. The time Up & Go : a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1991;39(2): Jung KM, Jung YJ. The effect of scapula setting intervention on the function of upper extremity and walking in the patients with stroke. J Korean Soc Neurother. 2013;17(1): McMullen J, Uhl TL. A kinetic chain approach for shoulder rehabilitation. J Athl Train. 2000;35(3): Maenhout A, Van Praet K, Pizzi L, et al. Electromyographic analysis of knee push up plus variations: what s the influence of the kinetic chain on scapular muscle activity? Br J sports med Morrey BF, Askew LJ, Chao EY. A biomechanical study of normal functional elbow motion. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1981;63(6): McCrea PH, Eng JJ, Hodgson AJ. Saturated muscle activation contributes to compensatory reaching strategies after stroke. J Neurophysiol. 2005;94(5): Effect of Facilitation of Shoulder Protraction on Upper Limb Function and Balance in Patients with Stroke

CASE STUDY

CASE STUDY Biomechanics GACHON UNVERSITY Dept, of Physical Therapy Choi Won Ho Chapter3. Shoulder complex 학습목표 Q. 근육과관절의상호작용에대하여알아본다. 어깨근육들의작용 어깨가슴관절의근육들 팔을올림시키는근육들 어깨관절을모음시키고폄시키는근육들 어깨관절을안쪽돌림시키는근육들과가쪽돌림시키는근육들 3

More information

012임수진

012임수진 Received : 2012. 11. 27 Reviewed : 2012. 12. 10 Accepted : 2012. 12. 12 A Clinical Study on Effect of Electro-acupuncture Treatment for Low Back Pain and Radicular Pain in Patients Diagnosed with Lumbar

More information

Microsoft PowerPoint - evaluation(창원대)

Microsoft PowerPoint - evaluation(창원대) Evaluation 헤렌휘트니스파크한경진 ATC Contents 1. Shoulder 2. Elbow 3. Knee 4. Ankle 1 Shoulder Neer Hawkin s Empty can Speed O brien Shoulder anatomy 2 Neer Test Hawkin s test 3 Empty can test Speed Test 4 O Brien

More information

제10강: 골관절과 골반대

제10강: 골관절과 골반대 제 10 강 고관절과골반대 SPORT & LEISURE STUDIES LEE CHAE SAN 엉덩관절의근육개요 작용과관련된다음의일반적인원칙들은엉덩관절의기능적근육군들을위해기술됨 근육의섬유방향이엉덩관절앞쪽에서수직방향으로가로지르면엉덩관절에서골반의앞면을향하여넙다리의앞면이움직임으로써넙다리를굽힘 ( 표준작용 : standard action). 또는넙다리의앞면을향하여골반의앞면이움직임으로써엉덩관절에서골반을앞쪽으로경사지게함

More information

Lumbar spine

Lumbar spine Lumbar spine CT 32 111 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.111 Lumbar Spine CT 32 Received : 10. 05. 23 Revised : 10. 06. 04 Accepted : 10. 06. 11 Key Words: Disc herniation, CT scan, Clinical analysis The Clinical

More information

<30352DC1A4B0E6B8B82C20C1A4C0AFC1F82E687770>

<30352DC1A4B0E6B8B82C20C1A4C0AFC1F82E687770> NEUROTHERAPY 2 0 1 7 대한신경치료학회지정경만제21, 권정유진제3호 초기뇌졸중환자에서체간제한과결합된로봇보조상지훈련의효과 : 무작위대조예비연구 정경만 1, 정유진 *2 1 원광대학교병원물리치료실, *2 원광대학교병원작업치료실 The Effect of Robot-Assisted Upper Limb Training Combined with Trunk

More information

04조남훈

04조남훈 Received : 2011. 11. 16 Reviewed : 2011. 11. 25 Accpeted : 2011. 12. 5 A Case Report of Prescribing Yanghyeolgeopung-tang(yangxuequfeng-tang) to Two Patients with Cervical Disc Herniation and Headache

More information

Fugl.hwp

Fugl.hwp Fugl-Meyer Assessment scale 개관 1. 검사명 : Fugl-Meyer Assessment scale : 저자 - Fugl-Meyer 2. 목적 : 뇌졸중후운동기능의회복단계를기초로뇌졸중환자의기능적회복정도를양적으로평가 3. 대상 : 뇌졸중환자 4. 특징 : 뇌졸중환자의기능평가시 synergy( 공동운동 ) 을고려하여평가하도록고안됨 5. 신뢰도

More information

한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구

한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 - - i - - i - - ii - - iii - - iv - χ - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - 그림 1. 연구대상자선정도표 - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - 그림 2. 연구의틀 χ - 9 - - 10 - - 11 -

More information

P.P.Templat Korea

P.P.Templat Korea Physical examination of the shoulder contents 1. Shoulder anatomy 2. Inspection 3. Bony palpation 4. Soft tissue palpation Shoulder joint의 구성 type of joint - ball and socket joint, degree of freedom :

More information

원위부요척골관절질환에서의초음파 유도하스테로이드주사치료의효과 - 후향적 1 년경과관찰연구 - 연세대학교대학원 의학과 남상현

원위부요척골관절질환에서의초음파 유도하스테로이드주사치료의효과 - 후향적 1 년경과관찰연구 - 연세대학교대학원 의학과 남상현 원위부요척골관절질환에서의초음파 유도하스테로이드주사치료의효과 - 후향적 1 년경과관찰연구 - 연세대학교대학원 의학과 남상현 원위부요척골관절질환에서의초음파 유도하스테로이드주사치료의효과 - 후향적 1 년경과관찰연구 - 연세대학교대학원 의학과 남상현 원위부요척골관절질환에서의초음파 유도하스테로이드주사치료의효과 - 후향적 1 년경과관찰연구 - 지도김석원교수 이논문을석사학위논문으로제출함

More information

Kinematic analysis of success strategy of YANG Hak Seon technique Joo-Ho Song 1, Jong-Hoon Park 2, & Jin-Sun Kim 3 * 1 Korea Institute of Sport Scienc

Kinematic analysis of success strategy of YANG Hak Seon technique Joo-Ho Song 1, Jong-Hoon Park 2, & Jin-Sun Kim 3 * 1 Korea Institute of Sport Scienc Kinematic analysis of success strategy of technique JooHo Song 1, JongHoon Park 2, & JinSun Kim 3 * 1 Korea Institute of Sport Science, 2 Catholic Kwandong University, 3 Yonsei University [Purpose] [Methods]

More information

72 순천향의과학 : 제14권 2호 2008 Fig.1. Key components of the rehabilitation evaluation of patients with the rheumatic diseases. The ICF provides a good frame

72 순천향의과학 : 제14권 2호 2008 Fig.1. Key components of the rehabilitation evaluation of patients with the rheumatic diseases. The ICF provides a good frame Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science 14(2) p.71~82 December 2008 71 류마티스 관절염의 재활치료 오 기 영 순천향 대학교 의과대학 재활의학교실 Rehabilitation Interventions for the Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis Ki-Young Oh Department

More information

황지웅

황지웅 Comparison of Laparoscopy and Exploration in the Distal Pancreatectomy BACKGROUND: To determine the benefits of laparoscopic surgery compared with exploration, the clinical outcomes of open and laparoscopic

More information

Effects of baseball expertise and stimulus speeds on coincidence-anticipation timing accuracy of batting Jong-Hwa Lee, Seok-Jin Kim, & Seon-Jin Kim* Seoul National University [Purpose] [Methods] [Results]

More information

제13강: 척추와 갈비우리의 개요 2

제13강: 척추와 갈비우리의 개요 2 제 13 강 척추와갈비우리 2 SPORT & LEISURE STUDIES LEE CHAE SAN 반가시근, 뭇갈래근, 돌림근의위치 가로돌기가시근육群 (transversospinalis) 은깊고, 가로돌기와가시돌기사이의척수곁고랑 (laminar groove) 을채우는근육덩어리 가로돌기가시근육群은세가지하위군 (sub group) 으로나뉠수있는데, 표층에서부터심층순으로가시근

More information

16_이주용_155~163.hwp

16_이주용_155~163.hwp 사상체질의학회지 2008;20(2):155-163 J of Sasang Constitutional Medicine Vol. 20, No. 2, 2008:155-163 http://www.esasang.com 腦 梗 塞 으로 발생한 少 陽 人 半 身 舞 蹈 病 患 者 치험 1례 이주용 이한얼 한경수 안택원 Abstract 대전대학교 한의과대학 사상체질과 A Soyangin

More information

12이문규

12이문규 Review on Conservative Treatment of Spinal Scoliosis Moon-kyu Lee, O.M.D., Gil-jae Lee, O.M.D., Yun-kyung Song, O.M.D., Hyung-ho Lim, O.M.D. Dept. of Oriental Rehabilitation Medicine College of Oriental

More information

서론 34 2

서론 34 2 34 2 Journal of the Korean Society of Health Information and Health Statistics Volume 34, Number 2, 2009, pp. 165 176 165 진은희 A Study on Health related Action Rates of Dietary Guidelines and Pattern of

More information

- i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - - 15 - - 16 - - 17 - - 18 - - 19 - α α - 20 - α α α α α α - 21 - - 22 - - 23 -

More information

기관고유연구사업결과보고

기관고유연구사업결과보고 기관고유연구사업결과보고 작성요령 2001 ~ 2004 2005 ~ 2007 2008 ~ 2010 2001 ~ 2004 2005 ~ 2007 2008 ~ 2010 1 2/3 2 1 0 2 3 52 0 31 83 12 6 3 21 593 404 304 1,301 4 3 1 8 159 191 116 466 6 11 (`1: (1: 16 33 44 106

More information

A Study on the Relationships between Self-Differentiation and Adaptability Factors for Senior Dementia Patients Care Givers Department of Social Welfare, Seoul Welfare Graduate University Full-time Lecturer

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 4, August, 30, 2016:319~332 Received: 2016/07/28, Accepted: 2016/08/28 Revised: 2016/08/27, Published: 2016/08/30 [ABSTRACT] This paper examined what determina

More information

1) 측두하악관절장애 (TMD) 환자에게초음파와근막이완술이측두하악관절및경부의기능적회복에미치는영향, 1 The Effect of Ultrasound and Myofascial Release on a Functional Recovery of Neck in Patients

1) 측두하악관절장애 (TMD) 환자에게초음파와근막이완술이측두하악관절및경부의기능적회복에미치는영향, 1 The Effect of Ultrasound and Myofascial Release on a Functional Recovery of Neck in Patients 1) 측두하악관절장애 (TMD) 환자에게초음파와근막이완술이측두하악관절및경부의기능적회복에미치는영향, 1 The Effect of Ultrasound and Myofascial Release on a Functional Recovery of Neck in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorder Soo-jin Kim PT, Sang-wook

More information

<283732372D3733312920B4D9C3CAC1A120BCD2C7C1C6AEC4DCC5C3C6AEB7BBC1EEC0C720B3EBBEC8C0C720BDC3B7C2BAB8C1A4BFA120B4EBC7D120C0AFBFEBBCBA20C6F2B0A1283035292E687770>

<283732372D3733312920B4D9C3CAC1A120BCD2C7C1C6AEC4DCC5C3C6AEB7BBC1EEC0C720B3EBBEC8C0C720BDC3B7C2BAB8C1A4BFA120B4EBC7D120C0AFBFEBBCBA20C6F2B0A1283035292E687770> 대한안과학회지 제 49 권 제 5 호 2008 J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 49(5):727-731, 2008 DOI : 10.3341/jkos.2008.49.5.727 다초점 소프트콘택트렌즈의 노안의 시력보정에 대한 유용성 평가 김현경 1 김효명 2 정성근 1 가톨릭대학교 의과대학 성모병원 안과학교실 1, 고려대학교 의과대학 안암병원 안과학교실

More information

<37325FC0E5BCBCC8AB2DC1D6B4CFBEEE20C5F5BCF6B5E9C0C720C6C8B2DEC4A12E687770>

<37325FC0E5BCBCC8AB2DC1D6B4CFBEEE20C5F5BCF6B5E9C0C720C6C8B2DEC4A12E687770> Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society Vol. 17, No. 10 pp. 628-634, 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2016.17.10.628 ISSN 1975-4701 / eissn 2288-4688 장세홍, 김동희 * 전남대학교체육교육과 Effects

More information

80%, O'Sullivan (2003), (reposition sense)..(, 2001) Arokoski (2001) 1937 williams,,,,,,. (bridging exercise).,.(stevens, 2007). (lumbar stabilization

80%, O'Sullivan (2003), (reposition sense)..(, 2001) Arokoski (2001) 1937 williams,,,,,,. (bridging exercise).,.(stevens, 2007). (lumbar stabilization 1) 스위스볼을적용한교각자세변화에따른체간의근활성도비교 The Comparison of Trunk Muscles Activity During Bridging Stabilization Exercises on Swiss Ball According to Change of Position Sun-tae Son, Min-hye Kim, Hee-jin Kim, Ji-hye

More information

Abstract Background : Most hospitalized children will experience physical pain as well as psychological distress. Painful procedure can increase anxie

Abstract Background : Most hospitalized children will experience physical pain as well as psychological distress. Painful procedure can increase anxie Volume 12, Number 1, 92~102, An Intervention Study of Pain Reduction during IV Therapy in Hospitalized Children Myo-Jin Kim 1), Joung-Hae Bak 1), Won-Seok Seo 2) Mi-Young Kim 3), Sun-Kyoung Park 3), Jai-Soung

More information

NEUROTHERAPY 2013;17(1):39-44 능중보행의속도는체간과머리의가속과관련이있으며, 보행속도가증가시에는가속에대한상체의근활성의빈도와크기가증가한다고보고하였다 (Menz 등, 2003). 그러므로보행하는동안에상체의안정성을유지하기위해서몸통과목사이분절들에서특수한패

NEUROTHERAPY 2013;17(1):39-44 능중보행의속도는체간과머리의가속과관련이있으며, 보행속도가증가시에는가속에대한상체의근활성의빈도와크기가증가한다고보고하였다 (Menz 등, 2003). 그러므로보행하는동안에상체의안정성을유지하기위해서몸통과목사이분절들에서특수한패 NEUROTHERAPY 2 0 1 3 대한신경치료학회지정유진제17, 권정경만제1호 뇌졸중환자에서견갑골설정 (Scapula Setting) 중재가상지와보행기능에미치는영향 정유진, 정경만 원광대학교병원물리치료실, 작업치료실 The effect of Scapula setting intervention on the function of upper extremity

More information

<303520B1E8BFEBB1C720BFDC5FC3D6C1BE2E687770>

<303520B1E8BFEBB1C720BFDC5FC3D6C1BE2E687770> 운동과학, 2014년, 제23권제4호 Exercise Science, 2014, Vol. 23, No. 4 원문 푸시업운동시위팔뼈벌림각도에따른어깨주변근육의활성도 홍용 김용권 * 전주대학교 Abstract Hong, Yong, Kim, Yong-Kweon. Peri-Scapular Muscle Activity during Push-Up Exercise with

More information

달생산이 초산모 분만시간에 미치는 영향 Ⅰ. 서 론 Ⅱ. 연구대상 및 방법 達 은 23) 의 丹 溪 에 최초로 기 재된 처방으로, 에 복용하면 한 다하여 난산의 예방과 및, 등에 널리 활용되어 왔다. 達 은 이 毒 하고 는 甘 苦 하여 氣, 氣 寬,, 結 의 효능이 있

달생산이 초산모 분만시간에 미치는 영향 Ⅰ. 서 론 Ⅱ. 연구대상 및 방법 達 은 23) 의 丹 溪 에 최초로 기 재된 처방으로, 에 복용하면 한 다하여 난산의 예방과 및, 등에 널리 활용되어 왔다. 達 은 이 毒 하고 는 甘 苦 하여 氣, 氣 寬,, 結 의 효능이 있 대한한방부인과학회지 THE JOURNAL OF ORIENTAL OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY VOL.17, NO.2 : 115-122 (2004) 달생산이 초산모 분만시간에 미치는 영향 * 북경한의원, ** 윤산부인과의원, *** 최은림산부인과의원, 상지대학교 한의과대학 부인과학교실 ****, 경희대학교 동서의학대학원 김성준 *****, 윤왕준

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI: : Researc

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI:   : Researc Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp.251-273 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.2.201706.251 : 1997 2005 Research Trend Analysis on the Korean Alternative Education

More information

(01) hwp

(01) hwp Journal of Life Science 2013 Vol. 23. No. 2. 157~166 ISSN (Print) 1225-9918 ISSN (Online) 2287-3406 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.5352/jls.2013.23.2.157 α μ δ κ 158 생명과학회지 2013, Vol. 23. No. 2 Journal of

More information

<35BFCFBCBA2E687770>

<35BFCFBCBA2E687770> 주요개념 : 컴퓨터음란물 접촉자, 성지식, 성태도 남자중학생의 컴퓨터음란물 접촉자와 비접촉자간의 성지식과 태도의 차이 김 영 혜* 이 화 자** 정 향 미*** 1. 연구의 필요성 한국은 I. 서 론 1960 년대 이후부터 시작된 돌진적 산업화 ( 한 상진, 1996) 로 인하여 경제적 부흥을 이루어 집집마다 TV 수상기를 가질 수 있게 되었고 최근에는 PC보급율

More information

NEUROTHERAPY 2009;14(1):1-4 외래로통원치료중인뇌졸중으로인한편마비환자중자연회복가능성을최소화하기위해발병후 6개월이경과한자로제한하였다. 또한부룬스토롬이분류한편마비환자분류 4등급이상인남자환자중 15m 이상독립보행이가능하고, 치료효과에영향을줄수있는당뇨병과같

NEUROTHERAPY 2009;14(1):1-4 외래로통원치료중인뇌졸중으로인한편마비환자중자연회복가능성을최소화하기위해발병후 6개월이경과한자로제한하였다. 또한부룬스토롬이분류한편마비환자분류 4등급이상인남자환자중 15m 이상독립보행이가능하고, 치료효과에영향을줄수있는당뇨병과같 NEUROTHERAPY 2 0 0 9 대한신경치료학회지제14권황병용제1호 자세근강화운동이편마비환자의보행에미치는영향 황병용 용인대학교보건복지대학물리치료학과 The Effects of Strengthening Exercise of Postural Muscles on Gait in Persons with Hemiplegia Byong-Yong Hwang Department

More information

Abstract Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Related Factors for Nurses and Radiological Technologists Wearing a Lead Apron for Radiation Pro t e c t i o n Jung-Im Yoo, Jung-Wan Koo 1 ) Angio Unit, Team of Radiology,

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI: * Strenghening the Cap

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI:   * Strenghening the Cap Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp.27-43 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.3.201809.27 * Strenghening the Capacity of Cultural Arts Required in Special Education

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:237~251 Received: 2016/11/20, Accepted: 2016/12/24 Revised: 2016/12/21, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] Recently, there is an increasing

More information

* ** *** ****

* ** *** **** * ** *** **** - 47 - - 48 - - 49 - - 50 - - 51 - 구분범주빈도 ( 명 ) 비율 (%) 성별연령장애유형장애정도 남자 92 65.71 여자 48 34.28 3~6세 ( 학령전기 ) 70 50.00 7~10세 ( 학령기 ) 70 50.00 자폐성장애 53 37.85 지적장애 71 50.71 기타 16 11.42 경미한정도 31

More information

( )Jkstro011.hwp

( )Jkstro011.hwp 비인강암의방사선치료결과및생존율에관한예후인자분석 2005 2 1 2005 3 28. :, Tel: 053)250-7665, Fax: 053)250-7984 E-mail: jhkim@dsmc.or.kr 정영연외 2 인 : 비인강암의예후인자분석 정영연외 2 인 : 비인강암의예후인자분석 Carcinoma of the nasopharynx treated by radiotherapy

More information

- i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - 1) 통계청고시제 2010-150 호 (2010.7.6 개정, 2011.1.1 시행 ) - 4 - 요양급여의적용기준및방법에관한세부사항에따른골밀도검사기준 (2007 년 11 월 1 일시행 ) - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 -

More information

<B0A3C3DFB0E828C0DBBEF7292E687770>

<B0A3C3DFB0E828C0DBBEF7292E687770> 초청연자특강 대구가톨릭의대의학통계학교실 Meta analysis ( 메타분석 ) 예1) The effect of interferon on development of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection?? -:> 1998.1 ~2007.12.31 / RCT(2),

More information

590호(01-11)

590호(01-11) T H E K O R E A N D O C T O R S W E E K L Y www.docdocdoc.co.kr I N S I D E 38 3 5 6 7 10 13 28 29 30 31 38 41 42 2 Advertisement Government & Medicine 3 Government & Medicine 4 Government & Medicine Government

More information

<333320BCD5C1F6C8C62DB4EBC7D020BFA4B8AEC6AE20C4ABB3AAB5F0BEF020BCB1BCF6B5E92E687770>

<333320BCD5C1F6C8C62DB4EBC7D020BFA4B8AEC6AE20C4ABB3AAB5F0BEF020BCB1BCF6B5E92E687770> Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society Vol. 14, No. 1 pp. 229-238, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2013.14.1.229 대학 엘리트 카나디언 선수들의 어깨허리무릎 관절의 등속성 근기능 평가 및 진단 신광택 1, 안창규 1, 손지훈

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI: 3 * Effects of 9th

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI:   3 * Effects of 9th Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp.357-378 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.2.201906.357 3 * Effects of 9th Grade Students Participation in Career Curriculum Cluster

More information

< F34C2F7BCF6C1A45FB4EBC7D1B9B0B8AEC0C7C7D0C8B820382D332E687770>

< F34C2F7BCF6C1A45FB4EBC7D1B9B0B8AEC0C7C7D0C8B820382D332E687770> Journal of The Korean Society of Physical Medicine, 2013; 8(3): 369-378 http://dx.doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2013.8.3.369 Online ISSN: 2287-7215 Print ISSN: 1975-311X Research Article Open Access 열린사슬운동및닫힌사슬운동에서위팔굽힘각도에따른앞톱니근의근활성도비교

More information

현대패션의 로맨틱 이미지에 관한 연구

현대패션의 로맨틱 이미지에 관한 연구 한지닥섬유제품의인체생리반응및쾌적성평가 임순 Evaluation of Thermal Physiological Responses and Comfort in Dox Fabric Soon Im Professor, Dept. of Fashion Industry, Incheon National University This study performed the evaluation

More information

김범수

김범수 Analysis of Outcomes after Resection of Sarcomatous Hepatocellular Carcinoma Purpose: Sarcomatous hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rare. Therefore, the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis

More information

전립선암발생률추정과관련요인분석 : The Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (KCPS-II)

전립선암발생률추정과관련요인분석 : The Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (KCPS-II) 전립선암발생률추정과관련요인분석 : The Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (KCPS-II) 전립선암발생률추정과관련요인분석 : The Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (KCPS-II) - i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - vi - - vii - - viii - - ix - -

More information

Microsoft PowerPoint - 발표자료(KSSiS 2016)

Microsoft PowerPoint - 발표자료(KSSiS 2016) Sang Jun Kim, MD, PhD Application of 3D Printing in the Orthotic Fields Hallux Valgus, Charcot Marie Tooth, ADL Kit, Foot Insole, Wrist Pain, Foot Drop Development of Automated Program for Ankle Foot Orthosis

More information

54 한국교육문제연구제 27 권 2 호, I. 1.,,,,,,, (, 1998). 14.2% 16.2% (, ), OECD (, ) % (, )., 2, 3. 3

54 한국교육문제연구제 27 권 2 호, I. 1.,,,,,,, (, 1998). 14.2% 16.2% (, ), OECD (, ) % (, )., 2, 3. 3 27 2, 53-70, 2009. (Nursing Home) * ** (Nursing Home). 5 50 5 2 1,,,,, SPSS t.,,,,,,,. :,, : 2009/08/27 : 2009/09/24 : 2009/09/30 * ** (: hjkim@daelim.ac.kr) 54 한국교육문제연구제 27 권 2 호, 2009. I. 1.,,,,,,, (,

More information

1, 1, * The Effect of Push-Up Plus Exercise With Respiration On Muscle Activation of Around Shoulder Abstract Chan-Hyun Park 1, Tae-Gyu Lee 1, H

1, 1, * The Effect of Push-Up Plus Exercise With Respiration On Muscle Activation of Around Shoulder Abstract Chan-Hyun Park 1, Tae-Gyu Lee 1, H 1, 1, * 2 1 2 The Effect of Push-Up Plus Exercise With Respiration On Muscle Activation of Around Shoulder Abstract Chan-Hyun Park 1, Tae-Gyu Lee 1, Ho-Hee Son *2 1 Catholic University of Pusan, College

More information

14.531~539(08-037).fm

14.531~539(08-037).fm G Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 531~539, August, 2008 š x y w m š gj p { sƒ z 1) * 1) w w Evaluation of Flexural Strength for Normal and High Strength Concrete with Hooked

More information

136 특수교육재활과학연구 ( 제 55 권제 2 호 ) Ⅰ. 서론 뇌졸중은뇌혈관의출혈및폐색에의한뇌혈류의이상으로인해발생되는신경학적증상으로, 우리나라의경우사망원인 1위인악성신생물중가장높은사망률을보이는폐암과간암보다도높은사망률을보이는질환이다 ( 통계청, 2011). 뇌졸중은시

136 특수교육재활과학연구 ( 제 55 권제 2 호 ) Ⅰ. 서론 뇌졸중은뇌혈관의출혈및폐색에의한뇌혈류의이상으로인해발생되는신경학적증상으로, 우리나라의경우사망원인 1위인악성신생물중가장높은사망률을보이는폐암과간암보다도높은사망률을보이는질환이다 ( 통계청, 2011). 뇌졸중은시 특수교육재활과학연구 Journal of Special Education & Rehabilitation Science Vol. 55, No. 2, pp. 135~148, 2016. 과제지향적자세조절훈련이아급성기뇌졸중환자의 자세조절및균형과일상생활수행능력에미치는영향 강태우 * ㆍ김태윤 ** < 요약 > 본연구는과제지향적자세조절훈련이아급성기뇌졸중환자의자세조절및균형과일상생활수행능력에어떠한영향을미치는지알아보기위하여실시하였다.

More information

JKPT pissn Vol. 30, No. 1, February 2018 J Kor Phys Ther 2018:30(1): eissn X Original Article

JKPT pissn Vol. 30, No. 1, February 2018 J Kor Phys Ther 2018:30(1): eissn X Original Article pissn Vol. 30, No. 1, February 2018 J Kor Phys Ther 2018:30(1):8-13 1229-0475 eissn 2287-156X Original Article Effects of a Trunk Stabilization Exercise with Gym Ball on Scapular Position for Patients

More information

NEUROTHERAPY 이대희대한신경치료학회지, 이상용, 박정서제20, 권한슬기제3호 슬링을이용한교각운동시엉덩관절벌림 - 모음과슬링의높이가배가로근, 배곧은근, 척추세움근의근활성도에미치는영향 이대희 1, 이상용 1, 박정서 2, 한슬기 *1 1 U1 대학교

NEUROTHERAPY 이대희대한신경치료학회지, 이상용, 박정서제20, 권한슬기제3호 슬링을이용한교각운동시엉덩관절벌림 - 모음과슬링의높이가배가로근, 배곧은근, 척추세움근의근활성도에미치는영향 이대희 1, 이상용 1, 박정서 2, 한슬기 *1 1 U1 대학교 NEUROTHERAPY 2 0 1 6 이대희대한신경치료학회지, 이상용, 박정서제20, 권한슬기제3호 슬링을이용한교각운동시엉덩관절벌림 - 모음과슬링의높이가배가로근, 배곧은근, 척추세움근의근활성도에미치는영향 이대희 1, 이상용 1, 박정서 2, 한슬기 *1 1 U1 대학교물리치료학과 2 대전과학기술대학교물리치료과 The Effect of Height of Hip

More information

체간안정성강화운동이뇌졸중환자의균형및에너지소모량에미치는효과 : 단일사례연구 김희한, 정경만 원광대학교병원물리치료실 대한심장호흡물리치료학회지제 5 권제 1 호, PP The Effect of Core Stability Exercise on Balanc

체간안정성강화운동이뇌졸중환자의균형및에너지소모량에미치는효과 : 단일사례연구 김희한, 정경만 원광대학교병원물리치료실 대한심장호흡물리치료학회지제 5 권제 1 호, PP The Effect of Core Stability Exercise on Balanc 체간안정성강화운동이뇌졸중환자의균형및에너지소모량에미치는효과 : 단일사례연구 김희한, 정경만 원광대학교병원물리치료실 대한심장호흡물리치료학회지제 5 권제 1 호, 2017. PP.25-30 The Effect of Core Stability Exercise on Balance and Energy Consumption in Stroke Patients : Single-Subject

More information

The Journal of Korean Society for Neurotherapy ISSN , * 2 1, 2 Effects of Arm Swing with a Small Weight on Anticipator

The Journal of Korean Society for Neurotherapy ISSN , * 2 1, 2 Effects of Arm Swing with a Small Weight on Anticipator The Journal of Korean Society for Neurotherapy ISSN 1226-3826 http://www.jksnt.org 1, * 2 1, 2 Effects of Arm Swing with a Small Weight on Anticipatory Postural Adjustment and Postural Stability in Standing

More information

노영남

노영남 Purpose: Delayed massive hemorrhages from pseudoaneurysm rupture of the peripancreatic large arteries, after pancreaticoduodenectomy, are fatal. We reviewed the clinical course and outcome of bleeding

More information

139~144 ¿À°ø¾àħ

139~144 ¿À°ø¾àħ 2 139 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.139 2 Received : 10. 04. 08 Revised : 10. 04. 26 Two Case Report on Wrist Ganglion Treated with Scolopendrid Pharmacopuncture Accepted : 10. 05. 04 Key Words: Wrist Ganglion,

More information

歯5-2-13(전미희외).PDF

歯5-2-13(전미희외).PDF The Korean Journal of Counseling 2004, Vol. 5, No. 2, 423-434,. 4 5 18 9, 9.,,,,,.,,, t-.. :,,, (,, 1996),.,,. (, 2001),... 88 98 2000, 88 12.5%(250 )98 35.6%(712 )2.8 (,,, 2001) (Corresponding Author)

More information

09(89-98)-KSPM hwp

09(89-98)-KSPM hwp J Korean Soc Phys Med, 2018; 13(1): 89-98 http://dx.doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2018.13.1.89 Online ISSN: 2287-7215 Print ISSN: 1975-311X Research Article Open Access 수중발목커프착용후수중트레드밀보행훈련이뇌졸중환자의균형과보행능력에미치는영향

More information

386-390.hwp

386-390.hwp 386 HANYANG MEDICAL REVIEWS Vol. 29 No. 4, 2009 우리나라 미숙아의 통계와 의료비용 Statistics and Medical Cost of Preterm in Korea 윤혜선 을지대학교 노원을지병원 소아청소년과학교실 Hye Sun Yoon, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Pediatrics, Nowon

More information

歯1.PDF

歯1.PDF 200176 .,.,.,. 5... 1/2. /. / 2. . 293.33 (54.32%), 65.54(12.13%), / 53.80(9.96%), 25.60(4.74%), 5.22(0.97%). / 3 S (1997)14.59% (1971) 10%, (1977).5%~11.5%, (1986)

More information

슬라이드 1

슬라이드 1 3-1. 어깨복합체 진단및평가원리 3-4. 위팔두갈래근힘줄염검사 1. 젖힘검사 (Hyperextension Test) 2. 질크레스트검사 (Gilchrest's Test) 1. 젖힘검사 (Hyperextension Test) 1) 검사목적 : 위팔두갈래근힘줄염 결절사이고랑위에서위팔두갈래근의움직임촉진 위팔두갈래근의긴갈래긴장 결절사이고랑에서통증을호소하거나쑤시는듯한앞어깨통증을호소하면위팔두갈래근힘줄염이라고진단

More information

975_983 특집-한규철, 정원호

975_983 특집-한규철, 정원호 Focused Issue of This Month Gyu Cheol an, MD Department of Otolaryngology ead & Neck Surgery, Gachon University of College Medicine E - mail : han@gilhospital.com Won-o Jung, MD Department of Otolaryngology

More information

(132~173)4단원-ok

(132~173)4단원-ok IV Q 134 135 136 1 10 ) 9 ) 8 ) 7 ) 6 ) 5 ) 4 ) 3 ) 2 ) 1 ) 0 100km 2 1. 1 2. 2 3. 1 2 137 138 139 140 1. 2. 141 Q 142 143 1 2 1. 1 2. 2 144 145 146 1. 2. 147 Q 148 149 150 151 1. 2. 152 100.0 weight 153

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp DOI: : A basic research

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp DOI:   : A basic research Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp.379-404 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.3.201709.379 : A basic research for the after-school forest activities program models:

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp DOI: A Study on the Opti

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp DOI:   A Study on the Opti Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp.127-148 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/11024/pnuedi.27.4.201712.127 A Study on the Optimization of Appropriate Hearing-impaired Curriculum Purpose:

More information

<C8ADB7C220C5E4C3EBC0E52E687770>

<C8ADB7C220C5E4C3EBC0E52E687770> 하동 화력 7 8호기 건설부지 문화재 지표조사 결과보고서 2005. 01. ( 재) 우리문화재연구원 하동 화력 7 8호기 건설부지 문화재지표조사 결과보고서 Ⅰ. 조사개요 1. 조 사 명 : 하동 화력 78 호기 건설부지 문화재지표조사 2. 조사지역 : 경남 하동군 금성면 가덕리 1336답 일원 3. 조사 면적 : 134,204m2 4. 조사 목적 한국남부발전(

More information

WHO 의새로운국제장애분류 (ICF) 에대한이해와기능적장애개념의필요성 ( 황수경 ) ꌙ 127 노동정책연구 제 4 권제 2 호 pp.127~148 c 한국노동연구원 WHO 의새로운국제장애분류 (ICF) 에대한이해와기능적장애개념의필요성황수경 *, (disabi

WHO 의새로운국제장애분류 (ICF) 에대한이해와기능적장애개념의필요성 ( 황수경 ) ꌙ 127 노동정책연구 제 4 권제 2 호 pp.127~148 c 한국노동연구원 WHO 의새로운국제장애분류 (ICF) 에대한이해와기능적장애개념의필요성황수경 *, (disabi WHO 의새로운국제장애분류 (ICF) 에대한이해와기능적장애개념의필요성 ( 황수경 ) ꌙ 127 노동정책연구 2004. 제 4 권제 2 호 pp.127~148 c 한국노동연구원 WHO 의새로운국제장애분류 (ICF) 에대한이해와기능적장애개념의필요성황수경 *, (disability)..,,. (WHO) 2001 ICF. ICF,.,.,,. (disability)

More information

09권오설_ok.hwp

09권오설_ok.hwp (JBE Vol. 19, No. 5, September 2014) (Regular Paper) 19 5, 2014 9 (JBE Vol. 19, No. 5, September 2014) http://dx.doi.org/10.5909/jbe.2014.19.5.656 ISSN 2287-9137 (Online) ISSN 1226-7953 (Print) a) Reduction

More information

,,,.,,,, (, 2013).,.,, (,, 2011). (, 2007;, 2008), (, 2005;,, 2007).,, (,, 2010;, 2010), (2012),,,.. (, 2011:,, 2012). (2007) 26%., (,,, 2011;, 2006;

,,,.,,,, (, 2013).,.,, (,, 2011). (, 2007;, 2008), (, 2005;,, 2007).,, (,, 2010;, 2010), (2012),,,.. (, 2011:,, 2012). (2007) 26%., (,,, 2011;, 2006; ,,.. 400,,,,,,.,,, -, -, -., 3.. :, Tel : 010-9540-0640, E-mail : sunney05@hanmail.net ,,,.,,,, (, 2013).,.,, (,, 2011). (, 2007;, 2008), (, 2005;,, 2007).,, (,, 2010;, 2010), (2012),,,.. (, 2011:,, 2012).

More information

77

77 76 77 1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 78 2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 79 80 II 81 82 II 83 84 II 85 86 II 87 s t r e t c h i n g 88 II 89 90 II 91 d a n c e s p o r t s 92 II 93 ;4#; 94 II

More information

[ 영어영문학 ] 제 55 권 4 호 (2010) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1) Kyuchul Yoon, Ji-Yeon Oh & Sang-Cheol Ahn. Teaching English prosody through English poems with clon

[ 영어영문학 ] 제 55 권 4 호 (2010) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1) Kyuchul Yoon, Ji-Yeon Oh & Sang-Cheol Ahn. Teaching English prosody through English poems with clon [ 영어영문학 ] 제 55 권 4 호 (2010) 775-794 ( ) ( ) ( ) 1) Kyuchul Yoon, Ji-Yeon Oh & Sang-Cheol Ahn. Teaching English prosody through English poems with cloned native intonation. The purpose of this work is to

More information

ISSN 제 3 호 치안정책연구 The Journal of Police Policies ( 제29권제3호 ) 치안정책연구소 POLICE SCIENCE INSTITUTE

ISSN 제 3 호 치안정책연구 The Journal of Police Policies ( 제29권제3호 ) 치안정책연구소 POLICE SCIENCE INSTITUTE 11-1320082-000013-09 ISSN 1738-2963 2015 제 3 호 치안정책연구 The Journal of Police Policies 2015. 12 ( 제29권제3호 ) 치안정책연구소 POLICE SCIENCE INSTITUTE : 통학버스를중심으로 차례 전병주 * 최은영 ** Ⅰ. 서론 1) Ⅱ. 이론적배경 Ⅲ. 연구방법 Ⅳ. 연구결과

More information

- iii - - i - - ii - - iii - 국문요약 종합병원남자간호사가지각하는조직공정성 사회정체성과 조직시민행동과의관계 - iv - - v - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - α α α α - 15 - α α α α α α

More information

노인정신의학회보14-1호

노인정신의학회보14-1호 제14권 1호 통권 제23호 www.kagp.or.kr 발행인 : 정인과 / 편집인 : 이동우 / 발행처 : 정인과 (152-703) 서울특별시 구로구 구로동 80번지 고려대학교 구로병원 정신과 / TEL : 02-818-6608 / FAX : 02-852-1937 발행일 : 2008년 4월 30일 / 제 작 : (주)엠엘커뮤니케이션 140-846 서울특별시

More information

歯제7권1호(최종편집).PDF

歯제7권1호(최종편집).PDF ********* (*, **, *** ).., 2002, 7, 1, 1-12. 2-5 80.,.,..,,... :,,. (naming).., (word finding), (lexical look- up), (lexical retrieval), (word recall) (Fried- Oken, 1987). (pause),,, (naming error) (Snyder

More information

Microsoft Word - KSR2012A021.doc

Microsoft Word - KSR2012A021.doc YWXY G ºG ºG t G G GGGGGGGGGrzyYWXYhWYXG Ÿƒ Ÿ ± k ¹Ÿˆ Review about the pantograph field test result adapted for HEMU-430X (1) ÕÕÛ äñ ã G Ki-Nam Kim, Tae-Hwan Ko * Abstract In this paper, explain differences

More information

자기공명영상장치(MRI) 자장세기에 따른 MRI 품질관리 영상검사의 개별항목점수 실태조사 A B Fig. 1. High-contrast spatial resolution in phantom test. A. Slice 1 with three sets of hole arr

자기공명영상장치(MRI) 자장세기에 따른 MRI 품질관리 영상검사의 개별항목점수 실태조사 A B Fig. 1. High-contrast spatial resolution in phantom test. A. Slice 1 with three sets of hole arr Original Article pissn 1738-2637 J Korean Soc Radiol 2012;67(2):129-134 The Survey of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Quality according to in Korea 1 자기공명영상장치(MRI) 자장세기에 따른 MRI 품질관리 영상검사의 개별항목점수 실태조사 1 Hyun-Hae

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:3~20 Received: 2016/12/04, Accepted: 2016/12/27 Revised: 2016/12/27, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] This study aims to comprehensively analyze

More information

Analysis of objective and error source of ski technical championship Jin Su Seok 1, Seoung ki Kang 1 *, Jae Hyung Lee 1, & Won Il Son 2 1 yong in Univ

Analysis of objective and error source of ski technical championship Jin Su Seok 1, Seoung ki Kang 1 *, Jae Hyung Lee 1, & Won Il Son 2 1 yong in Univ Analysis of objective and error source of ski technical championship Jin Su Seok 1, Seoung ki Kang 1 *, Jae Hyung Lee 1, & Won Il Son 2 1 yong in University & 2 Kang Won University [Purpose] [Methods]

More information

슬라이드 1

슬라이드 1 3-1. 어깨복합체 진단및평가원리 1. 어깨복합체의구성 2. 어깨복합체의관절 2. 어깨복합체의관절 3. 어깨복합체부위근육 3. 어깨복합체부위근육 4. 어깨복합체진단및평가를위한기초자료 1) 운동범위 (1) 오목위팔관절능동운동범위 굽힘 : 180 (160 ~180 ) 벌림 : 180 (160 ~180 ) 안쪽돌림 : 90 (70 ~90 ) 수평모음 : 30 (30

More information

Analyses the Contents of Points per a Game and the Difference among Weight Categories after the Revision of Greco-Roman Style Wrestling Rules Han-bong

Analyses the Contents of Points per a Game and the Difference among Weight Categories after the Revision of Greco-Roman Style Wrestling Rules Han-bong Analyses the Contents of Points per a Game and the Difference among Weight Categories after the Revision of Greco-Roman Style Wrestling Rules Han-bong An 1 & Kyoo-jeong Choi 2 * 1 Korea National Wrestling

More information

( )Kju269.hwp

( )Kju269.hwp 만성세균성전립선염모델흰쥐에서 의항염효과 Anti-inflammatory Effect of Lycopene on Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis Rat Model Cho Hwan Yang, Dong Wan Sohn, Yong-Hyun Cho From the Department of Urology, The Catholic University

More information

:,,.,. 456, 253 ( 89, 164 ), 203 ( 44, 159 ). Cronbach α= ,.,,..,,,.,. :,, ( )

:,,.,. 456, 253 ( 89, 164 ), 203 ( 44, 159 ). Cronbach α= ,.,,..,,,.,. :,, ( ) :,,.,. 456, 253 ( 89, 164 ), 203 ( 44, 159 ). Cronbach α=.83.91.,.,,..,,,.,. :,, (402-751) 253 E-mail : yspark@inha.ac.kr ..,.,.,. Bandura(1997),.,,,,., (,,, 2009), (,,,, 2014).?.,,,.. Bandura (1995) (Resiliency

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: A study on Characte

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI:   A study on Characte Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp.381-404 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.1.201803.381 A study on Characteristics of Action Learning by Analyzing Learners Experiences

More information

부속

부속 04 Definitions of terminology in neonatal, infant, and perinatal epidemiology.,. (perinatal period),,,, (morbidity) (mortality).,,,.,,,.,., 2. (World Health Organization, WHO) International Statistical

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI: * A Research Trend

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI:   * A Research Trend Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.295-318 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.295 * A Research Trend on the Studies related to Parents of Adults with Disabilities

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp DOI: * Experiences of Af

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp DOI:   * Experiences of Af Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp.201-229 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.2.201608.201 * Experiences of After-school Class Caring by Married Early Childhood

More information

< FB4EBC7D1B0EDC0AFBCF6BFEBBCBABDC5B0E6B1D9C3CBC1F8B9FDC7D0C8B D315F31C2F7C6EDC1FD2E687770>

< FB4EBC7D1B0EDC0AFBCF6BFEBBCBABDC5B0E6B1D9C3CBC1F8B9FDC7D0C8B D315F31C2F7C6EDC1FD2E687770> PNF and Movement, 2019; 17(1): 11-18 https://doi.org/10.21598/jkpnfa.2019.17.1.11 Print ISSN: 2508-6227 Online ISSN: 2508-6472 Case Study Open Access 비절단부에적용한 PNF 상지패턴과견갑골움직임에의한방산이절단부주변근육활성도에미치는영향 - 단일사례연구

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:275~289 Received: 2016/12/02, Accepted: 2016/12/22 Revised: 2016/12/20, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] SNS is used in various fields. Although

More information

., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994), () 65, 4 51, (,, ). 33, 4 30, 23 3 (, ) () () 25, (),,,, (,,, 2015b). 1 5,

., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994), () 65, 4 51, (,, ). 33, 4 30, 23 3 (, ) () () 25, (),,,, (,,, 2015b). 1 5, * 4.,, 3,,, 3,, -., 3, 12, 27, 20. 9,,,,,,,,. 6,,,,,. 5,,,,.. * (2016),. (Corresponding Author): / / 303 Tel: 063-225-4496 / E-mail: jnj1015@jj.ac.kr ., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994), 2000. 2015 () 65, 4 51,

More information

J Korean Soc Phys Ther Vol. 24, No. 5, October, 2012 pissn eissn X The Journal of Korean Society of Physical Therapy Original Articl

J Korean Soc Phys Ther Vol. 24, No. 5, October, 2012 pissn eissn X The Journal of Korean Society of Physical Therapy Original Articl J Korean Soc Phys Ther Vol. 24, No. 5, October, 2012 pissn 1229-0475 eissn 2287-156X The Journal of Korean Society of Physical Therapy Original Article 교각운동시복부넣기가큰볼기근과척추세움근의활성도에미치는영향 고은경 1, 장진호 2, 정도영

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: * A Analysis of

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: * A Analysis of Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp.99-117 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.1.201803.99 2015 * A Analysis of the Characters and Issues about the 2015 Revised Social

More information

1..

1.. Volume 12, Number 1, 6~16, Factors influencing consultation time and waiting time of ambulatory patients in a tertiary teaching hospital Jee-In Hwang College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University :

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp DOI: (NCS) Method of Con

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp DOI:   (NCS) Method of Con Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp.181-212 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.3.201709.181 (NCS) Method of Constructing and Using the Differentiated National Competency

More information